Several Methods In Order Research Articles

Dynamic Optimization for Mobile Edge Computing: A Comparative Study

Edge computing EC is an advanced technology where a server at the edge resource is allocated at the network’s edge, closely to end users, mobile devices, sensors, and the developing Internet of Things (IoT). To date, a large number application using edge computing concept has developed and equipped in the market. However, “Edge” refer to continuum network resources as well as computing; through cloud center of data and the sources of data. The Edge is not limited to request service or contents; it is extended to perform tasks like computing from the cloud. One main reason to get well acceptance to the research community is; the edge is able to offload computing, store the data, processing and caching, request distribution and service delivery to the user from the cloud. In this paper, extensive experiments are conducted which leads to a comparison of several methods in order to solve two problems e.g. Power Allocation problem using Non-Cooperative Game model based on sub-Gradient NCGG and Nertia-Weighted Particle Swarm Optimization PSO methods. Similarly, Joint Request Offloading and Computing Resource Scheduling JRORS using MO-NSGA and Binary article Swarm Optimization BPSO will explored to check their effectiveness and efficiency to our day to day computing operation.

Kuliah Kerja Nyata Untuk Meningkatkan Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Kegiatan Keagamaan di Desa Aek Haruaya Kecamatan Portibi

The understanding research aims to carry out activities to increase community participation in religius activities. This study uses qualitative researchusing several methods in order to obtain clear or broad information related to research. The results of the study show that comunity partisipation in religious activities can be increased through comunity service. This service is done to instill a sense of social in each member of the KKN group this is very necessary because it is one of the Tri Dharma of Higer Education that must exist in every student. That method used in this research is quqlitqtive method.

Photonic Applications for Restoration and Conservation of 19th Century Polychrome Religious Wooden Artworks

The present paper reports the multi-analytical approach for the removal of thick layers of metallic overpaints from a Brancovan iconostasis of the “Holy Trinity” church in Măgureni, România, which was built in 1694. After a restoration procedure at the beginning of the 20th century, the polychrome sculpture of the frame, which was initially gilded with a thin silver foil, was covered with a thick metallic overpaint layer imitating silver and gold. Currently, the conservation project of the church is focused on restoring the original aspect; thus, the overpainting that presented strong oxidation and soiling was removed. The adopted conservation methodology involved physicochemical characterization of the pictorial layers via optical microscopy, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, followed by the removal of the overpaints. The cleaning tests were performed by evaluating several methods in order to find the proper regime that would help preserve as much of the underlying polychrome layers as possible. Based on the tests, it was decided that the best solution was to use laser cleaning for the rough removal of the metallic paint overlayers and finalizing with chemical cleaning.

Aquavoltaic system for harvesting salt and electricity at the salt farm floor: Field test year-round operation results and power generation improvement strategies

In this research, we proposed a new concept for a solar system on a salt farm, where electricity and salt are produced simultaneously. In order to verify the concept, we installed a pilot system and demonstrated it for one year. We installed different types of PV modules for the system and tested the electrical properties, durability, and waterproofing of the modules. The electricity generation of the salt farm photovoltaic system is compared to land installed photovoltaic system for its feasibility. Also, computer simulation analyzed the installation angle, light loss, and cooling effect due to salt water and loss due to foreign substances. We found that the power generation by the year of the salt farm photovoltaic system is 9 percent less than that of a photovoltaic system installed on land. we also propose several methods in order to improve electricity generation by the salt farm photovoltaic system.

Mastery of English vocabulary trough pop up method

Mastering of vocabulary is part of mastering a language, especially English, because if someone mastered the language, it means that person mastering of vocabulary. In other words, the more vocabulary students have the easier for students to compose words and communicate well. Such as learning English they say that the main reason was found difficulties to understand the lesson and the solution to all of these problems was the teachers should make learning media as attractive as possible the can, so that they can attract students to make small notes for the vocabulary they get from media learning. Besides, the teacher can motivate students to be more active in adding new vocabulary trough pop up method. In this research using a qualitative method in which the process of research was observed the students vocabulary. In the results of this study was the weakness of vocabulary mastering in high school. Teachers also was implemented several methods in order to help students in the process of mastering words. Not only the Teacher, but also the researcher suggests several methods to be used so that students can easily understand English quickly.

Mastery of English vocabulary trough pop up method

Mastering of vocabulary is part of mastering a language, especially English, because if someone mastered the language, it means that person mastering of vocabulary. In other words, the more vocabulary students have the easier for students to compose words and communicate well. Such as learning English they say that the main reason was found difficulties to understand the lesson and the solution to all of these problems was the teachers should make learning media as attractive as possible the can, so that they can attract students to make small notes for the vocabulary they get from media learning. Besides, the teacher can motivate students to be more active in adding new vocabulary trough pop up method. In this research using a qualitative method in which the process of research was observed the students vocabulary. In the results of this study was the weakness of vocabulary mastering in high school. Teachers also was implemented several methods in order to help students in the process of mastering words. Not only the Teacher, but also the researcher suggests several methods to be used so that students can easily understand English quickly.

Double-diffusive convection in Jeffery–Hamel flow

In this paper, double-diffusive convection in flow of viscous fluid is investigated inside a horizontal channel. It has heated, inclined and rectangular plane walls. The upper wall has non-uniform temperature and variable species concentration. Note that the Jeffery–Hamel flow depends upon the radial component of velocity, whereas, the peripheral velocity is taken zero. However, the current simulation has been accomplished in view of new procedures and we dealt with two non-zero components of velocity. The problem has been described in a set of four PDEs and the relevant BCs, whereas, the whole set of BVP is taken in Cartesian Coordinates. A set of proper transformation is formed, which reduces the system of PDEs into a new system of ODEs. The system of ODEs is solved with the help of several methods in order to check the validity of the solution. An approximate analytical solution is provided for small values of inclination parameter. An accurate numerical solution of the modelled equations is also given. Moreover, skin friction, rate of the two diffusions are investigated for all different cases of assisting (opposing) and converging (diverging) flows. Thus, the current modelled problem perfectly describes the physical problems of real world in such special circumstances.

Empirical techniques for assessing rock mass condition

The relevance of the work is due to the existence of a large number of empirical methods for predicting the condition of a rock mass and the need to apply them at the design and operational stage of mining enterprises to minimize costs during construction and future maintenance. Research objective is to analyze and compare existing empirical methods for determining the strength and deformation properties of rock mass. Methods of research include the analysis, systematization and synthesis of existing empirical methods of rock mass condition assessment and their applicability to real-world sites. Recommendations for further application of empirical rock mass assessment methods in real-world conditions are determined by generalization of theory and practice, research results and analytical calculations based on the assessment of fracture formation in rock masses. Results. The main empirical methods such as Deere's method (RQD) of structural failure evaluation, the method relating strain rate to RMR rating system and the method relating strain rate to geomechanical classification of rock mass Q were found and chosen for comparison. Several types of rocks such as limestone, diorite, granite, basalt, tuff, andesite in different geotechnical conditions are chosen for comparison of the methods. Comparison of different empirical methods of rock mass condition assessment is carried out. Evaluations of each method are given. Ways of application of empirical research methods are recommended. It is concluded that it is necessary to apply several methods in order to get a more accurate picture of the rock mass condition. Recommendations for the initial assessment of the state of rocks are given. Conclusions. There are a large number of empirical methods of rock mass condition estimation. The results obtained by some methods for some types of rocks under different mining and geological conditions are very different from each other, this is due to the fact that the considered methods were created on the basis of different sources. It is necessary to take into account the stresses acting in the rock mass, which also influence the results obtained.

Cobb – Douglas Production Function: application experience in the North Kazakhstan region

In the conditions of the existing significant interregional imbalance of socio-economic development of regions, the issue of increasing the effectiveness of government decisions, including through forecasting, is of particular importance. The quality of such solutions is impossible without the use of modern methods of econometric modeling and information technology. Despite the considerable period of its existence, many scientists still consider the Cobb-Douglas production function to be a method that makes it possible to reliably display the opportunities and prospects of the economic component of the development of the region or its industrial sector. Within the framework of the study, the authors answer the question about the possibility of constructing an adequate Cobb-Douglas production function with static parameters to characterize the development of the North Kazakhstan region and its industrial sector. Empirically, both hypotheses were refuted. If in the first case one of the obtained coefficients did not satisfy our idea with its sign (it was negative), then in the second – using the least squares method, the parameters of the model were determined that did not satisfy the purpose of the study. The choice of the model is not accidental. If its development is successful, its application would make it possible to provide local authorities with a convenient, accessible and understandable tool for analysis and forecasting. However, the results obtained during the study indicate that it is necessary to consider other variations of the production function, and possibly other econometric methods and models, to synthesize several methods in order to develop an adequate model of the economic development of the region and the industrial complex of the region.

Identification and quantification of phenolic compounds in fresh and processed table olives of cv. ‘Kalamata’

Mediterranean diet is almost synonymous to the healthy lifestyle and diet nowadays. Some of the major components of the diet are the products of the olive tree, fruits and olive oil, which are classified as medical foods, due to their nutraceutical benefits and their protective properties against cancer, cardiovascular diseases, age-related diseases, neurodegenerative disorders and other diseases. The key contributors to these properties are the phenolic compounds such as hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol and oleuropein. Table olives are being processed with several methods in order to reduce the bitterness of the olive fruit and the impact of the processing on phenolic compounds has not been studied extensively. In the present study, changes in the concentration of the most important phenolic compounds were quantified in fresh, Greek-style and Spanish-style processed olive fruits of cv. ‘Kalamata’, using two different analytical methods for identification and quantification: high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-(ESI)-MS/MS). The phenolic compounds that were identified and quantified were hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, verbascocide, rutin, oleuropein and luteolin. Both processing methods used altered the phenolic compounds concentration in ‘Kalamata’ olive fruits compared to untreated fruits. In both analytical methods, a statistically significant increase in verbascoside and hydroxytyrosol concentration and a statistically significant decrease in rutin concentration was observed in both, Greek-style and Spanish-style, processed olive fruits.

Software Sensors for Order Tracking Applied to Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator Diagnostics: A Comparative Study

The paper deals with software sensors which facilitates the diagnosis of electrical machines in non-stationary operating conditions. The technique targeted is order tracking for which different techniques exist to estimate the speed and angle of rotation. However, from a methodological point of view, this paper offers a comparison of several methods in order to evaluate their performance from tests on a test bench. In addition, to perform the tests, it is necessary to initialize the different methods to make them work correctly. In particular, an identification technique is proposed as well as a way to facilitate initialization. The example of this paper is that of a synchronous generator. Angular sampling allows the spectrum to be stationary and the interpretation of a possible defect. The realization of the angular sampling and the first diagnostic elements require the knowledge of two fundamental quantities: the speed of rotation and the angular position of the shaft. The estimation of the rotation speed as well as the estimation of the angular position of the shaft are carried out from the measurement of an electric current (or three electric currents and three voltages). Four methods are proposed and evaluated to realize software sensors: identification technique, PLL (Phase Locked Loop), Concordia transform and an observer. The four methods are evaluated on measurements carried out on a test bench. The results are discussed from the diagnosis of a mechanical fault.

Improvement in the properties of silica-reinforced natural rubber with the sustainable interfacial modifier: Effect of molecular weight and content of interfacial modifier

Silica is the most reinforcing filler for enhancing the rubber properties. However, the incompatibility of silica with non-polar rubber is the main problem for application. Therefore, the researchers attempted to use the several methods in order to solve the problem. In this work, the appropriated hydroxyl telechelic natural rubber (HTNR) was determined by varying molecular weights in the range of 2,000-3,000 g·mol-1 and contents in the range of 4-16%w/w of silica content in order to enhance the rubber properties. It was found that the decrease in Payne effect and the improvement in cure characteristics of silica-reinforced NR were achieved by using HTNR. However, the incorporation of various molecular weights and contents of HTNR in rubber influenced C1 (crosslink density determined by stress-strain measurement) in rubber, which related to rubber properties. The increasing in C1 caused the increases in tensile strength and abrasion index and the decrease in heat build-up. The optimum properties of rubber with silica loading at 30 phr was achieved by adding 2,000 g·mol-1 HTNR at a loading of 8%w/w of silica content. However, for silica-reinforced NR, TESPT provided better properties than HTNRs.

Encapsulation of Essential Oils for the Development of Biosourced Pesticides with Controlled Release: A Review.

Essential oil (EO) encapsulation can be carried out via a multitude of techniques, depending on applications. Because of EOs’ biological activities, the development of biosourced pesticides with EO encapsulation is of great interest. A lot of methods have been developed; they are presented in this review, together with the properties of the final products. Encapsulation conserves and protects EOs from outside aggression, but also allows for controlled release, which is useful for applications in agronomy. The focus is on the matrices that are of interest for the controlled release of their content, namely: alginate, chitosan, and cyclodextrin. Those three matrices are used with several methods in order to create EO encapsulation with different structures, capacities, and release profiles.

“Lifelong learning Ecologies: Linking formal and informal contexts of learning in the digital era”

An introduction is presented in which the editors discuss articles in the issue on topics including lifelong learning, informal education and social media in education.

An efficient SAT formulation for learning multiple criteria non-compensatory sorting rules from examples

The literature on Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) proposes several methods in order to sort alternatives evaluated on several attributes into ordered classes. Non-Compensatory Sorting models (NCS) assign alternatives to classes based on the way they compare to multicriteria profiles separating the consecutive classes. Previous works have proposed approaches to learn the parameters of an NCS model based on a learning set. Exact approaches based on mixed integer linear programming ensure that the learning set is best restored, but can only handle datasets of limited size. Heuristic approaches can handle large learning sets, but do not provide any guarantee that the inferred model is the one that best matches the input data. In this paper, we propose an alternative formulation to learn an NCS model. This formulation, based on a SAT problem, guarantees to find a model fully consistent with the learning set (whenever it exists), and is computationally much faster than existing exact MIP approaches.

Comparison of optical methods for surface roughness characterization

We report a study of the correlation between three optical methods for characterizing surface roughness: a laboratory scatterometer measuring the bi-directional reflection distribution function (BRDF instrument), a simple commercial scatterometer (rBRDF instrument), and a confocal optical profiler. For each instrument, the effective range of spatial surface wavelengths is determined, and the common bandwidth used when comparing the evaluated roughness parameters. The compared roughness parameters are: the root-mean-square (RMS) profile deviation (Rq), the RMS profile slope (Rdq), and the variance of the scattering angle distribution (Aq). The twenty-two investigated samples were manufactured with several methods in order to obtain a suitable diversity of roughness patterns.Our study shows a one-to-one correlation of both the Rq and the Rdq roughness values when obtained with the BRDF and the confocal instruments, if the common bandwidth is applied. Likewise, a correlation is observed when determining the Aq value with the BRDF and the rBRDF instruments.Furthermore, we show that it is possible to determine the Rq value from the Aq value, by applying a simple transfer function derived from the instrument comparisons. The presented method is validated for surfaces with predominantly 1D roughness, i.e. consisting of parallel grooves of various periods, and a reflectance similar to stainless steel. The Rq values are predicted with an accuracy of 38% at the 95% confidence interval.

Melt sonoquenching: an Affective Process to Obtain New Hybrid Material and Achieve Enhanced Electrochromic Performances Based on V2O5/2,4,5-tris(1-methyl-4-pyridinium)-imidazolide Tetrafluoroborate Nanofibers

Hybrid electrochromic materials are a very important class of compounds, because they enable new and/or better optical and electrochemical properties to be unfolded. This paper reports the synthesis of the new V2O5.1.26H2O([C3N2(C6H7N)3])0.07 using the combination of two traditional methods, melting quenching and sonochemistry. The new material was characterized by several methods in order to verify the physical and chemical characteristics and its possible use as an electrochromic electrode. The organic guest provokes an interlayer spacing decrease of the inorganic matrix and the electrostatic interaction between the oxo groups of the V2O5 matrix and the pyridinium rings of the organic guest demonstrate a strong interaction. The new hybrid nanostructure presented good reversibility and cyclability during 50 cycles, electrochromic efficiency of 22 cm2 C-1 (410 nm) and 96 % color retention after 50 cycles of color changing.

Economical aspect of Turkish sports federations before and after gaining autonmy (the case of Voleyball Federation of Turkey)

In this study, where financial construction of Turkish Sports Federations before and after gaining autonomy is compared with the case of Volleyball Federation of Turkey, the financial contribution of autonomy process, which was legalized in 2004 to serve as a solution, to the federations is evaluated and recommendations for solution are tried to be developed. Financial information on Volleyball Federation of Turkey's being autonomous is examined using the method of “documentation” and the findings obtained as a result are illustrated on tables and graphics. Economical aspect of autonomy stems from the fact that autonomous federations have financial autonomy. Federations use several methods in order to be financially autonomous and self-sufficient organizations. In this respect, Football Federation and federations in Europe which have the experience of autonomy constitute a model and it is observed that they are successful in this point.

Detoxification of hemicellulosic hydrolyzate from olive tree pruning residue

One of the major problems in commercial production of lignocellulosic ethanol and xylitol, are the toxic compounds generated during the hydrolytic process. A concentrated hemicellulosic hydrolyzate from olive tree pruning residue has been detoxified using several methods in order to minimize the presence of inhibitory compounds, improving subsequent fermentation stage with yeasts. Thus, in a first stage, activated charcoal has been used to study the influence of pH, agitation, temperature and the proportion of this type of adsorbent, using a 24 experimental design. Further, liming and overliming processes were performed with three different alkalis, CaO, Ca(OH)2 and NaOH. Finally, the use of three organic solvents, chloroform, n-hexane and ethyl acetate, in four different proportions, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 (hydrolyzate:solvent, v/v), was tested to achieve the toxic compounds elimination. In all assays we have checked the reduction in acetic acid, total phenolic compounds, furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural and total sugars concentrations. The volume loss of hydrolyzate has also been determined. In the adsorption processes with activated charcoal, the variables that have proved most influential on the responses tested were the percentage of this compound and pH. It could be an excellent alternative to decrease inhibitors from olive tree pruning residue hydrolyzates (removing 46% of acetic acid, 81% of phenolic compounds and 98% of total furans). The detoxification treatments with solvents revealed that the experimental conditions which combined the best inhibitor removal and lower alteration of sugar yields could be achieved using ethyl acetate because this extractor agent was able to remove near 50% of total phenolic compounds and 57% of total furans. Less favorable results were obtained when n-hexane was employed. The liming and overliming processes allowed a significant reduction of acetic acid (in some case up to 53%), lignin-derived compounds (close to 72%) and total furans (near 83%) mainly furfural, but also hydroxymethylfurfural.

Calculation of Iron Loss in Electrical Generators Using Finite-Element Analysis

The accurate calculation of iron loss from finite-element analysis in electrical machines is essential if optimal machines are to be designed. This paper conducts a holistic review of the extensive literature field before examining, in detail, several methods in order to recommend an optimum engineering solution. Both frequency domain and time domain methods are discussed including the use of different orthogonal components as well as the relative merits of using all, or some, of the eddy current, anomalous, and hysteresis loss components. A theoretical cubic meter of iron is simulated to quickly demonstrate the inaccuracies of Cartesian coordinate methods before calculations on several manufactured machines are undertaken showing the superior accuracies of major/minor loop calculation. Calculation undertaken using the radial tangential orthogonal plane is shown to have less than 1% average difference to that of the major/minor loop yet is over six times quicker. The peak percentage error in an individual element is shown to be less than 5%. Discussions are also made regarding the method of curve fitting to gain loss constants and any possible sources of inaccuracy particularly during manufacture.