The concept of debonding for hybrid structures is promising due to its design and recycling complexities, but conventional debondable adhesives encounter limitations. This study introduced a novel shape-memory polymer fiber (SMPF)–reinforced debondable adhesive applied in the lap shear adhesive joint of aluminum substrates. Following a comprehensive characterization investigation of the SMP including new rememorization test, the SMPF was fabricated in an innovative, easy and cost-effective way. Compared with the conventional adhesive joint, this composite adhesive offered maximum adhesion strength 25% higher at room temperature, conversely, decreased 50% lower strength at high temperature by utilizing shape memory effect. It can be used for joining hybrid structures, which requires simple assembly.