Service Oriented Architecture Model Research Articles

A model of service-oriented architecture of e-certification system to support boat registration and site visit inspection to support maritime safety and crew health inspection

AbstractThis article describes the architecture of software services that provide registration of small boat data to build maritime safety. The proposed system architecture which so-called SIMKAPEL aims to support small boat registration for maritime safety. It is developed from a conventional service-oriented architecture (SOA) with an open standard for data interoperability between elements. The goal of this research is to implement and evaluate the proposed architecture to support small boat registration and e-certification. Several parts of the architecture have been implemented as a platform that provides core services and data sources to be used by Ministry of Transportation, Directorate General of Sea Transportation, and other government agencies. Finally, the proposed SIMKAPEL platform with the SOA architecture is evaluated for its benefits to users through the expert opinion survey to measure its efficiency. The analysis results showed that SOA-based SIMKAPEL is feasible to use as a boat e-certification system. Furthermore, experiment results provide three parameters (e.g., maritime safety, namely, cargo/passengers, boat safety facilities, and maritime safety systems) with efficiency values of 42%, 46%, and 42%, respectively. The parameter with the highest efficiency shows a big effect on the level of safety of the boat and passengers. Thus, the parameters that need to be prioritized and need boat owners’ attention are cargo/passenger, boat safety equipment, and maritime safety system.

MDA4SOA+d: A new model driven architecture to supporting decision making in SOA

The utilization of Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) in Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a concept that has been introduced previously and published research is available on this subject. However, the main research s’ubject of this paper, fusing MDA and decision aspects as autonomous building blocks that form a full SOA, is a ground-breaking concept. This paper proposes an integrated model-driven solution method that will help develop service-oriented architectures while being aware of the need for decisions. Furthermore, our goal is to explore the standard models at every defined level; this is one of our primary reasons for utilizing the Service oriented architecture Modeling Language (SoaML) and the Decisional Model Notation (DMN) standard in designing several services. We also present a service taxonomy that defines the new set of concepts needed to model three dimensions. The proposed approach is called MDA4SOA+d (Model Driven Architecture for SOA with Decision Aspect), and it offers, among other benefits, a more comprehensive understanding of the entire system and the platform-independent development. It also enhances the reusability of the designs and simplifies the system’s evolution, thus enhancing productivity. The proposed approach will be illustrated with a case study for an IT Equipment Bid Evaluation process.

Service-oriented architectural model of discrete production system

Service-oriented architectural model of discrete production system

Using Internet of Services to Stablish a Service-Oriented Manufacturing Architecture model in Industry 4.0

Using Internet of Services to Stablish a Service-Oriented Manufacturing Architecture model in Industry 4.0

Extension of the service-oriented architecture model

Extension of the service-oriented architecture model

The architectural design and implementation of a digital platform for Industry 4.0 SME collaboration

This paper presents the architectural design and implementation of DIGICOR — a collaborative Industry 4.0 (I4.0) platform aimed at enabling SMEs to dynamically form supply-chain collaborations so as to pool production capacities and capabilities and jointly address complex supply chain requests. The DIGICOR architecture builds on the event-driven service-oriented architecture (EDSOA) model to support the collaboration between SMEs, dynamic modelling of their systems and services, and their integration in the supply chains of large OEMs, enforcing digital platform governance rules for knowledge protection and security. In contrast to the extant platforms assessed through our systematic review, the proposed architecture supports the entire lifecycle of I4.0 collaborations, from creation of viable teams to deployment and operation. The architecture provides an open and extensible solution for (i) creating a marketplace for the collaboration partners, (ii) providing services for planning and controlling the collaborative production, logistics, and risk management, while supporting APIs for third parties to provide complementary services such as advanced analytics, simulation, and optimization; and (iii) seamless connectivity to automation solutions, smart objects and real-time data sources. We report on the design of the architecture and its innovative artefacts such as the component model description and the semantic model constructs created for meaningful event exchanges between architectural end-points. We also describe a running use case demonstrating implementation scenarios.

An Evaluation Method for Service-Oriented Architecture Maturity Model

SOA maturity model was used to clarify and provide a common definition of SOA inside an organization. The model provides an abstract overview of SOA adoption by characterizing evolutionary levels. However, this study found that there is a lacking on how the previous models were evaluated to show that the model is conforming to the specification and can be implemented in the real-world environment. Therefore, this study aims to provide the evaluation method for the SOA maturity model through the verification and validation process. The Integrated Adoption Maturity for Service-Oriented Architecture (IAMSOA) model was chosen and the verification process is being performed through expert review where the study identifies the experts, determines the verification criteria, and collects and analyzes the feedback; while the validation was performed through case study by identifying the organization, determining the validation criteria, brainstorming, and collecting and analyzing the feedback. The verification results show that the evaluated model is comprehensive, understandable, accurate, and well-organized. Moreover, the validation results reveal that it is feasible and practical to be executed in the real environment. Conclusively, this study has successfully evaluated one of the SOA maturity models and shows the verification and validation process in detail which can be re-enacted in different projects and settings.

SoaML cognition and its potential application to Autonomous Driving: An Empirical Study

Recently, the architectural styles of 5G technology started supporting advance vehicle-to-everything (V2X) services. From standardization viewpoint, Service-oriented architecture Model Language (SoaML) specification has been used to model and design services for reusable environments. However, the system designers made less effort in addressing the issues related to visual representations (notations) in SoaML. In this paper, we present a novel evaluation approach to obtain the cognitive effectiveness of SoaML’s visual notations by applying the scientific principles from Physics of Notations (PoNs). Furthermore, we evaluated results of the cognitive effectiveness of SoaML via survey-based empirical study for reference architecture, intra-cloud space, and organizational boundary symbols. Our results indicate the applicability of the new proposed notations and improvements in cognitive effectiveness of the SoaML notation. For future work, we plan to test the proposed architectural improvements for designing V2X service-based use cases.

Dynamic mutual manufacturing and transportation routing service selection for cloud manufacturing with multi-period service-demand matching.

Recently, manufacturing firms and logistics service providers have been encouraged to deploy the most recent features of Information Technology (IT) to prevail in the competitive circumstances of manufacturing industries. Industry 4.0 and Cloud manufacturing (CMfg), accompanied by a service-oriented architecture model, have been regarded as renowned approaches to enable and facilitate the transition of conventional manufacturing business models into more efficient and productive ones. Furthermore, there is an aptness among the manufacturing and logistics businesses as service providers to synergize and cut down the investment and operational costs via sharing logistics fleet and production facilities in the form of outsourcing and consequently increase their profitability. Therefore, due to the Everything as a Service (XaaS) paradigm, efficient service composition is known to be a remarkable issue in the cloud manufacturing paradigm. This issue is challenging due to the service composition problem’s large size and complicated computational characteristics. This paper has focused on the considerable number of continually received service requests, which must be prioritized and handled in the minimum possible time while fulfilling the Quality of Service (QoS) parameters. Considering the NP-hard nature and dynamicity of the allocation problem in the Cloud composition problem, heuristic and metaheuristic solving approaches are strongly preferred to obtain optimal or nearly optimal solutions. This study has presented an innovative, time-efficient approach for mutual manufacturing and logistical service composition with the QoS considerations. The method presented in this paper is highly competent in solving large-scale service composition problems time-efficiently while satisfying the optimality gap. A sample dataset has been synthesized to evaluate the outcomes of the developed model compared to earlier research studies. The results show the proposed algorithm can be applied to fulfill the dynamic behavior of manufacturing and logistics service composition due to its efficiency in solving time. The paper has embedded the relation of task and logistic services for cloud service composition in solving algorithm and enhanced the efficiency of resulted matched services. Moreover, considering the possibility of arrival of new services and demands into cloud, the proposed algorithm adapts the service composition algorithm.

Key Performance Indicators for the Integration of the Service-Oriented Architecture and Scrum Process Model for IOT

An important aspect in any business process lifecycle is management of the performance, where performance requirements on business processes are specified as Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) with target values which are to be achieved in a certain analysis period. A KPI is a business metric used to measure and evaluate the individual capability, maturity, complexity, and agility of a business process in the development environment. This study designed four general KPIs for the integration of SOA and scrum to bring further advancement in these approaches for IIoT. The study also identified some common metrics which will give help to software developers and, especially, to those who want to apply SOA and scrum integration. These metrics will play a critical role of bridging the strategy and concepts of improvements with operational activities. The identified KPIs will help to measure the business agility, quality and value, team efficiency, and complexity of scrum- and SOA based projects. Software development organizations can also practice these KPIs to know where to focus their resources to deliver the ultimate business profit. So, software business organizations could better align their business projects and IT investments with the rapid market change and deliveries.

Analysis of Service-Oriented Architecture and Scrum Software Development Approach for IIoT

Flexibility and change adoption are key attributes for service-oriented architecture (SOA) and agile software development processes. Although the notion of agility is quite visible on both sides, still the integration of the two diverse concepts (architectural framework and development process) should be well thought of before employing them for a software development project. For this purpose, this study is designed to analyze the two diverse software architectural framework and development approaches, that is, SOA and Scrum process model, respectively, and their integrated environment in software project development setup perspective for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). This study also analyzes commonalities among Scrum process model and SOA architectural framework to identify compatibility between Scrum and SOA so that the Scrum process can be constructively used for SOA based projects. This study also examines the proper design and setup of Scrum process suitable for large-scale SOA based projects. For this purpose, an SOA based research and development project is selected as a case study using Scrum as the software development process. The project development and deployment perspective include eight core modules that constitute the overall project framework.

Demand-Adapted Service Oriented Architecture Using Lego Model

Many developments happened in Service Oriented architecture models but with no details in its technology and requirement. This paper presents a new Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) to all Service Enterprise (SE) according to their demands. Therefore, the goal is to build a new complete architecture model for SOA methodologies according to current technology and business requirements that could be used in a real Enterprise environment. To do this, new types of services and new model called Lego Model are explained in details, and the results of the proposed architecture model in analyzed. Consequently, the complications are reduced to support business domains of enterprise and to start associating SOA methodologies in their corporate software.

Service-Oriented Architecture of E-Government: Characteristics of the Anglo-American Model and Peculiarities of its Implementation in Ukraine

In the paper the advantages of the service-oriented architecture of e-government and its prospects for Ukraine are revealed. Service-oriented e-government is governed by a service-oriented architecture. Service-oriented architecture is the functionality of software as services aiming to establish compatibility in their provision. The model of service-oriented e-government architecture is divided into five layers (levels), arranged from bottom to top: operational level, semantic level, service level, process level, presentation level. The practice of service-oriented e-government in foreign countries is studies: USA, Canada, and Great Britain. These countries implement the so-called Anglo-American model of informatization of the state, which is based on: removal of redundant functions of government, delivery of public services to citizens, meeting the needs of citizens through information technology. This model promotes the development of transactions, payment for services via the Internet. Foreign experience shows that a key feature of government activities is to ensure the success of the implemented actions, as well as to control the quality and scope of services. Therefore, when developing e-government projects, the governments take their efforts to get the corresponding positive consequences in the availability of services: providing quality services to citizens and businesses; increasing revenues; easing the financial burden on federal and local governments, primarily by reducing documents and electronic services on the Internet.
 The trends of the model implementation in Ukraine are studies. The evolution of the issue included the Program «Electronic Ukraine», the realization of the E-Government Information System. The further steps are analyzed based on the information from the official website of the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine which provides the cases of service-oriented state (Popular services). The projects of the Ministry on Digital State digitize many services, update their legal framework, streamline the activity of state registers, and provide technical capabilities and data protection. It is concluded that service-oriented architecture of e-government is characterized by the features of its implementation based on such principles as: information-centric approach; the principle of a common platform, which focuses on creating an open information environment and common technological infrastructure for more effective collaboration of all participants and users of e-government; the principle of user orientation (all e-government activities are aimed at meeting the needs of service consumers); the principle of security and confidentiality.

Formalization of SOA concepts with mathematical foundation

With the development of the IT industry, agility and dynamicity are the two expected characteristics from any business enterprise. Service oriented architecture (SOA) is emerging as a promising approach aiming to address the current trends/needs of enterprise business applications. The current work aims at giving an overview of the conceptual model of SOA based on set theory approach. Also, it posits mathematical definitions for service, logical service, environment service and application definition with the help of general systems theory and mathematical foundation. With the help of mathematical model, the definition and functionality of services enhances SOA principles which can be used efficiently in integrating heterogeneous components.

Architecture-Driven Development of an Electronic Health Record Considering the SOAQM Quality Model

Service computing has been considered for many years a suitable solution to develop and integrate legacy systems. Considering the important role of services for integrating legacy systems in organizations, quality should be treated as a key issue. By observing previous works published in the literature, it is clear that there is a need for the development of a specific quality model for Service-Oriented Architecture based on the latest ISO/IEC 25010 standard. This article presents a SOA quality model, named SOAQM, multiple architecture views and design decisions for developing an electronic health record (EHR). Most often, quality aspects, architectural views and decisions are neglected during the EHR development, which leads to difficulties for future software maintenance. Even those studies which present the software architecture only describe one or two views, or even a multiple number of views in only one box diagram, which may be confusing for most stakeholders. The process proposed in this article to develop the EHR system includes definition of software architecture through architectural decisions, multiple views and UML and SoaML models. The set of architectural decisions defined to develop the EHR was guided by SOAQM. A technical evaluation was performed by a group of eight software specialists that analyzed the EHR process development through a technical report and then provided their opinions through questionnaires and interviews. As a result of this evaluation, the EHR development process guided by the SOAQM quality model is considered important as it regards quality attributes in software development since early stages.

Planning Catering Business Model for E-Commerce SOA Based: AU-OR!

The population and the many activities of people in big cities like Jakarta make catering become one of the services that are needed by the community. Society is one reason that catering services are needed. The need to order catering has increased to become an opportunity in the food service business. But in practice, it is difficult to find information about the catering that is needed information or marketing from the seller of the service that is felt lacking. The purpose of this study is to design e-commerce applications for catering businesses based on service-oriented architecture (SOA) so that they can integrate several service selling entities and help people find easier food service. The benefit of this research is finding an e-commerce application design for the catering business, can get catering information more easily and can make catering reservations easier. The method used in this research is observation on the respondent who are a catering consumer and business canvas model from the observation. The results of this study are SWOT Analysis, Business Model Canvas, and the design of e-commerce prototypes for catering businesses that can be used in catering industry which will going to e-commerce industry.

Scalable Models for Redundant Data Flow Analysis in Online Social Networks

Sharing and reception of identical video contents amongst the users of various online social media applications induce enormous amount of redundant data traffic flow across Internet layer, various planes of Service provider’s network and also increase in the data consumption of the end users. The primary aim of this research is to reduce the routing of redundant data across social media by means of a novel procedure based on the validation of pre-existence of contents at the receiver’s end prior to the actual video content transmission. A proactive middleware is proposed to handle the enormous growth of social media traffic transparently and hence a distributed Web based framework has been implemented for real-time traffic flow analysis. As part of the Service Oriented Architectural model, various services are defined to fetch a frame from each initiated video content, to validate the pre-existence at receiver’s end and to take appropriate decision for acceptance or deferral of the actual video transfer. The middleware which has been developed for redundant data flow traffic analysis is further extended to cloud services to address the scalability issues. The statistical analysis carried out by the proposed models depicted 27% of reduction in the total initiated traffic with adequate amount of data saving for the end users. The overhead associated in the transmission of the first frame of the actual video is also analyzed and it is observed that overhead is led by the substantial amount of gains achieved by the proposed model.

A Novel Framework to Automatically Generate Executable Web Services From BPMN Models

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is a business process management system in which integrated applications are used to manage business processes in a shared data environment. ERP systems usually deal with the two types of business processes, i.e., exchange and conversion. In the exchange process, economic resource, such as product, exchanges to another economic resource, such as the sales process. In a conversion process, an enterprise consumes resources in order to produce new resources, such as the distribution process. Generally, the communication between ERP applications, based on the conversion and exchange processes, is accomplished through Web services. In this context, the implementation of Web services in ERP systems is a complex task. To manage this, the business process model and notation (BPMN) are frequently utilized to simplify the development of ERP applications. However, state-of-the-art BPMN approaches usually deal with the modeling of exchange processes without considering the conversion process. Furthermore, the model transformation solution to automatically generate Web services from the BPMN models are hard to find in the literature. Therefore, in this paper, a novel framework is proposed that supports the modeling of both exchanges as well as conversion processes through BPMN. Particularly, a modeling approach is introduced to represent the ERP processes through BPMN concepts. Subsequently, the rules are developed to convert source BPMN models into target Service-oriented architecture Modeling Language (SoaML) models. Finally, transformation rules are developed to generate fully functional executable Java Web services from SoaML models. As a part of the research, a complete open-source BPMN to Web services transformation (B2W) tool is developed to automatically generate the Web services from the high-level BPMN models. The proposed framework is validated through multiple case studies. The experimental results prove that the proposed framework accurately generates Web services from the BPMN models, which eventually helps in developing the ERP systems with simplicity.

From inter-organizational business process models to service-oriented architecture models

Today’s business processes become increasingly complex and often cross the boundaries of the organizations. On the one hand, to support their business processes, modern organizations use enterprise information systems that need to be aware of the organizations’ processes and contexts. Such systems are called Process-Aware Information System (PAIS). On the other hand, the service-oriented architecture (SOA) is a fast emerging architectural style that has been widely adopted by modern organizations to design and implement PAIS that support their business processes. This paper aims to bridge the gap between inter-organizational business processes and SOA-based PAISs that support them. It proposes a novel model-driven design method that generates SOA models expressed in SoaML taking the specification of collaborative business processes expressed in BPMN as input. We present the principles underlying the approach, the state of an ongoing implementation, and the results of two studies conducted to empirically validate the method in the context of ERP key processes.

A review and future directions of SOA-based software architecture modeling approaches for System of Systems

Software architecture is a software system’s earliest set of design decisions that are critical for the quality of the system desired by the stakeholders. The architecture makes it easier to reason about and manage change during different phases of complex software life cycle. The modeling of software architecture for System of Systems (SoS) is a challenging task because of a system’s complexity arising from an integration of heterogeneous, distributed, managerially and operationally independent systems collaborating to achieve global missions. SoS is essentially dynamic and evolutionary by design requiring suitable architectural patterns to deal with runtime volatility. Service-oriented architecture offers several architectural features to these complex systems; these include, interoperability, loose coupling, abstraction and the provision of dynamic services based on standard interfaces and protocols. There is some research work available that provides critical analysis of current software architecture modeling approaches for SoS. However, none of them outlines the important characteristics of SoS or provides detailed analysis of current service-oriented architecture modeling approaches to model those characteristics. This article addresses this research gap and provides a taxonomy of software architecture modeling approaches, comparing and contrasting them using criteria critical for realization of SoS. Additionally, research gaps are identified, and future directions are outlined for building software architecture for SoS to model and reason about architecture quality in a more efficient way in service-oriented paradigm.