Sesamum Indicum Oil Research Articles

Toxicity of Calophyllum soulattri, Piper aduncum, Sesamum indicum and their potential mixture for control Spodoptera frugiperda

Abstract Spodoptera frugiperda caused severe damage to the maize plant. Botanical insecticides are a choice to control this pest. This study aims to determine the ethanol extract of Calophyllum soulattri stem bark, methanol extract of Piper aduncum fruit, and Sesamum indicum oil, and their potential mixture for controlling S. frugiperda. The bioassays were carried out in laboratory conditions using second instar S. frugiperda larvae from mass rearing in the laboratory. A toxicity test was performed using the leaf-residual feeding method. The result showed that the mortality of S. frugiperda for C. soulattri is LC50 = 0.349% and LC95 = 3.256% and that for P. aduncum is LC50 = 0.530% and LC95 = 4.666%. S. indicum oil (at 10% concentration) only caused the mortality of S. frugiperda by 27.5%. Insecticide mixture can increase the toxicity of the insecticide. The observation mortality of S. frugiperda for C. soulattri and P. aduncum (1:2) extracts mixture were LC50 = 0.233% and LC95 = 0.808%. At the same time, C. soulattri extract dan S. indicum oil mixture (4:1) were LC50 = 0.268% and LC95 = 0.931%. The treatments with a single insecticide and their mixtures affected the biological activity of S. frugiperda by reducing the area of feed consumption, and the longer the larval development time, the lower the pupal weight of S. frugiperda. Our findings indicated that a mixture of C. soulattri and P. aduncum extract, then C. soulattri extract, and S. indicum oil could potentially develop as effective insecticide for controlling S. frugiperda.

Assessment of the Potentials of Non-Edible Oils (Waste Vegetable Oil and Sesamum indicum Oil) as Sustainable Feedstocks for Green Synthesis of Biodiesel

Assessment of the Potentials of Non-Edible Oils (Waste Vegetable Oil and Sesamum indicum Oil) as Sustainable Feedstocks for Green Synthesis of Biodiesel

Optimization of Sesamum indicum oil (sesame oil) derived activated carbon soot for electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) application

Optimization of Sesamum indicum oil (sesame oil) derived activated carbon soot for electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) application

Fabrication, characterization, antimicrobial, toxicity and potential drug-delivery studies of PEGylated Sesamum indicum oil based nanoemulsion system

BackgroundThe actively mutating properties of disease-causing pathogens and GI intolerance associated with certain antibiotics among other challenges necessitated the adoption of colloidal system for drug delivery. Nanoemulsions (Ciprofloxacin (Cp) -loaded and non-drug loaded) were prepared by spontaneous emulsification method, characterized using Cryo-TEM, FTIR and Zetasizer. Antimicrobial activities were carried out using agar well diffusion method on Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus subtilis. The in-vitro and dermal toxicological assessment were carried out using adult Wistar rats.ResultsThe Cryo-TEM micrographs showed spherical morphology while zetasizer results showed polydispersity index (PDI), mean droplet size and zeta potential (ZP) of 0.553, 124.3 ± 0.29 nm and − 15.3 mV respectively for non-drug loaded sesame oil-based emulsion (SOAB). While 0.295, 244.8 ± 0.33 nm and − 5.54 mV were recorded for Cp-loaded sesame oil-based emulsion (SOAB + Cp). The effective voltage charge of the emulsions was 147.4 V. FTIR results of Cp recorded O–H adsorption value of 3429 cm−1, while SOAB and SOAB + Cp showed superimposition at 3427.76 cm−1 showing no drug-excipient interactions. No skin irritation was observed after 14 days of skin corrosion assessment. No significant difference (p > 0.05) in body weight gain of both test and control animals, the treatment did not cause any observable alterations in blood-chemistry parameters and hematological indices. Photomicrographs of liver and heart shows an uncompromised histological architecture.ConclusionThe finding of the study shows a skin friendly, nanosized, spherical negatively charged emulsion with no cardiotoxic, hematotoxic and hepatotoxic effects on Wistar rats, and as such appears promising as a safe vehicle for drug delivery.Graphical

Analysis of Heavy metals and Physico-Chemical Properties of Sesamum indicum Seed Oil from Arid Zone of Rajasthan

In the current study, we reported the concentration of heavy metals (ppm), physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of Sesamum indicum seed oil from arid zone in Rajasthan. MP-AES is used for the analysis of heavy metals from the seed oil of Sesamum indicum. The heavy metals are found in seed oil in following order: Zn (7.92), Fe (1.14), Mn (0.74), Pb (0.07), Ni (0.05) and Cr (0.01) in ppm respectively. Sesamum indicum oil was tested for its physicochemical properties. The proximate analysis revealed 46.00% oil content. HPLC was used to determine the fatty acid composition of the oil sample. Saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids were recorded for 15.52%, 42.86% and 41.32% of the total amount of fatty acids respectively. Linoleic acid (42.38%) was the most abundant fatty acid followed by oleic acid (41.20%) and palmitic acid (9.90%). Stearic acid (5.62%), linolenic acid (0.48%) and palmitoleic acid (0.12%) were present in small amounts.

Synthesis of sulfonated Sesamum indicum L. seed oil and its application as a fatliquor in leather processing

Fatliquor is an oil-in-water emulsion that improves the physical properties of leather such as tensile strength, flexibility, and softness by lubricating the leather fibres. Sulfonated Sesamum indicum oil was synthesized, characterized, and examined for consideration as a substitute for imported fatliquor in Nigeria. The sulfonation of the oil was confirmed by the significant observations made in the FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and 13C NMR DEPT analysis results. A remarkable difference was observed in the physicochemical properties results of both unsulfonated and sulfonated oils. The sulfonated sesame fatliquor was applied onto goatskin and compared with a commercial sulfated fatliquor in the processing of shoe upper leather using standard methods. The average results for tensile strength, double edge tear, elongation, and softness results for the commercial and synthesized fatliquors are as follows: 14.27 N/mm2; 13.77 N/mm2, 50.61 N; 60.11 N, 38.06%; 54.28%, 25.2; 25.0. A comparable level of lubrication of the leather treated with the sulfonated Sesamum indicum oil and that treated with the commercial leather fatliquor was revealed by the Sudan IV stain test as well as scanning electron microscopy analysis results. Experimental analyses, therefore, show that the as-synthesized sulfonated Sesamum indicum oil could be considered as a substitute for imported fatliquor in the leather industry.Graphical abstract

Evaluation of the antipeptic ulcer activity of sesamum indicum oil in Indomethacin induced gastric ulcers in rats

Evaluation of the antipeptic ulcer activity of sesamum indicum oil in Indomethacin induced gastric ulcers in rats

Effect of Sesamum indicum oil in Thyroidectomy-Induced Erectile Dysfunction in Rat

The aim of the present study has been to explore the effect of Sesamum indicum in thyroidectomy-induced erectile dysfunction in rat. The animals were anaesthetized with combination of midazolam and ketamine i.p. , and the thyroid gland was dissected out. The skin was then stitched and the wound was closed. Animals were treated with penicillin injection i.p. for 5 days postoperatively. After 45 days of surgery different groups of animals were treated with sesamum oil at dose levels 2 mL, 3 mL and 5 mL/kg p.o. , and with standard drug sildenafil, respectively, for 28 days. At the end of the study erectile dysfunction-associated physical and biochemical parameters were evaluated to assess the effect of Sesamum indicum in thyroidectomy-induced erectile dysfunction. Thyroidectomy resulted in impairment of sexual function in the rat. Treatment of Sesamum indicum oil caused increase in testosterone level. It also produced significant positive effects on the physical parameters of sexual function such as mount latency, intromission latency, ejaculatory latency, post-ejaculatory interval, mount frequency and intromission frequency. Though the oil did not produce any significant effect on the levels of thyroid hormones, the oil at the doses of 2 mL, 3 mL and 5 mL/kg body weight restored sexual competence to a reasonable extent in which the highest dose produced the maximum response. A combination of Sesamum indicum oil and thyroxin may be recommended for hypothyroidism-associated sexual impairment.

Essential oil of four medicinal plants and protective properties in plum fruits against the spoilage bacteria and fungi

There are limited studies available regarding the chemical composition of essential oils and their activities against fruit spoilage bacteria and fungi. In this study, chemical composition of essential oils from medicinal plants namely Acorus calamus, Allium sativum, Mucuna pruriens, and Sesamum indicum L showed invitro antibacterial and antifungal properties against fruits spoilage microbes were evaluated. Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometry analysis confirmed the presence of major metabolites namely Hydroxylamine (98.26%), 1,2,4 - trimethoxy-5-1-propenyl (93.07%), Dodecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester (92.64) and 2-diisoprophylphosphinnoethane (67.97%) from the studied plants. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the essential oils against bacteria were ranged from 11.3 ± 2.3 to 617 ± 4.9 μg/ml and fungi were ranged from 1.1 ± 0.4 to 292 ± 3.2 μg/ml, respectively. Among the essential oil, Allium sativum showed significant antibacterial activity with least minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentrations (11.3 ± 2.3 μg/ml and 24 ± 1.6 μg/ml) while Sesamum indicum oil showed the least activity with high minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentrations values (460 ± 11.9 μg/ml and 940 ± 12.8 μg/ml). Interestingly, Allium sativum documented the highest antifungal activity against Penicillium notatum and also significantly inhibited the growth of other tested fungal species such as, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Rhizopus microsporus. Among all tested essential oils, in combination of studied antibiotics, essential oils from Allium sativum showed excellent synergistic activity against seven out of nine spoilage microbes. Two-way analysis of variance showed significant depletion of pathogenic microorganism due to the effect of essential oils (p < 0.05). In addition, essential oil from Allium sativum significantly reduced the growth of Aspertillus flavus and Aspergillus niger on plum fruit. Results revealed the application of essential oil from Allium sativum counter Aspergillus flavus growth and prevented deterioration of plum fruit.

Evaluation of chromium (VI) removal by carbons derived from Sesamum indicum oil cake

Evaluation of chromium (VI) removal by carbons derived from Sesamum indicum oil cake

In Vivo Assessment of Antihyperglycemic and Antihyperlipidemic Potential of Sesamum Indicum Oil in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

In Vivo Assessment of Antihyperglycemic and Antihyperlipidemic Potential of Sesamum Indicum Oil in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Optimization of enzymatic interesterification of coconut (&lt;i&gt;Cocos nucifera&lt;/i&gt;) and Sesame (&lt;i&gt;Sesamum indicum&lt;/i&gt;) oils using &lt;i&gt;Thermomyces lanuginosus&lt;/i&gt; lipase by response surface methodology

Blends ofcoconut (Cocosnucifera) oil (CO) and sesame (Sesamumindicum) oil (SO) were enzymatically interesrerified using aqueous lipase derived from Thermomyceslanuginosus and the reaction conditions were optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A three-factor, three-level central composite design (facecentred cube design) was employed to optimize the reaction parameters, namely temperature (45-65°C), time (16-48 h) and mass ratio of oils (CO:SO; 70:30 - 50:50). Lipase, diluted in phosphate buffer (pH 8) was used at 0.2% (v/w) of the substrate. Degree of interesterification (DI), and the ratio of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFA:PUFA) of triacylglycerols (TAGs)were used as response variables. Triacylglycerol (TAG) fractions of the samples were separated using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and the fatty acid composition of TAGs was determined using Gas-Liquid Chromatography (GLC). Thelinear and squared effects of temperature and time were significant (p<0.05) for DI whilethe reaction conditions did not exhibit a significant (p<0.05) effect on MUFA: PUFA ratio. The optimum conditions for enzymatic interesterificationwere45°C (temperature), 40.24 h (time) and 70:30 (weight ratio of CO:SO).Under these optimized conditions, the DI was 28.98% and MUFA:PUFA was 1.50±0.06. According to the response surface regression analysis, the R2 value for DI versus reaction parameters was 91.85% and MUFA:PUFA ratio versus reaction parameters was 61.82%. Therefore it can be concluded that enzymatic interesterification can effectively be applied to develop nutritionally and functionally superior modified oilknown as structured lipids using coconut and sesame oils.

Management of Madhumehajanya Vrana (diabetic wound) with Katupila (Securinega leucopyrus [Willd] Muell.) Kalka.

Introduction:Prevalence of diabetes and its complications have been a burden to the society from the ancient times, in the present and also will be in the future unless proper measures are taken to prevent its manifestation. There have been an increasing number of death associated-amputation cases which are mainly caused by nonhealing wounds. These facts urge researchers to develop new, more effective wound treatments for diabetic patients.Aim:To evaluate and compare the effect of Katupila Kalka (Securinega leucopyrus [Willd.] Muell. leaf paste) and Tila Taila (Sesamum indicum oil) in Madhumehajanya Vrana (diabetic wounds/ulcers) with Betadine ointment.Materials and Methods:A total of 23 patients of Madhumehajanya Vrana were chosen and randomly divided into two groups (Group A and B). Patients of Group A were treated with local application of Katupila Kalka with Tila Taila, whereas, in Group B, Betadine ointment was applied on the affected parts, once a day in the morning for 30 days. The relief in signs and symptoms were assessed on scoring pattern.Results:In Group A, diabetic wounds treated with Katupila paste got healed within 28 days with minimal scar formation without any complications, whereas in Group B, wound was healed completely only in two patients within 28 days. In both the groups, no patients reported any adverse drug reaction during the entire course of treatment as well as in follow-up period.Conclusion:Study concluded that the drug Katupila Kalka possesses Vrana Ropana (wound healing) activity with fine scaring.

Modeling and Optimization of Extraction of Oil from Sesamum Indicum Seeds: A Case Study of Response Surface Methodology vs. Artificial Neural Network

In this work, response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) was used to optimize of oil from Sesamum indicum seeds. ANN predicted optimal condition for extraction was Sesamum indicum powder weight (SIPW) = 54.71 g, extraction time (ET) = 44.88 min and solvent volume (SV) = 165.8 mL. The predicted Sesamum indicum oil yield (SIOY) was validated as 85.70% (w/w) while RSM predicted optimal condition was Sesamum indicum powder weight (SIPW) = 60.00 g, Extraction time (ET) = 44.48 min and solvent volume (SV) = 150 mL. The predicted SIOY under this condition was validated as 83.20% (w/w). The result obtained showed that ANN was superior and more effective optimization tool than RSM owing to its value of RMSE, AAD, R2, R2Adj. Meanwhile, the qualities of Sesamum indicum oil yield (SIOY) as compared to the earlier researched works indicated that the oil produced is of good qualities and needs no further purification. Fatty acids profile reflected that the oil is highly unsaturated. The study concluded that the oil is not only edible, but also could have an industrial application.

Effect of Sesamum indicum L. Seed Oil Supplementation on the Kidney Function Parameters of Hypercholesterolemic Rats

Twenty four male rats weighing between 120-130 g were randomly assigned into four groups. Group A was fed normal diet; Group B, C and D were fed hypercholesterolemic diet (i.e. 20% fat + 1% cholesterol) for two weeks to establish hypercholesterolemia. Thereafter, Group B were maintained on hyper diet, while C and D were fed 5% and 10% Sesamum indicum oil supplemented diet for four weeks. Plasma was collected and analyzed for the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and concentrations of urea, creatinine, sodium, and potassium. The kidney was removed, decapsulated, weighed, homogenized, centrifuged and ALP activity was determined inthe supernatant. Significant increase (P<0.05) was observed in the activities of alkaline phosphatase in the kidney and serum and also in concentrations of urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium of the hypercholesterolemic rats compared to the normal control. Supplementation with Sesamum indicum seed oil at 5% and 10% levels resulted in significant decrease (P<0.05) in the activity of alkaline phosphatase and concentrations of urea, creatinine, sodium, and potassium. The implications of this result are highlighted.

A comparative study of the fatty-acid composition of Sesamum indicum oil obtained from different provinces in Turkey

0009-3130/11/4701-0098 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 1) Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Disorders, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, 42075 Konya, Turkey, fax: +903322410063, e-mail: ocitil@selcuk.edu.tr; 2) Technical Vocational School of Higher Education, Program of Medical Aromatic Plants, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey; 3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, 42075 Konya, Turkey. Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 88–89, January–February, 2011. Original article submitted September 3, 2009. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Vol. 47, No. 1, March, 2011 [Russian original No. 1, January–February, 2011]

Comparative study of the inhibitory efficacy of some medicinal plant oils on the growth of pure isolates from a group of pathogenic microorganisms in vitro

The present in vitro study was undertaken to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of essential oils of four medicinal plants including: Eugenia caryophyllus, Sesamum indicum, Linum usitatissimum, and Mentha piperita against the growth of seven pathogenic microorganisms: two gram-positive bacteria; Staphylococcus cohnii cohnii, Micrococcus spp., and five gram-negative bacteria; Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Enterobacter cloacae. The method employed to test the antimicrobial efficacy was the Agar Well Diffusion test. The antimicrobial activity of Eugenia caryophyllus oil against the growth of all the test microorganisms except Proteus mirabilis was statically superior to the rest of the test oils with mean diameter of zone of inhibition; 28.5±0.87 mm, 12.25±0.25 mm, 22.25±0.66 mm, 23.08±1.16 mm, 27.83±1.39 mm, and 10.91±0.39 mm against the growth of Staphylococcus cohnii cohnii, Micrococcus spp., Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterobacter cloacae respectively. Sesamum indicum oil produce significant effect against Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Proteus mirabilis with mean diameter of zone of inhibition; 21.75±1.29 mm and 14.25±1.03 mm respectively. Linum usitatissimum revealed positive results against Micrococcus spp. Only with mean diameter of zone of inhibition; 30.41±0.46 mm. while the oil of Mentha piperita did not show any inhibitory activity against each of the test microorganisms.