Service Sector Companies Research Articles

The impact of current academic knowledge on modern human resource practitioners’ performance within the software industry of Pakistan- Future of HR work & the need to Reskill

This research endeavors to analyze the effect of latest HR practices on the effectiveness of current HR Managers’ performance in the software industry of Pakistan. The latest quality HR practices (i.e. Technical recruitment & selection, HR Technology, HR Marketing, Dynamic Workforce & Performance Mgmt., Psychology & Stress Mgmt., Green HRM and Workspace Spirituality, Celebration & Recognition Mgmt. and Strategic HR Partnership & Organization Development) have been apportioned to contemplate the effectiveness of current HR knowledge model and its significance in HRs’ professional life. A structured questionnaire is employed as an instrument for data collection. Sample size of 120 employees has been fetched working in HR department of different software companies in Pakistan. The data has been analyzed through Multiple Regressions, Cronbach alpha, demographic and descriptive statistics that are used for various analyses by the help of statistical software SPSS. It highlights a judgmental analysis on the significance of redesigning the current HR knowledge model with modern add-on HR aspects for coping with the challenges that HR students are facing in their professional life presently. Some recommendations have been cited by the author for real-time contribution in HR sector and for escalating the performance professionally. Moreover, this research would accommodate the selected software service sector companies that are operating in developing countries like Pakistan and working on the significance of service industry. The outcomes will be useful for the academicians, researchers, HR practitioners, planners and policy makers who are involved in the concerned area.

Pengaruh Return On Asset, Return On Equity, dan Earning Per Share terhadap Harga Saham

Capital markets help companies to finance their businesses. Investors invest in capital markets with the expectation of profit. Investors invest in capital markets with the expectation of profit. Investors consider financial performance in the form of financial metrics when investing capital. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Earnings per Share (EPS) on stock prices of service sector companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX). is to judge The period 2018-2021 is listed. The sample consists of 25 manufacturing companies selected using a targeted sampling method based on annual securities report data. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis using Eviews 10 for Windows. The results of this study show that the Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) variables have a negative impact and are insignificant. Earnings per share (EPS) has a positive impact and significant on stock prices

Climate change adaptation in Norwegian businesses − Awareness, integration and barriers

Preventive measures adopted to protect buildings and infrastructure from extreme weather and natural hazard events may serve to mitigate extensive damage and thus avoid major expenditures to businesses and society. A survey of 1,001 representative companies across different sectors and regions in Norway reveals that most companies fail to prioritise the climate change adaptation of their buildings or infrastructure. Most respondents have not conducted risk assessments. The greatest focus is adopted by large companies, those that own their buildings and infrastructure, and businesses in the primary and energy sectors. Small companies, service sector businesses and companies that rent their buildings and infrastructure are the least well prepared. The largest perceived barrier to adaptation is costs, followed by a lack of knowledge and competence in the fields of climate change impacts and adaptation measures. The large majority state that they do not measure climate change adaptation at all. Less than 10 per cent use indicators or evaluate their climate change adaptation efforts. Survey results suggest that Norwegian businesses need stronger incentives and clearly defined responsibilities, combined with appropriate tools and guidelines relevant to the entire climate change adaptation cycle. These will include the performance of risk assessments, the tracking of their adaptation status, as well as the measurement and evaluation of their climate change adaptation actions with the help of indicators.

Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Kepemilikan Manajerial Dan Institusional Terhadap Pengungkapan Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan Di Industri Jasa

This research aims to test and analyze the influence of leverage, managerial ownership, institutional ownership on CSR disclosure in sustainability reports through profitability as a mediating variable. The object of this research is service sector companies listed on the IDX. A total of 45 data were collected using the purposive sampling method. Data analysis was carried out using regression analysis using the SPSS 24 application. The test results showed that leverage and institutional ownership had a positive effect on profitability, while managerial ownership had no significant effect on profitability. Profitability itself influences CSR disclosure. Based on this, profitability can mediate the relationship between leverage and CSR disclosure, but cannot mediate the relationship between managerial ownership and managerial institutional ownership and CSR disclosure.

Pengaruh Karakteristik Klien dan Kantor Akuntan Publik Terhadap Audit Delay di Indonesia

This study aims to study the audit delay phenomenon that occurs in trading, service and investment companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018-2022. This research uses quantitative methods. The type of data used is secondary data sourced from audited financial reports from 2018-2022. The sample in this study was taken from data on trading, service and investment sector companies listed on the IDX. The data analysis technique in this study uses multiple linear regression tests. The results of this study state that the going concern audit opinion variable has an effect on audit delay, while the solvency variable, company size, audit tenure, public accounting firm size, and KAP industry specialization have no effect on audit delay.

How and when workplace suspicion triggers knowledge hiding: the cross-level moderation effects of performance climate and mastery climate

ABSTRACT Based on conservation of resources theory and social information processing theory, the paper explores how workplace suspicion behaviors by suspicious perceivers initiate subsequent knowledge hiding via psychological distress and under the cross-level moderation of team performance climate and mastery climate. This research collected multi-wave 552 valid employee questionnaires nested in 83 teams from service sector companies located in the central and eastern China. We analyzed data using multi-level analysis based on hierarchical linear modelling. Results showed that workplace suspicion is positively related to knowledge hiding, whereas psychological distress plays a mediating role in the relationship. Moreover, performance climate positively moderates the accelerating effect of workplace suspicion and psychological distress on knowledge hiding, while mastery climate negatively moderates the accelerating effect of workplace suspicion and psychological distress on knowledge hiding. The research contributes to examining the relationship between workplace suspicion and knowledge hiding in service organizations from the “actor-centric” perspective. Furthermore, the study provides a first step to reveal the “black box” of the impact of workplace suspicion on knowledge hiding and clarify the boundary conditions for the influence of workplace suspicion and psychological distress on knowledge hiding.

Analisis Financial Distress pada Perusahaan Sektor Perdagangan, Jasa dan Investasi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia

Identification of financial distress conditions was an important thing for companies to anticipate bankruptcy. This study was aimed to analyze the financial distress model in trading, service and investment sector companies in 2018-2020 using the Altman Z-Score, Grover, Springate and Zmijewski modified models. In addition, this was also aimed to determine the level of accuracy of the Modified Altman Z-Score, Grover, Springate and Zmijewski models. This research was included in the type of quantitative research. The research population consisted of all trading, service and investment companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange during the period 2018-2020. This study used purposive sampling technique with total 133 companies. The data analysis model used in this study were the Altman Z-Score, Grover, Springate and Zmijewski Modified Model. It was conducted by taking secondary data from the Indonesian Stock Exchange website (www.idx.co.id). Based on the results of the analysis that had been carried out, the results showed that: (1) There were 55,89% companies experiencing financial distress and 44,11% non-financial distress using the Springate model on the analysis; (2) On the analysis using the Altman Z-Score Modified model, there were 25.81% companies experiencing financial distress and 59,65% nonfinancial distress; (3) Using the Zmijewski model, it showed that 20,80% of companies experienced financial distress and 79,20% of non-financial distress; (4) Using the Grover model, it showed that 20.80% of companies experienced financial distress and 77,94% of non-financial distress; (5) The Springate model was the most accurate model in analyzing the financial distress. Keywords: Accuracy Level, Altman Z-Score Modification, Financial Distress, Grover, Springate, Zmijewski.

CSR and ownership structure: Moderating role of board characteristics in an emerging country context

AbstractThe existing literature on the impact of ownership structure on corporate social responsibility (CSR) showed inconsistent results and disregarded the possibility of non‐linear patterns in the relationship. The present study examines the non‐linear relationship between ownership structure (family, foreign, institutional, and government) and CSR expenditure of listed non‐financial service sector firms in India. Further, the moderating effect of board variables, including board size, board independence, multiple directorships and gender diversity, is explored in the ownership structure‐CSR nexus. Based on a balanced panel dataset of 243 non‐financial service sector companies listed in India, the study observed an inverse U‐relationship between institutional ownership and CSR. The study also found that family, foreign, and government ownership positively influence the firm's social engagement. However, the study could find partial support for the moderating role of the four board characteristics; board size, board independence, multiple directorships and gender diversity in ownership‐CSR association. The study contributes to existing CSR and corporate governance literature by exploring one of the major factors (ownership structure) impacting CSR and the role of board variables in the association.

Clustering techniques and innovation-based comparison in Londrina and Region companies

Innovation is often considered a cornerstone for success across various companies. However, research focused on measuring and describing innovation frequently relies on classical statistical techniques. In this context, this study applied unsupervised machine learning techniques to cluster companies in the Londrina region, investigating how variables related to innovation differ among the identified clusters. Data were collected through a survey instrument adapted from CIS 4 and PINTEC, encompassing 26 responding companies, although 23 were analyzed in this study. Four clustering algorithms were employed: k-means, k-means+PCA, hierarchical, and hierarchical+PCA. Regarding the results, the hierarchical+PCA algorithm showed improved separation between service and manufacturing companies. Clusters identified with the value ``"1" indicated concerns related to regular investment in R&D, collaborations for innovation, and requests/registrations of patents in the last three years. Analyzing demographic characteristics revealed that clusters identified by hierarchical+PCA exhibited a higher presence of service sector companies, while cluster 1 showed a prevalence of industries, suggesting that these possess more innovative characteristics in the Londrina region.

Mixed Analysis of the Strategic Management and Economic-Financial Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in the Service Sector

Purpose: To analyze the influence of strategic management on the economic and financial growth of micro and small enterprises in the service sector in Chimbote, Peru. Theoretical framework: The theories associated with strategic management, economic-financial growth of micro and small enterprises in the service sector and other factors were addressed. Method: A mixed approach of the Dexplis type was applied, with a non-experimental and cross-sectional design, being the population the total of micro and small enterprises of the service sector in Chimbote and the non-probabilistic sample for the survey and the interview was 40 micro and small enterprises of the service sector that served to collect quantitative and qualitative data respectively. The quantitative data were obtained through the instrument adapted to measure strategic management (Gallardo, 2021), whose reliability was assessed by Cronbach's Alpha coefficient α = 0.905 and the economic-financial growth was evaluated through the instrument adapted for this case (Dutan & Ormaza, 2022), whose reliability was assessed by Cronbach's Alpha coefficient α = 0. 868 which was obtained when a pilot test of 20 participants was applied, where the quantitative data obtained were then processed in SPSS, and the qualitative data obtained from the questionnaire of open questions were evaluated with the Atlas.ti software considering 10 codes, 10 sub-categories and 5 categories, also taking into account other factors that influence economic-financial growth. Results and conclusions: The results support a high degree of positive correlation between strategic management and the economic-financial growth of micro and small enterprises in the service sector with an rs = 0.810 and a significance level of p = 0.000, where the coefficient of determination shows that strategic management has a 67.4% influence on economic-financial growth, while the remaining 32.6% is affected by other factors. In conclusion, there is a high positive correlation and there is a 67.4% influence of strategic management on the economic-financial growth of micro and small enterprises in the service sector, while the remaining 32.6% is due to other factors such as economic, public policy, legal, technological and ecological factors. Originality/value: To provide information on the perception of micro and small service sector companies in the handling of strategic management and its influence on economic-financial growth.

Assessing the Impact of GST on Profitability: Insights from Education, Hospitality, and Logistics Sectors

Goods and Services Tax (GST) has made a revolutionary impact on all sectors of the economy, impacting their overall financial performance. The study has focused on the role of GST on the financial performance of service sector entities namely, education, hospitality, and logistics, with special emphasis on profitability. Employing analysis of secondary data and in-depth interpretation, the study attempts to understand the role of GST deployment on company profits, examining both pre-GST and post-GST scenarios. By scrutinizing trends and patterns in profitability data and comparing performance before and after GST enactment, this study focuses on the sector-specific effects of the tax reform on profitability. The study adopts a quantitative approach to assess the role of the GST on the financial performance of service sector companies, with a specific focus on profitability. Data was checked for normality. Subsequently, Correlation & Paired t-tests were done using R-Studio. The analysis of the education, hospitality, and logistic sectors post-GST implementation reveals diverse impacts on mean profit changes. The study will help develop customized policies for each sector that promote sustainable development amidst changing tax legislation.

ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI DIVIDEND POLICY DI SEKTOR PERDAGANGAN, JASA DAN INVESTASI

This research of this study is to discover the effect of collateralizable assets, managerial ownership, leverage, firm size, and investment opportunity on dividend policy in trading, service and investment sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2020. Purposive sampling is used as a sampling technique in this study according to predetermined criteria so the sample in this study consisted of 18 companies for 3 periods and obtained 54 sample data. The research methodology used is statistical analysis method. Multiple linear regression analysis is used to test the hypothesis. Data processing in this study using Eviews 12.0 software. The results of this study indicate that firm size had positive and significant effects on dividend policy, while collateralizable assets, managerial ownership, leverage and investment opportunity had no effect on dividend policy.

МАРКЕТИНГ ПОСЛУГ У КОНТЕКСТІ ГЛОБАЛЬНОГО РИНКУ ПОСЛУГ

The article explores that in the context of economic globalization, the world services market is developing more dynamically than other segments, and today is at the stage of active formation. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, global services exports were valued at $7.1 trillion in 2022, representing 7.1% of global GDP and 23% of total global trade in goods and services. At the same time, the domestic service system collapsed as a result of hostilities, and international trade in services was virtually destroyed. It is substantiated that one of the effective tools that provides companies with the prerequisites for obtaining competitive advantages in the global market is effective marketing of services. It has been established that the specificity of marketing activities in the service sector is determined by the characteristics of services (intangibility, inseparability of production and consumption, lack of stability, impossibility of storage and accumulation). It has been proven that successful operation of a company in the services market is impossible without a marketing strategy. Based on F. Kotler's service marketing triangle, the structure of relations between stakeholders involved in the development and implementation of the marketing strategy of a service sector company has been studied. It has been established that external marketing reflects the interaction between the company and consumers, internal – between the company and its employees, interactive – between employees and consumers of services. Attention is focused on the fact that in the context of the globalization of service markets, along with a strategy aimed at external consumers, the company is developing a strategy aimed at internal consumers (internal marketing) and effective interaction between company personnel and the client in the service process (interactive marketing). Strategies for each element of the overall service marketing strategy are characterized: product, its price, place of sale, promotion, people, process and physical environment (the "7P" mix-marketing). It is noted that digital technologies open up wide business opportunities for companies on the global market.

Implementation of Global Reporting Initiatives (GRI) Standards in Service Sector Companies

This research is entitled Implementation of Global Reporting Initiatives (GRI) Standards in the Service Sector Companies. Sustainability reporting, aligned with global standards like the GRI Standards, has become imperative for organizations worldwide. This study delves into the application and effectiveness of these standards in diverse sectors, specifically the financial and healthcare industries. Investigating eight companies—four from each sector—this research assesses how GRI Standards guide sustainability reporting practices. The study analyzes the extent of adherence to these standards in disclosing economic, environmental, and social topics. Employing qualitative comparative analysis, Sustainability Reports were meticulously reviewed. Findings unveiled varying degrees of GRI Standards implementation, indicating a need for heightened awareness and training, especially in specific reporting areas. The study recommends investment in training programs for organizations to enhance their grasp and application of GRI Standards. Moreover, collaboration between regulatory bodies and industry associations is vital to formulate sector-specific guidelines, ensuring consistency in sustainability reporting across diverse industries. However, it's crucial to note that the study's scope is limited to the financial and healthcare sectors, warranting further research for a broader understanding of GRI Standards implementation across industries.

FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI STOCK RETURN PADA SEKTOR PERDAGANGAN, JASA DAN INVESTASI BEI

This study aims to determine the effect of COVID-19, market capitalization and trading volume on stock returns in trading, service and investment sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2020. The sample was selected using purposive sampling method and valid data. are 72 companies. The research technique used in this study is panel data regression with the help of the EViews version 12 program. The results show that COVID-19 has a negative and significant effect on stock returns. Market capitalization and trading volume have a significant positive effect on stock returns. The implications of the research are to add information about the effect of COVID-19, market capitalization and trading volume on stock returns during the ongoing pandemic and to provide considerations for investors before investing in a company.

The Effect of Liquidity, Profitability, Company Size, Leverage and Age of Company Listings on the Completeness of Internet Financial Reporting Information

Company as an entity has an obligation to conduct financial reporting, along with the rapid growth of information technology in recent years, manual financial reporting is no longer adequate. Companies that have been listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) are required to conduct financial reporting either manually (hardcopy) or electronically (softcopy) through the company's official website. Financial reporting through the company's website is also known as Internet Financial Reporting (IFR). Therefore, this study aims to test and analyze the factors that affect the completeness of the company's IFR information. This research was conducted quantitatively using independent variables namely liquidity, profitability, company size, leverage and company listing age, while the dependent variable of this research is Internet Financial Reporting. The type of data used is quantitative data in the form of financial statements on the IDX website and the website of each company. The method of data collection is documentation. The research object is a service sector company registered in the IDX in 2017-2019. Data analysis is performed with multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the size of the company has a positive effect on the completeness of IFR information. This means that the larger the size of the company, the company will present IFR with more adequate information on the company's website. The test results also proved that leverage negatively affects the completeness of IFR information. This indicates that the greater the leverage of the company, the company will present IFR with lower completeness of information on the company's website. The test results also showed that liquidity, profitability and listing life had no effect on the completeness of IFR information.

Analysis of the Influence of Profitability, Solvency, Liquidity, and Firm Size on the Timeliness of Financial Reporting with Audit Opinion as a Moderating Variable in Sector Trading, Services, and Investment Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2020

This study aimed to test the effect of profitability, solvency, liquidity, and firm size on the timeliness of financial reporting with audit opinion as a moderation variable in the trade, service, and investment companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population in this study was taken from the trade, service, and investment sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2016-2020. Where the company included in the criteria was 79 companies. Data is processed using a logistics regression test. The results of this study concluded that solvency affects the timeliness of financial reporting, while profitability, liquidity, and firm size do not affect the timeliness of financial reporting. Audit opinion can moderate firm size to the timeliness of financial reporting, and audit opinion cannot moderate the relationship between profitability, solvency, and liquidity to the timeliness of financial reporting. Keywords: profitability, solvency, liquidity, firm size, audit opinion, and timeliness

Evaluation of the degree of social responsibility in micro and small businesses in the food service sector

The objective of this study was to evaluate the degree of social responsibility in micro and small companies in the food service sector. The evaluations were applied to 63 fixed establishments dedicated to the preparation, sale and consumption of food, distributed in eight municipalities of the state of Jalisco, Mexico, which were grouped according to the categories established in the North American Industrial Classification System. A single visit survey was applied to each establishment. The Corporate Social Responsibility index was applied to the results. 6.3 % of the establishments were Socially Responsible, 54 % moderately responsible and 39.7 % as not responsible. The last two ones have elements of Corporate Social Responsibility, but not as structured programs. It contributes to obtain a deeper understanding of the problems involved in trying to apply a sustainable administrative management to accommodate a system of social responsibility, which supports and records the decisions that are being made in the company from this perspective, in order to plan successful intervention strategies.

Corporate social responsibility expenditure and financial performance: the moderating role of family ownership

Purpose The paper aims to examine how Indian non-financial service sector companies’ financial performance is influenced by their corporate social responsibility (CSR) expenditures. The paper also analyses whether family ownership has a moderating role in the CSR expenditure–financial performance association. Design/methodology/approach The study includes 288 non-financial service sector companies listed in India with 3,456 firm-year observations. Panel data regression analysis using data for 12 years, starting from 2010 to 2021, is carried out. Findings The study reveals a positive influence of CSR spending on financial performance measures (Tobin’s Q and return on assets). Mandatory CSR policies also influence the company’s performance. Additionally, family ownership has a positive moderating effect on CSR expenditure–financial performance (Tobin’s Q). Research limitations/implications The study gives insights to the managers on how CSR expenditures can be used to maximise their benefits by supporting social causes, particularly in the case of firms with ownership structures where family involvement is there. Originality/value The prior studies analysing family ownership effect on the CSR–financial performance relationship are fewer, and in a country like India, where corporate philanthropy is a part of the family business culture, there is a need to understand how CSR spending influences firm performance.

A Study on Financial Performance of Service Sector Companies Based on Pre and Post-Merger and Acquisition in India

This study aims to explore and analyze the impact of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) on service sector companies, both before and after the transaction takes place. Mergers and acquisitions have become increasingly prevalent in the service sector as companies seek growth opportunities, market expansion, and enhanced competitive advantage. However, the outcomes of such strategic moves can vary significantly depending on the pre and post-M&A strategies employed. The study adopts a comprehensive research approach that involves the analysis of both qualitative and quantitative data. The primary data collection methods include interviews with key stakeholders involved in M&A activities within the service sector, such as executives, managers, and employees. Secondary data from financial reports, industry publications, and academic literature are also utilized to provide a broader context for the study. The pre-merger phase focuses on the analysis of factors influencing the decision-making process, such as strategic alignment, cultural fit, financial performance, and regulatory compliance. By studying successful and unsuccessful M&A attempts, the research aims to identify key drivers and challenges in the pre-merger phase. The post-merger phase investigates the effects of M&A on various aspects of the service sector companies, including operational efficiency, financial performance, customer satisfaction, and employee morale. Additionally, the study examines how post-M&A integration strategies, such as cultural assimilation, resource consolidation, and technology harmonization, contribute to the overall success of the transaction. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the best practices and lessons learned from pre and post-merger activities within the service sector. By understanding the factors that influence M&A outcomes, service sector companies can make informed decisions and develop effective integration strategies to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks associated with M&A transactions.