Community Service Research Articles

Optimization of the cooperative electronic commerce model for sustainable development in the context of ecological environment conservation

AbstractThis study aims to explore how to optimize the cooperative electronic commerce model in a sustainable ecological environment to meet the needs of consumers while maximizing social and economic benefits. The empirical research method is adopted, which mainly includes a literature review, case analysis, and questionnaire. Firstly, through a literature review, this study introduces and analyses the concept of sustainable ecological environment and the development and optimization direction of cooperative electronic commerce model in detail, providing a theoretical basis and thought guidance for subsequent research. Secondly, this study selects several representative cooperative electronic commerce platforms for case analysis. It explores their operation mode, product characteristics, service quality, and social benefits to summarize the experience and lessons of optimizing cooperative electronic commerce model. Finally, a questionnaire is designed to sample the consumers of cooperative electronic commerce. By analysing the results of questionnaire, the following conclusions are drawn. (1) 54.3% of respondents said they had used the cooperative electronic commerce model, with agricultural products purchasing (23.5%) and community service (18.9%) using it more frequently. (2) The cognition level of sustainable development was high overall, with 62.6% believing that it was essential for the future. (3) A multiple linear regression model explored the relationship between using the cooperative electronic commerce model and sustainable development cognition. The results reveal that adopting cooperative electronic commerce model has a significant positive impact on the cognition of sustainable development, which indicates that the promotion and use of this model can promote cognition and practice of sustainable development.

Prevalence of self-harm among children and adolescents in the Republic of Ireland: a systematic review

Abstract Objectives: Youth self-harm (SH) is viewed as a public health concern and one of the main reasons for urgent psychiatry assessment. This systematic review sought to establish prevalence of SH among youth in Ireland. Methods: A systematic review using pre-defined search terms was conducted (Jan 1980–March 2024). Results: From a total of 204 papers identified, 18 were included. Significant variation in rates of SH was found. Limiting data to adolescent years (15–18), best estimates for overall lifetime rates of SH ranged from 1.5% (when rates of SH were reported based on a two-stage study design), to 23% (where SH was limited to non-suicidal SH). SH was typically higher in females, impulsive in nature, and occurred in the home setting. Whilst almost half of youth sought help before (43.7%) or after (49.8%) the SH episode, this was most often to a friend or family member. Overall rates of professional help seeking were low. Conclusions: Robust studies using clear definitions of terms, separately capturing SH with and without suicidal intent, and distinguishing SH in the context of a mental illness, are required to inform service developments. Given the frequent occurrence of SH among youth accompanied by predominance of help seeking via friends and family, it is imperative that psychoeducation is delivered to families and peers. Out of hours community and specialist mental health services are essential to address this important issue.

Reducing stigma and improving access to care for people with mental health conditions in the community: protocol for a multi-site feasibility intervention study (Indigo-Local)

Abstract Background Stigma and discrimination towards people with mental health conditions by their communities are common worldwide. This can result in a range of negative outcomes for affected persons, including poor access to health care. However, evidence is still patchy from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) on affordable, community-based interventions to reduce mental health-related stigma and to improve access to mental health care. Methods This study aims to conduct a feasibility (proof-of-principle) pilot study that involves developing, implementing and evaluating a community-based, multi-component, awareness-raising intervention (titled Indigo-Local), designed to reduce stigma and discrimination and to increase referrals of people with mental health conditions for assessment and treatment. It is being piloted in seven sites in five LMICs—China, Ethiopia, India, Nepal and Tunisia—and includes several key components: a stakeholder group workshop; a stepped training programme (using a ‘Training of Trainers’ approach) of community health workers (or similar cadres of workers) and service users that includes repeated supervision and booster sessions; community engagement activities; and a media campaign. Social contact and service user involvement are instrumental to all components. The intervention is being evaluated through a mixed-methods pre-post study design that involves quantitative assessment of stigma outcomes measuring knowledge, attitudes and (discriminatory) behaviour; quantitative evaluation of mental health service utilization rates (optional, where feasible in sites); qualitative exploration of the potential effectiveness and impact of the Indigo-Local intervention; a process evaluation; implementation evaluation; and an evaluation of implementation costs. Discussion The output of this study will be a contextually adapted, evidence-based intervention to reduce mental health-related stigma in local communities in five LMICs to achieve improved access to healthcare. We will have replicable models of how to involve people with lived experience as an integral part of the intervention and will produce knowledge of how intervention content and implementation strategies vary across settings. The intervention and its delivery will be refined to be feasible and ready for larger-scale implementation and evaluation. This study thereby has the potential to make an important contribution to the evidence base on what works to reduce mental health-related stigma and discrimination and improve access to health care.

EDUKASI MASYARAKAT SEBAGAI UPAYA MITIGASI ABRASI PANTAI DI DESA JUANGA KABUPATEN PULAU MOROTAI PROVINSI MALUKU UTARA

Juanga Village, South Morotai District, Morotai Island Regency, is one of the areas that is very vulnerable to coastal erosion, this is due to the high sea waves that often occur. Community service activities aim to educate the local community about the importance of planting mangroves as an effort to mitigate the coastal erosion disaster that occurred in Juanga Village. Community service starts from identifying problems that occur, then conducting outreach to the community and carrying out mangrove planting actions in designated areas involving KKNT students at Hein Namotemo University. The result of Community Service is that the community can be educated to continue to maintain natural balance by planting coastal vegetation that can withstand the rate of abrasion, one of which is mangroves because mangrove vegetation is important vegetation for the sustainability of marine biota and as a coast guard from abrasion. It is hoped that with this activity the people of Juanga Village can increase their knowledge and carry out sustainable planting.

PENDAMPINGAN KELOMPOK TERNAK AYAM UNTUK PEMBUATAN JAMU HERBAL (CARA FERMENTASI) DI DESA URAUR, KECAMATAN KAIRATU KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT

Free-range chicken farming is a business that has the potential to meet family needs, and has a large role in supporting the community's economy. Many of these farms are found in rural areas, generally of a traditional nature. Simple housing and simple feeding such as providing kitchen waste. The rest of the chickens themselves have to try to survive and fulfill their food needs in the yard. The negative impact of maintenance like this is low production and damage to yard plants. The main aim of this activity is to maintain livestock health by making and administering herbal medicine/fermented herbal medicine which is made together in groups (demonstration plots). Apart from that, train and motivate farmers to improve the rearing system so that they can develop free-range chicken farming businesses and become providers of chicken seeds. The target of implementing community service activities is a group of village chicken breeders in Uraur village, Kairatu sub-district, who have the will to implement new innovations to increase production and welfare of their families/community as well as for the chicken breeder community in general. The success of this activity is measured by the farmer's attention to chicken farming. Chickens given herbal medicine have better body resistance to disease and extreme environmental influences.

DESIMINASI PEMBERIAN TANDA PADA TERNAK SAPI POTONG DI DESA LIANG KECAMATAN SALAHUTU MALUKU TENGAH

Cattle farming in rural areas is often considered a form of investment or living savings. Farmers maintain cattle as assets that can be sold at any time when they need urgent funds, such as for healthcare, education, or other expenses. Liang Village, located in Salahutu District, Central Maluku, has great potential for the development of beef cattle farming. However, its productivity remains low, partly due to a lack of proper livestock management. One important aspect of livestock management is individual identification. Without proper identification, it is difficult for farmers to track the growth of livestock, control diseases, and increase the market value of the cattle. This community service activity aims to raise awareness among farmers in Liang Village about the importance of livestock identification and technical assistance in the implementation of appropriate tagging methods. The desired outcome is that farmers will be able to manage their operations more effectively, especially in terms of livestock identification systems. Farmers have responded positively, as they view this as a beneficial and innovative approach. It is recommended that ongoing support be provided in the form of training on cattle tagging so that farmers can effectively monitor their livestock.

Analysis of Existing Area, Clean Water Treatment, and Distribution Network Evaluation in Nagari Magek, Agam Regency, West Sumatra

Nagari Magek Village in Agam Regency, West Sumatra, faces significant challenges in managing clean water resources. To address these challenges comprehensively, a holistic approach is essential, involving through area analysis, water treatment, and evaluation of distribution networks to ensure efficient and equitable water distribution. It is crucial to adhere to the principles of water resource conservation, utilization, and management as stipulated in Law Number 17 of 2019 on water resource management, which must be observed to ensure legal clarity in water management practices. The community service team handles clean water problems in Nagari Magek by designing a clean water treatment system that includes aeration, sedimentation, and filtration units. This process improves water quality by reducing yellowish color and eliminating unpleasant odors. However, the capacity of the treatment plant is not able to meet the increasing water demand, while the galvanized pipe distribution network has not been functioning optimally. Based on simulations using EPANET 2.2 software, it was found that the water flow speed in the pipes was still below the optimal range due to the diameter of the pipes being too large. The solution applied was to increase the processing discharge to 10 L/s (0,01 m3/s), which succeeded in increasing the flow rate according to the regulatory criteria. This recommendation improves the efficiency of the distribution system and ensures better water quality for the people in Nagari Magek.

Military Commitment and Identity as Implicit Religion: A Key to Understanding the Loss of Profundity in the Transition from Military to Civilian Life

This article is based on a rare longitudinal interview study on the transition from military to civilian life in which participants shared their experiences over the course of ten years. The challenges of transition included disconnection from a collective life that had previously offered service members identity, community, camaraderie and purpose – experiences that can be understood as the partial loss of something profound. An abductive analysis was conducted which centred on the integrating foci of commitment and the creation of a military identity derived from implicit religion. When viewed through this lens, the significance or strength of implicit religion and belief, in the context of military commitment, can be described as paramount and sacred – worthy of dying for. The findings offer a novel understanding of the profound experiences related to military communal life, purpose, and identity during active service (that is, the conceptualization as implicit religion) as well as the loss of these implicit religious elements during the transition out of military life, and how the participants have thought about and dealt with this loss in various ways.

PENDAMPINGAN TEKNIS APLIKASI BAHAN ORGANIK EKSOGEN PADA LAHAN HORTIKULTURA KELOMPOK TANI MEKAR BARU DI DESA WAIMITAL KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT

Providing exogenous organic materials is a very important ingredient in efforts to safely improve soil productivity, so that the resulting products are safe for consumption and free from chemical contamination. The application of organic fertilizer to horticultural land will directly affect crop yields. The aim of community service on horticultural land in the Mekar Baru farmer group in Waimital village is as an effort to assist and strengthen the plant cultivation system for farmers in maintaining land productivity and sustainable production based on the application of organic fertilizer. The method used is technical assistance to farmers during plant cultivation. The results of the technical assistance provided show that new awareness has been built in the horticultural plant cultivation system. This indicator shows that the application of liquid organic fertilizer to several horticultural plants on farmers' land is better than on land that does not receive organic fertilizer.

Responding to the ongoing pandemic-related challenges of individuals with brain injury through the perspective of community-service in Canada: A qualitative study.

To investigate brain injury (BI) associations' perspectives regarding the impacts of the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with BI and BI associations services across Canada. This qualitative descriptive study included 26 representatives of Canadian BI associations that participated in six online focus groups to discuss the effects of the second year of the pandemic on clients living with BI and on the provision of community services. Findings revealed three main themes: 1) ongoing pandemic-related challenges faced by clients living with BI, including worsening mental health and basic needs insecurities, difficulties faced by clients in adhering to safety measures, and ongoing technological issues; 2) ongoing adaptations to accommodate clients' needs, including offering tailored services, ensuring consistent and transparent safety measures, and providing hybrid services; and 3) developing a sustainable 'new normal' aligned with association mandates and resources by expanding networks and building resilience. The unfolding of the pandemic has brought increased challenges for people with BI and reinforced the need for adapted, clear, and accessible public health information to ensure the safety of vulnerable populations in times of crisis. It is essential to bolster community-based associations that provide direct care to people with BI.

PERAN HUKUM DALAM PLATFORM E-COMMERCE DALAM ERA TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL DI DESA BATUNUNGGAL KECAMATAN CIBADAK KABUPATEN SUKABUMI

This community service aims to improve the understanding and implementation of legal aspects in e-commerce platforms in the era of digital transformation in Batununggal Village, Cibadak District, Sukabumi Regency. The program was implemented through a workshop method with a participatory approach, involving 20 MSME players. The result was 30% who have utilized the e-commerce platform and 85% admitted to have a limited understanding of the legal aspects of electronic transactions. The program also resulted in the establishment of a digital business community and a digital legal consultation center at the village level. The sustainability of the program is supported through an ongoing mentoring system and the development of an online learning module

Sustainable growth, financial flexibility and working capital management in family firms: An empirical study in Indonesia

Family firms play an important role in the economies of developing countries such as Indonesia. Proper working capital management is necessary to support the sustainable growth of family firms. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of sustainable growth and working capital management of family firms. The study analyzes family firms by comparing them with non-family firms listed in the LQ45 index of the Indonesian capital market. Using quantitative methods, logistic regression is used to test the hypotheses. The survey sample covers 280 companies from 2015 to 2022. The results of the study show that the elements of sustainable growth of family firms differ from non-family firms only in the leverage element. Family firms tend to have lower leverage than non-family firms. Family firms tend to have more conservative working capital management policies for investment and financing than non-family firms. Family firms also have longer days of accounts payable outstanding than non-family firms, while days of inventory outstanding and days of sales outstanding are not significantly different. This study suggests that family firms should implement a moderate working capital policy to strengthen sustainable growth rates. AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank the Head of Research and Community Service at AKI University who has supported funding for this research. Thank you also to fellow Faculty of Economics and Business lecturers, AKI University who have helped provide the facilities needed for this research.

Tourism Management Training in the Digital Era to Increase Tourist Visits to Lake Rayo

The management of the Rayo Lake tourist attraction managed by POKDARWIS has so far been considered less than good due to the lack of knowledge of POKDARWIS administrators in tourism management. In addition, it is caused by the absence of an effective marketing strategy with the utilization of existing information technology, resulting in the Rayo Lake tourist attraction being less well-known by the public. The purpose of implementing this PKM activity is to increase POKDARWIS's knowledge in terms of management and marketing. Community service activities are based on the Participative Action Research (PAR) approach with the methods of socialization, training, application of Technology, Mentoring, Evaluation and Sustainability of the Program. The results obtained are that the participants feel satisfied and gain a good understanding of how to manage digital-based tourism management and the utilization of digital technology in promoting tourism at the Rayo Lake tourist destination in Sungai Jernih Village.

Pandemic preparedness of Egyptian community pharmacists and potential facilitators to the successful implementation of a community pharmacy coronavirus disease 2019 referral service: a cross-sectional survey.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in an increased need for essential community services including new roles for pharmacists. Globally, community pharmacists are a highly accessible point of contact for referral. To assess the preparedness of and facilitators to community pharmacists referring patients with suspected COVID-19 symptoms for testing. A cross-sectional survey was administered using a structured questionnaire to 1023 pharmacists (one respondent in each pharmacy) in Egypt between 17 and 30 May 2020. Pharmacists who had received pandemic referral training were significantly more familiar with the referral system in comparison to those who had not (n = 180; 17.6% vs. n = 841; 82.4%, P = .014). Case referral was significantly associated with the referrer (n = 161, 15.8%), demographics of region (P = .001), graduation year (P = .035), and gender (P = .015). The vast majority of respondents identified facilitators to referring, namely university-level teaching (n = 984, 96.7%), continuing professional development (n = 958, 94.3%), smartphone app (n = 809, 80.5%) or telephone hotline (n = 933, 91.5%), IT access (n = 861, 84.7%), and managing patients' attitudes through the media in terms of the importance of declaring symptoms to (n = 998, 97.7%) and cooperating with (n = 977, 96.2%) referrers. Pharmacists' lack of preparedness to engage with the referral process and related roles contributing to tracking the national COVID-19 infection rate could be mitigated by the provision of facilitators suggested by respondents. These included improved cooperation from local healthcare authorities, educational interventions, technological solutions, and the use of the media. Demographics associated with pharmacists' attitudes to referral, and hence the reliability and validity of the national infection rate, demand further investigation.

Characteristics and Trajectory of Older Adults Supported by a Patient Navigator Program in a Hospital Setting: A Cohort Observational Study.

To improve transitions in care, a new patient navigation (PN) program was introduced to support older adults with complex care needs transition from hospital to home. The patient navigator is a community social worker embedded in the hospital's care teams. A cohort observational design was used to conduct the study by analysing the patient navigator's clinical notes and hospital's administrative data to describe the characteristics of patients, scope of the patient navigator's activities, and patient outcomes. Ninety patients were assigned to the patient navigator's caseload (November 2019-November 2021) in which the average age was 78.9 (range 55-95). The most frequent PN intervention types were referrals to community services (66%, n = 59) and discharge planning (61%, n = 55). The patient navigator supported 66% patients (n = 59) in returning home and provided follow-up care for 74 days (average). This study provides important insights into the patient navigator's role to guide decision makers in implementing PN programs for older adults in a hospital setting.

HYPERCONTENT DEVELOPMENT TRAINING FOR RICH AND RENEWABLE LEARNING RESOURCES AT STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 1 DRIYOREJO, GRESIK

This community service activity aims to provide Hypercontent Development Training for Rich and Renewable Learning Resources. at SMA Negeri 1 Driyorejo, Gresik as a good researcher for teachers. Specifically, this activity aims to Bind Interaction in Learning at SMA Negeri 1 Driyorejo, Gresik smoothly and in accordance with the even semester period of the 2023-2024 academic year. The methods used in this PPM activity include lectures or counseling containing the delivery of information for general and theoretical materials, in this case the material (1) Application of Hypercontent Development Training for Rich and Renewable Learning Resources, (2) Excavation Hypercontent Development Training for Rich and Renewable Learning Resources. The PPM activities that have been implemented have run smoothly in accordance with the expected goals of this program, and have obtained good results. The lecturers who presented received knowledge sharing on how to practice Hypercontent Development Training for Rich and Renewable Learning Resources at SMA Negeri 1 Driyorejo, Gresik. The high school teachers received additional knowledge about Hypercontent Development Training for Learning Resources. The Hypercontent Development Training Program for Learning Resources in addition to receiving positive responses from teachers of SMA Negeri 1 Driyorejo, Gresik, also received responses from supervisors in the Driyorejo District Education Office Branch, Gresik Regency. The training participants hope that the Hypercontent Development Training for Learning Resources can be continued in the future considering the benefits of this program. Furthermore, the institutional cooperation that has been well established between UNIPA Postgraduate School, especially the Department of Educational Technology with the Driyorejo District Education Office Branch, Gresik Regency is expected to continue in the future as part of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education.

Outcomes of Community-Friendly Schools in Hong Kong

Amid growing competition and evolving demands, schools must rethink their roles in addressing the needs of various stakeholders. Community-friendly schools in Hong Kong, which integrate community resources to help students understand and contribute to social issues, not only facilitate students’ engagement in learning activities and their learning attitudes but also positively impact students’ willingness to serve the community and the school’s reputation. This research adopted both qualitative and quantitative methods, utilizing questionnaires and interviews as data-gathering instruments. The sample included students, teachers, and community stakeholders for the questionnaires, while interviews were conducted with a smaller group, consisting of participants from each of these groups. The performance of these schools was assessed in terms of their impact on students' understanding of the community, willingness to serve, and school reputation. These aspects were evaluated through three tiers of community-friendly schools: community learning activities, activities in cooperation with community organizations, and community services organized by the school. The data analysis employed descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and linear regression models to highlight the significant impacts of these institutions. Key findings revealed that community-friendly schools significantly boosted student engagement in community activities, deepening their understanding of social issues and fostering a stronger sense of civic responsibility. Students' involvement in these programs was strongly linked to a deeper understanding of the community and a greater willingness to serve. These initiatives also positively impacted the school's reputation, as stakeholders perceived these schools as fostering meaningful community connections and shared responsibility.

Exploring sociocultural factors and ubuntuism for women living with HIV in rural Zimbabwe

Background: The focus of this study was on women living with HIV in rural Zimbabwe, who face many challenges, both in the family and community. Patriarchy compounds these problems as these women navigate access to health and other services.Objectives: The study sought to explore ubuntuism and the sociocultural factors that facilitate or constrain women living with HIV from accessing community services and resources.Method: An interpretive phenomenological analysis research design was utilised for the study. Purposive and quota sampling were applied to recruit 40 participants from six villages. Data were collected using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions that were audio recorded and transcribed. The data were analysed using the interpretive phenomenological analysis framework.Results: The study found that women living with HIV face stigma and discrimination in the form of social exclusion and reduced access to community-based health activities and empowerment opportunities. These challenges were compounded by the negative impact of patriarchy that gives rise to land, resettlement and acculturation challenges.Conclusion: Ubuntu is a reflection of mutual dependence and can be used to promote more compassionate relationships with those who are HIV positive in the community.Contribution: The study provides unique insights into the challenges experienced by women living with HIV and how ubuntu could mitigate those challenges so that it adds to the humanistic philosophies in interpersonal relationships.

TRANSFORMASI PRAKTIK AKREDITASI BAN-PDM MALUKU MELALUI PELATIHAN DARING DALAM PENERAPAN INSTRUMEN AKREDITASI TERBARU

The purpose of this community service is to enhance the capacity of BAN-PDM assessors in Maluku Province through online training on the 2024 Accreditation Instrument. This training aims to deepen assessors' understanding of key aspects of educational accreditation, such as school climate, principal leadership, the role of educators, and the learning process. By integrating online methods, it is expected that this training can address the geographical challenges in the Maluku archipelago and improve the quality of educational accreditation in the region. The results of this training show that online methods are effective in enhancing assessors' understanding of the latest accreditation instruments. Despite facing technical challenges and connectivity limitations, participants demonstrated a significant increase in their understanding and skills related to educational accreditation. The evaluation of the training results indicates that assessors can effectively apply new knowledge in their accreditation practices, making a positive contribution to improving the quality of education in Maluku Province.

Community Service: Tea from Sukun Leaves as a Traditional Beverage with a Modern Approach

This community service activity aims to introduce and develop the potential of sukun (breadfruit) as a raw material for tea production, emphasising the aspects of health, economy, and cultural preservation. Sukun, which has long been known as a traditional food plant, has various benefits that are not widely acknowledged, especially in the form of tea. The program involved the local community in training focused on processing sukun into high-value tea products. In addition, education was provided on packaging and marketing techniques, to enhance the competitiveness of sukun tea products in modern markets. The results of this activity show an increase in community awareness regarding the economic value of sukun, as well as the development of innovative and high-quality sukun tea products, which can be an alternative healthy beverage and support local economic sustainability. Through an integrative approach, this program succeeded in exploring local potential and combining it with modern innovation, thereby revitalizing traditional culinary heritage in a form that aligns with today’s needs.