Severe Impact Research Articles

The victims of the last great Bubonic plague epidemic in Ottoman Anatolia: dynamics of mortality by age and gender during the plague epidemic of Kastamonu (1836–1839)

ABSTRACT This study examines the bubonic plague epidemic that struck Kastamonu, a province in Northern Anatolia, between 1836 and 1839, offering a distinctive and thorough contribution to historical research on the plague within the framework of Ottoman studies. By employing rare daily death records, known as jurnal defteri, this research undertakes a quantitative analysis of mortality patterns during the epidemic—an approach rarely applied in Ottoman historical studies. The study investigates demographic details, analyzing the victims’ age and gender to uncover significant patterns, such as the particularly severe impact on younger age groups. Additionally, it compares mortality rates during the epidemic to those from non-plague-related deaths, providing a broader perspective on mortality dynamics and the overall demographic toll. This research bridges a critical gap in Ottoman plague studies by integrating statistical methodologies with demographic analysis. This approach helps to understand how such epidemics affected populations at a granular level. By focusing on an understudied region and time period, this study contributes novel insights into the social and demographic results of the plague in the Ottoman Empire. The findings underscore the epidemic’s profound impact on local communities, contributing to broader discussions on public health and mortality in historical contexts of Ottoman Empire..

Racial Injustice Against Blacks in the American Society as Represented in Wright’s Native Son

Racial injustice refers to the unfair treatment of a specific race in a community, which disadvantages one race. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the social consequences of systemic racism and identify the various types of racial injustices experienced by Black people in the 1930s, as depicted in Wright's Native Son. Qualitative and descriptive methods, as well as Lucien Goldmann's Genetic Structuralism methods, were used. The results showed various forms of racism, including prejudice, negative stereotypes, segregation, and social isolation. These types of injustice have had a severe impact on African Americans, as seen through the protagonist, Bigger Thomas, who represented the constant state of fear, uncertainty, and frustration inflicted upon Black people. By uncovering the different kinds of racial injustice, this study emphasized the importance of societal reflection and action in eliminating long-standing racial biases and injustices.

Principals’ Instructional Leadership in Teacher Professional Development and its Relationship with Students' State Examinations Performance in Bururi Province Schools, Burundi

Purpose: Students who sit for the state examinations in Bururi Province have recently posted unsatisfactory performance. This poor performance could potentially have a severe impact on the educational system and the subsequent transfer from secondary schools to higher education if it is not addressed. The goal of the current research was to explore the principals’ leadership in teacher professional development and its relationship with student’s performance in the state examinations in secondary schools in Bururi Province. Methods: The transformational leadership theory served as the foundation for the present study. The research design for this study was the correlational research design. The target population was public secondary schools in Bururi province and the study involved principals, teachers, and the provincial directors of education. The researcher used a purposive sampling technique to select 11 boarding schools, all the principals, and the 6 provincial directors of education in the study while simple random sampling was adopted to identify teachers who participated in the study. Principals’ and teachers' questionnaires, as well as interview guides for directors of education in Bururi province, were utilized for collecting data. For quantitative data, Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to identify correlations between the independent and dependent variables in this study. Qualitative data from the interview was analysed thematically. Results: The findings indicated that coordination of teacher professional development had a positive and significant relationship with student performance in the state examination. Conclusion: The study recommends that principals should strengthen activities related to instructional leadership in coordination with teacher professional development.

The effect of hand massage on fatigue in women with cancer receiving brachytherapy: randomized clinical trial.

This randomized controlled study was conducted to analyze the effect of hand massage on the fatigue level of the women receiving brachytherapy. It was determined that 12 patients were included in each group (control and hand massage group), so 24 women with gynecologic cancer were included in the study. The application was performed on each hand for 5min, a total of 10min in hand massage group. Hand massage was applied before each brachytherapy (at the first, second, and third sessions, a total of three times) every other day for 1week in the hand massage group. No intervention was performed to the control group during the study. The data were collected using the Patient Information Form and Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI). At the end of the brachytherapy, the fatigue severity score and impact of fatigue on activities of daily living scores of the group that applied hand massage were determined to be lower than the control group (p < 0.05). It was determined that hand massage effectively controlled fatigue and the impact of fatigue on activities of daily living. Hand massage is a safe and economical method that can be performed by certified nurses. This clinical trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06056713-09/21/2023).

Extremely low biodiversity Arctic intertidal habitats as sentinels for environmental change

The Arctic is undergoing dramatic changes, including an unprecedented decline in sea ice. Previous studies have shown the severe structuring impact of sea ice scour upon polar intertidal communities. A dramatic example of the influence of Arctic sea ice is the highly depauperate intertidal of Cambridge Bay (Iqaluktuuttiaq) on Victoria Island, Nunavut, Canada. Cambridge Bay intertidal is dominated by a single species of amphipod crustacean, Gammarus setosus, with rare examples of another amphipod, bivalve molluscs, and oligochaetes. Primary producers are limited to a thin algal film, with no macroalgae present shallower than 2 m water depth. This intertidal biodiversity has remained extremely low since it was first surveyed 70 years ago, however, the seasonal sea ice thickness has been in decline for over 50 years. Given the observed dramatic increases in biodiversity and biomass with decreased sea ice cover elsewhere in the Arctic and the presence of the Canadian High Arctic Research Station, we suggest that the intertidal of Cambridge Bay offers an ideal location for a low cost, low effort, and long-term monitoring of biodiversity change and tipping points that may be influenced by sea ice loss in the Arctic as part of a network intertidal monitoring stations.

Impact of polyvascular disease severity on acute heart failure prognosis.

Polyvascular disease, is a prevalent comorbidity among patients with acute heart failure (AHF). Previous research has shown that polyvascular disease is a poor prognostic factor in patients with heart failure. However, data on the relationship between the extent of vascular disease involvement and outcomes in AHF patients are limited. Using the National Inpatient Sample from 2016 to 2019, adult patients with AHF were stratified by number of diseased vascular beds and into heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The study assessed in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), mortality, cerebrovascular accident (CVA), and major bleeding. Multivariable regression models examined the association between outcomes and number of diseased vascular beds. This analysis included 652,710 patients hospitalized with AHF, of which 42.2% had disease of 1 vascular site and 57.8% had polyvascular disease. As the number of involved vascular beds increased, AHF patients tended to be older and with higher comorbidity burden. The mean length of stay and total hospital charge increased with a greater number of diseased vascular beds (p < 0.001). Moreover, the adjusted odds of MACCE, all-cause mortality, CVA, and major bleeding showed a significant increase with a greater number of diseased vascular beds (p trend < 0.001) with similar trends for patients with HFrEF and HFpEF. The extent of polyvascular disease involvement is associated with higher in-hospital adverse event rates in AHF patients. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive vascular assessment and targeted interventions to improve outcomes in this high-risk population.

Wildfire burn severity and post-wildfire time impact mechanical and hydraulic properties of forest soils

Vegetation contributes to the overall slope stability and is recognized as an environmentally friendly nature-based solution. Wildfires burn and denude vegetated slopes, thus increasing the risk of shallow landslides and debris flows. However, little attention has been given to assessing the effects of burn severity and the time elapsed since a wildfire on the hydro-geomechanical properties of burned slopes. This study performed a series of standard laboratory tests to evaluate the shear strength and saturated hydraulic conductivity (ksat) of forest soils collected from moderate-low (ML) burned, moderate-high (MH) burned, and unburned (UB) test plots. The plots were sampled one, four, and six months after the March 2022 wildfire in Uljin County, South Korea. The results show that the continuous deterioration of roots highly depended on the burn severity. The root biomass of ML- and MH-burned soils was consistently lower than those of the UB soils. The root deterioration reduced the shear strength of the soils temporally. The burned soil's cohesion intercept was 1.80–2.30 times lower than that of the UB soil six months post-wildfire, with the friction angle unaffected. One- and four-months post-wildfire, ksat of the burned soils was 1.22–3.15 times lower than the UB soil. Such lowered ksat was due to the fine ash-clogged pores and hydrophobic layers beneath the soil surface. However, six months post-wildfire, the burned soils' ksat increased by approximately twice that of the pre-wildfire condition because of macropore flow passages formed by impoverished roots. The appreciation of sand fraction, depreciation of fines content, and weakening of hydrophobicity over time have also emphasized their role in the temporal shifts in the properties of the ML- and MH-burned soils. The documented results herein can be incorporated into rainfall infiltration and stability analyses of wildfire-affected slopes, landslide susceptibility mapping, and mitigation measures design.

Ion-exchange induced multiple effects to promote uranium uptake from nonmarine water by micromotors

As the fundamental resource in nuclear energy, uranium is a sword of two sides, due to its radioactive character that could cause severe impact to the environment and living creatures once released by accident. However, limited by the passive ion transport, the currently available uranium adsorbents still suffer from low adsorption kinetics and capacity. Here, we report a self-driven modular micro-reactor composed of magnetizable ion-exchange resin and adsorbents that can be used to dynamically remove uranium from nonmarine waters. Because of the long-range pH gradient and phoretic flow established by the recyclable ion-exchange resin, the micro-reactor shows a fast uranium adsorption rate and reaches a uranium extraction capacity of 629.3mgg-1 within 10min in 30 ppm uranium solution, as well as good recyclability in repeated use. Numerical simulation result confirms that the phoretic flow and electric field accelerate uranium transport to the adsorbent. Our work provides a new solution for the removal of radioactive uranium with high efficiency.

A technical survey on practical applications and guidelines for IoT sensors in precision agriculture and viticulture

Climate change pose significant challenges to modern agriculture management systems, threatening food production and security. Therefore, tackling its effects has never been so imperative to attain sustainable food access and nutrition worldwide. In the case of viticulture, besides jeopardizing grape production, climate change has severe impact in quality, which has becoming more challenging to manage, due to the increasingly frequent fungal contamination, with consequences for relevant quality parameters such as the aromatic profiles of grapes and wines and their phenolic compounds. This has been leading to a reconfiguration of the wine industry geostrategic landscape and economy dynamics, particularly in Southern Europe. To address these and other emerging challenges, in-field deployable proximity-based precision technologies have been enabling real-time monitoring of crops ecosystems, including climate, soil and plants, by performing relevant data gathering and storage, paving the way for advanced decision support under the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. This paper explores the integration of agronomic and technological knowledge, emphasizing the proper selection of IoT-capable sensors for viticulture, while considering more general ones from agriculture to fill gaps when specialized options are unavailable. Moreover, advisable practices for sensor installation are provided, according to respective types, data acquisition capabilities and applicability.

The Existence of Sexual Violence Crime in Indonesia

This study aims to determine the existence of the sanctions of the sexual violence crime act called (TPKS) in various ways to provide preventive and repressive legal protection for victims of sexual violence. They are compiled using the normative method, which includes the study of laws and regulations, legal theories, opinions of experts, and other legal materials. Sexual harassment is an act that has a severe impact on victims, and the existence of the TPKS Law Number 12 of 2022 in Indonesia was formed as a legal umbrella effort and as an effort to renew punitive sanctions to follow up firmly on perpetrators of sexual harassment. The Criminal Code that has been amended and regulated in the Criminal Code Number 1 of 2023, which is explained in Chapter XV concerning criminal acts of decency, mainly regulated in articles 414 to 423 of the Criminal Code, has also not been able to provide complete legal protection for victims of sexual harassment. The Criminal Code also does not mention explicitly or explicitly the problem of sexual abuse. The result of this research is to provide explanation and legal protection for victims who are mentally disturbed due to the impact of sexual harassment and can provide punishment for perpetrators regardless of their status to create a deterrent effect for the perpetrators.

Impact of asthma severity on surgical outcomes in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis comorbid with asthma

BackgroundPatients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps comorbid with asthma often experience poor outcomes following endoscopic sinus surgery. ObjectiveThis study was designed to evaluate the impact of asthma severity on the long-term outcomes after surgery in these patients. MethodsEighty-three patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps comorbid with asthma who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery were prospectively enrolled in this study. Patients were classified into mild, moderate, and severe asthma groups based on their preoperative asthma severity. Clinical symptom scores, nasal endoscopy scores, and asthma control test results were recorded preoperatively, and at 1 year and 12 years postoperatively. ResultsSeventy-one patients completed the 12-year follow-up. All patients showed significant improvement in nasal symptom scores and nasal endoscopy scores. However, 48 of 71 (67.6%) patients experienced nasal polyp recurrence, and 22 (31.0%) of them underwent revision surgery. Patients in the severe asthma group had the highest rate of nasal polyp recurrence (P=0.02) and revision surgery (P=0.01), and the least improvement in smell disturbance (P=0.04) and general symptom (P=0.02) compared with the other asthma groups. ConclusionPreoperative asthma severity significantly influenced the outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps comorbid with asthma, in whom endoscopic sinus surgery had a long-term beneficial effect.

Sensitivity of major chronic diseases and patients of different ages to the collapse of the healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic in China.

This study evaluates the sensitivity of major chronic diseases to the collapse of the healthcare system for developing prevention and control strategies under normal and emergency conditions. Data for the years 2018, 2019, and 2020 (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19] pandemic) were curated from the National Disease Mortality Surveillance System, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention for diseases such as cancer, heart disease (HD), cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The yearly death rate change for 2018, 2019, and 2020 were calculated. Similarly, expected and observed death cases, 95% confidence intervals, and Z-score were calculated for the year 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic). Furthermore, linear regression analysis was performed to analyze a correlation between the median age of various groups and the mortality rate. The observed death cases for cerebrovascular, heart, and other chronic diseases, were more than the expected death cases (430,007 vs 421,317, 369,684 vs 368,957, and 302,974 vs 300,366) as well as an upper limit of 95% confidence interval. The observed death cases for COPD and cancer are less than the expected death cases (127,786 vs 140,524, 450,346 vs 463,961) and lower limit of the 95% confidence interval. The highest Z-score was noted for cerebrovascular disease (105.14). The disease impact of severity was CVD, other chronic diseases, and HD in descending order. The unexpected decline in deaths was found for COPD and cancers with Z-scores (-166.45 and -116.32). The severity of impact was CVD, other chronic diseases, HD, cancer, and COPD in descending order. The COVID-19 pandemic has also resulted in an increase in deaths of the relatively young population as shown by the difference in rate of slop. The healthcare system collapsed due to prevention, control measures and increased burden of COVID-19 patients, affected chronic disease treatment/management and as a consequence variation in death rates occurs in different chronic diseases. A marked increase in mortality was observed in cerebrovascular disease. The unexpected decline in deaths from COPD and cancers, and increase in deaths of the relatively young population suggests that there may be opportunities for improvement in chronic disease management.

Impact of modified atmospheres enriched with carbon dioxide on the survival, biological, and physiological aspects of Aleuroglyphus ovatus (Troupeau, 1878)

Aleuroglyphus ovatus (Troupeau, 1878), a prevalent mite within stored products, inflicts substantial economic and health risks. The use of fumigants and grain protectants as methods of stored grain pest management had resulted in resistance and environmental concerns, necessitating alternative strategies. This study explored the toxicity of modified atmospheres composed of CO2, as an environmentally friendly, residue-free, and viable disinfestation alternative. The mortality of A. ovatus increased significantly with an increase in either CO2 concentration or exposure duration. Complete adult mortality was recorded after 72 h of treatment with 95% CO2. The calculated LT50 value was 30.52 h under 35% CO2, and it decreased to 11.78 h under 95% CO2. Additionally, CO2 exposure led to changes in the activity of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes in A. ovatus, indicating its physiological adaptation mechanisms under varying CO2 concentrations and the impact of these changes on development and reproductive capacity. Enzymatic assays revealed a concentration-dependent decrease in superoxide dismutase activity and an increase in catalase activity. The detoxification enzymes, glutathione S-transferase, and carboxylesterase demonstrated adaptive upregulation. The development of A. ovatus was delayed, and its reproductive capacity was reduced under CO2 stress. Population parameters, including the net reproductive rate (R0) and intrinsic rate of increase (rm) were all significantly reduced under CO2 stress, with 35% CO2 showing the severer impact. The study concludes that CO2 can be an effective tool for pest management in stored products, with 35% CO2 showing potential as a more economical option for A. ovatus extermination.

Effective real-time transmission estimations incorporating population viral load distributions amid SARS-CoV-2 variants and pre-existing immunity.

Population-level viral load distribution, measured by cycle threshold (Ct), has been demonstrated to enable real-time estimation of Rt for SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain. The generalizability of the framework under different circulating variants and pre-existing immunity remains unclear. We obtained the first Ct record of local COVID-19 cases from July 2020 to January 2023 in Hong Kong. The log-linear regression model, fitting on daily Ct mean and skewness to the Rt estimated by case count, was trained using data from wave 3 (i.e., ancestral strain with minimal population immunity), and we predicted Rt for wave 5, 6 and 7 (i.e., Omicron subvariants with > 70% vaccine coverage). Cross-validation was performed by training on the other 4 waves. Stratification analysis by disease severity was conducted to retrospectively evaluate the impact of the changing severity profiles. Trained with the ancestral dominated wave 3, our model can accurately estimate whether Rt was above 1, with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.98 (95% confidence interval: 0.96, 1.00), 0.62 (95% CI: 0.53, 0.70) and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.88) for three Omicron dominated waves 5 to 7, respectively. Models trained on the other four waves also had discriminative performance. Stratification analysis suggested the potential impact of case severity on model estimation, which coincided with the fluctuation of sampling delay. Our findings suggested that incorporating population viral shedding can provide timely and accurate transmission estimation with evolving variants and population immunity. Model application needs to account for sampling delay.

The case for Dalit reparations

Abstract Research on caste to date has examined the largely contemporary situation of the ex-untouchables and descendants of the caste-enslaved in India, the Dalits, and made policy suggestions. This paper builds an argument based on historic origins and the evolution of the caste social structure and on how this longest surviving system of oppression continues to have a severe impact on the lives of the descendants. It not only provides a justification for why reparations are owed to this community and are necessary to bridge the social gap, but also looks at the various forms it could take, as a legislated policy of redress for an historic injustice.

Listening beyond words: understanding theory of mind in hearing-impaired children with different hearing loss degree

ABSTRACT This study investigated Theory of Mind (ToM) development in children with hearing loss, comparing children with mild-to-moderate hearing loss (MHL, n = 26), severe-to-profound hearing loss (SHL, n = 31), and typical hearing (TH, n = 53), aiming to explore the differences between the three groups and potential factor related to the ToM development in children with hearing loss. Participants completed the ToM scale and language assessments. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used to analyze group differences, while Pearson's correlation examined relationships between ToM, language, and background variables. Results revealed that both MHL and SHL groups showed delays in overall ToM skills compared to TH peers, with the SHL group exhibiting more substantial delays. The MHL group demonstrated delays only in hidden emotion understanding, while the SHL group showed delays from knowledge access through false belief and hidden emotion tasks. Language comprehension was significantly correlated with ToM skills in both hearing loss groups. Aided audibility was associated with false belief understanding in the MHL group. The study highlights the impact of hearing loss severity on ToM development and emphasizes the crucial role of language comprehension in ToM skills. Findings suggest the need for tailored interventions addressing language and communication challenges to support ToM development in children with hearing loss.

Avian raptors are indicator species and victims of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus HPAIV H5N1 (clade 2.3.4.4b) in Germany

Transition of highly pathogenic clade 2.3.4.4b H5 avian influenza virus (HPAIV) from epizootic to enzootic status in Northern European countries was associated with severe losses and even mass mortalities among various wild bird species. Both avian and mammalian raptors hunting infected debilitated birds or scavenging on virus-contaminated avian carcasses contracted HPAIV infection. This precarious pathogen-prey-predator relation further worsened when in 2021 and 2022 outbreaks in Germany overlapped with the hatching season of avian raptor species. Retro- and prospective surveillance revealed avian raptors as important indicators of HPAIV and its genetic diversity on the one hand. On the other hand, their role as victims of HPAIV is stipulated. The first case of an HPAIV H5N1-related death of a white-tailed sea eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla; WTSE) hatch in Germany, 2021, followed by several such cases in 2022, and a low overall seropositivity rate of 5.0–7.9% among WTSE nestlings, raised fears of a serious negative impact on reproduction rates of WTSEs and other birds of prey when HPAIV becomes enzootic in an ecosystem. However, comparably stable breeding success of WTSE in the study area in 2022 and a potentially evolving natural immunity raises hope for a less severe long-term impact.

Impact and predictors of severity of COVID 19 infection in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases: A single center study

Impact and predictors of severity of COVID 19 infection in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases: A single center study

Navigating the Pandemic: Insights into Food Security From Oman’s Experience

This study examines the influence of COVID-19 and climate change on food security in Oman using econometric methods. Time series data from 1990 to 2022 encompassing variables such as carbon dioxide emissions (CO2), real GDP per capita (RGDPc), inflation rate (INF), and a pre/post-coronavirus dummy variable (DUMV) are analyzed. The dependent variable, FOOD_Impit, serves as a food security proxy, with data sourced from the World Development Indicators and Global Food Security Index databases. The study employs Johansen cointegration, canonical cointegrating regression (CCR), fully modified least squares (FMOLS), to investigate the effect of COVID-19 on food security in Oman. Johansen and CCR cointegration tests confirm a long-term cointegrating relationship among the variables in Oman, indicating their relevance to food security. However, the analysis reveals that while climate change, represented by CO2 levels, significantly and adversely impacts food security in Oman, the effects of COVID-19, real GDP per capita, and inflation rate are statistically insignificant. In conclusion, this research provides valuable insights into the dynamics of food security and supply chains in Oman. It highlights the severe impact of climate change on food security and advocates for urgent policy reforms. Specifically, it recommends that policymakers focus on enhancing climate resilience within the food sector and invest in boosting domestic food production to reduce import dependency. The study also calls for further research to address potential omitted variables and refine the understanding of food security determinants in Oman, ensuring more robust policy formulation and implementation. JEL classification: F11, F15, F04

Deucravacitinib, an Oral, Selective, Allosteric Tyrosine Kinase 2 (TYK2) Inhibitor, in Patients With Moderate to Severe Scalp Psoriasis: Improvement in Scalp-Related Quality of Life and Symptoms in the Phase 3b/4 Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled PSORIATYK SCALP Trial

Introduction: PSORIATYK SCALP (NCT05478499)—an ongoing 52-week, phase 3b/4, multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial—assesses the efficacy and safety of deucravacitinib in patients aged ≥18 years with moderate to severe scalp psoriasis (Psoriasis Scalp Severity Index ≥12, scalp-specific Physician Global Assessment ≥3, scalp surface area involvement ≥20%, and body surface area [BSA] involvement ≥3%). We assessed Week 16 patient-reported outcomes using Scalpdex, a validated, scalp-specific quality-of-life instrument, and numeric rating scales (NRSs) for scalp-specific symptoms. Methods: Patients were randomized 1:2 to placebo or deucravacitinib 6 mg for 16 weeks, stratified by previous biologic use (yes or no) and body weight (&lt;90 or ≥90 kg). Changes from baseline in Scalpdex total score and NRS scores for scalp-specific itch, pain, and flaking were assessed with an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model with treatment and randomization stratification factors as fixed effects and the baseline value as a covariate. Scalpdex total score change from baseline was further assessed in BSA subgroups (BSA 3–10%, BSA &gt;10%), using an ANCOVA model with treatment as a fixed effect and the baseline value as a covariate. P values are nominal. Results: Mean baseline scores (placebo: n=51; deucravacitinib: n=103) indicated severe impact on quality of life (Scalpdex total score &gt;44.0) and moderate to severe symptoms (NRS ≥4.0). At Week 16, adjusted mean change from baseline (95% CI) in Scalpdex total score was greater in patients receiving deucravacitinib versus placebo (−22.3 [−26.1, −18.6] vs −10.5 [−15.7, −5.2]; P=0.0003). Changes from baseline (95% CI) in scalp-specific NRS measures were greater in patients receiving deucravacitinib versus placebo (itch: −3.2 [−3.7, −2.7] vs −0.7 [−1.4, 0.0]; pain: −2.1 [−2.6, −1.6] vs −0.1 [−0.8, 0.5]; flaking: −3.9 [−4.5, −3.4] vs −1.0 [−1.8, −0.2]; all P&lt;0.0001). In each BSA subgroup, patients receiving deucravacitinib versus placebo reported greater Week 16 change from baseline in Scalpdex total score (BSA 3–10%: −19.8 [−23.9, −15.6] vs −10.5 [−16.1, −4.9]; P=0.0096; BSA &gt;10%: −26.2 [−33.2, −19.3] vs −11.2 [−22.3, 0.0]; P=0.0263). Conclusion: Deucravacitinib was efficacious in improving scalp-specific psoriasis symptoms and quality of life. Furthermore, scalp-related quality of life was improved in patients receiving deucravacitinib in both BSA subgroups.