Sports Services Research Articles

Changes to the regulatory system for sports funding through the corporate tax system and the concentration of subsidies

Support through the corporate tax system is a very specific form of funding to promote the functioning of team sports. The basic idea of the mechanism is that profit-oriented companies can donate a larger part of their corporate tax to sports organisations. The scheme has been in operation in Hungary since 2011. Its introduction and fine-tuning required several legislative changes and EU approval. Its importance is reflected in the increase in the number of sports organisations in the respective sports. While funding is available to many sports organisations, in some cases it is quite concentrated. In our empirical research we sought to find out how the degree of concentration has changed over time. The degree of concentration has an impact on how balanced the competition is. One of the key values for sports services is the requirement of an uncertain output. The data reveal that over time the distribution has become more evenly balanced across all sport operators. The amount of funding for sports organisations has started to converge. According to these figures, there are several sports organisations with equivalent subsidies participating in the competition system. However, the majority of clubs with the highest subsidies tend to be the same from year to year. The allocation of grants is determined by the sports federation of the given sport according to the submitted applications. Decision-makers should pay particular attention to maintaining the balance of competition over a long period of time. To this end, the list of sporting organisations with the highest subsidies should be continuously assessed and revised.

Research on the group path of improving the efficiency of China’s public sports services based on DEA and fsQCA analysis

Public sports services crucially determine the transformation of China into a robust sports country. The enhancement of public sports service efficiency fundamentally manifests its high-quality development. We utilize the data of 30 provinces in China in 2020 as the research object, and we apply data envelope analysis (DEA) to measure and evaluate the efficiency level of China’s public sports services as well as Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) to identify the critical influencing factors; moreover, we explore the grouping pathways that affect the efficiency improvement of public sports services. The results of the study indicate the following: (1) Although the efficiency of public sports services in China is high, regional differences are apparent. (2) GDP per capita, government support, and years of education are the key factors for efficiency improvement. (3) Population-government-led, economic-resource input, and economic-educational dual-drive are the core pathways for enhancing efficiency. Therefore, the following recommendations are made: boosting the efficiency of China’s public sports services by focusing on the level of regional economic development and rationally allocating public sports resources; increasing the investment of public sports funds to enhance the quality and level of services; strengthening the government’s purchasing efforts to promote the market-based operation of public sports services; and increasing the average years of education to strengthen the public’s awareness and participation in sports. This study integrates Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for efficiency assessment and fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) for causal analysis in public sports services, effectively addressing the limitations of single-method approaches. Thus, the scope of research is broadened, and a novel perspective is offered. DEA highlights efficiency disparities within Chinese public sports services, whereas the input–output system enhances the accuracy of evaluations. FsQCA identifies key drivers, inhibitors, and contextual combinations that assist policymakers. Overall, this study enriches theoretical understanding and provides practical guidance, facilitating high-quality development and addressing diverse sports demands.

Physical culture and sports activity of Russians: the tasks of increasing in order to improve health and dynamics over 20 years (analytical review).

Justification. In the XXI century. The Russian Federation has made important decisions on the formation of a healthy lifestyle of the population and the development of physical culture and sports (FCS) in the country. The analysis of sociological research on the physical culture and sports activity of Russians is of interest from the point of view of the results achieved in the development of mass sports in Russia. Goal. To trace the dynamics of the FCS Russians' activities over two decades and their opinions on creating conditions for such activities. Materials and methods. Using the method of classical analysis and generalization of information, the results of various sociological surveys and scientific publications from the RSCI database on the topic (n = 43) were analyzed, the IBM SPSS Statistics 26 program was used for calculations Results. Surveys from 2006-2018 revealed a positive trend in the prevalence of FCS activities among Russians. Respondents began to note more often the presence of sports facilities in their place of residence. Recent studies show a growing satisfaction of citizens with the created conditions for FCS classes, but do not reveal a positive trend in their prevalence and in the use of places for such classes. Conclusion. To further involve Russians in FCS classes, it is important to educate them about the recommendations of specialists regarding human physical activity, taking into account the specifics of the motives for FCS classes and the reasons for refusing them in various socio-demographic groups. The wishes of citizens regarding the construction of new sports facilities should be linked to the installations for their use and with opportunities, including free time and financial resources to pay for attractive sports services. Comprehensive studies of these issues and analysis of statistics on the receipt of sports and wellness services can become the basis for a policy of providing benefits that stimulate physical culture and sports activity of Russians and for adjusting the standards of provision of the population with sports facilities.

Sport spectator well-being: a scoping review

ABSTRACT A clear understanding of sport consumer well-being is central to enriching research on the interaction between sport organizations and consumers, and more tangibly, to advancing public policy. This research offers a scoping review of existing studies on the well-being of sport spectators, resulting in the formulation of a Sport Spectator Well-being Process Model designed to direct future research endeavors. The review includes 76 peer-reviewed articles comprising reviews, qualitative and quantitative studies. A dual approach of frequency and thematic analysis was utilized to synthesize the findings. The frequency analysis highlighted an increasing trend in relevant publications over time, and the thematic analysis informed the development of a conceptual model of the four key stages of the sport spectator well-being process. The review also identified three significant research gaps: (1) the narrow scope of research contexts, (2) a limited range of theoretical frameworks employed and (3) challenges in research methodology. The findings significantly contribute to the transformative sport service research by integrating positive psychology concepts into the discourse on sport spectator well-being. The conceptual model is vital for researchers exploring the intricate relationship between sport spectatorship and spectator well-being, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of this significant topic.

RETRACTION: The Risk Evaluation and Management of the Sports Service Supply Chain by Introducing Fuzzy Comprehensive Appraisal and Artificial Intelligence Technology

Retraction: Y. Teng, Y. Wang, and H. You, “,” Expert Systems 41, no. (2024): . https://doi.org/10.1111/exsy.13279. The above article, published online on 13 March 2023, in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor‐in‐Chief, David Camacho; and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The article was submitted as part of a guest‐edited special issue. Following publication, it has come to the attention of the journal that this article was accepted solely on the basis of a compromised peer review process. The editors have therefore decided to retract the article. The authors did not respond to the notice of retraction.

Research on Safety Evaluation of Stadium Reconstruction Construction Based on Combination Weighting Extension Model

As an important carrier of sports services and the main force participating in the “short board” project of urban development, the renovation and upgrading of old stadiums have become an important trend for the sustainable development of venues in the context of urban renewal, consumption upgrading, and national fitness. However, owing to the complexity of the transformation process, the probability of safety accidents continues to increase, posing a serious threat to national property security. In order to reasonably evaluate the safety of the stadium renovation construction process and reduce the incidence of accidents in the renovation project, this study proposed a safety evaluation model for the stadium renovation construction based on the combination weighting extension model. First, according to the 5M1E theory, 27 influencing factors were selected, a safety evaluation index system for stadium reconstruction construction was constructed, and the safety evaluation grade of the index was quantified. Second, based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and improved entropy weight method, the combination weight of the index was determined, and a safety evaluation model was constructed using the matter–element extension theory. Finally, the established evaluation model was applied to the example of stadium renovation, and the construction safety level of the renovation project was obtained. The research results showed that the model has strong operability, and the evaluation results are reasonable and reliable, providing a new concept for the safety control of stadium reconstruction construction.

Android Based Sports Infrastructure E-Booking Application at Provincial Youth and Sports Office Using Waterfall Method

Booking is an agreement process in the form of ordering goods or services. The Youth and Sports Service (DISPORASU) is a government agency under the auspices of the Governor of North Sumatra. DISPORASU provides sports infrastructure that can be used by the general public by rental method. In the rental process, DISPORASU still applies the direct rental method, by coming to the DISPORASU office in Medan City, so this results in a large number of tenants piling up at the same time. Therefore, a system is needed that helps tenants in carrying out the infrastructure rental process. The concept is an Android-based Sports Infrastructure E-Booking application. This application was built and designed using the waterfall model and UML (Unified Modeling Language) with several diagrams, namely Use Case Diagrams, Activity Diagrams and Class Diagrams. The programming language used is Dart, Flutter Framework and Firebase as the database. By building this sports infrastructure E-Booking application, it is hoped that it can help improve performance in future business processes and become a reference for employees/staff in this agency itself.

Examining the impact of organizational and management variables on sport service delivery in Ethiopia

There is an observed general low performance of Ethiopian Sport Governing Bodies (SGBs) in service delivery. Evidence shows that the trend can be corrected with proper understanding and insight into the process of organizational and management factors of these SGBs. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of organizational and management factors as determinants in effective service delivery in SGBs. For this study, a cross-sectional research design was employed. Purposive sampling was used to choose 350 samples from 154 internal and 196 external stakeholders. The instruments used for the study were the key informant interview and the questionnaire. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and multiple regression were used to analyze the data at the 0.05 significant level while qualitative data were content analyzed. The findings confirmed that organizational and management factor variables had a significant positive relationship with sport service delivery (organizational structure (r=0.515), organizational capabilities (r=0.701), communication (r=0.549), management practice (r=0.571), materials & resources (r=0.527) and stakeholders satisfaction (r=0.742). Management factors jointly predicted effective sport service delivery (F (3, 329)= 165.868, R2= 0.612); organizational factors had a joint significant contribution to effective sport service delivery (F(3, 329) = 148.743, R2= 0.576). Further, organizational and management factor variables had a joint relative significant influence on effective sport service delivery in Ethiopian SGBs (F (6, 326) =130.81, R2= 0.707). Interviews revealed that there are weak relations with stakeholders, an unaligned structure of regional sport bodies with federal bodies, and managers with improper experience and knowledge in sport which influences effective sport service delivery in Ethiopian SGBs. Therefore, working together with stakeholders, structural advancement, designing rules and regulations that can serve a longer time, taking correction based on feedback from stakeholders, networked structures and collaborations with local sports organizations as means of improving service delivery employing shared burden and coordinated effort are recommended. Keywords: Management, Organization, Service delivery, Sport governing bodies

Analysis of the Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Urban Sports Service Facilities in the Yangtze River Delta

The spatial allocation of urban public sports facilities is critical for ensuring equitable access to basic public services and maintaining urban spatial cohesion. This study examines central cities in the Yangtze River Delta, utilizing Point of Interest (POI) data to characterize urban sports service facilities. Employing methods such as kernel density estimation, the nearest neighbor index, spatial autocorrelation, and coefficient of variation, this study analyzes the spatial aggregation, synergy, and equalization of sports service facilities at the community scale. The findings indicate that: (1) the spatial distribution of sports service facilities within community life circles demonstrates a clustered pattern, forming a concentric core-to-periphery structure, with notable variations in clustering degrees across different cities; (2) synergy among sports service facilities has significantly improved, with the emergence of multiple high-value clusters and low-value dispersions across various cities; and (3) the level of equalization of sports service facilities in community life circles follows the general order of Shanghai > Nanjing > Hangzhou > Hefei. These insights offer valuable guidance for the planning and optimization of urban public sports facilities.

Study on the Interaction between Changes in the Quality of Public Sports Services and Multi-Regulation

Study on the Interaction between Changes in the Quality of Public Sports Services and Multi-Regulation

Promoting “physical fitness” with “intelligence”—A research and discussion of intelligent sports parks under the background of national fitness program

The National Fitness Program Plan (2021–2025) (hereinafter referred to as the Plan) proposes to perfect the public service system for sports and fitness by 2025, make national sports and fitness more convenient, and advocate providing intelligent services for national fitness campaign. With the development of the Internet era, modern information technologies such as big data, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence have been introduced into sports affairs, providing technical support for the optimization of the public service system for sports and fitness. Therefore, in the context of a national fitness campaign, intelligent sports service is an important link for promoting national fitness in various regions. Relevant workers should attach importance to promoting “physical fitness” with “intelligence” in the process of advancing national fitness program, and actively creating intelligent public services for national fitness. Focusing on the integration of modern information technology and sports affairs, with the implementation of the Plan as the research background, the construction of intelligent sports parks as the starting point, this article outlines the construction plan of intelligent sports parks based on the connotation summary of national fitness program and intelligent sports. At the same time, it analyzes the issues that intelligent sports parks need to pay attention to in providing public services for national fitness, and proposes countermeasures for the high-quality development of national fitness services in intelligent sports parks.

Research on the Construction of Community Public Culture and Sports Services for the Elderly

The problem of aging in China is intensifying, so the construction of community public culture and sports services for the elderly should also be paid attention to. As an important position of public cultural and sports services, the community has great potential in enriching the spiritual and cultural life of the elderly and promoting the participation of social forces in the construction of an age-friendly society. Based on the review and analysis of the current situation of the literature on community public culture and sports services for the elderly, this paper combines the three aspects of environmental layout, sports facilities and public culture from the perspective of the elderly, in order to provide some reference and reference for the construction of community public culture and sports services for the elderly.

96 Building the customer experience in sports services

96 Building the customer experience in sports services

Analysis of wave characteristics near the pilot station

As one of the primary services ports provide, pilotage services aim to ensure the safe passage of vessels when entering and leaving the port. This study uses Taichung Port, located in the central part of the Taiwan Strait, as an example to analyze the impact of monsoon characteristics on wave conditions at pilot boarding points and to highlight their crucial role in safeguarding pilot boarding safety. By analyzing data from the ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) station north of the port’s northern breakwater and the Taichung buoy located southwest of the port, compare wave height distributions at the boarding point. The research addresses the impact of current and planned expansions, including constructing a new LNG receiving terminal with extended breakwaters, on wave dynamics and pilot operations. The study demonstrates that data from multiple sources—such as ADCP and buoy measurements—helps mitigate issues caused by missing data from specific stations. The analysis shows that numerical values differ slightly, while wave height trends at the boarding point are similar under current and expanded port conditions. The study concludes that the proposed expansion will likely affect wave diffraction patterns but will enhance the predictability and safety of boarding operations by reducing uncertainties associated with single measurement stations. Overall, the results of this study can enhance the understanding of marine meteorological information, improve the safety of pilot boarding operations, and thereby increase the efficiency and safety of port operations.

Relationships Between Service Quality, Customer Loyalty and Customer Repurchase Intention: The Example of Health and Fitness Clubs

This study was conducted with the aim of testing the relationships between service quality perceptions, customer loyalty levels, and customer repurchase intentions of customers in health and fitness clubs. The sample group for the study comprised 476 individuals (233 female, 243 male) exercising in health and fitness clubs. Participants answered the Turkish version of the “Service Quality Assessment Scale (T-SQAS)”, the Turkish version of the “Loyalty Scale in Sport Services (T-LSSS)” and the Turkish version of the “Repurchase Intention Scale (T-RIS).” For the analysis, t-test, MANOVA, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation statistical methods were used. The most substantial gap between participant expectations and perception scores concerning service quality was observed in the “program” subscale, while conversely, the “locker room” subscale had the smallest difference. The means subscale scores for the “(T-LSSS)” of female participants were identified as being higher than those of male participants. There was a positive relationship between service quality, customer loyalty, and repurchase intention. Finally, it was evident that members were dissatisfied with the services offered, indicating an inconsistency between their expectations and the actual service delivery. Managers of health and fitness clubs should make the necessary effort to increase the service quality of their clubs to the highest level. Positive effects of service quality on the formation of repurchase intention, the first stage of creating loyal customers, will increase the competitive power of health and fitness clubs in the market.

Results of research work on forming the readiness of future bachelors of physical culture and sports to provide pre-medical care

The article is devoted to the problem of forming the readiness of future bachelor’s of physical culture and sports to provide pre-medical care in the conditions of the educational process of a higher education institution. Readiness to provide pre-medical care is presented as a professional quality that ensures the compliance of future bachelor’s of physical culture and sports with the requirements of professional activity in situations of injuries and emergencies in athletes and consumers of physical culture and sports services. Based on the analysis of scientific sources, it has been proven that the issue of preparing future bachelor’s of physical culture and sports to provide pre-medical care is insufficiently developed. On this basis, a conclusion was made about the expediency of conducting a scientific study aimed at checking the effectiveness of innovative approaches and means of teaching students of the specialty 017 "Physical culture and sports" actions in situations of injuries and emergencies in the course of professional activity. The research work on checking the effectiveness of innovative methodological developments in training students to provide pre-medical assistance in professional activities is described. In particular, this characteristic is: dependent and independent variables; experimental and control samples; research design; methods of data collection, including a knowledge test, situational tasks, simulation tasks for providing pre-medical assistance in typical situations of sports activities). The results of research work in experimental and control institutions of higher education are highlighted. Cross-tabulation of data and histograms of their distribution, results of data comparison according to the Mann- Whitney test are presented. On the basis of the interpretation of the results of the research work, a conclusion was formulated about the effectiveness of the author's methodical studies in the context of the formation of the readiness of future bachelors of physical culture and sports to provide pre-medical care.

Sistem Informasi Bidang Sarana Disporasu Berbasis Website Menggunakan Framework Bootstrap

The North Sumatra Province Youth and Sports Service is one of the government agencies that oversees the fields of youth services, partnership services and sports services in North Sumatra. Previously, the process of collecting contract documents and procurement of goods was carried out by manually inputting all transactions using the Microsoft Excel program. Bootstrap is a framework used to build responsive and attractive websites and is built by applying database development methods via phpMyAdmin, building program websites via Visual Studio Code using HTML, CSS, PHP, and Xampp. The system creation stage consists of analysis, UML design, database design, and the implementation. So that the Web-Based Information System for Disporasu Facilities, which was built using the Bootstrap framework, can process data smoothly, quickly, with minimal errors, and the information needed about contract documents and sporting goods can be obtained easily.

Perception of interpersonal relationships between students and sports coaches in Piura, Peru

Background: In Peru, current laws require universities to integrate complementary sports services in order to obtain institutional licensing. However, the scarcity of information makes it difficult to understand behaviour among athletes and coaches. The objective of the study is to analyse the interpersonal behaviour between athletes and coaches at the Universidad Nacional de Frontera, Sullana, Peru, 2023. The study was a non-experimental, descriptive study based on a quantitative approach. A total of 85 athletes involved in one of the sports disciplines offered by the university participated. The valid and reliable Interpersonal Behaviour Perceptions (IBQ) scale (Cronbach's alpha = 0.913) was applied. The results reveal that football (31.8%), volleyball (30.6%) and basketball (18.8%) are the most practiced disciplines and are related to the gender of the participants (p < .016), whose ages range from 18 to 23 years. In addition, athletes value the support of coaches in decision-making but show neutrality in perceived empowerment. There is resistance towards pressure and discrepancies in emotional support and comfort from the coach. In conclusion, positive interpersonal behaviour is observed between athletes and coaches at the Universidad Nacional de Frontera, Sullana, Peru.

Analisis Dan Pemodelan Proses Bisnis Event Pada Dinas Pemuda dan Olahraga Sumatera Utara

The North Sumatra Youth and Sports Service is one of the government agencies responsible for youth services, partnership services, sports services and supporting services as regulated by law in North Sumatra Province. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of modeling and mapping the business processes of the North Sumatra Youth and Sports Department in accordance with Minister of Youth and Sports Regulation. By using Business Process Model Notation (BPMN) for business process notation and flowcharts for notation in compiling SOP documents. This research begins with assessing SOP needs, planning and preparing business processes, developing business processes, then verifying the business processes created, compiling SOPs and carrying out SOP verification and SOP validation. The results of this research are in the form of an optimum and efficient event business process model, as well as recommendations for improvements that can be implemented by the Youth and Sports Department.

Leveraging Digitalization for Enhanced Publication and Marketing of Sports Services

Sports institutions in Indonesia have yet to fully embrace digital channels for disseminating and promoting their services to the public. Despite some institutions engaging in digital publication through mainstream social media platforms, the existing features fail to comprehensively address the requirements of the sports sector. This study aims to assess the efficacy of publication and marketing efforts by digitizing sports institutions via the SHC app, purposefully designed for the sports sector's publication needs. Employing a qualitative approach, data were collected from 108 sports institution managers utilizing the SHC app. Data collection entailed the use of a Likert scale questionnaire ranging from 1 to 5. Validity of the data was tested through Pearson Product Moment analysis, and reliability was evaluated using Cronbach Alpha. Subsequently, the data underwent quantitative descriptive analysis and Spearman Rank correlation analysis. Findings reveal that all features within the SHC app significantly impact and foster strong relationships in the publication and marketing endeavors of sports institutions. In summary, the SHC app proves highly conducive to the digitalization of sports institutions, significantly enhancing their publication and marketing initiatives. Keywords: digitalization of sports, publication, marketing, sports services, shc app