Shape Social Reality Research Articles

Analysis of the Critical Discourse of Richard Eliezer's Confession After the Verdict in the Rosi Program on Kompas TV

Background. Richard Eliezer's confession after the verdict in the Rosi program on Kompas TV attracted public and media attention. This confession contains complex dimensions in terms of legal, social, and psychological aspects that deserve further analysis. The discourse that occurs in this program reflects the dynamics of power and ideology that influence public perception. Purpose. This research aims to analyze the critical discourse of Richard Eliezer's confession after the verdict in the Rosi program on Kompas TV. This analysis will explore how the language and narratives used by Richard Eliezer and the program presenters shape public perception of his case and identify the ideology and power operating behind the discourse. Method. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. The method of analysis in this research is description and interpretation. The data of this research is taken from the discourse of the news video of Richard Eliezer's expression after the verdict of the murder of Brigadier Yoshua. Results. The results showed that Richard Eliezer's confession was structured with language that sought to construct his image as a victim and seek public sympathy. The program presenter played an important role in reinforcing this narrative through empathetic and supportive questions. The ideologies identified in this discourse include attempts to redefine justice and challenge existing power structures. Conclusion. That the discourse in the Rosi program related to Richard Eliezer's confession after the verdict shows efforts to reconstruct self-image through the strategic use of language and narrative. The discourse not only reflects the power and ideology operating but also directs public opinion towards a particular interpretation of justice. This analysis provides a deeper understanding of how the media can influence perceptions and shape social reality.

Atrocity in Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale: A Critical Discourse Approach

This paper examines the discursive tactics employed in The Handmaid's Tale to (re)produce social reality. Using critical discourse analysis, the study reveals the ideological polarization between a favorable self-presentation and a negative portrayal of the other. Through the analysis of excerpts and the application of Van Dijk's framework, the pervasive use of discursive techniques is uncovered, emphasizing the ideological division between a positive self-portrayal and a negative depiction of the other. Pronouns and adjectives play a crucial role in conveying optimistic self-representations and pessimistic other representations, highlighting the characters' struggle against the inherent sexism and patriarchy within legal systems. The findings demonstrate the significance of polarization, lexicalization, positive and negative representation tactics, and the proximity of contrasting stages, illustrating the tension between the individual and society. Considering these results, the paper recommends fostering awareness and critical analysis of discursive tactics, promoting diverse narratives to cultivate empathy and understanding, encouraging dialogue and critical engagement, and actively addressing and challenging gender inequality. These recommendations aim to deepen our understanding of how discursive tactics shape social reality and promote a more equitable and inclusive society. By recognizing and interrogating these discursive strategies, individuals can navigate and challenge the manipulation of language and narrative. The study's insights contribute to a broader understanding of the underlying gender inequality and societal tensions portrayed in The Handmaid's Tale, shedding light on the power dynamics and systemic oppression present in society.

Analysis of Symbolic Interactionism on Mbayar Tukon Marriage Tradition in Sumurarum Village, Grabag District, Magelang Regency

Mbayar Tukon tradition is a cultural practice of marriage that is still preserved in Sumurarum Village, Grabag District, Magelang Regency. In this study, Herbert Blumer's Symbolic Interactionism theory is applied to understand the meaning, interpretation, and social interaction associated with this tradition. Through a qualitative approach using in-depth interviews and participatory observation, data was collected from tukon givers and receivers as well as local community leaders. The results of the analysis show that the Mbayar Tukon tradition is not only a material act, but also has a deep symbolic meaning in the context of marriage and local culture. The interaction between individuals in this tradition strengthens their identity in society, as well as deepening social relations between families and communities. This tradition also plays a role in shaping social reality and maintaining cultural heritage in Sumurarum Village. Thus, the application of Herbert Blumer's Symbolic Interactionism theory provides a deeper understanding of the role of the Mbayar Tukon tradition in shaping identity, social relations, and social reality in the context of the local community of Sumurarum Village, Grabag District, Magelang Regency.

The Ambiguous Nature of Children's Work in Socialist Yugoslavia: An Analysis Based on Children's Magazine Pionirski List

Abstract: Drawing on the educational role ascribed to work in children's upbringing, the article analyzes children's work and its many ambiguities as presented in children's magazine Pionirski list [Pioneers magazine ] in socialist Yugoslavia. The magazine featured content for children, about children, as well as contributions produced by children themselves, telling how they experienced different forms of work in their everyday lives. Most notably, Pionirski list addressed children as self-managing pioneers actively participating in shaping social reality, and at the same time it was only yet building and reproducing a construct of the child as a self-managing pioneer and future self-managing worker in line with Yugoslavia's third way of socialism. Although Yugoslavia was consolidating schooling as the child's main obligation and breaking with exploitative child labor, it promoted a social organization centered on productive and socially useful work that included children as well. It built on Marxist notions of self-determined work, yet the understanding of work as inseparable from life also related to the ethos of the agricultural society's domestic economy. After breaking with the USSR, Yugoslavia embraced worker self-management as a so-called third way to socialism. All these various aspects of work fed into the educational value ascribed to work in childhood and placed it in a mutually constructive relationship with play and leisure rather than as their opposite.

Sztuka jako potrzeba kształtowania pozytywnych zmian w przestrzeni społecznej

Nowadays we live in an unfavorable multicultural reality that generates a number of difficult situations that society must constantly get used to. This reality requires constant adaptation to it, causing various attitudes and behaviors. The main good for the entire society is the acquisition of appropriate skills and dispositions, so that the everyday world becomes possible to carry out everyday tasks. In search of the positive patterns of behavior and conditions for the desired changes, art becomes helpful, the value and potential of which can contribute to modeling reality and social attitudes. Performing its social and educational functions, art significantly revitalizes social space, it just needs to be given a chance to do so. The aim of the research was an attempt to show the possibility of changes in the life of an individual, his/her attitudes, and in the social space under the influence of the presence of art. In the adopted orientation of qualitative research, such methods of data acquisition as free-targeted interviews and analysis of the content of the subject literature were used. An important method was also the opinion of artists/experts. The results of the research were presented in the form of the respondents’ statements, which show that the respondents mostly perceive the social and educational functions of art and are able to locate them in the space of social change. By fulfilling its artistic and, above all, social and educational functions, it allows for changes in the everyday functioning of a person, the implementation of his/her attitudes, and the perception of the need to shape social reality through positive own activity. Art is conducive to building social awareness, which contributes to compensating the area of social life. Reaching the recipient, not only allows them to become interested in it but also awakens their sensitivity and willingness to introduce the proposed solutions into everyday social life. It has an integrating and revitalizing function.

김정은 통치이념과 담론

This study aims to examine the ruling ideology of Kim Jong-un in North Korea, specifically focusing on the element of “manipulation” within his ruling discourse. To achieve this goal, the study employs Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), a theoretical trend that highlights the importance of language use in shaping social reality. The study operates on the premise that the North Korean regime is characterized by totalitarianism, with power centralized around Supreme Leader Kim Jong-un. As a result, the governing ideology is produced and distributed uniformly through propaganda.
 The analysis concentrates on the ruling discourse during the Kim Jong-un period, and uses editorials and articles published in the Rodong Sinmun from January 2021 to April 2023 as primary data sources. The content of these articles is classified into macroscopic and microscopic aspects, with an emphasis on identifying the expression methods and manipulation techniques used to control public thinking and attitudes.
 The results of the discourse analysis reveal that the ruling ideology during the Kim Jong-un period in North Korea is characterized by leader absolutism, collectivism centered on the leader, patriotism, and a utopian vision of equality, welfare, and human rights. However, with the faster spread of marketization, individualism and capitalist thinking have become prevalent in North Korea, making it challenging to control the public's thoughts with outdated governance discourse.
 The ruling discourse during the Kim Jong-un period elevates the people to a higher position while imposing more political, economic, and social duties and roles to induce loyalty. The development of this discourse appears to be a phenomenon that emerged as part of a system stabilization strategy, rather than a new change in the North Korean system. Ultimately, the ruling discourse during the Kim Jong-un period is a manipulated message of power that controls the thoughts of the people, legitimizes Kim Jong-un's authority and policies, and contributes to the maintenance and stability of the system.

KARMİK ADALET BİÇİMİNDE TOPLUMUN PARÇALANMIŞ AYNASI: AGATHA CHRISTIE'NİN AND THEN THERE WERE NONE ESERİ

Literature reflects and interprets the social structures, cultural norms, and power dynamics of the societies in which it is produced, making sociology and literature two fields that cross in many different ways. Studies of literature provide insightful analysis of contemporary social and cultural challenges. Nevertheless, the sociology of literature provides a framework for comprehending the intricate and dynamic connections between literature and society. We can better grasp how literary works can be utilized to analyze and critique the world around us by recognizing how they both reflect and shape social and cultural reality. Detective fiction often touches on a wide range of sociological issues and is an important genre that reflects the values, concerns, and anxieties of the societies in which they are written. One of the crime novels that best reflects social issues and karmic justice is And Then There Were None, one of Agatha Christie's most popular and enduring novels. It deals with issues that affect society such as justice, guilt, classism, racism, prejudice, redemption, and psychological trauma, revealing how society has degenerated.

KOPI-SENJA DAN INDIE: ANALISIS REPRESENTASI LAGU ‘TAK PERLU ADA SENJA’ DAN ‘KOPI, SENJA, DAN LOGIKA’

Song lyrics are an example of how music is a cultural tool that is used in society to shape social reality. Because there was no power relations from market demand during the industrialization of independent music, it became a counterculture. Indie music is a new lifestyle trend, especially for coffee lovers, because it frequently features songs with poetic lyrics about savoring the sunset as well as resistance. Fans of independent music cannot separate the three elements of dusk, coffee, and indie music. This study aims to examine how coffee-speech is portrayed in two songs with twilight themes. The formulation of the problem in this study is how the lyrics of the song 'Tak Perlu Ada Senja' sung by Suara Kayu ft. Fiersa Besari and the song 'Kopi, Senja, dan Logika' sung by the band Nosstress represent kopi-senja as a new term for indie music fans in Indonesia ?”. This research is a qualitative research through a textual/literary approach using Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotic analysis method. The author divides the song's text into two meanings, the signifier and the signified, using Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotic analysis. In conclusion, coffee and dusk go hand in hand with indie music. It turns out that coffee is a popular beverage among people who do more than just hang out in coffee shops. However, coffee has a positive energy that might inspire.

Memory, counter-memory and denialism: How search engines circulate information about the Holodomor-related memory wars

Search engines, such as Google or Yandex, shape social reality by informing their users about current and historical phenomena. However, there is little research on how search engines deal with contested memories, which are subjected to ontological conflicts known as memory wars. In this article, we investigate how search engines circulate information about memory wars related to the Holodomor, a mass famine caused by Soviet repressive politics in Ukraine in 1932–1933. For this aim, we conduct an agent-based audit of four search engines—Bing, DuckDuckGo, Google, and Yandex—and examine how their top search results represent the Holodomor and related memory wars. Our findings demonstrate that search engines prioritize interpretations of the Holodomor aligning with specific sides in the memory wars, thus becoming memory warriors themselves.

Modele procesu decyzyjnego w systemowej analizie decyzyjnej

Political decisions are an important factor shaping social reality. Since their consequences concern not only decision-makers, but, above all, individuals and social groups who are their addressees, studying them is important not only in the context of theoretical but also practical goals. One of the methods of researching political decision-making is decision analysis. In the article, which is a review, based on the literature on the subject, selected models of the decision-making process are characterized in terms of a system – an important stage of decision-making. The focus was on the following models: rational, incremental, bureaucratic (organizational) and activity within the program community.

Mendelssohn on the Edge: Memory, Agency, and National Belonging in Weimar Germany

Abstract In times of great political unrest and disorientation, societies generally invent and reinvent myths. As unrest and disorientation were among the most striking characteristics of the Weimar era, it is not surprising that the bicentenary celebrations of Moses Mendelssohn’s birth, held in 1929, constituted the peak of the Enlightenment philosopher’s popularity as a German-Jewish patron saint. This article argues that the commemoration of Mendelssohn on the eve of catastrophe, four years before the Weimar Republic’s collapse, serves as a particularly precise indicator of ambivalent German-Jewish agency at the time, due to its political, social, and cultural implications. Whereas the bicentenary celebrations—featuring the Republic’s most prominent representatives, state-of-the-art exhibitions, cultural events in prestigious locations, and extensive media coverage—attest to the considerable leeway German Jewry had in shaping social reality, the continuing absence of Mendelssohn in the canon of German poets and thinkers illustrates the limits of German-Jewish agency in the cultural imaginary of the German nation.

The Failure and Reality of Sublimation: Psychoanalytic Ontology and Revolution

Occupying a privileged position in psychoanalytic thought, sublimation—the process in which the sexual instinct becomes social—is notably undertheorized and notoriously criticized, to some extent as the embodiment of the methodology and politics of psychoanalysis. As a way of elucidating the concept, this article addresses political critiques of sublimation by situating it in Freud's metapsychology and elaborating its speculative theorization. Critics put psychoanalysis in the context of the power structures that it takes for granted as real to show that it imposes on the subject the failure to accede to reality and the failure of its desire—a double bind supposedly finalized by sublimation. In contrast, expositors of Freud's metapsychology draw on its positing of a more complex relation between failure and reality to assert sublimation as real and libidinal. Even as sublimation may be sexual by other means, however, it is premised on the libido's failure to shape social reality. Seemingly compromising it, sublimation's repetition of the condition it is supposed to solve in fact hints at a definition of reality beyond the reality it ostensibly upholds. Freud illustrates this in his analysis of Leonardo, which I reread to highlight sublimation as the realization of desire in its failure and psychoanalysis as reflecting a common sense of reality to embed in it, indeed realize through it, another reality bearing foreclosed desires.

REPRESENTATION OF ROMA IN LITHUANIAN ONLINE MEDIA: 15MIN.LT AND LRYTAS.LT CASE STUDIES

This study focuses on how Roma communities are represented in the Lithuanian online media. The aim is to answer the question of how news about the Roma is embedded in the broader practices of neoliberalism and racist discourses. Representation of the Roma in the media is inseparable from constructivism, power and influence. Roma communities have little opportunity to make their voices heard in society, i.e., their voice is not heard or represented in the media. Political representation of the Roma is particularly important due to the weak opportunities to participate in the formulation and decision-making of certain political decisions, both in the national and international context. It is assumed, that the negative and even stereotypical portrayal of the Roma in the media encourages a negative public attitude towards this ethnic group and has an impact on the (in)successful integration of the Roma into society. The aim of the research is to find out how Roma are represented on the online news portals 15min.lt and Lrytas.lt and to reveal how stereotypes are formed in relation with this national minority. The following tasks are used to reveal the aim of the work: to present the history of the Roma and the problems of their identity, to analyze the concept of Romaphobia, to present the theory of social constructivism and the role of the media in shaping social reality; to perform a qualitative analysis of the content of the news portals 15min.lt and Lrytas.lt: comparing how Roma perceptions are formed on these news portals and how different groups of actors contribute to constructing and maintaining stereotypes in the media/society. The qualitative analysis of the content revealed that the information, provided in the media, aims to portray the Roma as a threat to public security and to the local population, who experience socio-economic exclusion, who have different values and are reluctant to integrate. However, Roma are not given the right to self-representation because the unilateral narrative of the event dominates and the audience for which the report is addressed is too homogeneous. Manifestations of Romaphobia are observed in the news portals' discourse. It can be assumed, that this creates a negative value orientation for readers, as Roma is perceived as an “undesirable” ethnic group in Lithuania. However, the Roma themselves do not have effective means to make heard their “voice” and participate in public life in order to challenge the dominant negative images

O programa eleitoral em um plebiscito de divisão do estado do Pará e o uso do discurso patriótico para a construção simbólica do território e dos agentes envolvidos

Este trabalho discute a construção do discurso patriótico na representação do território e dos agentes dominantes em um programa eleitoral da campanha dos plebiscitos de divisão do estado do Pará. O programa foi exibido durante o Horário Eleitoral Gratuito de televisão, no ano de 2011. O estudo é alicerçado na teoria da Análise Crítica de Gêneros (BONINI, 2011, 2013 ), que enfoca os gêneros em termos de sua participação na configuração da realidade social e seu papel na manutenção de relações de poder assimétricas no contexto das práticas sociais. A abordagem também se vale dos aportes teóricos e metodológicos da Análise Crítica do Discurso, com base nos estudos de Fairclough (2008) e Chouliaraki e Fairclough (1999). Os resultados da análise evidenciam: o uso da identidade paraense tradicional e hegemônica para o alinhamento à posição não favorável à separação, somando-se ao elemento patriótico também o discurso do medo, o discurso militante e o discurso de usurpação. Ao cidadão pró-separação, é atribuída a imagem do “outro”, do “separatista”, em oposição a um “nós/a gente”, defensores do “Pará por inteiro”.

Visualizing narrative patterns in online news media

News media play an important role in shaping social reality, and their multimedia narrative content, in particular, can have widespread repercussions in the public’s perception of past and present phenomena. Being able to visually track changes in media coverage over time could offer the potential for aiding social change, as well as furthering accountability in journalism. In this paper, we explore how visualizations could be used to examine differences in online media narrative patterns over time and across publications. While there are existing means of visualizing such narrative patterns over time, few address the aspect of co-occurrence of variables in media content. Comparing co-occurrences of variables chronologically can be more useful in identifying patterns and possible biases in media coverage than simply counting the individual occurrences of those variables independently. Here, we present a visualization, called time-sets, which has been designed to support temporal comparisons of such co-occurrences. We also describe an interactive prototype tool we have developed based on time-sets for analysis of multimedia news datasets, using an illustrative case study of news articles published on three online sources over several years. We then report on a user study we have conducted to evaluate the time-sets visualization, and discuss its findings.

Representations of People with Disabilities in an Indonesian Newspaper: A Critical Discourse Analysis

In a contemporary society where language plays a significant role in shaping social reality, discourse is not value-free. In other words, language can be used as a powerful tool to establish and maintain particular sets of ideas or ideologies. Values and beliefs, as many have argued (Corker & Shakespeare, 2002; Harpur, 2012; Rapley, 2004) are the products of social constructions and are shared, maintained and reproduced through discourse. Given the powerful function of language to establish and maintain ideologies, this paper examines how disability is socially constructed, represented and maintained through the media discourse, particularly in The Jakarta Post's articles published and circulated in January 2013 to April 2014. This paper opens with a brief historical, empirical and theoretical review of disability. It then continues with a discussion of the findings of the study and implications of the representation of people with disabilities in the mass media. This study has revealed that people with disabilities, in an Indonesia mass media discourse, are discursively constructed with a thematic role of a patient/beneficiary which is evident through the syntactic construction and the extensive use of ableist terminologies. This subtle representation indicates that the contemporary Indonesian media mass discourse maintains the medical and charity models of disability.

Bioethical Principles Involved in the Informed Consent

The socio-political transformations occurred during modern times generated a radical shift in self-perception of individuals. They no longer see themselves as subjects. Religious and political paternalism have become extinct, and now people demand to be recognized as autonomous individuals capable of deliberation. The term, citizen, becomes stronger and they themselves ask to be heard and respected as active participants in shaping social reality. The practice of medicine is not indifferent to these processes and the atavistic model (the genetic condition that is inherited from past generations) which applies to the paternalistic, clinical relationship, where the professional, due to their qualifications and based on welfare, decided what was best for the patient, started to crumble. Now, the patient requires an active recognition of their autonomy, which entails a new way of exercising the clinical setting through dialogue and deliberation. This new patient-citizen initiative, which is subject to rights and duties, requires self-judgment in various medical scenarios that determine one’s health. In this scenario, informed consent arises, and although autonomy is often stated to be the principle behind it, which states that decision- making related to health must respect the subjectivity of the patient, it needs, as an integral process of other principals, generators of early duties in the other protagonist of the clinical setting: the clinician. Non-maleficence and justice constitute the framework that determines the limitations of the range of decisions to make, between professional and patient.

Justificación expansionista, papel político y gozo en las Jacintias espartanas

Resumen: En este artículo se trata el papel del santuario de Apolo Amicleo en la configuración de la realidad social lacedemonia, la expansión espartana por Laconia y Mesenia y en los acuerdos exteriores en el contexto del papel cívico del Amicleo. Asimismo, también se trata cómo estos hechos han afectado a la configuración de los ritos que tienen lugar durante las Jacintias.Abstract: This article goes into the question of the role of the sanctuary of Apollo Amyklaios in shaping social reality, the tradition of the conquest of Lakonia and Messenia and the foreign policy in the context of the civic role of the sanctuary of Amyklai. Furthermore, it is also about how these events have affected to the configuration of the rites that take place during the Hyakinthia.Palabras clave: Apolo Amicleo, Jacinto, Jacintias, expansión, construcción socialKey words: Apolo Amyklaios, Hyakinthos, Hyakinthia, expansion, social construction

When Do Theories Become Self-Fulfilling? Exploring the Boundary Conditions of Performativity

Management researchers increasingly realize that some theories do not merely describe, but also shape social reality; a phenomenon known as performativity. However, when theories become performative or even self-fulfilling is still poorly understood. Taking this gap in the research as our starting point, we develop a process model to show that new theories will only become self-fulfilling (1) if they motivate experimentation, (2) if experimentation produces anomalies, and (3) if these anomalies lead to a practice shift. On that basis, we identify six boundary conditions that determine whether theories will shape social reality. To illustrate our argument, we explore the conditions under which theories that postulate a positive link between corporate social performance and corporate financial performance may become self-fulfilling.

Choosing the right level of analysis: Stereotypes shape social reality via collective action.

In his 2012 book Jussim argues that the self-fulfilling prophecy and expectancy effects of descriptive stereotypes are not potent shapers of social reality. However, his conclusion that descriptive stereotypes per se do not shape social reality is premature and overly reductionist. We review evidence that suggests descriptive stereotypes do have a substantial influence on social reality, by virtue of their influence on collective action.