Serum Nesfatin-1 Concentrations Research Articles

Effect of cinnamaldehyde on nesfatin-1 levels in diabetic rats

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of cinnamaldehyde (CA) on fasting blood glucose (FBG), body weight, lipid profile, and nesfatin-1 levels in healthy and diabetic (DM) rats. 
 Methods: Ten groups with eight rats per group were used. Healthy and diabetic sham groups were administered 1 mL of saline for 28 days by intragastric gavage. Healthy and diabetic control groups were administered 1 mL 0.5 % dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for 28 days by intragastric gavage. Other diabetic and healthy groups (HG) received 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg CA for 28 days by intragastric gavage, once daily. Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (50 mg/kg intraperitoneally). Rats were defined as diabetic when FBG was > 250 mg/dL. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess serum nesfatin-1 concentrations. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) values were evaluated with a glucometer. 
 Results: Day 28 weights of all DM and HG + 40 mg/kg CA groups were lower than day 1 weights (p < 0.05). Triglyceride values of DM + 40 mg/kg CA group were lower than DM sham and control group (p ≤ 0.001). Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and cholesterol levels of the CA-administered healthy groups were higher than healthy control groups (p ≤ 0.001). Nesfatin-1 levels of all DM groups were lower than all healthy groups, and nesfatin-1 levels of all CA-administered healthy and DM groups were lower than healthy and DM sham and control groups, but these were not significant (p > 0.001). 
 Conclusion: Although not significant, the decrease in nesfatin-1 level is evidence that CA has an anti-obesity effect in both healthy and diabetic rats. In contrast to its antihyperlipidemic effect in diabetic conditions, CA has hyperlipidemic effect in healthy conditions.

Nesfatin-1 as a potential marker for functional hypothalamic amenorrhea

Objective Nesfatin-1 plays an important role in regulating metabolism, appetite, gut motility, and eating behavior. It is suspected that abnormalities in nesfatin-1 secretion may be involved in the development of anorexia nervosa, and as such, this study aims to investigate the “circumstances of” nesfatin-1 in patients with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA). Materials and Methods One hundred and forty-seven patients with FHA were enrolled to the present study. A control group consisting of 88 healthy, age-matched subjects was used. Both study and control groups had blood samples drawn to establish baseline serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol, prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, fT4, morning cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, testosterone, glucose, and insulin. Nesfatin-1 was also measured with the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Patients with FHA were found to have a significantly decreased concentration of serum nesfatin-1 when compared to healthy controls (6.21 ± 4.79 vs. 8.64 ± 6.63 respectively, p = 0.005). No statistically significant difference in nesfatin-1 levels was found between patients with normal and decreased BMI in the FHA group. Significant positive correlation was observed between serum nesfatin-1 concentration and 17-β-estradiol, while a significant negative correlation was observed between serum nesfatin-1 concentration and patient age, fasting glucose, and HDL levels. Conclusions This is the first known study to examine nesfatin-1 concentration in the context of clinical FHA. Patients with FHA were found to have decreased serum nesfatin-1 concentrations. This finding may prove instrumental in our future approach managing patients with FHA.

Nesfatin-1, Dopamine, and NADPH levels in Infertile Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Is There a Relationship Between Their Levels and Metabolic and Hormonal Variables.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is commonest endocrine disease occurring in women of reproductive age. This study conducted to clarify altered concentrations of Nesfatin-1, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and dopamine in PCOS women and controls. Also, to assess their role in PCOS pathophysiology and their correlation with measured biochemical parameters. In this observational study, 60 PCOS patients and 24 controls included. Medical history was recorded and full examinations were done. Serum concentrations of lipid profile, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FSI), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, testosterone, progesterone, estradiol, Nesfatin-1, dopamine, and NADPH were measured by ELISA kits. Values were analyzed using unpaired t-test and Pearson Chi-square test. The p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. In this study, there was significantly elevated waist hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) in PCOS patients versus controls (p<0.0001 and p=0.014). There was significant increase in FSH, LH, prolactin, estradiol, testosterone, Nesfatin-1, and dopamine (p=0.021, p=0.015, p<0.0001, p<0.0001, p=0.006, p=0.017, p< 0.0001) and decrease of NADPH (p<0.0001) in PCOS patients. There were significant positive correlations between Nesfatin-1, prolactin, and dopamine levels. Also, there was significant positive correlation between dopamine and BMI, FSI, FSH, LH, estradiol, and prolactin levels; however, significant negative correlations observed between NADPH and BMI, FSI, estradiol, and prolactin levels. Elevated serum Nesfatin-1 concentrations and their association with hyperprolactinemia indicate that they have a role in PCOS pathophysiology. Moreover, elevated dopamine and decreased NADPH concentrations could play role in PCOS pathogenesis.

Evaluation of subclinical cardiovascular disease by carotid intima media thickness, epicardial adipose tissue thickness, serum endocan, and nesfatin-1 levels in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.

Data on the presence and extent of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) are conflicting. In our study, we aimed to investigate the increased CVD risk in patients with PHPT by carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness, and serum levels of endocan and nesfatin-1. Patients with PHPT (n = 44) and age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects (n = 40) were enrolled in this study. Demographic data of the participants were questioned. Serum endocan and nesfatin-1 concentrations were assessed using commercially available ELISA kits. Noninvasive measurements of CIMT and EAT thickness were made with high-resolution ultrasonography and B-mode echocardiography. There was no statistically significant difference in serum endocan and nesfatin-1 levels and EAT thickness in the PHPT group compared to controls. CIMT was statistically significantly higher in the PHPT group compared to controls (p = 0.001). A negative correlation was found between PTH and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (p = 0.001) but no significant relationship was found between other parameters. We found that CIMT is increased in patients with PHPT and consequently, CVD risk is high in these patients. More comprehensive studies are needed to identify other markers that predict increased CVD risk in patients with PHPT.

Maternal Serum Delta-Like 1 and Nesfatin-1 Levels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Case-Control Study.

ObjectiveDelta-like 1 (DLK1) and nesfatin-1 are adipokines that have been shown to affect glucose metabolism. We aimed to search serum DLK1 and nesfatin-1 concentrations at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy in women newly defined with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and investigate the relationship of these adipokines with various metabolic parameters.MethodsSerum levels of DLK1 and nesfatin-1 were evaluated in 44 women with GDM, and in 40 healthy pregnant women by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. While performing oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for GDM diagnosis at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid profiles, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were also measured.ResultsMaternal serum DLK1 and nesfatin-1 concentrations were found lower in pregnant women with GDM compared with healthy pregnant women (418.4±282.6 vs. 586.7±303 ng/L, p=0.002; 12.2±7.6 vs. 26.7±16.4 ng/ml, p<0.001, respectively). Maternal serum DLK1 levels correlated positively with HOMA-IR and fasting insulin (r=0.395, p=0.008; r=0.374, p=0.012, respectively).ConclusionWe determined that DLK1 and nesfatin-1 levels were lower in GDM. Based on this study, it may be considered that DLK1 could be culpable for metabolic disorders in GDM.

Is there any association between low level of serum nesfatin-1 and fibromyalgia syndrome?

Objectives This study aims to investigate the relationship between serum level of nesfatin-1 and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) clinical parameters such as pain severity, disease activity, fatigue, emotional state, and sleep quality.Patients and methods Forty-six female patients with FMS (median age 40 years; range, 18 to 53 years) and 46 healthy female controls (median age 36 years; range, 19 to 52 years) were included in the study. Severity of pain, disease activity, fatigue, sleep quality, and emotional status were evaluated by visual analog scale, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue (MAF), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), respectively. Serum nesfatin-1 concentrations (pg/mL) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.Results There was no significant difference with respect to demographic characteristics between the FMS patients and healthy controls. When clinical parameters were compared, MAF, BDI, BAI, and PSQI scores were significantly higher in FMS patients than controls (p<0.05). Serum nesfatin-1 concentration was significantly lower in patients with FMS (p<0.05). When compared to the FMS patients without anxiety, serum nesfatin-1 concentration was significantly increased in FMS patients with anxiety (p<0.05). Serum nesfatin-1 concentration was positively correlated with BAI scores in patients with FMS (p<0.05).ConclusionLow nesfatin-1 serum levels may contribute to pathological changes in FMS. In addition, nesfatin-1 may also be involved in the mediation of anxiety-related responses in FMS.

Serum nesfatin-1 is associated with testosterone and the severity of erectile dysfunction.

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate serum nesfatin-1 concentrations in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). Patients with ED were selected from the Department of Urology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. The International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) was used to evaluate the severity of ED. Serum nesfatin-1 and gonadal hormone levels, including luteinising hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone were measured. The IIEF-5 scores (t=-21.034, p<.001) and nesfatin-1 levels (t=-7.043, p<.001) in patients with ED were significantly lower than in healthy controls. Moreover, patients with ED showed decreased testosterone levels (t=-3.478, p=.001), whereas there were no significant differences in serum levels of FSH (t=-0.088, p=.930) and LH (t=1.114, p=.270) between the two groups. Furthermore, positive relationships were found between serum nesfatin-1 and testosterone concentrations (r=.742, p=.001) and IIEF-5 scores (r=.395, p=.009) in ED patients. Additionally, based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under curve for nesfatin-1 was 0.884 with 83.3% sensitivity and 81.4% specificity in discriminating ED patients from healthy controls. The decrease in serum nesfatin-1 level may be related to testosterone and the severity of ED.

Can Nesfatin-1 Predict Hypertension in Obese Children?

Objective:The prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing and leads to co-morbidities such as hypertension. However, it is still not clear why some obese individuals are hypertensive and others not. Nesfatin-1 is a recently discovered anorexigenic peptide which also has effects on blood pressure (BP). Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between obesity-related hypertension and Nesfatin-1.Methods:This cross-sectional study comprised 87 obese children. The patients were divided into two groups; hypertensive (n=30) and normotensive (n=57) obese. The American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines were used to diagnose hypertension. Blood samples were collected after 12 hours of fasting to investigate Nesfatin-1 concentrations. We also evaluated serum trace elements in addition to the routine blood tests.Results:Body mass index (BMI), weight and serum Nesfatin-1 concentrations were higher in the hypertensive group (p=0.002, p=0.001, and p=0.007, respectively). There was no difference between serum zinc levels, but Copper (Cu) levels were significantly lower in the hypertensive group (p=0.248, p=0.007, respectively). There were positive correlations between BP and BMI and weight Z-scores and a negative correlation with Cu. The optimal cut-off value of Nesfatin-1 to predict hypertension was found to be >1.8 ng/mL, with a specificity of 71.9% and a sensitivity of 96.7% [area under the curve=0.703, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.577-0.809; p=0.002]. In multiple logistic regression analysis Nesfatin-1 [Odds ratio (OR)=1.103, 95% CI: 1.039-1.171; p=0.001], Cu (OR=0.947, 95% CI: 0.915-0.979; p=0.001) and BMI for age Z-score (OR=56.277, 95% CI: 5.791-546.907; p=0.001) still remained significant predictors of hypertension.Conclusion:Nesfatin-1 levels are higher and are an independent predictor of hypertension in obese subjects.

Comments on: Serum nesfatin-1 and galanin concentrations in the adult with metabolic syndrome. Relationships to insulin resistance and obesity.

[No Abstract Available].

Nesfatin-1: A novel regulatory peptide associated with acute myocardial infarction and Mediterranean diet

We evaluated the relationship between nesfatin-1 and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and Mediterranean diet scores. 67 patients with AMI and 33 patients with normal coronary arteries (control group) were included in the study. The patients with AMI were divided into 2 groups based on low (<32) (n = 33) and high values of the synergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with Taxus and cardiac surgery (SYNTAX) scores (≥34) (n = 35). Mediterranean diet score, serum nesfatin-1 concentrations and all other data were compared between the groups. Serum nesfatin-1 concentrations were significantly lower in 67 AMI patients (both the high and low SYNTAX groups) than in the control group (p < 0.001). Moreover, serum nesfatin-1 concentrations were lower in the high SYNTAX group than those in the low SYNTAX group (p < 0.001). There were positive correlations between the serum nesfatin-1 concentrations and Mediterranean diet scores in both the AMI patients and the control subjects, and there was a negative correlation between the serum nesfatin-1 concentrations and SYNTAX scores in the AMI patients. This study has shown that serum nesfatin-1 concentrations are closely related to the severity of AMI and Mediterranean diet scores.

Serum nesfatin-1 and galanin concentrations in the adult with metabolic syndrome. Relationships to insulin resistance and obesity.

Objectives:To investigate the serum levels of nesfatin-1 and galanin in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), and also to show their association with the parameters of the disease.Methods:We performed a case-control study with 84 participants (44 patients with MetS diagnosed according to the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and International Diabetes Federation criteria and 40 control group) were recruited from King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between October 2014 and June 2015. Anthropometric parameters, biochemical markers as well as nesfatin-1 and galanin were measured.Results:Nesfatin-1 levels were found to be significantly lower and galanin levels significantly higher in MetS group compared to the control group. A significant negative correlation between serum nesfatin-1 and weight, waist circumference, and body mass index were observed. A significant positive correlation between serum galanin and with fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, and triglycerides.Conclusion:Our findings indicated a lower level of nesfatin-1 and a higher level of galanin in patients with MetS, suggesting a role of these neuropeptides in the pathogenesis of this disease.

Effects of Probiotic Yogurt on Serum Omentin-1, Adropin, and Nesfatin-1 Concentrations in Overweight and Obese Participants Under Low-Calorie Diet.

Data on the effects of probiotics on adipokines such as omentin-1, nesfatin-1, and adropin are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of probiotic yogurt along with a low-calorie diet (LCD) on serum omentin-1, adropin, and nesfatin-1 concentrations in obese and overweight individuals. Sixty obese or overweight individuals aged 20-50years old were involved in this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups to consume either probiotic yogurt containing Lactobacillus acidophilus La5, Bifidobacterium BB12, and Lactobacillus casei DN001 (108CFU/g each) (n = 30) or regular yogurt (n = 30) along with a LCD in both groups for 8weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after the 8-week intervention to determine related variables. A significant decrease in body fat percentage was observed in the probiotic group compared with the regular group after 8weeks (- 1.51 ± 069 vs - 0.88 ± 0.68%, P = 0.002). After the 8-week intervention, a significant difference in serum adropin concentration (6.04 ± 24.46 vs - 8.16 ± 24.66pg/ml, P = 0.03 and serum omentin-1 concentration (0.09 ± 1.51 vs - 1.5 ± 1.8ng/ml, P = 0.003) was observed between two groups. We did not observe any significant changes in nesfatin-1 and other anthropometric measures. Overall, probiotic yogurt for 8weeks among overweight or obese individuals along with LCD had beneficial effects on body fat percentage, serum omentin-1, and adropin concentration, but it did not have any effect on nesfatin-1 level.

Powdered black cumin seeds strongly improves serum lipids, atherogenic index of plasma and modulates anthropometric features in patients with Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis

BackgroundHashimoto’s thyroiditis is associated with serious alterations in serum lipids and glucose homeostasis. The aims of the current study were to evaluate the effect of powdered Nigella sativa on serum lipids, glucose homeostasis and anthropometric variables in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.MethodsForty patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, aged between 22 and 50 years old, participated in the trial and were randomly allocated into two groups of intervention and control receiving powdered Nigella sativa or placebo daily for 8 weeks. Serum lipids, glucose homeostasis, and anthropometric variables were evaluated at baseline and after intervention.ResultsTreatment with Nigella sativa significantly reduced body weight and body mass index (BMI). Serum concentrations of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and triglyceride (TG) also decreased in Nigella sativa-treated group after 8 weeks; while serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) significantly increased after treatment with Nigella sativa (P < 0.05). None of these changes had been observed in placebo treated group. Serum Nesfatin-1 concentrations was in inverse relationship with serum triglyceride (TG) (r = − 0.31, P = 0.04).ConclusionsGiving attention to the potent beneficial effects of powdered black cumin seeds in improving serum lipid profile and anthropometric features in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, this medicinal plant could be considered as a beneficial herbal supplement alongside with the disease- specific medications including Levothyroxine in management of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis- related metabolic abnormalities.Trial registrationIranian registry of clinical trials (registration number IRCT2014090819082N2- Registered 2014-09-29).

Association of serum nesfatin-1 concentrations with atrial fibrillation

Nesfatin-1, a newly discovered adipokine, inhibits inflammatory response. Inflammation is involved in the mechanism of atrial fibrillation (AF). We aim to determine the association between serum nesfatin-1 concentrations and AF. A population of 200 patients with AF and 108 patients without AF were enrolled in this study. These patients were divided into three subgroups of paroxysmal AF, persistent AF, and permanent AF. Serum nesfatin-1 concentrations were lower in AF patients than in controls. Logistic regression analysis showed that serum nesfatin-1 concentrations were inversely associated with AF. Serum nesfatin-1 concentrations in permanent AF patients decreased compared with those in persistent and paroxysmal AF groups. In addition, persistent AF patients showed reduced serum nesfatin-1 concentrations compared with paroxysmal AF subjects. Serum nesfatin-1 concentrations were negatively correlated with left atrial diameter. In conclusion, serum nesfatin-1 concentrations were inversely correlated with AF development.

Effect of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle on changes in appetite-related hormones

There are limited studies available for appetite-related hormonal changes in bovine tuberculosis, therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the changes in appetite-related hormones (leptin, ghrelin, and nesfatin -1) of cattle with tuberculosis and to clarify their possible roles. A total of 30 cattle, comprising 15 clinically healthy cattle and 15 cattle infected with tuberculosis were enrolled in the study. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was performed by tuberculin skin test, and changes in the concentrations of ghrelin, leptin, nesfatin-1, lipid profile and muscular enzymes in cattle with tuberculosis were determined. It was found that nesfatin-1, ghrelin and muscular enzymes concentrations were higher in bovine infected with tuberculosis than in the healthy controls. On the other hand, leptin, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and total cholesterol levels were all lower in the tuberculosis group when compared to the control group. In this study, we detected serum nesfatin-1 concentrations for the first time in Mycobacterium bovis infection in addition to the other known appetite-related hormones. The data suggest that increased concentrations of nesfatin-1 may play a role in weight loss in bovine tuberculosis, but there is a need for further studies to determine its exact role in the etiopathogenesis of bovine tuberculosis. Key words : bovine tuberculosis, ghrelin, leptin, nesfatin-1.

The association of serum nesfatin-1 and ghrelin levels with metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia

Nesfatin-1 and ghrelin are two hormones which has opposite effects and play role in food intake. This study was planned on the idea that both metabolic syndrome and psychiatric disorders are associated with nesfatin-1 and ghrelin. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the levels of ghrelin and nesfatin-1 in patients with schizophrenia, by taking confounding factor as the metabolic syndrome (MS). 55 patients with schizophrenia and 33 healthy controls were included in the study.11 out of the 55 patients (%20) has MS. Serum ghrelin and nesfatin-1 levels of schizophrenia patients with MS have been compared with both healthy controls and schizophrenia patients without MS. Patients with schizophrenia had significantly higher serum nesfatin-1 levels compared to healthy controls. But serum ghrelin levels was not different in both groups. Serum nesfatin-1 concentrations were significantly higher in the schizophrenia patients with MS (10.51–350.8pg/ml) with respect to the healthy control group (4.86–68.91pg/ml). There was no significant statistical difference between the three groups in terms of ghrelin levels. Our findings suggests that, MS presence also contributed to significantly high levels of nesfatin-1 level. Nesfatin-1 may have a part in a novel studies regarding the treatment of schizophrenia and its metabolic effects.

Relation of serum and vitreous nesfatin-1 concentrations with diabetic retinopathy.

Nesfatin-1, belonging to adipokine family, serves as an anti-inflammatory mediator. We performed this investigation to evaluate the relation between serum and vitreous nesfatin-1 concentrations with diabetic retinopathy (DR). This study was performed in a population of 189 diabetic patients and 48 control subjects. Diabetic patients were then divided into diabetic patients without DR, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) patients, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients. Serum and vitreous nesfatin-1 concentrations were significantly lower in the diabetic patients than in the controls. NPDR patients had reduced vitreous nesfatin-1 concentrations compared with patients without DR. In addition, there were significantly lower serum and vitreous nesfatin-1 concentrations in PDR patients compared with the other three groups. Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum nesfatin-1 was negatively correlated with body mass index and fasting plasma glucose in diabetic patients. Serum and vitreous nesfatin-1 concentrations were negatively correlated with DR.

Concentrations of prealbumin and some appetite-controlling hormones in pregnancies associated with hyperemesis gravidarium.

Background Hyperemesis gravidarum, which affects 0.3-2.3% of pregnancies, is defined as excessive vomiting during pregnancy and usually starts in week 4 or 5 of gestation. Symptoms include weight loss, dehydration, ketonaemia, ketonuria, fasting acidosis, alkalosis due to hydrochloric acid loss and hypokalaemia and its exact cause is unknown. The present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between prealbumin, ghrelin, nesfatin-1 and obestatin concentrations in pregnancies associated with hyperemesis gravidarum. Methods A total of 40 pregnant females with hyperemesis gravidarum and 38 pregnant females without hyperemesis gravidarum as controls were included in this study. Serum concentrations of prealbumin, ghrelin, obestatin and nesfatin-1 were measured. Results There were no significant differences in age, gestational week, gravidity and parity between the two groups. Body mass index was significantly lower in cases than in controls. Serum ghrelin and prealbumin concentrations were significantly lower in cases than in controls ( P <0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in serum concentrations of obestatin and nesfatin-1 between the two groups. There was no significant association between body mass index and serum ghrelin, nesfatin-1, obestatin or prealbumin concentrations in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum. Conclusions Decreased serum concentrations of ghrelin and prealbumin in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum are independent of body mass index. Based on our results, we believe that ghrelin may be considered to play a role in the aetiopathogenesis of hyperemesis gravidarum and that hyperemesis gravidarum may result in disruption of the relationship between nesfatin-1 and ghrelin. In addition, we believe that the measurement of serum prealbumin may be used for assessing nutritional status in pregnancy.

Serum nesfatin-1 is reduced in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with peripheral arterial disease.

BackgroundNesfatin-1, recently identified as a satiety regulator, elicits an anti-atherosclerosis effect. Our study was designed to determine whether there is an association between serum nesfatin-1 and the development and severity of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Material/MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 355 T2DM patients (200 without PAD and 155 with PAD).ResultsT2DM patients with PAD exhibited marked lower serum nesfatin-1 concentrations than those without PAD. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated an inverse association of serum nesfatin-1 concentrations with the development of PAD in T2DM patients (OR 0.008, 95% CI 0.002 to 0.028; P<0.001). Simple linear regression analysis showed a marked correlation between serum nesfatin-1 concentrations and body mass index (BMI), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and ankle-brachial index (ABI) in T2DM patients. By contrast, multivariable analysis showed only BMI and ABI as independent correlates of serum nesfatin-1.ConclusionsOur study shows an association of serum nesfatin-1 concentrations and the development and severity of PAD in T2DM patients.

Serum and Synovial Fluid Nesfatin-1 Concentration is Associated with Radiographic Severity of Knee Osteoarthritis

BackgroundNesfatin-1, a member of the adipokine family, has been detected in synovial fluid (SF) from OA patients. This study aimed to determine whether there is a marked correlation of nesfatin-1 levels in serum and SF of knee OA patients with the disease severity of OA.Material/MethodsThis cross-sectional research enrolled 202 knee OA subjects. The Kellgren-Lawrence grading system was utilized to evaluate the severity of knee OA.ResultsElevated nesfatin-1 concentrations in serum were found in knee OA patients compared with the controls. Nesfatin-1 concentrations were markedly elevated with increased KL grades. Serum and SF nesfatin-1 concentrations were both significantly associated with the disease severity evaluated by KL grading criteria.ConclusionsOur investigation indicates a marked association of serum and SF nesfatin-1 concentrations with OA disease severity.