Shop Space Research Articles

ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN THE SUPER MORO TRESNO LEDRE AGROINDUSTRY BOJONEGORO

The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the decline in sales of agroindustries, including the Super Moro Tresno Ledre agroindustry. It can be seen from the decrease in the Number of tourists in Bojonegoro Regency in the last two years (2020-2021), which has an impact on the sale of ledre as a typical souvenir food from Bojonegoro has decreased consumers. In addition, the development of ledre agroindustry in Bojonegoro is quite a lot, which certainly causes competition among fellow ledre agroindustries. This research aims to analyze the level of customer satisfaction and the attributes that need to be improved to increase customer satisfaction. This research uses the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method for the first objective and the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method for the second. The results showed that the overall level of customer satisfaction based on the CSI value was 75.67%, which means that customer satisfaction is in the "Satisfied" index. Based on the results of the IPA analysis, it is known that several attributes need to be improved, which include product packaging standards, responses to consumer complaints and suggestions, varied and affordable prices, suitability of packaging portions at the cost spent, prices offered with the benefits obtained by consumers, freedom of movement in the store, and shop space arrangement

Vulnerability and Response-Ability in the Pandemic Marketplace: Developing an Ethic of Care for Provisioning in Crisis

This paper draws on the ethics of care to investigate how citizens grappled with ethical tensions in the mundane practice of grocery shopping at the height of the Covid-19 pandemic. We use this case to address the broader question of what it means ‘to care’ in the context of a crisis. Based on a qualitative longitudinal cross-country interview study, we find that the pandemic transformed ordinary shopping spaces into places fraught with a sense of fear and vulnerability. Being forced to face one’s own vulnerability created an opportunity for individuals to relate to one another as significant others through a sense of “response-ability”, or the capacity of people to respond to ethical demands through situated ethical reasoning. We argue for a practical ethos of care in which seemingly small decisions such as how often to go shopping and how much to buy of a particular product serve as a means to relate to both specified and generalized others—and through this, ‘care with’ society. Our study contributes to displacing the continuing prevalence of an abstract and prescriptive morality in consumption ethics with a situated and affective politics of care. This vocabulary seems better suited to reflect on the myriad of small and unheroic care acts in times of crisis and beyond.

스포츠 브랜드 플래그십 스토어의 공간체험 디자인 특성에 관한 연구

Flagship shop space design influences the brand image of visiting consumers, which in turn affects purchase intention. Therefore, in order to attract consumers, this study takes experience design as the theoretical basis and aims to investigate the influence of experience design characteristics (non-daily, interactive, dynamic and associative) on brand image and purchase intention in the design of sports brand flagship shop space. In order to meet the purpose of this study, two sports brand flagship shop spaces, NIKE and ADIDAS, were selected as investigation cases, and a questionnaire survey was carried out with the group of consumers visiting the sports brand flagship shops, and 302 valid questionnaires were finally returned, and the collected data were analysed by frequency analysis, reliability analysis, validation factor analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis using the statistical programs of SPSS26.0 and AMOS 24.0. analysis and regression analysis. The results of the study are as follows: (1) The spatial experience design characteristics of flagship shops of sports brands (non-routine, interactivity, dynamism and associativity) have a positive impact on brand image. (2) Brand image has a positive effect on consumers' purchase intention. The results of this study can provide empirical data and theoretical support for the spatial planning of sports brand flagship shops.

Sustainability and the development trends of rural retail business in the Czech Republic

ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that influence the sustainability of rural grocery stores and to assess the effects of the ongoing consolidation and spatial concentration in rural grocery stores on the accessibility of rural grocery stores in the Czech Republic. In this paper, we start by presenting the continued decline of retail grocery stores in rural areas of the Czech Republic. The decline is seen to be especially severe in villages with fewer than 1,000 inhabitants. By examining official statistics from the Czech Republic and research papers from selected European countries, we see how the rural retail sector is monitored. We demonstrate the very good accessibility of grocery stores for residents of the entire Czech Republic, including residents of small villages. Differences in the external and internal environment of rural grocery stores were identified. Consequently, we also present the preliminary findings of in-depth interviews with rural grocery storekeepers in Southwestern Bohemia. The article ends with a summary of the current situation in rural retail. In policy terms, the research shows that more work needs to be done to identify, quantify, and then promote the advantages of rural retail. External factors influencing rural retail business are the high level of competition, grant programs for rural grocery stores, the relatively short distances consumers have to travel by car or public transportation to modern retail facilities with a wider assortment, better prices, and more attractive shopping space in modern retail facilities. Internal factors that negatively affect a rural retail business are staff with inadequate qualifications and an approach that is not focused on the consumer and his needs, and opening hours and a product range that does not reflect consumer requirements. The contribution of this paper is focused on the sustainability of entrepreneurialism in rural retail.

Enabling Politeness: Perfumers and Male Self‐Fashioning in Britain, c. 1750–1800

AbstractPerfumers have long been associated with the manufacture and sale of cosmetic products for women in the eighteenth century. This article argues, however, that the place of perfumers as retailers of goods for men has been overlooked and that they were, in fact, key enablers in the construction of polite masculinity. In so doing, it also raises broader questions about the gendering both of particular types of retail and of shop spaces.

Design requirements according to the formal integration in the design of interior spaces

The formal integration of the interior spaces in general and the commercial spaces of the watch shops in the large commercial centers in particular is the goal that the designers aim to reach in order for the interior space to become successful in terms of the design idea and its characteristics. Implementation mechanism. One of the reasons for achieving formal integration in the interior spaces of watch shops is the requirements of the design that must be available in these spaces to reach a state of formal integration between the interior and the exterior so that the space becomes fully integrated in all respects. Because of the aforementioned reasons for dealing with the research, through four chapters: The first chapter included the research plan and its problem, which was summarized in the following question: (What are the design requirements that must be available in the interior design? Shop spaces that sell watches as commercial spaces require formal integration)? The importance of the research, its objective, the objective limits, the spatial and temporal limits of the research were also highlighted, and the most important terms mentioned in the research title were identified. As for the second chapter, it included previous studies and the theoretical framework, which included two parts. The first dealt with formal integration into the interior spaces. As for the second, it dealt with the internal commercial spaces in all its details, in addition to the results of the theoretical framework in terms of indicators. As for the third chapter, it was devoted to the research procedures, as the researcher relied on the descriptive approach in analyzing the selected samples and models. The fourth chapter also included the results of the analysis and the conclusions obtained in light of the research objective, recommendations and proposals. and a list of sources and appendices.

Using high-tech tools for consumer buying decisions of FMCG

Purpose: The main aim of this paper is to explore consumer decisions and emotions during shopping at the self-service store with fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG). Design/methodology/approach: The subject of the study is to assess the impact of emotions during the choice-making process on consumers' buying decisions. The respondents are citizens of the West Pomeranian region, Poland. The survey was conducted using state-of-the-art data acquisition technologies, i.e., Virtual Reality and EEG. An interview was also used as a complementary form. The research was both qualitative and quantitative, with a research sample of 34 respondents and took place in the virtual world. The researchers used primary data. The results presented here are part of a broader research project that used a triangulation of research methods to allow a deeper analysis of the conscious and unconscious aspects of the subjects. Findings: The research provided independent data on consumer emotions. The authors identified 4 groups of emotions that appeared during the selection of a product and were highly differentiated and strongly dependent on such characteristics as consumer type and gender. It has also been noticed that the longer a product is held, the lower emotional “sleepiness’. Research limitations/implications: One of the main limitations is the data collection process, which is relatively expensive, so the sample size is limited. The results obtained can be a signpost for a researcher who would like to use this new technology for further research. Practical implications: The results obtained can be used by shop managers in planning the sales activities or shop space to help the customer decide. Originality/value: In the research was used an innovative combination of virtual reality (VR) equipment and an electroencephalogram (EEG). To the best of the authors' knowledge, the results of a study from the FMCG industry using both devices simultaneously have never been published. Keywords: consumer behaviour, virtual reality, new technology, EEG. Category of the paper: Research paper.

Auto-Rickshaw Repair, Servicing and Maintenance for Youth-in-Entrepreneurship in Kumasi

Knowledge and skill acquisition is a driver to the socioeconomic growth of a country, yet economic challenges, rapid urbanization, and migration have contributed to youth unemployment in Ghana. The introduction of auto-rickshaws in 2015 has increased access coverage to transportation, augmented existing public transportation, and created avenues for both operators’ and mechanics’ employment through co-ordinated skill development actions to empower youth-in-entrepreneurship. However, these have not been fully utilized and developed by the Government. The study seeks to identify basic needs of auto-rickshaw mechanics in establishing a sustainable repair and maintenance enterprise, identify challenges confronting auto-rickshaw mechanics, and analyze activities of the youth who repair, maintain, and service auto-rickshaws within the formal and informal sectors for sustainable enterprises. The study is underpinned by both resource-based and human capital theories: education and apprenticeship bothers on human capital theory, while entrepreneurial experience, shop space, business duration, and so on projects the resource-based theory. Questionnaires were administered to 237 auto-rickshaw mechanics and interviews were conducted for some selected auto-rickshaw mechanics to investigate challenges in the business in the Kumasi Metropolitan Area through a clustered and systematic sampling technique. Data analyzed using SPSS v.26 indicated a very youthful auto-rickshaw mechanic population with low educational level that operates without licensed garages. About 68.8% of the mechanics possessed some form of apprenticeship training, though they are not specific to auto-rickshaw repair and maintenance. Further, 71.7% auto-rickshaw mechanics do not keep records of their activities and there is a general lack of entrepreneurial skills among them. Lack of financial support from financial institutions was found to be a major challenge. The binary logistic regression model retained and confirmed six out of the seven predictors, including sex, age, education, marital status, duration of repairs and/or maintenance, shop space, tools and equipment, and mechanical training, as significant contributing factors to entrepreneurship training offered to enterprises within the Kumasi metropolis. The study recommends the urgent need to upgrade the technical and entrepreneurial skills of auto-rickshaw mechanics through the establishment of targeted and result-oriented training centers for better efficiency. The authors further recommend financial institutions to consider giving financial support to auto-rickshaw mechanics to help sustain their businesses.

The nature of post-occupancy modifications of selected low-income housing estates in Nigeria

This paper aims to evaluate the nature of post-occupancy modifications of selected income housing estates in Nigeria. The research adopts both the quantitative and qualitative approaches and is essentially survey-based. Therefore, the research population is all housing units of low-income public housing estates in Owerri Metropolis. A simple random technique was further adopted to select five low-income housing estates within the low-income group for this study. Participants of this study were further sampled and selected based on the following requirements and eligibility criteria - they must be residents in the residential estates under study; they must be household heads (or their representatives) of the buildings in the selected housing estates and the building must have been in existence for over ten years (which is enough time for modification to have taken place). The data were collected through the use of a structured questionnaire and field observations, and analysis of this data relied on the computer-based statistical software called STATA 13.0. Results were presented and discussed, pinpointing the nature of post-occupancy modifications in the five selected low-income housing estates. The results further show various kinds of modifications (addition of rooms, alteration of site arrangement, alteration of fence design, alteration of roofing pattern, addition of shop spaces, change of use, and outright total modification) have taken place across the five housing estates studied.

A Study on the Standard for Indoor Illuminance Considering the Needs of the Elderly : Focused on Five Department Stores and Shopping Malls in Seoul

As people age, they encounter vision problems that affect their comfort and safety; and thus providing comfortable lighting environment is essential. The purpose of this study was (a) to examine a proper level of illuminance for the elderly through a review of the literature and the KS illuminance standard, (b) to recommend a new illuminance standard to accommodate the elderly’s physiological and psychological needs’, and (c) to examine whether cases of five shopping spaces met recommended illuminance standards for the elderly. Although online shopping has increased, popular shopping venues for the elderly remain offline. Through literature review, it was fount that the current KS standard of illuminance for corridor and toilet in department stores is theoretically low and insufficient and a new standard was proposed. On-site measurements of five representative department stores and shopping malls in Seoul, conducted by measuring illuminance of lobby, store, elevator hall, corridor, and toilet, revealed that the illuminance level of elevator halls was particularly below the KS standard, and that of corridor and toilet was below the recommended illuminance level for the elderly. Improving the KS illuminance standard considering physiological characteristics of the elderly is necessary.

Shopping morphologies of urban transit station areas: A comparative study of central city station catchments in Toronto, San Francisco, and Melbourne

Synergies between shopping and public transit have long been noted, with main streets emerging along tram lines and shopping malls attached to train stations. The shopping-transit synergy is also at the core of transit-oriented development (TOD), a widespread planning approach to urban sustainability. However, there is a lack of morphological research investigating how shopping clusters around transit stations at a fine-geographic scale. This paper explores the shopping morphologies of three central-city subway station areas in Toronto, San Francisco, and Melbourne, mapping and measuring the extent of public and quasi-public shopfronts relative to the station. The morphological analysis of 200, 300, 400, and 500 m walking catchments shows that as the distance from the station increases, the proportion of shopfronts in the total catchment declines. Quasi-public shopping space can enhance the walkable catchment and permeability of a station area and may contribute to urbanity as long as it adds to diversity of access options. The findings highlight the role walkable shopping environments can play within urban transit station areas and show the importance of nuanced consideration being given to morphologies in the analysis and planning of TODs.

The Effect of COVID-19 on Academic Social Life in Riyadh with a Focus on the Outdoor Environment

On 18 March 2020, the World Health Organization announced that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had reached global pandemic status. The Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia implemented a COVID-19 lockdown that lasted for four months. After the period of restrictions ended, people were supposed to return to their normal social lives; however, the lockdown had a psychological impact on people without them being aware of it. This research aimed to study the effect of COVID-19 on social life, mainly focusing on six public activities: visiting shopping malls, mosques, open spaces, interior space, psychological effect, and occupational aspects. The Method survey was distributed during lockdown including the six focus areas and collected using Google Forms. Also, a computer program simulation (ENVI-MET) was used to study and develop an outdoor environment. The research focuses on the outdoor environment to find solutions on a sample used Al Rouda Park in Riyadh. The results demonstrated that people are slowly returning to their social lives during the COVID-19 pandemic by steadily visiting shopping malls, mosques, and open spaces and half of respondents stay at home fearing COVID-19. The research concluded that people should apply health procedures during ongoing time in studied locations and should manage the elaborated psychological effects. 

A STRUCTURED LITERATURE REVIEW ON IMPULSE BUYING: ONLINE JITTERS AND OFFLINE JEEPERS

Purpose of the Study: This structured literature review looks at Impulse Buying Behaviour in both virtual and brick-and-mortar contexts. The purpose of the study was to identify, evaluate, and synthesize the relevant research results to develop an abstract of current evidence by using unambiguous procedures to find what can consistently be said based on these researchers that can play a role in evidence-based practice. Furthermore, this systematic review aimed to minimize the bias resulting in other methods of reviewing research literature.
 Methodology: An appropriate sample of papers was collected via a systematic search. The initial stage of a systematic literature review involves identifying the academic papers from EBSCO, Emerald Full text, and Scopus that are most influential and relevant to online impulse buying behaviour. The next step was to refine the results to identify research studies that best match the research objectives.
 Main Findings: An interesting outcome of this paper has been that virtual impulse buying behaviour is quite similar to that of the offline context. Their mood influences customers when a potential purchase, their traits, and the shopping space (website) where the purchase is happening. The real difference between the virtual and offline context appears to be linked to spatial-temporal factors affected by the constraints of the virtual environment in which the e-retailers operate and impact customer mood Impulse Buying Tendency.
 Applications of this study: This literature review will help researchers map various approaches regarding the same research topic by bringing together various theoretical viewpoints. This study will also provide evidence of various approaches used by researchers while studying impulse buying behaviour through differentiating distinctive research methods used to respond to the same research questions.
 Novelty/Originality of this study: For so many years' researchers are trying to find effective approaches to formulate the influencing elements to increase impulse buying. A review of the literature has been done to make the reader understand the elements of impulse buying behaviour regarding offline and online settings. The study also provides the conceptual framework of impulse buying and its factors.

Assessing sense of community at farmers markets: A systematic review

Farmers markets are valuable for reducing food insecurity and delivering healthy food options to populations living with low incomes. However, farmers markets have developed a reputation for being exclusive shopping spaces devoted to affluent, white shoppers. Sense of community (SOC), or a person’s feelings of belonging at farmers markets, could be an important, under-addressed asset or barrier to farmers markets patronage for people living with low incomes. To document and describe how SOC influences customer engagement with farmers markets, we conducted a systematic review of published, peer-reviewed literature following PRISMA guidelines. Systematic review protocol involved three stages: identifying peer-reviewed articles using key search terms, screening abstracts and articles for inclusion and exclusion, and analyzing articles for SOC at farmers markets. Of the 24 articles included in the systematic review, 10 addressed SOC in farmers markets shoppers living with low incomes, 6 addressed SOC in farmers markets shoppers living with middle to high incomes, and 8 did not indicate the shoppers’ income level. SOC served as both a barrier and facilitator to farmers markets patronage for all income levels. However, farmers markets shoppers who received federal food assistance reported a feeling of exclusion discouraging them from shopping at farmers markets. These negative experiences were more prominent among Black, Indigenous, and other People of Color (BIPOC) living with low incomes. SOC appears to be an important factor in determining who shops at farmers markets and the frequency with which they visit. Farmers markets managers should consider how to strengthen SOC to improve engagement with people living with low incomes, and more specifically, BIPOC living with low incomes.

Planning Concept of Lalebbata: Combining Heritage, Policy and Participation

Palopo City is a member of the Indonesian Heritage City Network (JKPI) and has been directed by the government as a Heritage City. Lalebbata is an important space in the history of Palopo City. In this area, the pulse of the economy, socio-culture and religiosity of the Palopo people begins. The intertwining of these three aspects is symbolized by the existence of the market – as the center of crowds, the Kedatuan Palace of Luwu and the Old Mosque of Palopo City. Lalebata as one of the historical areas needs efforts to be structured as an effort to revive activities in this area as well as as an effort to protect, including controlling the development of the area so as not to lose its historical identity. The Regional Regulation of the City of Palopo on Cultural Heritage mandates that the spatial pattern of the Cultural Conservation Area is stipulated in the Batupasi Sub-District. The management plan for this cultural heritage area includes the revitalization of cultural heritage, as well as the preservation and maintenance of historical buildings as well as being directed as a Trade and Service Allocation Area, particularly as a shopping center and public open space. This paper aims to produce a planning concept and arrangement of the Lalebbata Area in Batupasi as a Center of Heritage as well as a public space in Palopo City. The method used is a participatory approach to the residents living around the site, to explore potential and problems, as well as to review policies related to planning and arrangement that will be carried out. The result of this paper is the area planning concept by dividing the area into several functions such as commercial space, public and pedestrian space, green area/parks/sclupture, plaza, exhibition space and museum.

Rethinking museum shops in the context of the climate crisis

This paper critically evaluates the role of the museum shop in the context of the climate crisis. Specifically, it considers how museum shops might be reconceptualized as an important facet of visitor communication within the emerging category of climate museums. Theoretically, the paper references the conceptual linkages of material and commodity culture in relation to climate issues, while practically, it frames the shop as a space that can both support exhibition messaging and prompt behavioral changes among visitors that might help reduce their planetary impact. These claims are explored with reference to the concepts of “gestalt” and “nudge” theory. The paper presents three approaches for effecting such changes: 1. Extended exhibition messaging through shop products; 2. Consistency of tone between exhibition and shop spaces; 3. Imposing limits on the shop space to convey environmental messages. Ultimately, the paper argues for the shop as a more integral cultural component of the museum complex.

ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ ГОСТИНЫЕ ДВОРЫ И ТОРГОВЫЕ РЯДЫ. ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ИХ РЕНОВАЦИИ

Shopping arcades and bazaars are considered as the oldest and most common commercial buildings in Russia. The main periods of development of these buildings are investigated, and the most probable space-planning prototypes (Emporia, caravanserais, and others) are established. A typology of cellular commercial buildings is proposed. The objects are compared in the following areas: the nature of the layout, spatial solutions, stylistic directions. Domestic and foreign experience of adaptation is considered. Examples of the most interesting and diverse solutions for the modern use of cellular commercial buildings are given. The main directions of renovation of commercial buildings are proposed, such as functional, planning, spatial.
 Conclusions are drawn about the wide possibilities of modern use of such buildings. The most suitable functions are selected, including retail, catering, office, etc. The mixed function is highlighted as the most preferred. As a method for evaluating the proposed spatial planning solutions, it is proposed to rely on data from landscape and visual analysis. The optimal solution is selected for commercial buildings of different configurations: linear (functional and planning direction), semi-closed (development of internal space, landscaping, the possibility of organizing seasonal shopping and fair spaces) and closed (the same as for semi-closed, plus a solution for overlapping (full or partial) internal space). The historical and cultural value of bazaars and shopping arcades, the need to preserve them are proved.

Good, bad, and practical: Exploring human memory in everyday information behavior

AbstractThis study investigates how memory affects everyday information behavior. Previous literature generally examined memory as a broad category, missing to consider how the variance in memory influences information behavior. To bridge this gap, we interviewed and observed 10 arts and crafts hobbyists when they navigated a creative shopping space designed to spark serendipity. Findings demonstrate the distinction between memory, including positive, negative, and practical, along with their potential impacts on everyday information behavior. This work provides a novel analysis of memory, shedding new light on the subtlety of memory in information behavior research.

IN-STORE BRAND COMMUNICATION: WHEN SHELF-SPACE AND DISPLAY SEDUCE CONSUMERS

Purpose of the study: This study aims at analyzing the role of shelf-space and display in stimulating impulse buying. Further, this study also covers the comparison between all shelf positions (regular-shelf, Chiller, and wings-rack) to get insights deeper into which one is the most effective in stimulating impulse buying. Methodology: By highlighting the case of a beverage brand in a hypermarket in Indonesia, the recent study uncovers the experiences and perceptions of 200 participants through an explanatory survey. The primary data collection has been done by distributing survey questionnaires to 200 target respondents located in Jakarta. The data collected have been analysed using SPSS software. Main Findings: Both shelf-space and display factors are found to have a positive and significant effect on impulse buying, where the former is found dominant. Various constructs in shelf-space such as the spaciousness-of-shelf, highness-of-traffic, largeness-of-shelf, easiness in finding the shelf, and in-store display communications such as the attractiveness-of-color, cleanness-of-display, neatness-of-display arrangement, the blocking-space, and the attractiveness-of-product arrangement emerge validly. Of the three objects studied, the chiller had the highest effectiveness compared to the regular-shelf and wings-rack in arousing the impulsivity of consumer purchases. This fact shows that the appearance of cold drinks seems to have a significant effect on consumers in causing impulse buying, especially for consumers in tropical countries like Indonesia. The seller or brand owner should consider this finding. Applications of this study: This study confirms the real, meaningful, and experiential visual power of in-store brand communications. So the brand can explore creatively and ergonomically as well as maximizing the potentials of visual communication, especially shelf-space and display in sales spaces as silent sellers. Novelty/Originality of this study: Few studies still pay attention to the role of in-store brand communications in encouraging impulse buying, especially in an era where the virtual shopping world is increasingly distracting researchers and marketers from the spark of communication events in the actual shopping space. This article proves how the attractiveness of in-store brand communications through shelf-space and in-store displays has a significant impact on impulse buying.

Strategi Pengembangan Pasar Keramik Belawan Sebagai Daya Tarik Wisata Belanja di Kota Medan

This study aims to identify the strategic assumptions of Belawan Ceramics Market with a descriptive method approach. By compiling results from the perspective of customers and traders, this study analyzes strategic assumptions with the SWOT analysis tool. The results showed that consumers who came were consumers who had repeatedly visited the Ceramic Market, but the loyalty of visitors decreased for the fourth visit. Tourist considerations for visiting the Belawan Ceramics Market are diverse types of merchandise, traditional bargaining systems, interactions with direct traders, as well as structuring shopping space that is not rigid with social accessibility in the form of local community acceptance (especially traders) towards foreigners. From the SWOT analysis conducted, it was found that the strategies that could be carried out to develop the Belawan ceramics market were: opening stores early, adding collections of unique items, expanding promotions through social media, pentahelix synergy for more effective development, price competition considerations in accordance with the quality of the goods being marketed, complementing supporting tourism utilities such as lighting facilities and increasing the role of government and community self-help to increase the sense of security for visitors / tourists.