Shattered Nerves Research Articles

«ПИШУ ТЕБЕ, МИЛАЯ СОНЯ»: О НЕКОТОРЫХ ПРАГМАТИЧЕСКИХ ОСОБЕННОСТЯХ ПИСЕМ Л. Н. ТОЛСТОГО ЖЕНЕ

The article is devoted to the consideration of the communicative and pragmatic tactics used in the letters of L. N. Tolstoy to S. A. Tolstoy for 1862–1864 and 1909–1910, and the objectification of ideas about oneself and about the addressee in the evolutionary aspect. To achieve this goal, the methods of conceptual and pragmatic analysis of texts are used. Special attention is paid to the two first and last letters. It was revealed that the first letter of declaration of love has the form of reasoning, it has an explanatory and apologetic character. The letter reflects the influence of a sentimental narrative while maintaining an argumentative composition. In these and subsequent letters, directive, care, concern, open recognition of one’s feelings, approval of the addressee’s actions, negative assessment of third parties, inclusion of the strategy are used. In order to implement them, Tolstoy forms a chamber symbolarium, which helps him to implement goal-setting in a concentrated way. In the first letters, Tolstoy puts on masks of an misunderstood, lonely, aging man. Letters express ideas about the addressee as a sensual, impulsive, but at the same time cautious person. The recipient’s perception is characterized by vagueness. Sofya Andreevna is still only a young, unspoiled person for him. After the wedding, the ideas about Sofia Andreevna are concretized. In the letters of recent years, Tolstoy embodies knowledge about himself as an old man, as a victim of a hysterical wife who is unable to fix anything, as a loving husband, as a person who thinks about the spiritual. The ideas about the addressee identify Sofya Andreevna as an honest wife, mother, a man with shattered nerves, who does not control himself and focuses on the material.

Disasters and Disabled People: Have Any Lessons Been Learned?

On November 14, 2016, New Zealanders woke to terrifying earth rumbles and dove for cover under beds, tables, and in doorways, as two earthquakes merged into a massive magnitude 7.8 quake at 12:02 a.m. Severe shaking lasted about 120 seconds near Christchurch, in Kaikoura, a tourist destination at the top of the South Island, and 30 seconds in Wellington, the nation's capital, at the bottom of the North Island. The rupture was 15 kilometers (9.32 miles) deep, and this relatively shallow, complex earthquake resulted in at least six ruptured faults and dozens of damaged buildings. More than 1,200 tourists and local residents were eventually evacuated by sea and air from the whale-watching town of Kaikoura. And many people experienced shattered nerves, as thousands of aftershocks were felt throughout New Zealand, and even now, weeks later. The quakes generated a tsunami and an evacuation of coastal areas, and 4-meter (about 13 feet) waves threatened homes. Up to 100,000 landslides were triggered, and these blocked roads and railway lines. That week, aftershocks measured as high as 6.2 in magnitude, and a ferocious spring storm caused floods and massive landslides. Roads were cut off and towns were isolated. There were two deaths as a direct result of the 7.8 earthquake: one person was killed when a home in Kaikoura collapsed and another died of a heart attack. Infrastructures were destroyed, and power, water, sewage, and communication systems were knocked out. Throughout the country, schools were closed; national exams were canceled; and many businesses and buildings, railway lines, and even major highways far north of the Kaikoura quake were damaged and closed. Kaikoura's State Highway 1, which provides the community with its livelihood, supplies, and tourists, will remain closed and under construction for months to come as the region remains in a state of emergency. November 14th has been a reminder that Kiwis should be prepared for any future disaster, according to Acting Civil Defence Minister Gerry Brownlee, which raises the question: Were we better prepared this time? It seems that lessons learned from the 2010 and 2011 earthquakes in New Zealand helped disabled people, including those with visual impairments, in the recent, November 2016, earthquakes. Access to information and support In our earlier research about the 2010 and 2011 earthquakes, we noted that those with impaired vision had a hard time obtaining appropriate information about what was happening. Anecdotal reports from the recent quakes are that radio stations on the South Island did an excellent job of keeping people informed. Civil Defence authorities, as they did in 2011, provided New Zealand Sign Language interpreters at its media briefings. Personal and agency support was identified in our earlier research as being crucial to survival and coping for research participants with impaired vision. On November 17, 2016, the Ministries of Social Development and Civil Defence, as they did in 2011, launched a free telephone helpline to provide a one-stop source of information on services and assistance that was available to people affected by the earthquakes. This helpline is a desired response to post-earthquake needs, but no mention was made of disability. The Facebook page of the Royal New Zealand Foundation of the Blind (RNZFB) was used for people to check in on each other, a new development since the 2010 and 2011 quakes. There was also a nationwide Facebook page designed for this purpose. One District Council has proposed that a registry of disabled persons be established to ensure assistance is made available to those who need it in an emergency, such as those who are vision impaired and live alone, those who rely on electricity for medical reasons, those who are hearing impaired and cannot access news transmitted by radio, those who are physically disabled and unable to travel during an emergency, to name a few. …

Shattered nerves: how science is solving modern medicine's most perplexing problem

Shattered nerves: how science is solving modern medicine's most perplexing problem

Repairing shattered nerves

Repairing shattered nerves

"Shattered Nerves": Doctors, Patients, and Depression in Victorian England. Janet Oppenheim

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook Reviews"Shattered Nerves": Doctors, Patients, and Depression in Victorian England. Janet Oppenheim F. B. SmithF. B. Smith Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Modern History Volume 65, Number 4Dec., 1993 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/244738 Views: 1Total views on this site Citations: 1Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1993 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article: John Neu Current Bibliography of the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences, 1994, Isis 85 (Oct 2015): 1–300.https://doi.org/10.1086/357072

"Shattered Nerves:" Doctors, Patients, and Depression in Victorian England. By Janet Oppenheim (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991. viii plus 388 pp. $27.95)

Journal Article “Shattered Nerves:” Doctors, Patients, and Depression in Victorian England. By Janet Oppenheim (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991. viii plus 388 pp. $27.95) Get access F. G. Gosling F. G. Gosling Department of Energy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Social History, Volume 26, Issue 4, Summer 1993, Pages 863–864, https://doi.org/10.1353/jsh/26.4.863 Published: 01 July 1993

Late Modern

Nationalism in France: Class and Nation since 1789. By Brian Jenkins The Oakes Diaries, Volume II: Business, Politics and the Family in Bury St Edmunds,1801–1827. Edited by Jane Fiske A New History of Ireland: Volume V, Ireland under the Union: Volume I,1801–1870. Edited by W.E.Vaughan New Gill History of Ireland. Volume V, Nineteenth‐century Ireland: The Search for Stability. By D. George Boyce Feeding the Victorian City: The Food Supply of Manchester,1770–1870. By Roger Scola Victoria: The Young Queen. By Monica Chariot Gladstone: The Making of a Christian Politician. The Personal Religious Life and Development of William Ewart Gladstone,1809–1832. By Peter J. Jagger Sir Robert Peel: Statesmanship, Power and Party. By Eric J. Evans Disraeli. By John K. Walton Gladstone and the Liberal Party. By Michael J. Winstanley Class, Party and the Political System in Britain,1867–1914. By John Belchem Cheap Bibles: Nineteenth‐century Publishing and the British and Foreign Bible Society. By Leslie Howsam ‘Shattered Nerves’: Doctors, Patients and Depression in Victorian England. By Janet Oppenheim Political Stability in Later Victorian England: A Sociological Analysis and Interpretation. By Alice Russell Lady Inspectors: The Campaign for a Better Workplace,1893–1921. By Mary Drake McFeely The Rise of the Labour Party,1893–1931. By Gordon Phillips Leisure, Gender and Poverty: Working‐class Culture in Salford and Manchester,1900–1939. By Andrew Davies German Industry and German Industrialization: Essays in German Economic and Business History in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. Edited by W.R. Lee A Brief History of the German Trade Unions. By Michael Schneider European Labour Politics from 1900 to the Depression. By Dick Geary Wilhelm II and the Germans: A Study in Leadership. By T. A. Kohut La Politico Estera Italiana:1860–1985. Edited by Richard J.B. Bosworth and Sergio Romano The Politics of State Expansion: War, State and Society in Twentieth‐century Britain. By James E. Cronin Simon: A Political Biography of Sir John Simon. By David Dutton The Culture of Labourism: The East End between the Wars. By John Marriott In Hitler's Germany: Everyday Life in the Third Reich. By Bernt Engelmann Churchill: the Great Game and Total War. By David Jablonsky Churchill: Strategy and History. By Tuvia Ben‐Moshe John Bull and the Bear: British Public Opinion, Foreign Policy and the Soviet Union,1941–1945. By P.M.H. Bell The Bank of England and Public Policy,1941–1958. By John Fforde The Attlee Years. Edited by Nick Tiratsoo Northern Ireland since 1945. By Sabine Wichert Britain since 1945. Edited by Terry Gourvish and Alan O'Day Refugees in the Cold War: Toward a New International Refugee Regime in the Early Post‐war Era. By Kim Salomon Britain and European Cooperation since 1945. By Sean Greenwood

“Shattered Nerves”: Doctors, Patients, and Depression in Victorian England Janet Oppenheim

“Shattered Nerves”: Doctors, Patients, and Depression in Victorian England Janet Oppenheim

"Shattered Nerves": Doctors, Patients, and Depression in Victorian England. Janet Oppenheim

<i>"Shattered Nerves": Doctors, Patients, and Depression in Victorian England</i>. Janet Oppenheim

"Shattered Nerves": Doctors, Patients, and Depression in Victorian England.

"Shattered Nerves": Doctors, Patients, and Depression in Victorian England.

Shattered nerves: doctors, patients, and depression in Victorian England. Essay review.

Shattered nerves: doctors, patients, and depression in Victorian England. Essay review.

Review of "Shattered Nerves": Doctors, Patients, and Depression in Victorian England.

Review of "Shattered Nerves": Doctors, Patients, and Depression in Victorian England.

Janet Oppenheim. “Shattered Nerves”: Doctors, Patients, and Depression in Victorian England. New York: Oxford University Press. 1991. Pp. 388. $27.95. $27.95.

Janet Oppenheim. “Shattered Nerves”: Doctors, Patients, and Depression in Victorian England. New York: Oxford University Press. 1991. Pp. 388. $27.95. $27.95.

The Hipster, the Hero, and the Psychic Frontier in One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest

In White Negro Norman Mailer describes the hipster as a philosophical psychopath living on the fringes of society: One is Hip or one is Square, ... one is a frontiersman in the Wild West of American night life, or a Square cell .. . (339). Mailer's essay is a characteristically American attempt to define possibility as the product of stark opposites. Hip and Square quite explicitly translate into contemporary and psychological terms the opposing forces that have been the basis for much of our greatest literature: civilization and wilderness, Aunt Sally and the Territory. The internalization of geography is an attempt to compensate for the disappearance or degeneration of a literal frontier. The West may still offer freedom, but in addition it frequently represents an exhaustive emptiness, or else (telescoping freedom and repression) inspires madness-both a consequence and a rejection of restrictive society. Nathanael West's The Day of the Locust (1939) is the classic portrayal of emptiness and despair erupting into violence on what was once the frontier, the California toward which Jack Burden drives, in Robert Penn Warren's All the King's Men (1946), feeling that he is drowning in West, in a motionless ooze of History (288). Five years later, J. D. Salinger's Holden Caulfield (The Catcher in the Rye, 1951) dreams of fleeing to a rustic cabin to live a sequestered life with his girl. Yet when he goes West it is not to freedom but to recover his shattered nerves in the relative restriction of a Hollywood sanitorium. But if, as these novels suggest, the West provides no ready-made opportunities for escape, there is another intangible and portable frontier which can be maintained by constantly calling attention to the defining extremes of freedom and restriction.1 The modern frontiersman invests his energy in disruption rather than flight: he must be a fighter, not for the sake of violence or of winning permanent victories but for the clearer distinctions and hence greater freedom that conflict engenders. Yet this investment in a conflict from which there is no easy flight often demands an emphasis on personal

Suggestions for the Blind and their Friends

The following suggestions have been offered by men and women from different parts of the United States who have worked with and for the blind for many years. Most of the suggestions have come from those who are themselves blind. Some may be of little value to you and with others you may not agree. One of those who offered some of the suggestions said, “It takes a wise head to know the when-ness and the where-ness of all these things.” Remember that there are two classes of blind adults; those to whom the loss of sight is the only handicap, and those in whom the cause which produced blindness has also produced other physical disabilities. Unfortunately there are many in the latter group, and this makes the problem of the newly-blinded adult very difficult. Blindness with a strong body and mind unimpaired is one thing; blindness plus shattered nerves, a weakened body and serious physical ailments is quite another matter. The first step should be to eliminate the handicaps other than blindness and help the man or woman to be as nearly normal as possible. Inspire in him courage and confidence in himself. He must have confidence in himself before the world will have confidence in him. Encourage him, so far as it is practical, to follow the same pursuits he followed with sight, for this work he knows how to do. Compel him, if necessary, to exercise and show him how failing in this he simply adds to his physical disabilities, but do not fail to provide some way by which he may exercise. Remove if possible the feeling of loneliness and aloneness which comes with blindness and show him that he has friends and give him something to do, even though it be of little value in itself. Inasmuch as a person's self-respect depends in considerable measure upon his ability for self-support, the blind should be helped to find or to prepare themselves for some remunerative employment. “In dealing with a patient,” writes an occulist of national reputation, “one should always tell the truth. It is neither necessary nor wise in every case to tell the whole truth to the sufferer. Pandora left her best gift in the box, when the others flew away;— but it is imperative that the relatives or near friends should know the exact facts. Lack of frankness causes loss of confidence, and in desperation the poor man who feels the night settling about him flies from one to another in the vain hope of finding a way of escape. If the reputable and dependable oculist fails to enlighten him as to his future he siezes upon the unwarrantable encouragement offered by the unscrupulous and ignorant quack, immensely increasing his disappointment and unhappiness when the inevitable blindness comes. He should have a reasonable time to prepare himself to meet the new conditions under which he must live, and then, more than ever in his life he needs the encouragement and support of those who can make him realize that all is not necessarily lost,—because he must use other means than those to which he has been accustomed to bring him in touch with the world. “Usually the man for whom blindness is imminent knows nothing of the blind, their possibilities, or their achievements. He very naturally thinks that when his eyes are shut all avenues are closed. Let those who know what can be done without sight, be his good angels during this period of discouragement and dismay. Let them bring to his knowledge the biographies of successful blind men and women, not alone those who were eminent and gifted like Milton or Fawcett, or Senator Gore, but those like himself if he is of ordinary ability and intelligence, who have fought their way cheerfully through life, in the dark, and have achieved contentment at least, if not happiness, which is the gift of the gods reserved for few. Let him be buoyed up over the danger period and he will have the courage to face life under the new conditions and not weakly to throw it away like a child terrified by present limitations, as Dick did in the ‘Light that Failed.”’