Shared Database System Research Articles

Towards a Benchmark for Shared Databases [Vision Paper

Traditionally, data has been held in silos and was rarely shared with other organizations. However, recently data sharing across organizations is becoming more and more important as evidenced by governmental and industrial initiatives such as the EU data strategy. As a result, both academia and industry have been proposing new systems for shared databases, that allow multiple organizations to collaboratively insert and manage data in a common database. Yet, each new system seems to come with its own architectural choices and custom guarantees that make it hard for users to navigate the plethora of shared database systems. While standard benchmarks like the TPC‑C database benchmark have been a well-established tool to compare and analyze traditional database systems, they seem to be unsuited to evaluate shared database systems. This is because these systems are built with fundamentally different assumptions in mind, such as a different threat/trust model since multiple (untrusted) parties access and modify the same data. In this paper, we present a vision and initial ideas for a new benchmark to evaluate shared databases and capture their unique characteristics.

Research Progress on Atmospheric Sulfur Cycle Model

We summarized the basic contents and the applicable conditions of typicalatmospheric sulfur cycle models, especially the classical atmospheric sulfur cycle model and the independent sulfur cycle model which is based on OsloCTM2 model.We introduced atmospheric sulfur cycle models which are coupled with some general circulation models such as ECHAM, LMDZ, CSIRO, MASINGAR, RCA2, NICAM and MIROC. Although there are many kinds of atmospheric sulfur cycle models, there are still some problems such as lack of relevant data support, comprehensive consideration of chemistry, radiation and dynamics, and interdisciplinary integrated research in the study of sulfur cycle models. To solve these problems, we proposed to optimize the quality of atmospheric sulfur emission and observation data, establish a shared database system, formulate relevant database usage regulations, strengthen the cooperation and resource sharing among subjects, and establish comprehensive high-resolution atmospheric sulfur cycle models.

Research on Hybrid Information Evaluation Type Watching Technology for the Improvement of QOL of the Elderly

The increase in living alone and old households due to aging of the society has led to a decline in the quality of life (QOL) of elderly people. How to maintain and improve the quality of life for elderly people is a pressing issue of society. We watch over the elderly from both aspects of health-related QOL and subjective QOL and work on creating a social system that realizes a safe and secure life for the elderly. In this research, we promote the health information database which holds health related information in the shared database system such as the cloud by the will of the person him/herself, and develop a method for mining various kinds of life log information and medical/care related information in a hybrid manner. In this paper, we propose a remote watching method inferring resident’s behavior related to the operation of electric appliances from the measurement of total load current of the household. We also attempt to perform hybrid data mining by combining subjective mood data and objective data with wearable sensors that can collect biological data. We aim to provide a system that brings a safe and secure life to the elderly by carrying out assessment and early detection of abnormal symptoms of them such as depression and dementia.

IJARCCE - Computer and Communication Engineering

In a shared database system when several transactions are executed simultaneously, the consistency of database should be maintained. The techniques to ensure this consistency are concurrency control techniques. All concurrency-control schemes are based on the serializability property. The serializability properties requires that the data is accessed in a mutually exclusive manner; that means, while one transaction is accessing a data item no other transaction can modify that data item. In this paper we had discussed various concurrency techniques, their advantages and disadvantages and making comparison of optimistic, pessimistic and multiversion techniques. We have simulated the current environment and have analysis the performance of each of these methods.

The implications of e-health system delivery strategies for integrated healthcare: Lessons from England

PurposeThis paper explores the implications that different technical strategies for sharing patient information have for healthcare workers and, as a consequence, for the extent to which these systems provide support for integrated care. MethodsFour technical strategies were identified and the forms of coupling they made with healthcare agencies were classified. A study was conducted in England to examine the human and organizational implications of systems implemented by these four strategies. Results were used from evaluation reports of two systems delivered as part of the NPfIT (National Programme for Information Technology) and from user responses to systems delivered in two local health communities in England. In the latter study 40 clinical respondents reported the use of systems to support integrated care in six healthcare pathways. ResultsThe implementation of a detailed care record system (DCRS) in the NPfIT was problematic because it could not meet the diverse needs of all healthcare agencies and it required considerable local customization. The programme evolved to allow different systems to be delivered for each local health community. A national Summary Care Record (SCR) was implemented but many concerns were raised about wide access to confidential patient information. The two technical strategies that required looser forms of coupling and were under local control led to wide user adoption. The systems that enabled data to be transferred between local systems were successfully used to support integrated care in specific healthcare pathways. The portal approach gave many users an opportunity to view patient data held on a number of databases and this system evolved over a number of years as a result of requests from the user community. ConclusionsThe UK national strategy to deliver single shared database systems requires tight coupling between many users and has led to poor adoption because of the diverse needs of healthcare agencies. Sharing patient information has been more successful when local systems have been developed to serve particular healthcare pathways or when separate databases are viewable through a portal. On the basis of this evidence technical strategies that permit the local design of tight coupling are necessary if information systems are to support integrated care in healthcare pathways.

Achieving knowledge across borders: facilitating practices of triangulation, obliterating “digital junkyards”

International companies expanding and competing in an increasingly global context are currently discovering the necessity of sharing knowledge across geographical and disciplinary borders. Yet, especially in such contexts, sharing knowledge is inherently complex and problematic in practice. Inspired by recent contributions in science studies, this paper argues that knowledge sharing in a global context must take into account the heterogeneous and locally embedded nature of knowledge. In this perspective, knowledge cannot easily be received through advanced information technologies, but must always be achieved in practice. Empirically, this paper draws from two contrasting initiatives in a major international oil and gas company for improving its current ways of sharing knowledge between geographically distributed sites and disciplines involved in well planning and drilling. The contrasting cases reveal that while a shared database system failed to improve knowledge sharing across contexts, a flexible arrangement supporting collaboration and use of different representation of knowledge was surprisingly successful. Based on these findings the paper underscores and conceptualizes various triangulating practices conducted in order to achieve knowledge across borders. More accurately these practices are central for individuals' and communities' abilities to: (i) negotiate ambiguous information, (ii) filter, combine, and integrate various heterogeneous sources of information, and (iii) judge the trustworthiness of information. Concerning the design and use of information technologies this implies that new designs need to facilitate triangulating practices of users rather than just providing advanced platforms ("digital junkyards") for sharing information.

Architectural Support for System Protection and Database Security

A set of architectural extensions to a machine of the type of IBM System/370 is proposed. The proposal involves hardware/software interaction to constrain the execution-time behavior of application and higher authority programs. The extensions consist of new states of privilege, enforcement of disciplined transition between states, hardware distinction of information types, and a mechanism to control data transfers between main and external storage. Application of the extensions to a shared database system, where users interact through a high-level language, shows that protection of the operating system and the database can be enhanced significantly with respect to errors or deliberate attacks from users