Server Program Research Articles

Determination of hydrostatic pressure on the plane surface of an arbitrary non-simmetrical form by the three-command method K123

Competitive struggle in the conditions of wide access to unlimited amounts of information and computerization of all branches of production and services imposes strict requirements on specialized knowledge, practical skills and general mathematical culture of future engineers. The online program of modern multivariate engineering calculation of the problem of determining the force of hydrostatic pressure on an element of a flat asymmetric surface with a curvilinear face is presented - https://www.k123.org.ua/jeh5.html. Algorithms are implemented according to the author's method of three commands K123 (c) Yu.D. Kopanytsia (hereinafter the K123 method). A client-server solution based on CGI technology with a web form for inputting source data has been implemented. The results of the online calculation were performed according to the new analytical dependencies obtained on the basis of the author's method K123. In parallel, the numerical algorithms of the author's method of three K123 commands and the conclusions of the corresponding calculations in tabular form were implemented. Realized generation of graphics by the server program based on the coordinates of the points obtained by iterative calculations according to the algorithms of the numerical implementation of the K123 method. The relative error of iterative calculations and the estimation of the accuracy of the result are automatically determined based on the proposed exact analytical dependencies.

A Design of an SMTP Email Server

This study developed a mail server program using Socket API and Python. The program uses the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to receive emails from browser clients and forward them to actual email service providers via the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). As a web server, it handles Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection requests from browsers, receives HTTP commands and email data, and temporarily stores the emails in a file. Simultaneously, as an SMTP client, the program establishes a TCP connection with the actual mail server, sends SMTP commands, and transmits the previously saved emails. In addition, we also analyzed security issues and the efficiency and availability of this server, providing insights into the design of SMTP mail servers.

Meta-2OM: A multi-classifier meta-model for the accurate prediction of RNA 2'-O-methylation sites in human RNA.

2'-O-methylation (2-OM or Nm) is a widespread RNA modification observed in various RNA types like tRNA, mRNA, rRNA, miRNA, piRNA, and snRNA, which plays a crucial role in several biological functional mechanisms and innate immunity. To comprehend its modification mechanisms and potential epigenetic regulation, it is necessary to accurately identify 2-OM sites. However, biological experiments can be tedious, time-consuming, and expensive. Furthermore, currently available computational methods face challenges due to inadequate datasets and limited classification capabilities. To address these challenges, we proposed Meta-2OM, a cutting-edge predictor that can accurately identify 2-OM sites in human RNA. In brief, we applied a meta-learning approach that considered eight conventional machine learning algorithms, including tree-based classifiers and decision boundary-based classifiers, and eighteen different feature encoding algorithms that cover physicochemical, compositional, position-specific and natural language processing information. The predicted probabilities of 2-OM sites from the baseline models are then combined and trained using logistic regression to generate the final prediction. Consequently, Meta-2OM achieved excellent performance in both 5-fold cross-validation training and independent testing, outperforming all existing state-of-the-art methods. Specifically, on the independent test set, Meta-2OM achieved an overall accuracy of 0.870, sensitivity of 0.836, specificity of 0.904, and Matthew's correlation coefficient of 0.743. To facilitate its use, a user-friendly web server and standalone program have been developed and freely available at http://kurata35.bio.kyutech.ac.jp/Meta-2OM and https://github.com/kuratahiroyuki/Meta-2OM.

N-terminal truncation of PhaCBP-M-CPF4 and its effect on PHA production

BackgroundAmong the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyhexanoate] [P(3HB-co-3HHx)] is reported to closely resemble polypropylene and low-density polyethylene. Studies have shown that PHA synthase (PhaC) from mangrove soil (PhaCBP-M-CPF4) is an efficient PhaC for P(3HB-co-3HHx) production and N-termini of PhaCs influence its substrate specificity, dimerization, granule morphology, and molecular weights of PHA produced. This study aims to further improve PhaCBP-M-CPF4 through N-terminal truncation.ResultsThe N-terminal truncated mutants of PhaCBP-M-CPF4 were constructed based on the information of the predicted secondary and tertiary structures using PSIPRED server and AlphaFold2 program, respectively. The N-terminal truncated PhaCBP-M-CPF4 mutants were evaluated in C. necator mutant PHB−4 based on the cell dry weight, PHA content, 3HHx molar composition, molecular weights, and granule morphology of the PHA granules. The results showed that most transformants harbouring the N-terminal truncated PhaCBP-M-CPF4 showed a reduction in PHA content and cell dry weight except for PhaCBP-M-CPF4 G8. PhaCBP-M-CPF4 G8 and A27 showed an improved weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of PHA produced due to lower expression of the truncated PhaCBP-M-CPF4. Transformants harbouring PhaCBP-M-CPF4 G8, A27, and T74 showed a reduction in the number of granules. PhaCBP-M-CPF4 G8 produced higher Mw PHA in mostly single larger PHA granules with comparable production as the full-length PhaCBP-M-CPF4.ConclusionThis research showed that N-terminal truncation had effects on PHA accumulation, substrate specificity, Mw, and granule morphology. This study also showed that N-terminal truncation of the amino acids that did not adopt any secondary structure can be an alternative to improve PhaCs for the production of PHA with higher Mw in mostly single larger granules.

Eğitimde Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Süreçleri Bağlamında Öğrencilerin Kendilerini Değerlendirmesi

With the developments in information and communication technologies, assessment environments and tools in learning are changing differently from traditional understanding. Web environments, which have started to be used extensively together with the Internet, offer a multiple and interactive environment for learning applications and evaluations. The web is a graphical service located on the Internet. Of the prepared contents (graphics, text, sound, animation, image, etc.) an application software running on an internet-connected computer can be defined as a web server in order to be transmitted to all users around the world and for users to access these files. Web server programs may differ depending on the operating system on which they are installed. Self-assessment means that the learner creates a critical approach to their own learning processes, keeps records or makes suggestions about evaluations. It has been observed that the critical approach positively improves the learning process. The fact that progress is recorded ensures that an appropriate direction is given to learning. At the same time, the person's self-assessment helps the teacher to be more fair and realistic about the learning process when making the final assessment. At first, the results of self-assessment may be surprising for some students, because self-assessment can get better with practice and guidance. Research has shown that evaluation correlations can become more significant thanks to adequate guidance. With the advancement of technology, educators are more willing to use electronic learning processes and applications. Electronic presentation, communication and resources affect learning in a positive way. Links between web pages increase learning by Deconstructing and creating by themselves. Cavanaugh argues that the use of self-assessment in education is an important technique and emphasizes that individual assessment reflects one of the pedagogical markers of web-based learning, which refers to the changing role from the audience to the actor. According to this, since students are lonely, self-assessment supports more effective participation rather than waiting for help directly from the teacher. Students need to be comfortable when evaluating themselves, and besides, they need to be more honest with themselves than with the teacher. Schunk emphasized that it would be appropriate to apply the self-assessment technique in formal, preschool and kindergarten education and stated that self-assessment would help students gain control. Key Words: Education, Measurement and Evaluation, Student, Self-Evaluation

Информационно-аналитическая система анализа региональных социально-экономических процессов на основе комплексного использования динамических моделей различных типов

Currently, digitalization processes are actively developing. Digital tools make it possible to strengthen a systematic approach to monitoring, analyzing and forecasting socio-economic indicators. The introduction of information and analytical systems (IAS) for the study of socio-economic processes improves the decision-making process in public administration and it is an urgent task. This paper outlines the principles and approaches to the analysis and forecast of socio-economic processes, implemented in the construction of an information-analytical system. The structure of the IAS includes a database of statistical data, an analytical subsystem and a subsystem for visualizing the results. The database is developed in the MS SQL Server program and it uses official statistical data posted on the websites of state statistics, the Federal Treasury of the Russian Federation, ministries and departments. It contains information on the total population and in the division by groups, on the population density in the distribution by age of inhabitants; fertility, mortality, natural population growth, migration; statistical data on human and production resources, gross regional product. The analytical subsystem of the IAS is developed in the Microsoft Visual Studio environment and implemented in the high-level C# programming language. It contains algorithms for analysis, modeling and forecasting indicators of regional socio-economic processes based on the integrated use of dynamic models of various types. Visualization and display of the results of the work of the IAS is given in the form of tables, graphs, diagrams, cartograms according to official statistical data of one of the regions of the Russian Federation – the Udmurt Republic. The developed IAS, unlike other information systems, analyzes not only indicators characterizing the state and dynamics of the socio-economic system, but also examines the structure of ongoing processes in terms of time, territory, and age of the objects under study. This system allows to quickly track changes in the dynamics and structure of socio-economic indicators and provide it to decision makers in a timely manner.

Exploring the impact of CYP11A1’s missense SNPs on the interaction between CYP11A1 and cholesterol: A comprehensive structural analysis and MD simulation study

The process of steroidogenesis plays a vital role in human physiology as it governs the biosynthesis of mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and androgens. These three classes of steroid hormones are primarily produced in the adrenal and gonadal glands through steroidogenesis pathways. Initiated by the side chain cleavage of cholesterol (CLR), this process leads to the conversion of cholesterol into pregnenolone and isocaproic aldehyde. The enzyme CYP11A1, encoded by the CYP11A1 gene, plays a key role in catalyzing the side chain cleavage of CLR. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in the CYP11A1 gene, which may predispose carriers to disorders associated with abnormal steroidogenesis. Specifically, missense SNPs in the CYP11A1 gene have the potential to negatively impact the interaction between CYP11A1 and CLR, thus affecting the overall metabolome of steroid hormones. In this computational study, we focused on a specific set of missense SNPs reported in the CYP11A1 gene, aiming to identify variants that directly impact the interaction between CYP11A1 and CLR. The three-dimensional structure of the CYP11A1-CLR complex was obtained from the RCSB Protein Data Bank, while missense SNPs in the CYP11A1 gene were retrieved from Ensembl. To predict the most deleterious variants, we utilized the ConSurf server, SIFT, and PolyPhen. Furthermore, we assessed the impact of induced amino acid (AA) substitutions on the CYP11A1-CLR interaction using the PRODIGY server, PyMol, and Ligplot programs. Additionally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted to analyze the effects of deleterious variants on the structural dynamics of the CYP11A1-CLR complex. Among the 8096 retrieved variants, we identified ten missense SNPs (E91K, W147G, R151W, R151Q, S391C, V392M, Q395K, Q416E, R460W, and R460Q) as deleterious for the interaction between CYP11A1 and CLR. MD simulations of the CYP11A1-CLR complexes carrying these deleterious AA substitutions revealed that Q416E, W147G, R460Q, and R460W had the most pronounced impacts on the structural dynamics of the complex. Consequently, these missense SNPs were considered the most deleterious ones. Further functional tests are recommended to assess the impact of these four missense SNPs on the enzymatic activity of CYP11A1. Moreover, Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) should be conducted to determine the significance of their association with abnormal steroidogenesis diseases in various patient groups.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Phytoconstituents of Ginseng Plant- Insilico Approach

Ginseng is a plant’s root of the Panax family that is characterized by the presence of ginsenosides. It is used as a traditional medicine for many years in East Asian regions generally as an adaptogenic medicine to make the body resistant to homeostasis and other adverse environmental factors. Inflammation and lipid signaling are intermixed modulators of homeostasis and immunity. Cyclooxygenase is a key enzyme in lipid signalling. The present study focused on the anti-inflammatory analysis of phytoconstituents of the ginseng plant against COX1 and COX2 genes. In this study we approached the study of the interaction of phytoconstituents of ginseng plant with COX-1 and COX-2 using an insilico approach. It is done in 2 main stages: docking between COX1 and COX2 with phytoconstituents of ginseng plant and the ADMET analysis. . The drug-likeness of phytoconstituents were predicted and the ADMET properties. Molecular docking studies were done using the Autodock server and MyPresto program to explore the binding pattern with COX-1 and COX-2. The result showed that phytoconstituents gallic acid and myricetin have high anti-inflammatory action due to the electrostatic force of attraction of COX1 and COX2. Quercetin, and apigenin due to high binding affinity due to the attraction of COX2, epicatechin, and chlorogenic acid on COX1. The phytoconstituents gallic acid, myricetin, apigenin, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin and quercetin can potentially be used as anti-inflammatory agents.

Molecular docking-based virtual screening, drug-likeness, and pharmacokinetic profiling of some anti-Salmonella typhimurium cephalosporin derivatives

ObjectiveThe rising cases of resistance to existing antibiotic therapies in Salmonella typhimurium has made it necessary to search for novel drug candidates. The present study employed the molecular docking technique to screen a set of antibacterial cephalosporin analogues against penicillin-binding protein 1a (PBP1a) of the bacterium. This is the first study to screen cephalosporin analogues against PBP1a, a protein central to peptidoglycan synthesis in S. typhimurium. MethodsSome cephalosporin analogues were retrieved from a drug repository. The structures of the molecules were optimized using the semi-empirical method of Spartan 14 software and were subsequently docked against the active sites of PBP1a using AutoDock vina software. The most potent ligands were chosen as the most promising leads and subsequently subjected to absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) profiling using the SwissADME online server and DataWarrior chemoinformatics program. The CABSflex 2.0 server was used to carry out molecular dynamics (MD) simulation on the most stable ligand–protein complex. ResultsCompounds 3, 23, and 28 with binding affinity (ΔG) values of −9.2, −8.7, and −8.9 kcal/mol, respectively, were selected as the most promising leads. The ligands bound to the active sites of PBP1a via hydrophobic bonds, hydrogen bonds, and electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, ADMET analyses of the ligands revealed that they exhibited sound pharmacokinetic and toxicity profiles. In addition, an MD study revealed that the most active ligand bound favorably and dynamically to the target protein. ConclusionThe findings of this research could provide an excellent platform for the discovery and rational design of novel antibiotics against S. typhimurium. Additional in vitro and in vivo studies should be carried out on the drug candidates to validate the findings of this study.

음주폐해 감소를 위한 포괄적 근거기반 지역사회 전략: NoMAD 프로젝트

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of an action plan that incorporates evidence-based community interventions in reducing alcohol-related harms in a community.
 Methods: The No More Alcohol to Drunken (NoMAD) project is a quasi-experimental study that aims to evaluate the impact of a community intervention for a district in reducing alcohol-related harms. The project incorporates evidence-based strategies, such as limiting alcohol in public areas, strengthening crackdown on drink-driving, responsible alcohol server program, screening and brief intervention for high-risk drinking at local clinics or pharmacies, mobile high-risk drinking management program, brain education at schools, and alcohol-free day campaign. The study will employ a difference-in-differences analysis to assess changes in alcohol-related harms 12 months after the implementation of the NoMAD project with non-intervention districts serving as a comparison group.
 Discussion: To our knowledge, this is the first trial in Korea to evaluate the effectiveness of evidence- and community-based interventions in reducing alcohol-related harms. Our study is expected to provide a prototype for community-environment strategies to prevent alcohol-related harms and establish scientific grounds for the efficacy of community interventions.

Simple high-precision diode laser system with digital control.

A simple wavelength tunable diode laser system has been designed and fabricated for laboratory use. Both the current and temperature controllers are based on an AVR microcontroller, and the experimental controls have been implemented with the help of daemon programs running in a message passing interface environment, which allows the users to run the control server and client programs on separate computers. The stability of the controllers has been tested using a distributed feedback (DFB) diode laser with a central wavelength of 852.3nm. A noise spectral analysis of the current controller with and without the use of the diode laser as the active load has been demonstrated. The absorption spectra of 6S 1/2→6P 3/2 transition of 133 C s, as recorded by using the DFB laser system developed, are also presented.

The development of BPR models in smart cities using loop detectors and license plate recognition technologies: A case study

The trend toward sustainable city development is associated with intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Automation, efficiency, safety, security, and cost-effectiveness are critical factors in establishing each aspect of a smart city. Real-time data obtained from ITS play an essential role in improving the level of service of road segments, enhancing road safety, and supporting road users with road circumstances information. Travel time information is applicable in travel time maps, decision makings for traffic congestion, dynamic pricing of the network, emergency relief services, traffic flow monitoring, traffic jams management, and air quality analysis. Travel time on a road segment highly depends on geometrical specifications, environmental and weather conditions, traffic flow, and driving behavior. Due to specific driving behavior and road conditions, the above parameters are not essentially applicable in another region. The present research uses the data collected from loop detectors and License Plate Recognition (LPR) systems to develop a Bureau of Public Roads (BPR) model for Iran’s freeway network (Tehran-Qom Freeway). Because of the large amount of data, the SQL server program was used for creating and organizing the database and the BPR model was calibrated using SPSS statistical software. The results of the BPR model were evaluated with an ANOVA test, indicating that the derived model can estimate the travel time at freeway sections with a %5.2 error for the volume-to-capacity ratio (V/C) of less than 0.8.

Оптимизация вычисления, построения, хранения сведений о математической основе топографической карты территорий высоких широт

The authors analyze the existing methods of calculating the mathematical basis of a topographic map. The availability of the material in the high polar latitude territories of Russia is estimated (according to the information in the Federal Portal of Spatial Data). An automated procedure for calculating, constructing and storing information on the mathematical basis of a topographic map is considered. A program with a simple interface is proposed, in which the coordinates of one point are needed to calculate the mathematical basis of a topographic map, and its name is required to store and retrieve the calculated information. It can function in the MS Excel environment, the database is created in the SQL Server program. The graphical representation is implemented in the AutoCAD software. It is a convenient tool for processing geodetic information and preparing topographic, geodetic, cartographic documentation in the form of tablets and layouts of sheets of maps.

Web-based geographic information system for sago plant production land in Merauke District

Sago is also a symbol of indigenous peoples, sago has become one of the important staples. The land tension of sago plant production in Merauke regency is supported by natural conditions and the climate is good for the development of sago plants. in the current condition, the community still feels difficult in the search for sago land because there is no publication media for the location of sago crop production land developed by the Merauke Horticultural Agriculture Office, by building this system will help the community in finding sago land, The system is a geographical information system of sago plant production land in Merauke district based on the web that uses the PHP and Xampp programming languages as a localhost server over the Apache HTTP server program, MySQL database and PHP programming language translator. System testing performed on this system uses the Black Box method and Beta testing. The results of testing using Black Box found that the geographical information system of sago crop production land in Merauke regency based on the web can accelerate the process of searching for sago land developed by the Department of Agriculture and Horticultural. Keywords: geographical information system, sago plant production.

Expression and in silico Analysis of CIDRα1 Recombinant Protein from Plasmodium Falciparum as a Malaria Subunit Vaccine Candidate

Malaria vaccination is an essential approach to combat malaria. One major protein studied for vaccine development is Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP1). It contains several important domains for malaria pathogenesis. The binding of Cysteine-rich interdomain region α1 (CIDRα1) of PfEMP1 to endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) is associated with cerebral malaria, while CIDRα1 binding to CD36 has been correlated with uncomplicated malaria. The vital function of CIDRα1 of PfEMP1 makes it a potential vaccine candidate to prevent clinical features of malaria. A long journey of vaccine development can be shortened by the advancement of bioinformatics and biotechnology techniques. This study aimed to express the recombinant CIDRα1 of PfEMP1 and investigate its potency as a malaria subunit vaccine candidate by in silico analysis. Constructed CIDRα1-PfEMP1 was expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) after induction with Isopropyl ß-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) and purified using Ni-NTA column. In silico analysis on CIDRα1 of PfEMP1 sequence was conducted using ProtParam Tool for its physicochemical properties, Iterative Threading ASSEmbly Refinement (I-TASSER) server and JPred4 program to predict secondary structure, 3D modelling, and ligand-binding site, BepiPred 2.0 and Kolaskar-Tangaonkar to predict B-cell epitope, NetCTL server to determine T-cell epitope, and Vaxijen v2.0 server to predict its antigenicity. The chimeric CIDRα1 of PfEMP1 protein had a 27 kDa molecular weight and was classified as a stable protein. The secondary structure consisted of 6 helices connected with loops. It revealed similarity to CD36-binding protein, EPCR-binding domain, and protein involved in rosetting. The 3D structure modelling demonstrated conserved ligand-binding sites and accessible surface area, which are vital for receptor binding. It had B-cell and T-cell epitopes and was non-allergenic. The properties of the chimeric CIDRα of PfEMP1 indicated its potential as a malaria subunit vaccine candidate. HIGHLIGHTS The binding capacity of CIDRα1 of PfEMP1 to endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) and CD36 makes it a potential vaccine candidate to prevent clinical malaria The chimeric CIDRα1 of PfEMP1 protein was a stable protein and showed similarity to CD36-binding protein, EPCR-binding domain, and protein involved in rosetting, which demonstrated conserved ligand-binding sites and accessible surface area, which are vital for receptor binding The chimeric CIDRα1 of PfEMP1 protein had B-cell and T-cell epitopes and was non-allergenic in in silico analysis, indicating its potential as a malaria vaccine candidate GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Data Analysis System Based on REST Architecture for In-Pipe Inspection

To solve the problems of high maintenance cost, low reusability and poor scalability of in-pipe inspection data analysis system, an in-pipe inspection data analysis system based on REST (Representational State Transfer) architecture is designed and implemented. A multilayer service-oriented architecture based on REST is designed, which decouples the functions of client, middleware, server and data storage to improve the maintainability of the software. REST APIs (Application Program Interfaces) based on HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) are designed, which encapsulate the core functions such as data analysis, signal processing, automatic identification and quantization into language and platform independent services to meet the needs of multiuser, cross platform and online data analysis. An adaptation method of in-line inspection tool based on metadata is designed, which abstracts the in-line inspection tool into a separate metadata file and decouples it from the client and server programs to improve the scalability of the software. Practice has proved the architecture can improve the maintainability, reusability and scalability of the software, and provide a basis for constructing online in-pipe inspection data analysis service based cloud.

Endorsement and phylogenetic analysis of some Fabaceae plants based on DNA barcoding

BackgroundDNA barcoding have been considered as a tool to facilitate species identification based on its simplicity and high-level accuracy in compression to the complexity and subjective biases linked to morphological identification of taxa. MaturaseK gene (MatK gene) of the chloroplast is very vital in the plant system which is involved in the group II intron splicing. The main objective of this study is to determine the relative utility of the “MatK” chloroplast gene for barcoding in 15 legume as a tool to facilitate species identification based on their simplicity and high-level accuracy linked to morphological identification of taxa.Methods and ResultsMatK gene sequences were submitted to GenBank and the accession numbers were obtained with sequence length ranging from 730 to 1545 nucleotides. These DNA sequences were aligned with database sequence using PROMALS server, Clustal Omega server and Bioedit program. Maximum likelihood and neighbor-joining algorithms were employed for constructing phylogeny. Overall, these results indicated that the phylogenetic tree analysis and the evolutionary distances of an individual dataset of each species were agreed with a phylogenetic tree of all each other consisting of two clades, the first clade comprising (Enterolobium contortisiliquum, Albizia lebbek), Acacia saligna, Leucaena leucocephala, Dichrostachys Cinerea, (Delonix regia, Parkinsonia aculeata), (Senna surattensis, Cassia fistula, Cassia javanica) and Schotia brachypetala were more closely to each other, respectively. The remaining four species of Erythrina humeana, (Sophora secundiflora, Dalbergia Sissoo, Tipuana Tipu) constituted the second clade.ConclusionMoreover, their sequences could be successfully utilized in single nucleotide polymorphism or as part of the sequence as DNA fragment analysis utilizing polymerase chain reaction in plant systematic. Therefore, MatK gene is considered promising a candidate for DNA barcoding in the plant family Fabaceae and provides a clear relationship between the families.

Temporal-logic query checking over finite data streams

This paper describes a technique for solving temporal-logic queries over finite sets of finite-length data streams. Such data streams arise in many domains, including server logs, program testing, and financial and marketing data; temporal-logic formulas that are satisfied by all data streams in a set can provide insight into the underlying dynamics of the system generating the streams. Our approach to finding such formulas is based on solving queries, or formulas that include an unknown, given in a variant of linear temporal logic (LTL). Solving such a query involves computing all propositional formulas that, when substituted for the unknown in the query, yield an LTL formula satisfied by all data streams in the set. We give an automaton-based approach to solving these queries and demonstrate a working implementation via a pilot study.

Buddy Stacks: Protecting Return Addresses with Efficient Thread-Local Storage and Runtime Re-Randomization

Shadow stacks play an important role in protecting return addresses to mitigate ROP attacks. Parallel shadow stacks, which shadow the call stack of each thread at the same constant offset for all threads, are known not to support multi-threading well. On the other hand, compact shadow stacks must maintain a separate shadow stack pointer in thread-local storage (TLS) , which can be implemented in terms of a register or the per-thread Thread-Control-Block (TCB) , suffering from poor compatibility in the former or high performance overhead in the latter. In addition, shadow stacks are vulnerable to information disclosure attacks. In this paper, we propose to mitigate ROP attacks for single- and multi-threaded server programs running on general-purpose computing systems by using a novel stack layout, called a buddy stack (referred to as Bustk ), that is highly performant, compatible with existing code, and provides meaningful security. These goals are met due to three novel design aspects in Bustk . First, Bustk places a parallel shadow stack just below a thread’s call stack (as each other’s buddies allocated together), avoiding the need to maintain a separate shadow stack pointer and making it now well-suited for multi-threading. Second, Bustk uses an efficient stack-based thread-local storage mechanism, denoted STK-TLS , to store thread-specific metadata in two TLS sections just below the shadow stack in dual redundancy (as each other’s buddies), so that both can be accessed and updated in a lightweight manner from the call stack pointer rsp alone. Finally, Bustk re-randomizes continuously (on the order of milliseconds) the return addresses on the shadow stack by using a new microsecond-level runtime re-randomization technique, denoted STK-MSR . This mechanism aims to obsolete leaked information, making it extremely unlikely for the attacker to hijack return addresses, particularly against a server program that sits often tens of milliseconds away from the attacker. Our evaluation using web servers, Nginx and Apache Httpd , shows that Bustk works well in terms of performance, compatibility, and security provided, with its parallel shadow stacks incurring acceptable memory overhead for real-world applications and its STK-TLS mechanism costing only two pages per thread. In particular, Bustk can protect the Nginx and Apache servers with an adaptive 1-ms re-randomization policy (without observable overheads when IO is intensive, with about 17,000 requests per second). In addition, we have also evaluated Bustk using other non-server applications, Firefox , Python , LLVM , JDK and SPEC CPU2006 , to demonstrate further the same degree of performance and compatibility provided, but the protection provided for, say, browsers, is weaker (since network-access delays can no longer be assumed).

Конкурентоспособность системы промышленного Интернета вещей

The article considers a new paradigm of competition, the essence of which is a combination of competition with cooperation within the framework of the interaction of ecosystems of the industrial Internet of Things. The conditions under which this cooperation is most effective are determined. The information and intellectual interaction of industrial Internet of Things ecosystems through the exchange of their services is considered. Important conditions: specialization of services of industrial Internet of Things ecosystems and the intensity of their exchange of services. The result is the generation of many business models, creating an explosion of opportunities to increase the value of the economy of the industrial Internet of Things. The task of selecting the most promising effective business models from the set of obtained business models is not trivial, the use of which ultimately gives a high competitiveness of the ecosystems involved in the exchange of services. However, no one has canceled economical, technically advanced solutions and competitive solutions at all levels of the functioning of the industrial Internet of Things system, that is, at the levels of sensors, gateways, business agents, server programs, databases of dynamic data generated by sensors, executive devices. The article offers competitive solutions for all levels of the industrial Internet of Things system, the architecture of the industrial Internet of Things ecosystem is developed. The possibilities of the system related to the connection of people to the system of the industrial Internet of Things and to the transition to the “Internet of Everything” (Internet of everything or IoE) are considered. The Internet of everything significantly increases the set of optimal business models that increase the value of a particular product.