Serum Levels Of 25-hydroxyvitamin Research Articles

Assessment of peripheral blood toll-like receptor 2 expression and vitamin D serum level as predictors of response to intralesional vitamin D in the treatment of warts

Background Warts are common dermatological conditions caused by human papilloma virus. Most treatments for human papilloma virus rely on the destruction of involved tissue. The role of vitamin D injection in treating warts is thought to be via regulating cell proliferation and differentiation through the upregulation of vitamin D receptors and the induction of antimicrobial peptides. Objective To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of intralesional vitamin D in the treatment of cutaneous warts and also the significance of peripheral blood toll-like receptors 2 (TLR2) expression and serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in predicting the therapeutic success. Patients and methods In this prospective interventional study, 50 patients of cutaneous warts were subjected to history taking, proper dermatological examination, and peripheral venous blood collection for detection of TLR2 mRNA expression and a serum level of 25 (OH) D. Vitamin D3 was slowly injected into the base of the largest or the oldest wart at 2-week intervals. Results A total of 34 (69.4%) patients showed response to intralesional Vitamin D [21 (42.9%) showed complete resolution of all lesions, 13 (26.5%) showed partial clearing] and 15 (30.6%) patients showed poor or no response after four sessions. Serum level of vitamin D did not show a significant relation with treatment response. TLR2 expression was higher in the group showing complete response. Conclusion Intralesional vitamin D injection offers a safe and cost-effective therapy for different types of cutaneous warts. TLR2 expression in patients’ serum can be used to predict response to treatment by intralesional vitamin D, with better response in patients with higher expression.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with homocysteine in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

The aim of the study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and homocysteine in infertile-related PCOS. We retrospectively reviewed 208 participants (86 PCOS and 122 non-PCOS) who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria from March 2020 to October 2021 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Second affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University. Methods of Pearson correlation and linear regression were used to evaluate the associations between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and homocysteine in infertile-related PCOS, and a smooth curve fitting were used to address potential nonlinearity. An inverse association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and homocysteine was observed (r = -0.392, p < 0.001) in PCOS groups. Multiple linear regression analysis showed serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was independently negatively associated with homocysteine levels after controlling for confounding factors (β = -0.316, p = 0.006). Age, BMI-stratified multivariate linear regression showed that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D were independently associated with hyperhomocysteine especially in PCOS women aged 30 years or younger after adjusting age, BMI, and AMH. Herein, the current findings suggest that 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels was negatively associated with serum homocysteine in women with infertility-related PCOS.

Aerobic training with moderate or high doses of vitamin D improve liver enzymes, LXRα and PGC-1α levels in rats with T2DM

Dysregulation of key transcription factors involved in hepatic energy metabolism, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) and liver X receptor alpha (LXRα), has been observed in T2DM. The present study aims to investigate the effects of aerobic training and vitamin D supplementation on liver enzyme levels and the levels of PGC-1α and LXRα proteins in hepatocytes, in a rat model of T2DM. The study involved 56 male Wistar rats, divided into two groups: one was non-diabetic and acted as a control group (n = 8), and the other had induced diabetes (n = 48). The diabetic rats were then split into six subgroups: two groups received high or moderate doses of vitamin D and aerobic training (D + AT + HD and D + AT + MD); two groups received high or moderate doses of vitamin D alone (D + HD and D + MD); one group underwent aerobic training with vehicle (sesame oil; D + AT + oil), and one group was a diabetic control receiving only sesame oil (oil-receiving). The D + AT + HD and D + HD groups received 10,000 IU of vitamin D, while the D + AT + MD and D + MD groups received 5000 IU of vitamin D once a week by injection. The D + AT + oil group and the sham group received sesame oil. After eight weeks of treatment, body weight, BMI, food intake, serum insulin, glucose, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, ALT, AST, and visceral fat were measured. The levels of PGC-1α and LXRα proteins in the liver was assessed by western blotting. Statistical analysis was performed using the paired t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the Tukey post hoc test at a significance level of P < 0.05. Body weight, food intake, and BMI decreased significantly in the D + AT + HD, D + AT + MD, D + AT + oil, D + HD, and D + MD groups with the highest reduction being observed in body weight and BMI in the D + AT + HD group. The D + AT + HD group exhibited the lowest levels of insulin, glucose, and HOMA-IR while the D + C group exhibited the highest levels among the diabetic groups. The D + AT + HD and D + AT + MD groups had lower levels of ALT and AST enzymes compared to the other groups with no significant difference between D + AT + HD and D + AT + MD. D + AT + HD (p = 0.001), D + AT + MD (p = 0.001), D + HD (p = 0.023), D + MD (p = 0.029), and D + AT + oil (p = 0.011) upregulated LXRα compared to D + C. Among these groups, D + AT + HD exhibited a more profound upregulation of LXRα than D + AT + MD, D + AT + oil, D + HD, and D + MD (p = 0.005; p = 0.002, p = 0.001, and p = 0.001, respectively). Similarly, D + AT + HD showed a more notable upregulation of PGC-1α compared to D + AT + oil, D + HD, and D + MD (p = 0.002; p = 0.001, and p = 0.001, respectively). Pearson correlation tests showed significant and negative correlations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin levels and both visceral fat (r = − 0.365; p = 0.005) and HOMA-IR (r = − 0.118; p = 0.009); while positive and significant correlations between the liver-to-bodyweight ratio with both ALT and AST enzymes and also between QUICKI levels with LXRα (r = 0.578; p = 0.001) and PGC-1α (r = 0.628; p = 0.001). Combined administration of aerobic training and vitamin D supplementation potentially improves liver enzymes in type-2 diabetic rats that were simultaneous with upregulating the levels of PGC-1α and LXRα proteins in hepatocytes. These improvements were more significant when combining exercise with high-dose vitamin D supplementation. This study highlights the potential of this combination therapy as a new diabetes treatment strategy.

A study to see association between vitamin d level and obstructive sleep apnea

Obese patients have low levels of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D due to feedback inhibition of hepatic synthesis of the metabolite by increased circulating 1,25(OH) vitamin D. Obese individuals have more physical activity which limits their exposure to sunlight resulting in lower levels of 25(OH)D. Sleep fragmentation in OSA leads to daytime drowsiness, fatigue and hence decreased outdoor activity contributing to the same. Hence, OSA aggravates obesity and obesity aggravates OSA creating a vicious cycle and together contribute to the depletion of serum vitamin D level.Patients attending the special clinic of sleep were included in the study and were screened using STOP-BANG scoring system for OSA Patients with score of &amp;#62;2 were included in the study and further underwent polysomnography test. Among the study population, cases had an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) &amp;#62; 5 in polysomnography and controls had AHI &amp;#60;5. Controls were further matched for age, sex and BMI with cases. Vitamin D Level was tested in both cases and controls for comparison using arterial blood sample.Total ninety-three patients were included in the study, out of whom 59 were cases which formed the OSA group, had mean age of 48.02 ±8.435 years, mean body mass index (BMI) 33.73 ±7.48 kg/m2, mean neck circumference 37.8 cm ±5.08 Mean vitamin D level in the case and control was 21.02 ± 7.27 and 24.48 ± 6.92 respectively with a p value &amp;#60; 0.05, with a negative correlation of AHI with serum vitamin D level (p&amp;#60; 0.001, r = −0.286).Different mechanisms play a role in OSA patients affecting. This study shows inverse relationship between vitamin D level and AHI (apnea-hypopnea index) which was statistically significant and vitamin D level was higher in controls than cases. Thus it can be said that 25(OH)D levels and OSAS are related, but it is difficult to establish a direct causal association between them.

Effect of High-Dose Vitamin D on Mortality and Hospital Length of Stay in ICU Patients with COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Evidence indicating the effect of vitamin D supplementation on improving the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 is limited. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of high-dose vitamin D on mortality and hospital length of stay in ICU patients with COVID-19. Methods: A single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 61 patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 hospitalized in the ICU of Golestan Hospital, Kermanshah, Iran. Participants were randomly divided to receive a single dose of 300 000 IU vitamin D3 intramuscularly (n = 31) or placebo (n = 30). The primary outcomes were the length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were the length of stay in the ICU, the number of patients requiring mechanical ventilation, and the serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Results: Out of 61 randomized patients, 44 patients with a mean age of 53.49 ± 13.2 years, body mass index of 29.80 ± 5.0 kg/m2, and serum vitamin D level of 24.36 ± 4.47 mg/dL were included in the study for primary analysis, of whom 31 (70.5%) cases were men. Median (interquartile range), the length of hospital stay between the vitamin D group (5.0 [6.0 - 11.0] days), placebo group (11.0 [6.0 - 17.0] days) (log-rank P = 0.23; unadjusted hazard ratio [HR] for hospital discharge, 3.4 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.4 - 28.05]; P = 0.25; adjusted HR, 0.04 [95%CI, 11.52 - 0.0001]; P = 0.27) and mortality (unadjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.63 [95% CI,0.09 - 4.21]; P = 0.63; adjusted OR, 0.46 [95%CI, 0.03 - 6.55]; P = 0.57) showed no significant difference between the two groups before and after the adjustment of confounding factors. No significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding the need for mechanical ventilation (unadjusted OR for intubation = 2.1 [95% CI, 0.17 - 25.01]; P = 0.55), adjusted OR = 1.16 [95%CI, 0.04 - 27.57]; P = 0.92), and the length of stay in ICUs (log-rank = 2.49, P = 0.114; unadjusted HR for ICU discharge, 6.28 [95%CI, 0.5 - 78.42]; P = 0.15; adjusted HR = 21.48 [95%CI, 0.12 - 3677.48]; P = 0.24). Conclusions: Based on the results, A high dose of vitamin D did not significantly reduce mortality and hospital length of stay in ICU patients with COVID-19.

P1159 Gene and environment interactions in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review of human epidemiologic studies

Abstract Background Complex gene-environment interaction for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) remains elusive. This systematic review aims to summarize the current evidence of gene and environment interactions in IBD. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Scopus were systematically searched from inception through July 20, 2022 to identify publications examining the interaction effect of genetic variants and environmental factors in IBD. Two investigators independently screened the title/abstract and full text according to the predefined criteria. All eligible studies were graded using STREGA guideline. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023443071). Results 4,305 publications were identified and screened, resulting in 36 eligible studies. 17 studies reported statistically significant interactions. The interaction effect of NOD2 and smoking was most frequently investigated and showed variant-specific interaction at rs2066847 regrading risk of Crohn’s disease (CD). Gene-smoking interactions were further identified in 1) other IBD risk genes (ATG16L1, IL23R, CALM3), as well as the IBD-genetic risk score (GRS), 2) detoxification genes (GSTP1 and ΗΜΟΧ1), 3) smoking-associated genes (CHRNA3, CHRNA5, PPP1R3C, BDNF), as well as the general smoking-GRS, and 4) the inflammation cytokine gene (IL-1β) using the candidate gene approach. Using the Illumina immune-focused Chip, another 64 smoking interacting variants were identified. Gene-diet interactions were reported across different nutritional measures, including the intake of fatty acids with CYP4F3 and FADS2, serum level of selenium with SEPHS1and SEPSECS, dietary intake of potassium with IL21, alcohol consumption with IL12B, dietary heme iron intake with FcgRIIA and serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with VDR. No genome wide environment interaction studies (GWEIS) of IBD have been conducted to date, while this strategy holds great potential to unravel the missing heritability influenced by environment factors for IBD. Conclusion While past studies have increased insights into potential gene-environmental interactions in the pathophysiology of IBD, current evidence is limited and inconclusive due to lack of replication of presented results, and limited study power. Further research, including GWEIS and clinical trials, is needed for future recommendations on lifestyle and dietary modification, based on individual genetic backgrounds.

Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with bone health measured by calcaneal quantitative ultrasound: a large cross-sectional analysis in children and adolescents.

Background: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in bone health; however, findings in children and adolescents remain inconsistent, and few studies have examined its impact on bone health measured by quantitative ultrasound (QUS). This study aims at assessing the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and bone health, as evaluated by QUS, across varying pubertal stages and genders. Methods: A baseline cross-sectional survey of an ongoing cohort study included 4682 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years from Shenzhen, China. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), which is the sum of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3, were quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Bone health was measured through calcaneal QUS, utilizing the speed of sound (SOS) in the heel as a principal measure-a higher SOS indicating a denser bone structure. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate the association of serum 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D2, and 25(OH)D3 levels with the SOS. Results: Forty-one point-one percent of this population was vitamin D deficient (serum 25(OH)D < 20 ng ml-1), with only 11.1% being sufficient. In the fully adjusted model, we observed a significant positive association between increased serum 25(OH)D quartiles and SOS. Compared with the participants in the lowest quartiles of serum 25(OH)D, those in successive quartiles of 25(OH)D were 3.54 (95% CI: 0.81, 6.28) m s-1, 5.74 (95% CI: 2.87, 8.61) m s-1, and 8.83 (95% CI: 5.83, 11.84) m s-1, respectively (P for trend < 0.0001). The correlations observed for serum 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 with SOS were similar to those of serum 25(OH)D. Importantly, this association was primarily observed in post-pubertal children and adolescents but was absent in pre- and mid-pubertal participants (P for interaction = 0.0004). Conclusion: Elevated serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with better bone health, as measured through calcaneal QUS, in children and adolescents, particularly among those who had reached the post-pubertal stage. These findings highlight the crucial importance of maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels to support optimal bone health in this demographic.

Serum Calcium and Magnesium Levels, Not 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Are Associated With Sleep Quality in Airline Pilots.

Despite the vulnerability of airline pilots (APs) to sleep disturbances, the biological underpinnings responsible for this phenomenon are still not entirely elucidated. However, there is an increasing amount of evidence indicating an association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D, Ca2+, and Mg2+ levelsand sleep health. In this cross-sectional study, we sought to examine the potential associations between serum levels of these biomarkers and the occurrence of poor sleep among APs. We examined a convenience sample of 100male APs who underwent the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess their sleep quality. Those who scored 5 or higher on the PSQI were labeled as poor sleepers. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, Ca2+, and Mg2+ were quantified in all participants. Out of the 100 APs, 58 (58%) and 42 (42%) were classified as good and poor sleepers, respectively, based on the PSQI scores. We defined vitamin D deficiency as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels below 10 ng/mL and insufficiency as levels ranging from 10 to 30 ng/mL. The results revealed no significant differences in serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D between the two groups, and there was no evidence of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. However, poor sleepers exhibited significantly lower levels of both Mg2+ (1.8 ± 0.1 mg/dLversus2.0 ± 0.1 mg/dL, respectively) and Ca2+ (8.5 ± 0.4mg/dLversus9.1 ± 0.5 mg/dL, respectively) compared to good sleepers (P < 0.001 for both). Logistic regression analysis identified both Mg2+ and Ca2+ as independent biomarkers associated with poor sleep quality in APs (P < 0.001 for both). Lower serum concentrations of Mg2+ and Ca2+, not 25-hydroxyvitamin D, may be associated with poor sleep in APs.

Single Nucleotide Variants of the VDR Gene and Cardiometabolic Risk in Obesity

BackgroundVitamin D deficiency is associated with impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Aim: to define the contribution of single nucleotide variants (SNV) of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene to the development of metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) in children. Materials and Methods200 obese children aged 6-18 years were examined. The main group (n=118) was represented by children with MUO. The control group (n=82) consolidated of children with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). Whole genome sequencing (CeGat) was performed in 31 children of the main and 21 children of the control group. The level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (Synevo) was measured in all children. Verification of results: calculation of Spearman's correlation coefficient (r) and p-value for each variable. ResultsFive SNVs of the VDR gene were identified: rs2228570 (1 DNA copy number variation (CNV): c.2T>C in 94.23%; rs731236 (2 CNVs: c.11056T>C, c.1206T>C in 65.38%); rs10783218 (2 CNV: c.296+8C>T, c.146+8C>T in 7.69%); rs2228572 (2 CNV: c.57C>T, c.207C>T in 1.92%); rs12721365 (2 CNV: c. 1059C>T, c.909C>T in 1.92% of patients). A correlation between SNV VDR and MUO was observed in the following genotypes: AA rs12721365 (r=0.21), AA rs2228572 (r=0.21) and GG rs2228570 (r= -0.31), p<0.05. A correlation between vitamin D deficiency and SNV VDR was noted for the following genotypes: AA genotype rs12721365 (r= 0.41), AA genotype rs2228572 (r= 0.38) and GG rs 2228570 (r= -0.27), p<0.05. ConclusionsThe development of cardiometabolic risk and vitamin D deficiency in obese children is associated with the presence of AA/AG genotypes SNV VDR rs2228570, rs12721365, rs2228572.

Night eating habits, sleep quality, and depression, are they associated with vitamin D status?

In addition to the well-established roles of vitamin D on bone health, it also appears to be an effective factor on mental health and circadian behaviors, that include eating and sleeping habits. This study aimed to assess the association between vitamin D status with night eating habits, sleep quality and depression in female college students. This cross-sectional study studied healthy female students from Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Demographic and anthropometric information as well as data on sleep quality and depression were recorded and serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were measured. A 3-day food record questionnaire was completed to assess night eating habits. Data analyses were undertaken using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression. A P-value of <0.05 was considered significant. The study participants comprised of 272 female students with median (Inter Quartile Range) age of 22 (21-24) years. The majority of the participants (82.3%) were classified as night eaters, who had higher rates of poor sleep quality compared to non-night eaters (P<0.05). With 1ng/ml increase in serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, the odds of being a night eater fell by 3% (OR=0.97; 95%CI=0.95, 0.99), and the odds of having depression or poor sleep quality decreased by 5% (OR=0.95; 95%CI=0.93, 0.97) and 6% (OR=0.94; 95%CI=0.91, 0.97), respectively. There was an inverse association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level with night eating habits, depression and poor sleep quality. This association needs be confirmed using cohort and interventional studies.

Evaluation of the role of vitamin D in patients with psoriasis

Objectives: Investigate whether there is any association between the levels of vitamin D in the blood and the seriousness of psoriasis or its development. Methods: The study is characterized as observational, retrospective, composed of 40 patients with psoriasis who had serum vitamin D levels, who underwent clinical care at a dermatology outpatient clinic in Passo Fundo/RS, from August 2019 to June 2021. Results: Of the 40 interviewees, 60% were female and 40% male. Phototypes II and III prevailed. Regarding family health history, 50% had a history of the disease. Regarding the duration of psoriasis, the predominant group was between 1-10 years (57.5%). The most prevalent psoriasis subtype was vulgaris (62.5%). Regarding serum vitamin D results, the lowest index was 15.2 ng ̸ mL, the highest was 42.3 ng ̸ mL and the average was 25.99 ng ̸mL. In the predominant age group, between 20-40 years, the proportion of patients with vitamin D was less than 30 ng ̸mL is 83.33%. The lower the phototype, the greater the proportion of patients with suboptimal serum vitamin D. In the group of patients with disease duration &gt; 10 years, vitamin D levels were lower. There is no extreme difference in the effectiveness of treatments when analyzing the average, minimum and maximum serum levels of vitamin D. Conclusion: There was no relationship between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and the development of psoriasis or even control – worsening of the clinical picture of disease.

Analysis of the association between serum levels of 25(OH)D, retinol binding protein, and Cyclooxygenase-2 and the disease severity in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) pose significant clinical challenges, representing severe complications in diabetes mellitus patients and contributing to non-traumatic amputations. Identifying reliable biomarkers can optimize early diagnosis and improve therapeutic outcomes. This study focused on evaluating the association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH)D], Serum Retinol Binding Protein (RBP), and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in elderly DFU patients. A retrospective study involving 240 participants, from March 2020 to March 2023. The participants were segmented into three cohorts: 80 with DFUs, 80 diabetic patients without DFUs, and 80 healthy controls. Serum concentrations of the three biomarkers were assayed using methods like enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), chemiluminescence immunoassay, and an automated biochemistry analyser. Comparisons were made both between groups and within the DFU group based on disease severity. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in biomarker levels across the groups (p < 0.05). COX-2 and RBP concentrations were highest in the DFU group, followed by the non-DFU diabetic group, and lowest in the control group. Conversely, 25(OH)D levels were highest in the control group, followed by the non-DFU diabetic group, and lowest in the DFU group. Within the DFU group, RBP and COX-2 levels increased with disease severity, while 25(OH)D levels decreased. These variations were especially pronounced in patients with the most severe Wagner grading. A significant positive correlation was observed between disease severity and levels of RBP (r = 0.651, p < 0.05) and COX-2 (r = 0.356, p < 0.05). Conversely, a significant negative correlation was identified between disease severity and 25(OH)D levels (r = -0.658, p < 0.05). Assessing 25(OH)D, RBP, and COX-2 serum levels offers a promising tool for evaluating the severity and progression of DFUs. Monitoring these biomarkers can enrich our understanding of the metabolic and inflammatory pathways of the disease and potentially refine therapeutic strategies.

Evaluating the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D, parathyroid hormone and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials

BackgroundVitamin D, one of the most essential micronutrients, is crucial in various health outcomes. However, previous studies showed conflicting results and uncertainty about vitamin D supplementation's optimal dosage and duration. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the vitamin D supplements efficiency on serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D), 1,25-dihdroxy vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) in adults.MethodsA systematic analysis of eligible and relevant randomized-controlled trials (RCT) published before April 2023 assessing the effect of vitamin D supplementations applied. The studies were identified by searching several databases, including Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Cochrane Register of controlled trials.ResultsFive eligible RCTs with 346 participants in the intervention and 352 participants in the control group were assessed in our project. According to the results, there was a substantial change in 25(OH)D (SMD: 2.2, I2: 92.3, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.38–3.02, P-value: 0.048) and 1,25(OH)2D (SMD:1.23, I2: 86.3, 95% CI: 0.01- 2.44, P-value < 0.010) affected by vitamin D intervention. Regarding Parathyroid hormone (PTH), however, vitamin D intervention showed a remarkable decrease (SMD: -0.75, I2: 82.4, 95% CI: (-1.3)—(-0.18), P-value < 0.010). Moreover, sensitivity analysis showed significant publication bias in terms of 25(OH)D.ConclusionVitamin D supplements significantly increase the serum levels of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D and decrease PTH levels. While some studies reported decreasing effect of vitamin D supplements on RAAS activity, some reported no changes.

Maternal and neonatal umbilical cord serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D among Sudanese women with normal pregnancy: a cross-sectional study

Maternal and neonatal umbilical cord serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D among Sudanese women with normal pregnancy: a cross-sectional study

Vitamin D as Supplementary Treatment for Newly Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients

Objective: To compare vitamin D with placebo in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in terms of clinical improvement and sputum conversion. Materials And Methods: This is a prospective randomized, double blind, placebo controlled comparative study conducted for a period of 12 weeks in a tertiary care centre in south India. Total Subjects were 60 new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis who are getting TB treatment initiation, Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups, group A and group B comprising of 30 patients in each group. Group A received vitamin D and group B received placebo. Dosage of vitamin D was 0.25mg/day, given in initial six weeks of antituberculosis drug therapy. Serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured at time of diagnosis and at 8 weeks of anti-tuberculous therapy. Measurements of haemoglobin, leukocyte count and serum calcium were done at beginning and repeated at 6th, 8th and 12 weeks. Acid fast bacilli were examined at beginning and on 6th, 8thand 12 weeks. Primary outcome was evaluation of conversion time of sputum smear; secondary outcome was clinical improvement as assessed by TB score. Results: There is no significant difference in mean values of age, haemoglobin level, calcium level,serum Vitamin D, TB score and total lymphocyte count in both groups at start of study.There was no statistical difference in serum calcium level, haemoglobin level and total lymphocyte level at end of study. Mean serum vitamin D level at 8th week of treatment was 27.83±7.09ng/dl in group A and 18.83±2.27 in group B, there was statistically significant difference between two groups. Sixth week sputum conversion in 30 subjects of vitamin D group is 100% and in placebo group, it is 76.7%, which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Supplementary vitamin D when added to first line anti-tuberculous drugs results in shorter conversion time and less severe TB clinical manifestation without any manifestations of hypercalcemia. Therefore, it is recommended to add vitamin D as supplementary treatment to first-line anti-tuberculous drugs in treatment course of active pulmonary TB.

Comparison of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D amongst black African prostate cancer patients with non-aggressive versus aggressive disease using the Gleason score

Background: Black men of African descent have higher risk for developing prostate cancer and present at a younger age with advanced disease and a poorer prognosis. Limited number of studies directly linking serum vitamin D with either prostate cancer prognosis or measures of prostate cancer aggressiveness have been done. The objective of this study is to compare serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D levels in patients with non-aggressive and aggressive prostate cancer using the Gleason score in black Africans in Jos. Methods: A cross sectional study conducted among fifty patients who presented to the urological surgical out-patient clinic of the Jos University Teaching Hospital who had clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer and were scheduled for prostate biopsy. Blood samples for serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D assay was analysed using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, patients with histologically confirmed prostate cancer were analysed. Data was collected in a proforma, statistical analysis done using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS)(R) version 23 and t-test was used for comparison with a p value &lt;0.05 considered significant. Results: Fifty patients were studied whose age ranged from 50-89 years. The mean level of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D was 37.90 ng/ml±17.92. The mean serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D of patients with non-aggressive disease (GS≤6) and aggressive disease (GS≥7) was 48.44±17.09 and 34.57±17.08 respectively with a p value of 0.018. Conclusions: This study showed that black African prostate cancer patients with high grade tumors (Gleason score ≥7) had significantly lower 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels compared to those with low grade tumors (Gleason score &lt;7).

Assessment of Healthy Eating Index and Serum Levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and Zinc in Prostate Cancer Patients

Background and Objectives Prostate cancer is the most common malignant cancer in men. In this study, the healthy eating index (HEI) and serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and zinc were evaluated in prostate cancer patients compared with healthy individuals. Subjects and Methods In this study, 30 men who had recently been diagnosed with prostate cancer were compared with 30 otherwise healthy age-matched men in terms of their serum levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D and zinc as well as HEI. The latter was evaluated in both groups using a 3-day food record. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, weight, BMI and waist circumference. The scores of all components of HEI were not significantly different in the two groups, and in spite of the lower total HEI score in the prostate cancer group, this difference was not statistically significant. Differences between the two groups in terms of serum zinc levels were marginally significant (P-value=0.053). However, the serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the prostate cancer group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P-value =0.046). Conclusion The results of this study showed that there are statistically significant and marginally significant differences between prostate cancer patients and their otherwise healthy aged-matched counterparts in terms of serum levels 25 hydroxyvitamin D and zinc, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the HEI score.

Effect of two vitamin D repletion protocols on 24-h urine calcium in patients with recurrent calcium kidney stones and vitamin D deficiency: a randomized clinical trial

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of two vitamin D repletion therapies (cholecalciferol) on serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and 24-h urine calcium in patients with recurrent calcium kidney stones and vitamin D deficiency (VDD).Design, setting, participantsA parallel-group randomized controlled clinical trial on patients who referred to Labbafinejad kidney stone prevention clinic, Tehran, Iran. From 88 recurrent calcium stone formers, 62 patients completed the study. The age of participants was 18–70 years who had serum 25(OH)D levels of 10–20 ng/ml.InterventionParticipants received oral cholecalciferol 2000 IU daily for 12 weeks or 50,000 IU weekly for 8 weeks.Main outcome measuresStudy variables including 24-h urine calcium, supersaturations of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate, serum 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone were measured at the beginning of the study and after 12 weeks.ResultsThe 24-h urine calcium significantly increased in both groups (β = 69.70, p < 0.001), with no significant difference between treatments. Both groups showed no significant change in the supersaturation levels of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate. Serum levels of 25(OH)D increased significantly (β = 12.53, p < 0.001), with more increase in the 50,000 IU group (β = 3.46, p = 0.003). Serum parathyroid hormone decreased in both groups (p < 0.001).ConclusionsAlthough both treatment protocols increased 24-h urine calcium, they did not increase the supersaturation state of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate.Trial registration IRCT20160206026406N4, 13/08/2019.

The relationship between vitamin D and short-term blood pressure variability.

This study aimed to evaluate the relationships between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and short-term blood pressure variability (BPV) in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients. One hundred newly diagnosed patients with stage one essential hypertension were included and divided into two groups, the deficient and non-deficient groups, according to their 25(OH)D level. The blood pressure was recorded automatically by a portable ambulatory blood pressure monitor for 24 h. In the present study, there was no significant relationship between vitamin D levels and short-term BPV or other parameters derived from ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) (P > 0.05). Age (r = 0.260, P = 0.009), serum phosphorus (r = 0.271, P = 0.007), and cholesterol levels (r = 0.310, P = 0.011) were positively correlated with 25(OH)D levels, while glomerular filtration rate (r = -0.232, P = 0.021) negatively correlated with vitamin D levels. There was no crude or adjusted relationship between the levels of 25(OH)D and any parameters of ABPM in multiple linear regression analysis. Although the relationship between vitamin D levels and cardiovascular diseases has been confirmed, vitamin D deficiency does not cause an increase in cardiovascular risk by influencing the short-term BPV or other parameters derived from ABPM.

The CYP24A1 gene variant rs2762943 is associated with low serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels in multiple sclerosis patients.

Vitamin D is considered to play a role in multiple sclerosis (MS) etiopathogenesis. A polymorphism in the CYP24A1 gene, rs2762943, was recently identified that was associated with an increased MS risk. CYP24A1 encodes a protein involved in the catabolism of the active form of vitamin D. The immunological effects of carrying the rs2762943 risk allele were investigated, as well as its role as genetic modifier. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2 D) were measured in a cohort of 167 MS patients. In a subgroup of patients, expression levels of major histocompatibility complex class II and co-stimulatory molecules were determined by flow cytometry, and serum levels of pro-inflammatory (interferon gamma, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13) and anti-inflammatory (interleukin 10) cytokines and neurofilament light chain were measured by single-molecule array assays. The effect of the rs2762943 polymorphism on disease activity and disability measures was evaluated in 340 MS patients. Compared to non-carriers, carriers of the rs2762943 risk allele were characterized by reduced levels of 1,25(OH)2 D (p = 0.0001) and elevated levels of interferon gamma (p = 0.03) and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (p = 0.008), whereas no significant differences were observed for the other markers. The presence of the rs2762943 risk allele had no significant impact on disease activity and disability outcomes during follow-up. However, risk allele carriers were younger at disease onset (p = 0.04). These findings suggest that the CYP24A1 rs2762943 polymorphism plays a more important role in MS susceptibility than in disease prognosis and is associated with lower 1,25(OH)2 D levels and a heightened pro-inflammatory environment in MS patients.