Share Expertise Research Articles

Consensus and controversies on post-acute care decision making and referral to geriatric rehabilitation: A national survey

BackgroundTransitioning older hospital patients to the appropriate type of post-acute care has become an urgent clinical issue within the context of changing demographics and limited duration of hospital stay. ObjectiveConsensus on assessments that guide post-acute care decision making would benefit potential patients and support cooperation between settings. DesignA national web-based questionnaire focusing on professional contributions, patient involvement and the use of triage items and measures. ParticipantsHospital and geriatric rehabilitation professionals in the Netherlands participated as respondent groups, representing ‘sending’ and ‘receiving’ professionals. MethodsA comprehensive questionnaire was used with open, multiple choice and closed questions, exploring in detail how assessment of hospital patients in need of a post-acute care decision was performed. Descriptive statistics were applied together with deductive coding of qualitative data. ResultsA total of 104 hospital liaison nurses (66.7 %) and 52 GR professionals (33.3 %) participated. Respondents were reasonably satisfied with the current triage practice. Hospital liaison nurses valued their operational responsibility for triage. Geriatric rehabilitation professionals wanted active involvement in decision making and deemed hospital paramedic expertise sub-optimally applied. ‘Too little involvement’ of patients and families was felt by 50.0 % of the GR respondents versus 15.5 % of hospital respondents. The importance of half (47.8 %) of the triage items was rated differently between respondent groups. When discussing complex cases between sending and receiving professionals, views were felt as complementary. ConclusionsBoth sending and receiving professionals expressed moderate satisfaction with post-acute care decision making, whereas their views on triage assessments differed according to setting and role. The patients’ voice may be insufficiently heard in triage decisions. Shared expertise and a consensual approach can develop when triage consultation is facilitated by both hospitals and PAC facilities. This study offers ingredients to reach a multi-professional view on post-acute care decision making and referral to geriatric rehabilitation.

Shared expertise informing practice

Shared expertise informing practice

Leadership theories and styles—A systematic literature review and the narrative synthesis

This paper explores diverse conceptualizations of leadership, emphasizing its profound impact on individuals and organizations. Leadership’s influence on followers’ daily lives, necessitating adaptation to modern complexities. Various theories offer distinct perspectives: distributed leadership emphasizes shared expertise. While charismatic leadership focuses on vision alignment. Authentic leadership promotes ethical climates, while Emotional Intelligence theory emphasizes emotional competencies. Ethical leadership underscores moral conduct. Five Domains Leadership highlights talent management and strategy execution, while Leadership Transition Theory discusses dynamic changes. Other theories include direct/indirect leadership, entrepreneurial leadership, and leader-member exchange. Participative leadership explores decision-making styles, and situational leadership aligns styles with follower maturity. Trait and behavioral theories focus on inherent traits and learned behaviours. This review underscores leadership’s complexity, offering insights into its diverse conceptualizations and practical implications across contexts.

The International Skeletal Society: a look back at 50years of multidisciplinary expertise, collaboration, and education in musculoskeletal health and disease.

Multidisciplinary collaboration and radiology-pathology correlation are key components to advancing our knowledge and understanding of musculoskeletal disease and improving clinical care. The International Skeletal Society was founded on this principle and in its 50-year history it has successfully cultivated a globally recognized and respected Annual Meeting and Refresher Course to foster interest and share expertise in musculoskeletal disorders. The Society's consistent efforts for outreach and intersociety connections with MSK societies around the world have further strengthened its heritage. This look back on the Society's first 50years recounts how it all started, where it has been, and provides insights on its promising future, not only in its support for education and scientific discovery, but also in its enrichment of precision medicine.

Digital Archiving in Archaeology: Assessing the State of the Art

The Saving European Archaeology from Digital Dark Age (SEADDA) COST Action (CA18128) is funded by the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme of the European Union and aims to create a network for archaeologists and digital specialists to build capacity for the long-term preservation of digital data for archaeology. More than 20 countries are involved in SEADDA, and have undertaken surveys, publications, workshops, STSMs (Short Term Scientific Missions) and other activities carried out to increase awareness and share expertise. Within the scope of the project, Internet Archeology 58 2021, titled "Digital Archiving in Archeology: Assessing the State of the Art", and then Internet Archeology 63 2023, titled "Digital Archiving in Archeology: Additional State of the Art and Further Analyzes" were published. This article will give a brief introduction to SEADDA but will focus primarily on what we are learning from Internet Archaeology 58 and Internet Archaeology 63, how it is helping us to understand digital archaeological data around the world. In this study, 37 articles from 31 different countries were examined, according to three main categories: administrative structure, physical and digital archives for archaeological data. In the light of the data obtained, it is difficult to generalize about archaeological data processes and management; however, different countries and regions are applying different methods to create repositories. Legislation, budgets, and human resources are all factors which affect these processes for preserving digital archaeological data for future generations. But, all countries need to share expertise, and engage in capacity building, especially around legislations, human resources, standards and guidelines, whilst financial support needs to be prioritized.

Diversity data in oncology electronic data capture and database design: A global overview, gap analysis and recommendations for industry from the imCORE network, a worldwide research network designed to connect members in an open environment of shared information, expertise, and decisions.

101 Background: The importance of enrolling diverse and inclusive patient populations in clinical trials has never been more critical however the implementation of measures to ensure inclusive clinical trials remains inconsistent and challenging industry wide. One key mechanism for tracking diversity in clinical trials is the database design of patient demographic classifications. Methods: In this paper we utilize the global reach of the imCORE network to explore the current trends in clinical trial database design for demographic data. We collect and review data on the design of electronic database systems from a diversity of sources including Roche Genentech clinical trial database frameworks and databases at our imCORE sites. We then provide a global electronic database demographic data classification overview and gap analysis. Results: Findings related to electronic database design, demographic data collection process, barriers to capturing diversity and demographic data are presented. Conclusions: Based on our findings we make recommendations from the site and sponsor perspective for an improved future state of electronic demographic diversity data collection in clinical trials with the goal of ultimately leading to meaningful change toward fully inclusive and equitable clinical trials.

The evolution of an oncology site network partnership in a COVID era clinical trial environment.

125 Background: As a leader in cancer therapy research, Roche created the immunotherapy Centers of Research Excellence (imCORE) Network, a worldwide research network designed to connect members in an open environment of shared information, expertise, and decisions. This network is dedicated to advancing the comprehension of the underlying science and shared operational challenges in order to accelerate the most promising new treatment options for patients. Pre-pandemic the imCORE network was an established partnership model leader with several years of experience. Relationships between site and sponsor were established and consistent. Regularly cadenced face to face and virtual meetings provided proven pathways for open communication and collaboration opportunities. A pipeline of operational efficiencies, pain point interventions, best practices and strategies were brainstormed, co-created, and implemented across multiple workstreams. COVID arrived in March of 2020 and over the course of the next months to years the world changed. These changes were felt acutely, directly impacted clinical research, and specifically impacted imCORE sites, their patients, the network, and how it operates. Methods: This paper focuses on the Roche Sponsored clinical trial operational excellence aspects of the network. Data is collected from network sites related to pre and "post" COVID priorities and impacts. The data is then analyzed to produce best practice recommendations for oncology research sites and networks. Results: It highlights the direct impacts of COVID to a sponsored trial site network. This includes specific measures the network has taken to evolve to fit the needs of its sites and their patients and presents a pathway forward for site networks to consider in the new reality of COVID era clinical trials. Conclusions: COVID impacted and continues to impact clinical research sites and sponsored trial networks in significant and lasting ways. Site and network operations need to evolve to meet the needs of patients and staff in this new reality.

“Give each other grace”: using rehearsals to grow shared expertise in a community of teacher leaders

ABSTRACT Classroom-based teacher leaders assume a variety of roles including being a model of effective instruction and supporting others to improve instruction. However, some teachers may be reluctant to engage in novel pedagogies. In working with 34 experienced teachers in their final year of a teacher leadership fellowship, we developed a rehearsal activity toward the co-creation of principles for supporting reticent colleagues. Using thematic content analysis, we analyzed rehearsal scripts and subsequent discussion. We examined what their rehearsals revealed about their perspectives on supporting reticent colleagues and how rehearsals can be used to build knowledge for leadership practice. We found evidence that considering realistic scenarios through scripting and rich discussion was a useful approach for supporting emerging leaders. Teacher leaders drew on their expertise to collectively develop three guiding principles for supporting reticent colleagues. We re-envisioned rehearsals to leverage the knowledge of experienced teachers and identified four components of effective rehearsal for building networked expertise.

Perceptions of teacher leadership in the Arab region: A comparative analysis of three countries

This study compares teachers’ perceptions of teacher leadership in three Arab countries: Qatar, Oman and Egypt. Using the Teacher Leadership Inventory tool, the study examined the factors and demographic variables associated with teacher leadership in the selected countries. Specifically, the study explored the four factors identified by the TLI: Sharing Expertise (SE), Sharing Leadership (SL), Supra-Practitioner (SP), and Principal Selection (PS) and investigated if teachers’ perceptions of these factors would differ based on their country, gender and school type. Three sets of data were collected from the selected countries, and the respondents were teachers working in primary and middle public schools. Means, standard deviations, t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The results showed the overall level of teacher leadership to be moderate, with Sharing Expertise being the highest ranked factor, followed by Sharing Leadership, Supra-Practitioner and Principal Selection. The study also found both similarities and differences between the three countries. For example, the Qatari sample provided the highest scores on all TLI factors, followed by Egypt and Oman. Differences were also noted based on school type and gender. Implications emerging from the results are discussed and suggestions for improvement are provided.

Petroleum++: Envisioning the Future of SPE

The main values of SPE are providing our members with the latest advancements in all petroleum engineering technical disciplines and enabling professional development throughout their careers from university until retirement. This is achieved through the programs and services SPE offers to us, members, and evolves with the industry and technology. That necessitates that the SPE Board of Directors update the Society’s Strategic Plan as needed. Recently, updating the Strategic Plan has been done about every 5 years. The last exercise to that effect started in June 2022, and the final version was approved during the most recent Board meeting in January 2023. We engaged a consultant to help guide us through the process, and reached out to members in many ways to gather their feedback on challenges and future directions: - One-on-one virtual interviews with members of the SPE Foundation Board of Trustees, members, and chairs of SPE committees, industry members/key sponsors, academia, and SPE section leaders - Focus groups with members including past presidents, advisory councils, young professionals, and academicians - SPE Connect General Discussion community where questions were posted for member feedback - Online survey with mostly open-ended questions that was advertised to all members through JPT, monthly and publication newsletters, and on SPE.org - Session at ATCE where attendees could ask questions and make comments Here are the main results of this work. The entire Strategic Plan can be found here. The core purpose of SPE is to provide shared expertise, resources, and lifelong learning opportunities to fuel the success of our members and the future of the industry. Our mission is to connect a global community of engineers, scientists, and related energy professionals to exchange knowledge, innovate, and advance their technical and professional competence regarding the exploration, development, and production of oil and gas and related energy resources to achieve a safe, secure, and sustainable energy future. SPE is committed to these core values: - Technical Excellence and Professionalism—committed to innovation, lifelong learning, and the highest standards of professional conduct and expertise - Member Focus—consistently provide accessible, relevant resources to help members thrive in the ever-evolving energy industry - Global Scale and Local Relevance—leverage insights and resources to better serve members’ needs both globally and locally - Collaboration—dedicated to knowledge dissemination and exchange to solve complex problems through internal and external networking and volunteer opportunities - Diversity and Inclusion—a community that embraces diversity and inclusion as essential to the success of our industry and society - Environmental and Social Stewardship—leadership to achieve a safe, secure, and sustainable energy future SPE’s vision is to advance the oil- and gas-producing and related energy communities’ ability to meet the world’s energy needs in a safe, secure, and sustainable manner.

Addressing the Environmental Impact of Science Through a More Rigorous, Reproducible, and Sustainable Conduct of Research.

The pervasiveness of irreproducible research remains a thorny problem for the progress of scientific endeavor, spawning an abundance of opinion, investigation, and proposals for improvement. Irreproducible research has negative consequences beyond the obvious impact on achieving new scientific discoveries that can advance healthcare and enable new technologies. The conduct of science is resource intensive, resulting in a large environmental impact from even the smallest research programs. There is value in making explicit connections between the conduct of more rigorous, reproducible science and commitments to environmental sustainability. Shared research resources (also commonly known as cores) often have an institutional role in supporting researchers in the responsible conduct of research through training, informal mentorship, and services and are particularly well suited to promulgating essential principles of scientific rigor, reproducibility, and transparency. Shared research resources can also play a role in advancing sustainability by virtue of their inherently efficient science model in which singular shared equipment, technology, and expertise resources can serve many different research programs. Programs that elevate shared research resources, scientific rigor, reproducibility, transparency, and environment sustainability in harmony may achieve a unique synergy. Several case studies and quality paradigms are discussed that offer tools and concepts that can be adapted whole or in part by individual shared research resources or research-intensive institutions as part of an overall program of sustainability.

Seed Capital and Performance: Reflections and Way Forward for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Kenya

The study aimed at investigating the effect of seed capital on performance of micro, small and medium enterprises by reviewing related extant conceptual, theoretical and extant empirical literature. The study underpinning theories were; resource-based view, pecking order theory and theory of asymmetric information. The study employed literature review methodology. Based on the review of empirical research, it was concluded that seed capital contributes into developing a particular financing environment; where MSMEs can obtain angel capital from angel investors as well as equity capital from shareholders and crowdfunding, at the seed stage. More so, seed capital has an effect on performance of MSMEs supporting studies that found a positive effect. The seed capital, MSME uses to start a business, commonly comes from angel investors, owners’ equity and crowdfunding. The paper recommends that MSMEs; first, need to obtain financing, obtain shared expertise and technical expertise from angel investors, should guarantee complete control through use of equity capital to preserve control and independence as they provide for reinvesting part of their profits.

How Did They Get There? What Perspectives From the Top Tell Us About Developing Women Leaders in Academic Anesthesiology.

How Did They Get There? What Perspectives From the Top Tell Us About Developing Women Leaders in Academic Anesthesiology.

A lifetime of proper chewing: oral health and quality of life

Being able to chew properly is crucial to a good quality of life. This, in turn, is based on good oral health. This not only applies to healthy people, but also to those who are vulnerable. To achieve this good oral health, the authors of this opinion paper argue for more integration of medical and dental education, in order to promote shared expertise and, thus, interprofessional collaboration. It is expected this will ultimately benefit both general health and oral health for everyone.

A Meeting of Minds

Rejuvenation will be an important theme at the 102nd TRB Annual Meeting in January 2023. Global industry professionals are set to share expertise and provide insight that will help equip all areas of the transportation industry for the future

The disambiguation of people names in biological collections.

Scientific collections have been built by people. For hundreds of years, people have collected, studied, identified, preserved, documented and curated collection specimens. Understanding who those people are is of interest to historians, but much more can be made of these data by other stakeholders once they have been linked to the people's identities and their biographies. Knowing who people are helps us attribute work correctly, validate data and understand the scientific contribution of people and institutions. We can evaluate the work they have done, the interests they have, the places they have worked and what they have created from the specimens they have collected. The problem is that all we know about most of the people associated with collections are their names written on specimens. Disambiguating these people is the challenge that this paper addresses. Disambiguation of people often proves difficult in isolation and can result in staff or researchers independently trying to determine the identity of specific individuals over and over again. By sharing biographical data and building an open, collectively maintained dataset with shared knowledge, expertise and resources, it is possible to collectively deduce the identities of individuals, aggregate biographical information for each person, reduce duplication of effort and share the information locally and globally. The authors of this paper aspire to disambiguate all person names efficiently and fully in all their variations across the entirety of the biological sciences, starting with collections. Towards that vision, this paper has three key aims: to improve the linking, validation, enhancement and valorisation of person-related information within and between collections, databases and publications; to suggest good practice for identifying people involved in biological collections; and to promote coordination amongst all stakeholders, including individuals, natural history collections, institutions, learned societies, government agencies and data aggregators.

Increasing Faculty Resources and Student Capacity Through Shared Faculty Expertise.

The ongoing nurse faculty shortage has resulted in a need for schools of nursing to become both innovative and creative in their approach to nursing education. A literature review revealed some schools of nursing across the United States are sharing faculty for undergraduate and pre-licensure nursing programs. The purpose of this pilot project was to explore the effectiveness of a shared faculty content expert in a live-streamed lecture modality to improve nursing schools' access to high quality specialty content. The feasibility and satisfaction of sharing a course and faculty between two independent schools of nursing were evaluated. An online synchronous format was utilized to share a mental health nursing course between two independent schools of nursing. Results indicated that theoretical classroom content and experiences can be shared and delivered synchronously among schools of nursing; however, challenges existed related to scheduling conflicts. Additionally, technology issues were found to negatively impact the student experience at times. Given the challenges identified in the project, an asynchronous content delivery modality may be a more advantageous option. Future research is needed to identify ways to mitigate the challenges experienced.

Encouraging healthier grocery purchases online: Arandomised controlled trial and lessons learned.

Online supermarket platforms present an opportunity for encouraging healthier consumer purchases. A parallel, double-blind randomised controlled trial tested whether promoting healthier products (e.g. lower fat and lower calorie) on the Sainsbury's online supermarket platform would increase purchases of those products. Participants were Nectar loyalty membership scheme cardholders who shopped online with Sainsbury's between 20th September and 10th October 2017. Intervention arm customers saw advertisement banners and recipe ingredient lists containing healthier versions of the products presented in control arm banners and ingredient lists. The primary outcome measure was purchases of healthier products. Additional outcome measures were banner clicks, purchases of standard products, overall purchases and energy (kcal) purchased. Sample sizes were small due to customers navigating the website differently than expected. The intervention encouraged purchases of some promoted healthier products (spaghetti [B=2.10, p<0.001], spaghetti sauce [B=2.06, p<0.001], spaghetti cheese [B=2.45, p=0.001], sour cream [B=2.52, p<0.001], fajita wraps [B=2.10, p<0.001], fajita cheese [B=1.19, p<0.001], bakery aisle products (B=3.05, p=0.003) and cola aisle products [B=0.97, p<0.002]) but not others (spaghetti mince, or products in the yogurt and ice cream aisles). There was little evidence of effects on banner clicks and energy purchased. Small sample sizes may affect the robustness of these findings. We discuss the benefits of collaborating to share expertise and implement a trial in a live commercial environment, alongside key learnings for future collaborative research in similar contexts.

‘Sharing expertise with the public’: The production of communicability and the ethics of media dialogical networking

This paper examines two controversies implicating psychiatrists in order to shine a light on the ethics of experts’ media dialogical networking. Employing a dual approach to discourse underpinned by membership categorisation and narrative analysis, and making a corresponding distinction between communicability as reportability and as tellability, I show that MDNs are not just sequences of arguments and counter-arguments, but also sequences of happenings that redefine situations and reposition actors. In the cases examined, each expert is accused of inappropriate behaviour – public talk unbecoming of experts. I reconstruct the interactive negotiations around communication ethics between experts and journalists in interviews and show how these interactions and the distributed reactions they provoked elsewhere in the controversy-related MDNs were narrativised in summarising news reports and interview introductions, positioning experts more as protagonists than as category incumbents. Taking media dialogical networking as social practice and performative discursive repertoire, I show how its dual – narrative-routine – performance involves trade-offs between reportability and tellability, rendering problematic any simple rule covering experts’ voice entitlements, i.e. knowing when, where and how it is appropriate to offer a professional opinion. The public conversation about mental illness, however, is enriched by these imbrications.

A novel class of small tRNA-like noncoding transcripts arising from the human NEAT1-MALAT1 region critically influences innate immunity and angiogenesis

Abstract Background The evolutionary conserved NEAT1-MALAT1 gene cluster encounters high interest in cardiovascular medicine and oncology. The cluster generates large primary transcripts which remain nuclear, whereas novel tRNA-like transcripts (mascRNA, menRNA) enzymatically generated from these precursors translocate to the cytosol. We previously found that NEAT1 and MALAT1 deficient mice display accelerated atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation due to immune dysfunctions. Methods While the previously investigated mice were deficient in the entire NEAT1 or MALAT1 locus, here we aimed to selectively disrupt only tRNA-like transcripts “menRNA” arising from NEAT1, or “mascRNA” arising from MALAT1. To none of these a biological function has been assigned so far. Both lncRNAs give rise to transcripts of vastly different size (NEAT1: 23kb MENb, 3.7kb MENe, 59nt “menRNA”; MALAT1: 8.3 kb primary, 59nt “mascRNA”), and traditional knockout methods are unable to selectively inactivate one of the small transcripts only. Through CRISPR/Cas9 editing we therefore developed human monocyte-macrophage cell lines with short deletions in the respective tRNA-encoding sequences to disrupt normal menRNA or mascRNA formation, respectively. These editing procedures do not affect transcription of the respective lncRNA parent transcripts, and also not disturb regular formation of the triple-helix structures at their 3'-ends which support stabilization of the respective lncRNAs (Fig. 1). Results We found the tRNA-like transcripts menRNA and mascRNA critically influence innate immunity and angiogenesis. In addition to common anomalies resulting from their selective CRISPR-Cas9 mediated deletion (Fig. 1), there are specific disturbances associated with either Δmasc or Δmen cells (Fig. 2). Both ΔmascRNA and ΔmenRNA human monocytes show profoundly altered ribosomal RNA/protein and tRNA-modifying enzyme expression, display anomalous growth/ angiogenetic factor expression, fundamentally change angiogenetic patterns in co-cultures with human endothelial cells, and have gravely disturbed innate immune responses (LPS, DNA and RNA viruses) (Fig. 1). CRISPR-engineered ΔmenRNA cells share remakable similarities with human post-MI PBMCs, suggesting the NEAT1-menRNA system may significantly contribute to post-MI residual inflammatory risk despite optimal standard therapy (Fig. 2). Conclusions Beyond prior work in knockout mice documenting immune function of the NEAT1-MALAT1 cluster, the current study identifies menRNA and mascRNA as important novel components of human innate immunity with relevance for angiogenetic processes. These data provide a second mechanistic link for the apparent relevance of the NEAT1-MALAT1 gene cluster in cardiovascular and malignant diseases. As prototypes of a novel class of small noncoding RNAs (distinct from miRNAs and siRNAs) they may constitute cytosolic therapeutic targets. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): DZHK Shared Expertise Project/B19-006_SE/FKZ 81X2100257/Transcriptome analysis of circulating immune cells to improve the assessment of prognosis and the response to novel anti-inflammatory treatments after myocardial infarction Figure 1. Common anomaliesFigure 2. Specific anomalies