Shape Of Coronoid Process Research Articles

Morphometric anlaysis of mandibular coronoid, condyle and sigmoid shape using panoromic view for personal identification in south Indian population.

ObjectiveThe shape of the condyle, coronoid, and the intervening sigmoid notch is unique due to attachments and direction of pull of temporalis muscle, different chewing habits, hormones, etc. So morphometric variation of these mandibular landmarks can be used in individual identification.Material And MethodsThe study was carried out on 500 panoramic view images. Visual tracing assisted assessment of thousand sides (left and right) was done. Sexual dimorphism of left and right mandibular ramus parts (sigmoid notch bordered by coronoid and condylar process). The shape of coronoid process, condyle, and sigmoid notch were interpreted.ResultsThe most prevalent shape of sigmoid notch was wide variant (41.2%), condyle was convex type (50%) and coronoid was round (53.4%). Condyle and coronoid showed asymmetry between right and left with p-value 0.001 and 0.019, respectively. This study has illustrated that triangular-shaped coronoid was more in females (p-value 0.012).ConclusionSexual dimorphism is observed in the shape of the mandible due to masticatory activity at the point of insertion of temporalis muscle, biting force, hormones, and various genetic reasons. The results have exemplified that the morphometric variation of condyle, coronoid and sigmoid notch can be used as a tool for personal identification.

Morphological and Morphometric Evaluation of Mandibular Coronoid Process, Condylar Process and Mandibular Ramus in Jharkhand and Bihar Population

Background: Coronoid process of mandible gives attachment to temporalis and masseter muscles. The shape and size of coronoid process varies widely due to influence of many factors. Its shape has been described as triangular, hook shaped and rounded in various studies. Mandibular Condyle, is the part of the mandible that articulates with the temporal bones articular fossa and its appearance is influenced by various factors. The superior border of the mandible's ramus is formed by the mandibular notch and its contour is influenced by shape of the Coronoid process and the Mandibular condyle. Knowledge of these morphological variations is of great help to anthropologists, maxillofacial surgeons and forensic experts. Aim: Aim of present study is the morphological differences in Coronoid process, Condylar process, and Mandibular Notch in adult dry human mandibles in Jharkhand and Bihar. Material and method: 100 dry adult Mandible of known sex from the Department of Anatomy, Phulo-Jhano Medical College Dumka, Jharkhand and other medical colleges of Jharkhand and Bihar were studied. Shape of the coronoid process was visually assessed. Length of the coronoid process and mandibular process were measured by employing standardized method, using digital Vernier calliper. Results: The triangular (120) shape of the coronoid process was the most common among the 200 sides, with 72 (60%) on the right side and 48 (40%) on the left. The second was beak-shaped (68), with 36 (52.9 percent) on the right side and 32 (47 percent) on the left side, followed by the round shape (12), of which 7 (58.4%) were on the right side and 5 (41.6%) on the left side. Mean length of right and left side of coronoid process among male was 17.79 ±0.88 mm and 17.51±0.83mm respectively, while in females these measurements were 16.59±0.97mm and 16.33±0.68 mm respectively. Mean length of right and left side of mandibular condyle among male was 12.9 ± 2.13mm and 10.88±2.01mm respectively, while in females this value was 11.8± 1.67mm and 11.21± 1.75mm respectively. Average distance from the head of the mandible to the base of the mandible on right and left sides were64.22±5.77 mm and 64.05 ± 5.92 mm respectively. Similarly values for distance from the base of the mandible to mandibular notch were 46.32±7.21mm and46.24±8.49mm respectively and values for distance from the anterior border to the posterior border of the ramus of mandible were 30.48 ± 2.36mmand 30.31±2.32mm on right and left side respectively. Conclusion: Triangular shape of coronoid process was most common type seen in Jharkhand and Bihar population. This finding is similar to many other such studies. There was statistically significant difference between length of coronoid process and mandibular condyle of male and female. All these findings are of immense importance to anthropologists, maxillofacial reconstructive surgeons and forensic experts. Keywords: Morphology, Morphometry, Coronoid, Condyloid, sigmoid notch, Mandible.

Morphological variations of condyle, coronoid process and sigmoid notch in orthopantomograms of Kashmiri population: A retrospective study

Introduction: Radiographs play an essential role in forensic dentistry to uncover the hidden facts that cannot be easily noticed by regular physical examination. Maxillofacial radiography by means of Orthopantamogram is used as a routine screening tool6 in the diagnosis and treatment planning in various fields of dentistry and is found to be less expensive when compared to other advanced imaging modalities like CT, MRI and CBCT. In a panoramic image, different shapes of the coronoid process, condyle and sigmoid notch can often be appreciated and thus this radiographic data when available as ante mortem records and correlated with the post-mortem records can thereby aid in the identification of a person either living or dead.Aim of the study: To evaluate different morphological variations of the coronoid process, condyle and sigmoid notch, Using digital orthopantomograms for sex dimorphism and Variations between either sides of the individual. Material and Methods: 100 digital orthopantomograms were collected retrospectively from the archives of Department of oral medicine and radiology. The different shapes of the coronoid process, sigmoid notch and condyle were traced in computer using windows 10 paint software for both right and left sides. Results: Based on shape: Most common shape of condyle was Angled and Round. Most common shape of sigmoid notch was Sloping and Round. Most common shape of coronoid was triangular and Round Based on gender: There is no statistical significance between the shapes of condyle, sigmoid notch and coronoid process based on age.Based on variation on either side: Although they are minor variations on right and left sides of condyle, sigmoid notch and coronoid process, they are almost bilaterally symmetrical in morphology. Conclusion: The results elucidated in our study suggest that various shapes of the coronoid process, condyle and sigmoid notch depicted by means of panoramic images can thus be used as a quite easier and quicker method for identification of an individual especially in cases of mass disasters, provided when the ante-mortem records are preserved.

Variations in mandibular coronoid process-A morphometric treatise

Introduction: The Coronoid process is a triangular upward projection from antero-superior part of ramus of mandible giving attachment to two important muscles of mastication. Aims: The aim of our study was to observe the variations in shape and size of coronoid process and establish the morphometric profile in Indian population. Materials and Methods: The material for this study comprised of 500 adult human mandibles. The shape of coronoid process was observed and its height and length were measured. Results: Three variants of coronoid process were observed (round, triangular and hook) with incidence percentage 46, 42 and 12 respectively. The mean value of height and length of coronoid process came out to be 60.62 mm and 12.53 mm respectively. Conclusions: This morphometric treatise provides valuable inputs relevant for anthropological comparisons, forensic investigations and reconstructive procedures. Keywords: Mandible, Coronoid process, Rounded, Triangular, Hook.

Morphological Study of the Coronoid Process of Mandible in North Indian Population

Introduction: Morphological variations in coronoid process are produced by the corresponding developmental variations. The present study was conducted to assess morphological variations of coronoid process of mandible. Subjects and Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of Anatomy. It comprised of 100 subjects of both genders. All subjects were subjected to panoramic radiograph. The different shapes of coronoid process were compared. Results: Out of 100 subjects males were 50 and females were 50. Triangular shape coronoid process was seen in 32 males and 36 females, hook shaped in 14 males and 8 females and rounded shaped in 4 males and 6 females. The difference was non- significant (P> 0.05). On left side triangular shape was seen in 33 and 35 on right side, hook form was seen in 10 in left side and 7 in right side and rounded was seen 7 in left side and 8 in right side. The difference was non-significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found variation in shape of coronoid process. Most common type was triangular followed by hook variety.

Morphological study of various shapes of coronoid process of known sex in dry human mandible in Saurashtra region

Morphological study of various shapes of coronoid process of known sex in dry human mandible in Saurashtra region

A study of variations in the shape of coronoid process in dry adulthuman mandibles

Introduction: The coronoid process is one of the bony processes of the ramus of the mandible. It is a thin, triangular eminence, which is flattened from side to side. It varies in shape and size. The shape of coronoid process acts as an evolutionary marker. It is useful in anthropological and forensic studies. This study was undertaken to note the form of presentations of coronoid process and their incidence in the dry adult human mandibles. Method: The present study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore. A total of hundred adult human mandibles were included in the study which consisted of 62 male and 38 female mandibles. The shapes of the coronoid processes were studied bilaterally in all the mandibles and the incidence of the shapes were analyzed statistically in both male and female mandibles. Results: Three types of variations in the shape were evident. Triangular, hook shaped and rounded. Hook shaped coronoid process was found in 90 (45%) sides, round shape in 64(32%) sides and triangular in 46 (23%) sides. Conclusion: Knowledge regarding the morphological shapes of the Coronoid process is useful for the maxillofacial surgeons during reconstructive surgeries and can be used as a donor site for sinus augmentation. It is also useful in anthropological studies and in forensic dentistry.

Variation in shapes of coronoid process in human mandibles

Variation in shapes of coronoid process in human mandibles

Patterns of postnatal ontogeny of the skull and lower jaw of snakes as revealed by micro-CT scan data and three-dimensional geometric morphometrics.

We compared the head skeleton (skull and lower jaw) of juvenile and adult specimens of five snake species [Anilios (=Ramphotyphlops) bicolor, Cylindrophis ruffus, Aspidites melanocephalus, Acrochordus arafurae, and Notechis scutatus] and two lizard outgroups (Ctenophorus decresii, Varanus gilleni). All major ontogenetic changes observed were documented both qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative comparisons were based on high-resolution micro-CT scanning of the specimens, and detailed quantitative analyses were performed using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics. Two sets of landmarks were used, one for accurate representation of the intraspecific transformations of each skull and jaw configuration, and the other for comparison between taxa. Our results document the ontogenetic elaboration of crests and processes for muscle attachment (especially for cervical and adductor muscles); negative allometry in the braincase of all taxa; approximately isometric growth of the snout of all taxa except Varanus and Anilios (positively allometric); and positive allometry in the quadrates of the macrostomatan snakes Aspidites, Acrochordus and Notechis, but also, surprisingly, in the iguanian lizard Ctenophorus. Ontogenetic trajectories from principal component analysis provide evidence for paedomorphosis in Anilios and peramorphosis in Acrochordus. Some primitive (lizard-like) features are described for the first time in the juvenile Cylindrophis. Two distinct developmental trajectories for the achievement of the macrostomatan (large-gaped) condition in adult snakes are documented, driven either by positive allometry of supratemporal and quadrate (in pythons), or of quadrate alone (in sampled caenophidians); this is consistent with hypothesised homoplasy in this adaptive complex. Certain traits (e.g. shape of coronoid process, marginal tooth counts) are more stable throughout postnatal ontogeny than others (e.g. basisphenoid keel), with implications for their reliability as phylogenetic characters.

A study on coronoid process of the dry adult human mandibles

IntroductionThe coronoid process of mandible is of great clinical significance to maxillofacial surgeons for reconstructive purposes. Its variations can result in extremely narrow vestibular space, due to close proximity of the medial aspect of coronoid process to distal molar tooth. It is suitable for paranasal augmentation with the advantages of biocompatibility, availability and reduced operation time for harvesting. The knowledge of its variations is very helpful in anthropological and forensic practice. The present study was aimed to measure various dimensions of coronoid process and its variations in human mandible. MethodThe study was conducted on hundred dry human mandibles. Following parameters of coronoid process were studied: shape, width and height at its base and relation to the condylar process. ResultsTaking into consideration of both sides, the shape of coronoid process was hooked in 54.5%, triangular in 23.5% and rounded in 18.5% of the mandibles. Variant shapes were also observed like square (0.5%), hook & round (3%). The width of coronoid process on right side ranged from 13 to 28mm with a mean of 19.30±2.9mm and on left side ranged from 10 to 28mm with a mean of 19.1±3.08mm. The height of coronoid process on right side ranged from 11 to 27mm with a mean of 18.2±3.44mm and on left side ranged from 11 to 27mm with a mean of 18.0±3.36mm. Coronoid process was higher than condylar process bilaterally in 3 mandibles. ConclusionsThe morphologic and morphometric variations of coronoid process are clinically important for dental surgeons.

Anatomical Study of Various Shapes of Mandibular Coronoid Process in Relation to Gender &Age

The Coronoid process is the anterior bony projected part of ramus of mandible giving attachment to two important muscles of mastication. The aim of our study was to observe the gender wise and age wise variation in the shape of coronoid process. The material for this study comprised of 92 (184 sides) dry human mandibles from the osteology bank of Anatomy Department , S.C.B Medical College ,Cuttack . The age and sex differentiating criteria were detailed in materials and methods.Three variants of coronoid process were evident with triangular being the highest 46.73%, rounded 35.3% and hook 17.93%. The incidence of triangular coronoid process predominates in adults and old age of either sex. Rounded was the highest in young and second highest in adult and old of either sex. The hook shaped coronoid process was more in males and older age but absent in younger age group. This comparative study will be beneficial for the Anthropologists, Forensic scientists and Reconstructive surgeons. As far as our knowledge goes this is the frontier study in the Eastern Indian Population.

Reconstruct coronoid process of ulna with ilium-fascia lata complex tissue

Objective To analyze and explore the operative effect of coraccid process basilar part fractures combined injury of ligamental structure. Methods Use ilium-fascia lata complex tissue to reconstruct coronoid process of ulna and medial collateral ligament, recoverd anterior and wall horn anatomic structure of elbow joint. Total 9 cases of ulna coracoid process fractures concomitancy with elbow posterior dislocation . Among these one with olec-ranon fracture,five patients with head of radius fracture. Anterior trance joint approach was used,removal bone chips, restore defect with ilium-fascia lata complex tissue after cuting and trimming. Once reduction was achieved,fixed with screw. Repaird the collateral ligament and anterior joint capsule use the fascia lata, If there were combined fracture of the radius head or olecranon fracture,fixed through lateral approach,All injured extremities were treated with a posterior plaster splint with functional position for 3 weeks followed by elbow rehabilitation training. Results According to Moneys evaluation method,2 patients were classified as excellent ,5 as good,l as fair and 1 as poor. The excellent and good rate was 77. 8%. Two patients with gently ossifying myositis but no patients with wound infection,internal fixation loosening or break,elbow joint destabilizing orcorpus libemm. Conclusions Coracoid process basilar part fractures was simultaneous with the instability of osteal frame and soft tissue. To attain the favourable anatomical foundation for elbow joint functional recovery, it should rebuild the height and shape of coronoid process first and think highly of repair or rebuild medial collateral ligament and joint capsule. It reconstructed the coronoid process osteal frame and soft tissue instability at the same time to use ilium-fascia lata complex tissue. The operative procedure is simplify with reliability effect and fine functional rehabilitation. Key words: Elbow Joint; Ulna fractures; Bone remodeling; Fascia lata; Ilium