Serum Levels Of Soluble P-selectin Research Articles

The Differential Systemic Biological Effects between Computer Navigation and Conventional Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) Surgeries: A Prospective Study

Distal femur reaming-free total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was reported to possess lower risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or venous thromboembolism (VTE) than conventional TKA in a retrospective population-based study. We tried to offer prospective biological evidence by comparing the levels of AMI and VTE serum surrogate markers among the patients undertaking navigation and conventional TKAs to support these observations. Thirty-four participants undertaking navigation TKA and 34 patients receiving conventional TKA were recruited between February 2013 and December 2015. Blood samples were drawn from all participants before TKA, and 24 and 72 h after TKA, to assess the concentration of soluble P-selectin, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) between the participants undergoing navigation and conventional TKAs. We showed that significantly lower serum levels of soluble P-selectin 24 h after, as well as CRP 24 and 72 h after TKA could be observed in the navigation cohort. The more prominent surge of serum soluble P-selectin and CRP were perceived 24 and 72 h after TKA among the participants undergoing conventional TKA. Based upon our prospective biological evidence, the merits of navigation TKA are strengthened by lower levels of AMI and VTE serum surrogate markers.

Effect of Acute Altitude Exposure on Serum Markers of Platelet Activation.

Background: Platelets are the key factor in primary hemostasis. It has been shown that chronic altitude exposure increases platelets' aggregability. Nevertheless, data about acute effects and the underlying mechanisms are sparse. Methods: Sixteen healthy volunteers were examined in our hospital (519 m alt.) and 30 minutes after arrival in the environmental research station on the Zugspitze Mountain (2656 m alt.). Serum levels of soluble p-selectin were examined to elucidate platelet activation. In addition, serum levels of chromogranin A (CGA) as a measure of adrenergic activation, endothelin 1 (ET-1) representing pulmonary vascular tone and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) as a measure of inflammatory response were examined. Results: Acute altitude exposure induced a significant increase of p-selectin (116 ± 4.8 pg/mL vs. 132 ± 6.2 pg/mL; p < 0.01). Whereas MCP-1 was significantly lowered (538 ± 50.6 pg/mL to 470 ± 41.1 pg/mL; p = 0.02) and CGA was not altered significantly (88 ± 47.4 ng/mL vs. 79 ± 44 ng/mL; p = 0.22), ET1 was increased significantly from 0.8 ± 0.07 pg/mL to 1.15 ± 0.09 pg/mL (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Our study could demonstrate relevant platelet activation that was accompanied by a 44% increase of ET-1. This activation might obtain clinical relevance in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease as a trigger for acute events.

590: Successfully overcoming barriers to genetic counseling through national telephone genetic counseling service

589 First-trimester prediction of preeclampsia using soluble P-selectin,follistatin-related protein 3, complement 3a, soluble TNF receptor type 1, PAPP-A, AFP, inhibin A, placental growth factor, uterine artery Doppler and maternal characteristics Lorraine Dugoff, Howard Cuckle, Nicholas Behrendt, Darleen Cioffi-Ragan, Leslie Myers, John Hobbins University of Pennsylvania, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Philadelphia, PA, Columbia University Medical Center, Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York, NY, University of Colorado, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aurora, CO OBJECTIVE: To estimate the efficiency of first-trimester serum markers and uterine artery Doppler (UtA) in the prediction of severe preeclampsia (SPE). STUDY DESIGN: This is a prospective cohort study of patients presenting for aneuploidy screening between 11-14 weeks’ gestation. Maternal serum levels of soluble P-selectin, follistatin-related protein 3, complement 3a, soluble TNF receptor type 1, PAPP-A, AFP, inhibin A(inhA) and placental growth factor(PlGF) were measured by immunoassay and mean UtA resistance indices(RI) were calculated. The primary outcome was SPE. A secondary outcome of all PE including mild preeclampsia was also evaluated. Marker levels were expressed in multiples of the normal median (MOM), adjusting for gestation, weight, smoking and ethnicity. Logistic regression analysis was used to model performance. Maternal characteristics identified as significant in a univariate analysis were included in the models. Predicted sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver-operating characteristic curves were used to compare the screening efficiency of the models. RESULTS: Of 1028 patients, 26(2.5%) had SPE and 56(5.4%) had PE. Median PlGF levels were lower in patients with SPE (0.83 MoM vs 0.98 MoM, P 0.05) and PE(0.90 MoM vs 0.98 MoM, P 0.05) compared to those without PE. AFP was significantly higher (1.15 MoM vs 1.00 MoM, P 0.05; 1.20 MoM vs 0.99 MoM, P 0.01). Median RI was significantly increased in PE (1.05 MoM vs 1.00 MoM, P 0.05) but not in SPE; similarly for inhA (1.09 MoM vs 0.99 MoM, P 0.05). For a fixed false positive rate of 20%, PlGF and AFP identified 49% of patients with SPE; combining these with prior risk factors did not improve the model efficiency. The detection rate for PE was 44% modeling with PlGF, AFP, inhA and RI. CONCLUSION: First-trimester PlGF and AFP are each modestly predictive of SPE, but combining both improves detection.

Soluble P-selectin levels in synovial fluid and serum from patients with psoriatic arthritis

P-selectin is an adhesion molecule expressed by activated endothelial cells and platelets favouring the leukocyte adherence to microvascular endothelium. A soluble form of this molecule has been described, whose serum levels were found to be elevated and correlate with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Aim of this study was to determine soluble P-selectin levels in synovial fluid (SF) and serum from patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), where it has never been investigated, to define its involvement in PsA synovial damage. we analysed, by ELISA, soluble P-selectin serum and SF levels in 100 patients presenting a knee joint effusion: 38 of them presented PsA, 40 RA and 22 osteoarthritis (OA). We examined the main clinical and laboratory parameters of these patients. Soluble P-selectin serum levels were also detected in 15 healthy subjects. soluble P-selectin SF levels were significantly higher in PsA and RA patients respect to OA subjects. Soluble P-selectin SF levels were lower than those found in serum and the SF/serum ratio was higher in PsA and RA patients respect to OA. Soluble P-selectin serum levels were not significantly different among patients and controls. No correlation was found between SF and serum levels of soluble P-selectin and the main clinical parameters. our study of soluble P-selectin in PsA reveals a prominent local role of this molecule, with no differences respect to RA. Histological findings may be of help in understanding the role of this adhesion molecule in PsA.

Adhesion molecules and atherogenesis.

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the vessel wall characterized by monocyte infiltration in response to pro-atherogenic factors such as oxidized lipids. Recently, the role of specific adhesion molecules in this process has been explored. The endothelium overlying atherosclerotic lesions expresses P-selectin and the shoulder regions express vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), which is also expressed on endothelium in regions not prone to plaque development. Serum levels of soluble P-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 are elevated in patients with angina pectoris or peripheral atherosclerotic disease. Reconstituted in vitro systems using monocytes on cytokine-activated endothelial cells under shear flow suggested the involvement of P-selectin, L-selectin, VCAM-1, its ligand, VLA-4 integrin and CD18 integrins. Studies of monocyte adhesion in isolated perfused carotid arteries harvested from atherosclerotic (apoE-/-) mice show a predominant involvement of P-selectin and its ligand P-selectin glycoprotein-1 (PSGL-1) in rolling and of VLA-4 and VCAM-1 in firm adhesion. Consistent with these findings, apoE-/- mice that are also deficient for P-selectin show significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion sizes and are almost completely protected from neointimal growth after vascular injury. Milder effects are also seen in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor deficient (LDLR-/-) mouse. In a high cholesterol/cholate model, a role of ICAM-1 and CD18 integrins was also shown, but this awaits confirmation in more physiologic models. Transient blockade of the VLA-4/VCAM-1 adhesion pathway by antibodies or peptides in apoE-/- or LDLR-/- mice reduced monocyte and lipid accumulation in lesions. These data suggest that P-selectin, PSGL-1, VLA-4 and VCAM-1 are the most important adhesion molecules involved in monocyte recruitment to atherosclerotic lesions.

Genomic searches for genes that influence atherosclerosis and its risk factors.

We are performing genomic searches in randomly ascertained families to identify new quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that influence atherosclerosis and its risk factors. The genetic markers used for genomic searches are random microsatellite markers distributed throughout the human chromosomes. These markers are used for linkage analysis with variance component methods to identify QTLs for measured phenotypes related to lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis. We conducted such a genomic search in 477 participants of the San Antonio Family Heart Study. This genomic search identified QTLs on chromosomes 3 and 4 that influence LDL size class, an important risk factor of atherosclerosis. In addition to lipid risk factors, we measured a variety of gene products involved in atherogenesis in the arterial wall (such as adhesion molecules and components of hemostasis). We found QTLs for serum levels of soluble P-selectin on chromosome 15 (LOD = 3.8) and chromosome 12 (LOD = 2.6).

Serum Levels of Soluble P‐Selectin Are Increased and Associated With Disease Activity in Patients With Behçet′s Syndrome

Behçet's syndrome (BS) is a relapsing, chronic, inflammatory disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction, atherothromboembogenesis, and leukocytoclastic vasculitis with complex immunologic molecular interactions. Generalized derangements of the lymphocyte and neutrophil populations, activated monocytes, and increased PMNLs motility with upregulated cell surface molecules such as ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin, which are found on the endothelial cells, leukocytes, and platelets, have all been demonstrated during the course of BS. Our aim is to investigate the association of serum concentrations of soluble P-selectin in patients with BS, and to evaluate whether disease activity has an effect on their blood levels. This multicenter study included 31 patients with BS (15 men and 16 women) and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy control volunteers (11 men and nine women). Neutrophil count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and acute-phase reactants as well as soluble P-selectin levels were determined. The mean age and sex distributions were similar (P > .05) between BS patients (35 years) and control volunteers (36 years). Serum levels of soluble P-selectin in patients with BS (399 ± 72 ng/mL) were significantly (P < .001) higher when compared with control subjects (164 ± 40 ng/mL). In addition, active BS patients (453 ± 37 ng/mL) had significantly (P < .001) elevated levels of soluble P-selectin than those in inactive period (341 ± 52 ng/mL). This study clearly demonstrated that serum soluble P-selectin levels are increased in BS patients when compared with control subjects, suggesting a modulator role for soluble P-selectin during the course of platelet activation and therefore, atherothrombogenesis formation in BS, especially in active disease.