Serum hs-CRP Research Articles

Nutritional education on health beliefs, metabolic profiles, and quality of life among high-risk pregnant women for gestational diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial.

In recent years, nutrition has become increasingly important in treating and managing gestational diabetes mellitus. The Health Belief Model (HBM) is a conceptual framework in health behavior research used in some medical research. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of glycemic index training based on the HBM on metabolic indicators and pregnant women's health-related quality of life. In this open-label, parallel-controlled randomized trial, 90 pregnant women from primary health centers in Iran were recruited and randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group, using a block randomization method with a block size of six. The intervention group underwent 12 weeks of nutritional education on the glycemic index and load of foodstuff. The control group only received routine health care. Valid and reliable questionnaires included demographic and prenatal information, physical activity, three days of food records, quality of life (SF-12), and HBM constructs. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and end of the study, to assess fasting blood glucose (FBS), fasting insulin, hs-CRP, and lipids. Eighty-four pregnant women with an age mean of 30.12 ± 4.35 completed 12 weeks of intervention. At baseline, there were no significant differences between groups in the HBM subscales (P > 0.05). However, within the intervention group, there was an increase in perceived susceptibilities (mean change 1.45 ± 4.21; P = 0.03) and cue to action (mean change: 1.22 ± 3.38; P = 0.02). In the adjusted model, the General Health subscale of Quality of Life showed a significant increase in the comparison between groups (mean change 13.69 ± 29.83 vs. 0.00 ± 29.58; P = 0.04). Additionally, the adjusted model revealed a notable difference between the groups in serum hs-CRP level, (mean change -0.877 ± 3.47 vs. -0.067 ± 3.40; P = 0.01) and triglyceride level (mean change - 55.24 ± 111.21 vs. 40.92 ± 142.01; P = 0.001). However, in the adjusted model, the total cholesterol levels increased between groups (mean change 22.75 ± 66.17 vs. 30.12 ± 61.33; P = 0.01) at the end of the study. There was no significant difference in glycemic indices (P > 0.05). Participation in a nutrition education program might positively impact nutritional beliefs, behaviors, and some biochemical indicators among pregnant women. Future studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups are warranted.Trial registration number: IRCTID: IRCT20190227042858N1. Registration date: 2019-07-18.

Sex-dependent interplay of phosphate and inflammation on muscle strength irrespective of muscle mass in middle-aged and older adults

BackgroundElevated circulatory phosphate levels are linked to age-related muscle dysfunction, yet the mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the hypothesis that inflammation plays a role in connecting elevated phosphate levels to muscular dysfunction in middle-aged and older individuals and explored potential sex-based differences in these associations. MethodsThe study, based on the I-Lan Longitudinal Aging Study Cohort, analyzed individuals' serum phosphate and hsCRP levels. Sex-specific analyses explored links between circulatory phosphate, inflammation, and muscle profiles (mass, handgrip strength, and walking speed). The study also examined potential mediation or synergistic effects of inflammation in the circulatory phosphate-muscle relationship. ResultsThe study included 2006 participants (mean age: 65.5 ± 6.5 years; 49.8 % men). Women exhibited higher circulatory phosphate levels than men. Linear analyses revealed that higher phosphate levels were significantly associated with weaker handgrip strength but not with reduced muscle mass in both men and women. In women, circulatory phosphate was not associated with inflammation (hsCRP levels), while in men, higher phosphate levels were significantly associated with higher hsCRP levels. In men, a synergistic effect was observed, where the combination of high hsCRP and elevated phosphate levels had a more pronounced impact on reducing handgrip strength than either factor alone. ConclusionsThis study highlights a sex-specific association of inflammation in the mechanisms of hyperphosphatemia-related muscle weakness. The findings emphasize the importance of managing both hyperphosphatemia and chronic inflammation to mitigate their collective impact on muscle function, particularly in older men. Addressing these factors is crucial for promoting muscle health in later life.

Inflammatory and cardiac biomarkers in pulmonary arterial hypertension: The prognostic role of IL-34

BackgroundPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by increased pulmonary artery pressure with significant morbidity and mortality. Inflammatory processes are crucial in PAH pathogenesis, with inflammatory cells and mediators present early in disease progression. IL-34 involvement in inflammatory pathways suggests that IL-34 could be an important player in the progression of PAH, influencing both pulmonary pressures and vascular changes. ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between IL-34 levels and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), aiming to enhance the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying PAH and explore IL-34′s potential as a biomarker. MethodsConsecutive PAH patients diagnosed via right-heart catheterization at Malatya Turgut Ozal Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi (Dec 2022 - Apr 2024) were enrolled. Patients were classified into low-risk and high-risk groups based on comprehensive risk assessments that included clinical parameters, hemodynamic measurements and biomarkers, in-line with ESC/ERS guidelines. Serum IL-34, hs-CRP, and NT-proBNP levels were measured and compared with those of healthy controls. Echocardiographic assessments and statistical analyses, including ROC analysis, were conducted to evaluate biomarker significance and predictive capabilities. ResultsThe mean age of low-risk and high-risk PAH patients was 42 ± 7.2 years and 45 ± 5.5 years, respectively. The mean age of the control group was 40 ± 6.4 years. Males comprised 54.29 % of the low-risk group, 56 % of the high-risk group, and 53.3 % of the control group. IL-34 and hs-CRP levels were significantly elevated in PAH patients compared to controls. IL-34 correlated positively with systolic pulmonary artery pressure, RA area, and NT-proBNP levels. Multivariate analysis revealed that IL-34 and hs-CRP were independent predictors of PAH. IL-34 levels>29.8 pg/mL predicted PAH with 78 % sensitivity and 69 % specificity, while levels >44.4 pg/mL predicted high-risk PAH with 84 % sensitivity and 77 % specificity. ConclusionElevated IL-34 and hs-CRP levels are associated with PAH severity and right ventricular dysfunction, suggesting IL-34′s potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore IL-34-targeted therapies in pH management.

High levels of serum hypersensitive C-reactive protein are associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in non-obese people: a cross-sectional study

IntroductionNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obesity have become one of the most common chronic diseases, and the global prevalence is increasing year by year. Both are accompanied by hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). At present, there are many predictors of NAFLD. Exploring the relationship between hs-CRP and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in non-obese people will be helpful for risk prediction and clinical screening in high-risk populations.ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between levels of serum hs-CRP and the presence of NAFLD in non-obese people.MethodsA total of 6558 participants who underwent physical examination from March 2017 to November 2017. Multivariate logistic regression was utilized to analyze the risk factors associated with NAFLD.ResultsThis study including 4240 males and 2318 females ranging from 20 to 94 years. In 1396 patients with NAFLD, the prevalence rate was 21.3%, among which 1056 (24.9%) males and 340 (14.7%) females had NAFLD. The prevalence of NAFLD was much higher in males compared to females (χ2 = 93.748, P < 0.001). In the nonalcoholic fatty liver group, various factors including hs-CRP, age, WC, BMI, systolic blood pressure and blood pressure diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher than those in the control group. Logistic regression analysis confirmed that hs-CRP was an independent risk factor for NAFLD, even after adjusting for relevant variables.ConclusionsThe prevalence of NAFLD increases with the level of hs-CRP in both men and women who are non-obese. Hs-CRP levels are an important risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in non-obese individuals.

Clinical trial of the effects of postbiotic supplementation on inflammation, oxidative stress, and clinical outcomes in patients with CVA

Background Cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs), or strokes, are major global health concerns associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and gastrointestinal complications. This study aimed to explore the impact of postbiotic supplementation in CVA patients, specifically in terms of oxidative stress, inflammation, and clinical outcomes, as an alternative to probiotics with potential advantages. Method A prospective, single-center, randomized, controlled trial was conducted with 120 CVA patients in Iran. These patients were admitted to the ICU to assess the severity of their strokes. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either postbiotic supplementation (n = 60) or a placebo (n = 60). Various biomarkers related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and clinical outcomes were assessed. Data on demographic characteristics, nosocomial infections, and laboratory measurements were collected. Gut microbiota analysis was also performed on fecal samples. Results After the 7-day intervention, postbiotic supplementation resulted in significant improvements in inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and a reduced incidence of pneumonia compared with those in the control group, with the postbiotic group demonstrating notable decreases in the serum IL-1β levels (-1.79; 95% CI: = -2.9 to -0.64, p = 0.002 ), MDA levels (-30.5; 95% CI: -54.8 to -6.1, p = 0.015), Hs-CRP levels (-0.67; 95% CI:-1.1 to -0.26 mg/dl, p = 0.001) and TAC levels (62.5; 95%CI: 34.1 to 90.9, p < 0.001) compared with those in the placebo group. However, no significant differences in other clinical outcomes, including the NIHSS score, NUTRIC score, and APACHE II score, or the gut microbiota profile, were observed between the two groups. Conclusion Postbiotic supplementation improved the levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress markers and reduced the risk of pneumonia in CVA patients. Trial registration This trial is registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (registration code IRCT20180712040438N7), Registration date 06122022.

Treatment of post-stroke fatigue with point-toward-point insertion of elongated needle and Tongdu Tiaoshen therapy of acupuncture: a randomized controlled trial

To observe the effect of point-toward-point insertion of elongated needle on post-stroke fatigue and explore its underlying mechanism. Sixty-four patients with post-stroke fatigue were randomly divided into an observation group (32 cases, 2 cases dropped out) and a control group (32 cases, 2 cases dropped out). In addition to the conventional treatment of western medicine and rehabilitation exercises, Tongdu Tiaoshen (regulating the governor vessel and the spirit) therapy of acupuncture was used in the control group, and acupuncture was applied to Baihui (GV 20), Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Shenting (GV 24), Fengfu (GV 16) and bilateral Fengchi (GB 20) and the needles were retained for 30 min in one treatment. In the observation group, besides the interventions as the control group, point-toward-point insertion of elongated needle was adopted. The needle was inserted from Zhiyang (GV 9) toward Dazhui (GV 14), from Shendao (GV 11) toward Yaoyangguan (GV 3) and from Yaoqi (EX-B 9) toward Yaoyangguan (GV 3); and the needles were retained for 30 min in one treatment. In the two groups, the acupuncture was delivered once daily, 6 times a week, consecutively for 4 weeks. The scores of the fatigue severity scale (FSS), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), and Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) were observed before and after treatment completion in the two groups. Using ELISA, the levels of serum interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) were detected before and after treatment completion; and clinical effect was evaluated. The scores of FSS, PSQI, HAMA and HAMD, as well as the levels of serum IL-1β, IL-6, hs-CRP and Hcy were reduced (P<0.05), and the scores of FMA and the levels of serum IL-10 were increased (P<0.05) after treatment in comparison with those before treatment in the two groups. Compared with the control group, in the observation group, the scores of FSS, PSQI, HAMA and HAMD, and the levels of serum IL-1β, IL-6, hs-CRP and Hcy were reduced (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the score of FMA and the level of serum IL-10 were increased (P<0.05). The total clinical effective rate was 83.3% (25/30) in the observation group, which was higher than 73.3% (22/30) of the control group (P<0.05). The point-toward-point insertion of elongated needle alleviates fatigue, anxiety and depression, and ameliorates sleep and motor function in the patients with post-stroke fatigue. It may be related to the attenuation of inflammatory responses.

The effects of supervised aerobic training on dyslipidaemia among diabetic older patients

BackgroundHigher prevalence rates of diabetes and its complications have been reported among individuals with poor physical activity and a sedentary lifestyle. This study explored the influence of six months of moderate-intensity supervised aerobic training on the serum lipid profile, hs-CRP level, and variable-related correlations in prediabetic and type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM).DesignThe study was based on a two-arm parallel group pretest‒posttest comparative design.MethodsA total of 50 subjects who were diagnosed with diabetes for more than five years and aged 30–70 years were included in this study. The subjects were classified into two groups on the basis of their glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c%) values: Group 1 (patients with the prediabetes; HbA1c % ≤ 6.5, n = 25) and Group 2 (patients with the T2DM; HbA1c % ≥ 6.5, n = 25). Blood sugar, HbA1c %, insulin, lipid profile, and highly sensitive CRP (hs-CRP) were measured via colorimetric and immunoassay techniques at baseline and six months postintervention with moderate aerobic exercise.ResultsThe results revealed that participation in moderate aerobic training interventions for six months resulted in a significant reduction in BMI, fasting blood sugar, glycosylated haemoglobin, hs-CRP, and lipid profile parameters such as T-Cholest, TG, and LDL-C as well as significant improvement in the level of insulin with a reduction in the values of HOMA-IR towards normal values in the patients with prediabetes (P < 0.01) in group 1 and patients with diabetes in group 2 (P < 0.001). The change in VO2max with good physical fitness significantly improved with the exercise program after six months. The reduced levels of hs-CRP, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile and improved levels of insulin were significantly positively correlated with the levels of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c%) in the patients with prediabetes (P < 0.01) and those with diabetes (P < 0.001) following six months of moderate aerobic training interventions. Moreover, hs-CRP was positively correlated with T-Cholest, TG, and LDL-C (p = 0.01) and negatively correlated with HDL-C. The data revealed improved glycemic control factors, lipid profiles, and hs-CRP levels as cardio-predictive markers in patients with both prediabetes and diabetes as well. These findings suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of physical activity gained from moderate exercise training for six months may counteract increased cardiovascular complications associated with increased CRP levels and lipid profiles in prediabetes and T2DM patients.ConclusionsModerate aerobic training for six months favourably affects glycemic parameters, lipid profiles, and inflammatory hs-CRP indicators and improves VO2max, an indicator of physical fitness, in prediabetic and diabetic patients. The data obtained suggest the positive effect of moderate exercise training as a protective modulator of cardiovascular disorders, including the dyslipidaemic profile, glycaemic control, and hs-CRP inflammatory markers, in prediabetes and T2DM patients. Thus, regular exercise, owing to its anti-inflammatory effects and ability to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, lipid profiles, blood glucose levels, and insulin resistance, may help reduce the severity of cardiovascular diseases in prediabetes and T2DM patients and healthy controls.Trial registrationRetrospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov PRS under trial identifier ID: NCT06246435 dated 30/01/2024.

Association between dynapenic obesity and risk of cardiovascular disease: The Hisayama study.

Dynapenic obesity is a condition characterized by high adiposity levels combined with muscle dysfunction. Although high adiposity and muscle loss/dysfunction are thought to synergistically increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), few studies have addressed the association between dynapenic and sarcopenic obesity and CVD. We aimed to investigate the association of dynapenic obesity with incident CVD events using the data from a population-based prospective longitudinal study in Japan. A total of 2490 community-dwelling Japanese aged 40-79years (42.5% males, mean age 57.7±10.6years) without a history of CVD were followed up for a median of 24years. Handgrip strength was classified as low, medium, or high by age- and sex-specific tertiles. Body mass index (BMI) levels were categorized as lean (<18.5kg/m2), normal (18.5-24.9kg/m2), or obese (≥25.0kg/m2). Dynapenic obesity was defined as having both low handgrip strength and obesity. The outcomes were defined as the first-ever development of CVD (defined as stroke or coronary heart disease). The hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the development of CVD were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model, in which participants with high handgrip strength and normal BMI were used as a reference group. Mediation analyses used serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as mediators. During the follow-up period, 482 participants developed CVD events (324 cases of stroke and 209 of coronary heart disease). The multivariable-adjusted risk of CVD increased significantly among participants with dynapenic obesity compared with the reference group (HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.03-2.17). An analysis by age groups showed a further increase in the risk of CVD among participants with dynapenic obesity aged less than 65years (HR 1.66, 95% CI 1.04-2.65). In mediation analyses for participants aged less than 65years, serum hs-CRP was shown to be a significant mediator explaining 13.8% of the association between dynapenic obesity and the development of CVD, while HOMA-IR explained 12.2% of this relationship. Dynapenic obesity was a significant risk factor for the development of CVD in a general Japanese population. This association was more pronounced among those aged <65years. Inflammation, and possibly glucose metabolism, might partly mediate this association. Our findings suggest that preventing muscle dysfunction as well as appropriate weight control, especially in middle-age, are important for preventing the development of CVD.

Adiponectin and Inflammatory Marker Levels in the Elderly Patients with Diabetes, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Depressive Symptoms.

Some studies suggest that low-grade inflammation and adipokines may be involved in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and depression in subjects with type 2 diabetes; however, the available data concerning the elderly population are limited. Therefore, we conducted novel research to determine the serum adiponectin, hs-CRP and TNF-α levels in elderly diabetic patients with MCI and depressive symptoms and to identify the factors associated with MCI in this group. A total of 178 diabetic patients (mean age 84.4 ± 3.4 years) were screened for MCI and depressive symptoms. Various biochemical and biomarker data were collected. We found that patients with MCI and depressive symptoms demonstrated lower adiponectin levels and high hs-CRP and TNF-α. In this group, adiponectin concentration was negatively correlated with hs-CRP, TNF-α, HbA1c, and GDS-30 scores and positively correlated with MoCA scores. Multivariable analysis found the risk of MCI to be associated with higher TNF-α levels, fewer years of formal education, an increased number of comorbidities, and the presence of CVD. We concluded that low-grade inflammation and the presence of adipokines are associated with MCI and depressive symptoms in elderly diabetics. Further research should evaluate the suitability of Hs-CRP, TNF-α, and adiponectin as diagnostic markers for MCI and potential therapeutic targets.

Factors Involved in the Development of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Patients With Slowly Progressive Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction The duration of diabetes mellitus (DM), blood pro-inflammatory markers, and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) activity are known predictors of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression in acute-onset type 1 DM (AT1DM) and type 2 DM. However, predictors of DKD progression in slowly progressive type 1insulin-dependent DM (SPIDDM) have been less frequently studied. Patients and methods This retrospective cohort study included 60 patients with SPIDDM (definite) (26 men/34 women). We utilized Cox proportional hazard analyses to determine whether characteristics and laboratory findings at the time of the SPIDDM diagnosis were associated with subsequent DKD progression. The urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at the last outpatient clinic visit served as indicators of renal function. Also, to compare blood markers in patients with SPIDDM, we included 21 patients diagnosed with AT1DM at the same department during the same period and 50 healthy adult volunteers. Results In patients with SPIDDM (definite), the multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed that the body mass index (BMI), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels at diagnosis, and the duration of DM prior to SPIDDM diagnosis were associated with the new onset of albuminuria and systolic blood pressure (SBP) at diagnosis, and the duration of DM prior to SPIDDM diagnosis was associated with a decline in eGFR to less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m². Additionally, serum hs-CRP levels were significantly higher in the SPIDDM (definite) group compared to both the AT1DM patients and healthy controls, suggesting a higher inflammatory state in patients with SPIDDM at the time of diagnosis. In patients with SPIDDM (definite) who were not treated with a DPP4 inhibitor, plasma DPP4 activity was associated with the new onset of albuminuria. Conclusions BMI, SBP, hs-CRP levels, DPP4 activity at SPIDDM diagnosis, and the duration of DM prior to SPIDDM diagnosis are associated with subsequent progression of DKD in SPIDDM. Also, we found that the patients with SPIDDM are often already being treated as DM for a long period of time at the time of diagnosis, which may be linked to their already high inflammatory status at the time of SPIDDM diagnosis and contribute to DKD progression. These findings underscore the importance of early diagnosis and management in preventing DKD progression in this population.

Obesity Mediates the Association Between Serum Copper and Inflammation: A Cross-sectional and Mendelian Randomization Study.

Copper is an important biological trace element, but its overexposure can be harmful to the human body. Herein, we aimed to assess the association between serum copper levels and inflammation. A total of 5231 participants were analyzed from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2011 and 2016. Participants with higher serum copper levels had higher values of systemic inflammation indexes. The concentration of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) increased with serum copper concentration (β = 2.8, p < 0.001). Participants with high and very high copper levels had higher ORs (odds ratios) of having inflammation (high: OR 2.92 (0.77-11.04), p = 0.074; very high: OR 8.66 (3.18-23.54), p = 0.011), which were further exacerbated in people with diabetes and males. Body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage are two main mediators in the association between serum copper and hs-CRP, accounting for 12.62% and 19.72%, respectively. The random-effects inverse variance-weighted (IVW) analysis revealed that there was a genetic causal relationship between serum copper and obesity (OR 1.15, p = 0.014). Our results suggest that serum copper is positively associated with inflammation, which may be mainly mediated by obesity.

The effect of reduced L-glutathione supplementation on TNF-α, hs-CRP, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5 on dialysis (CKD-5D). High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are several inflammatory parameters associated with high cardiovascular events in CKD-5D. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of reduced L-glutathione supplementation on serum hs-CRP, TNF-α, and NLR in patients with CKD-5D. This study is a quasi-experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. Subjects included were patients with CKD-5D who routinely underwent hemodialysis therapy two times a week in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Serum hs-CRP, TNF-α, and NLR levels were obtained before and after the intervention of reduced L-glutathione supplementation dosing of one thousand milligrams a day for four weeks. Statistical analysis was then conducted using the Wilcoxon test. There were 26 hemodialysis patients included in the study, with a median age of 43 years and a male predominance. There was a significant decrease in serum TNF-α level after reduced L-glutathione supplementation for 4 weeks, 5.40 (-10.80-0.00) pg/mL, p = 0.002. However, there was no statistically significant decrease in either serum hs-CRP level, 0.40 (-0.70-0.80) mg/L (p = 0.656), or NLR with a difference of 0.55 (0.30-1.00) p = 0.055. Exogenous oral reduced glutathione supplementation for four weeks significantly reduced TNF-α level, but no significant decrease in hs-CRP level and NLR in patients with CKD-5D.

Changes and Roles of IL-6, hsCRP, and proCT in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis in Head and Neck Cancer Pre/Post Radiotherapy

Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients frequently undergo radiotherapy as a standalone treatment or in combination with chemotherapy. Radiotherapy is associated with adverse effects, including detrimental impacts on periodontal health, which increase the risk of periodontitis. Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and procalcitonin (proCT) as prognostic indicators. Methods: 150 participants were divided into three groups: (n=50, HNC post-RT) patients with head and neck cancer who had radiation treatment six months ago (n=50, HNC pre-RT), and individuals with periodontal health as the control group (n=50). Probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival bleeding index (GBI), plaque index (PI), and hyposalivation were meticulously recorded. To quantify serum concentrations of IL-6, hs-CRP, and proCT, an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (eCLIA) was used. Results: Serum levels of IL-6, hsCRP, and proCT were significantly elevated in two groups of patients with chronic periodontitis with head and neck cancer post-radiotherapy (CP+HNC post-RT) and patients with chronic periodontitis with HNC pre-radiotherapy (CP+HNC pre-RT) compared to a control group. ROC analysis demonstrated the diagnostic accuracy of IL-6, hsCRP, and proCT for both clinical cases. Furthermore, all clinical periodontal index scores (CAL, PPD, PI, and GBI) were significantly elevated compared to a control group. Conclusions: HNC post-RT patients presented significantly higher serum IL-6, hs-CRP, proCT, and periodontal score levels than HNC pre-RT.

Effect of ethinyl estradiol/ norethisterone acetate with and without scaling on periodontal status and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome having gingivitis: a randomized controlled trial.

Combined oral contraceptives are used for the management of hyperandrogenism and menstrual abnormalities in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). There is a dearth of literature addressing the effect of ethinyl estradiol/norethisterone acetate (EE/NETA) on gingival and systemic inflammation in these patients. This randomized trial aims to evaluate the effect of EE/NETA with and without scaling on periodontium and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in women with PCOS having gingivitis. Women having PCOS along with gingivitis were randomly divided into two groups: Test Group (TG, n=30) received EE/NETA + scaling with oral hygiene instructions (OHI) and Control Group 1 (CG1, n=30) received EE/NETA + OHI. Another Control Group (CG2, n=30) consisting of systemically healthy females having gingivitis and who were age and BMI matched with the test group participants received scaling along with OHI. Periodontal and anthropometric parameters were measured at baseline, 3 months and 6 months follow-up. Serum hsCRP levels were also estimated. Serum hsCRP levels and periodontal parameters were significantly decreased in all the groups after 6 months (p≤0.05). The decrease in hsCRP levels was similar among the groups (p>0.05). Significantly more reduction in gingival inflammation was observed in TG compared to CG1 (p≤0.05). EE/NETA used alone and with scaling showed no detrimental effect on gingiva and could reduce systemic and gingival inflammation in women with PCOS having gingivitis.

Association of hsCRP and Serum Kalirin Levels with the Development and Severity of Premature Coronary Artery Disease in Iraqi Patients

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early-onset CAD, also known as PCAD, is a severe form of CAD associated with high mortality and a poor prognosis. Early diagnosis is crucial to reducing complications. While hsCRP is an established biomarker for CAD, kalirin is a potential novel biomarker due to its role in promoting smooth muscle proliferation and endothelial dysfunction. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between serum kalirin and hsCRP levels with the presence and severity of PCAD and to compare the diagnostic value of both biomarkers. Method: The study recruited 92 participants into two groups: the PCAD group (46) included patients with confirmed CAD by angiographic findings and the second group was the non-CAD group (46) with negative findings by coronary angiography. The levels of serum kalirin and hsCRP were measured for both groups using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Results: Serum levels of kalirin and hsCRP were strongly associated with the presence of PCAD (p&lt;0.001), and both biomarkers were associated with disease severity (p=0.002, &lt;0.001, respectively). ROC analysis showed that hsCRP possesses a slight advantage (AUC=0.796) over kalirin (ROC=0.717) as a diagnostic marker for PCAD. Conclusions: Serum kalirin and hsCRP levels are associated with PCAD and with the severity of the disease, both markers possess moderate diagnostic capabilities for PCAD with a slight advantage for hsCRP.

Cholesterol to saturated fat index (CSI), metabolic parameters and inflammatory factors among obese individuals

BackgroundThe role of dietary fat quality in promotion of cardiovascular diseases is studies before. However, the results are inconsistent. Recently, cholesterol to saturated fatty acid index (CSI) is suggested as a novel indicator of the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity potential of a diet. However, due to limited number of studies, in the current cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate the role of CSI in metabolic and inflammatory response among obese individuals.MethodsIn the current cross-sectional study 488 obese individuals aged 18–50 years old were involved in volunteer based invitation from outpatient obesity clinics. Subjects underwent anthropometric assays including weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and body composition and their fasting blood sample were obtained for biochemical assessments including blood sugar, serum lipids, hs-CRP and IL-6 concentrations by commercial kits. Physical activity was also assessed by short form of international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ).ResultsAccording to our results, being at the top tetile of CSI was associated with higher anthropometric indices including weight, height, WC, FFM, and basal metabolic rate (BMR) compared with those at the lowest tertile (P < 0.05). Similarly, those at the highest category of CSI had significantly higher levels of serum glucose and hs-CRP both in crude and adjusted models in ANCOVA and in multinomial logistic regression models (P < 0.05).ConclusionIn the current study, for the first time, we identified the possible triggering role of dietary cholesterol to saturated fat index in increasing serum glucose and hs-CRP levels. due to cross-sectional design of the current study, causal inference is impossible. Further studies will help for better scientific justification.

Effect of scaling on serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and periodontal parameters in systemically healthy women of reproductive age group with gingivitis.

Varying levels of sex hormones across the menstrual cycle in young systemically healthy females may alter tissue responses to plaque, resulting in increased gingival inflammation. Also, higher severity and prevalence of gingivitis has been demonstrated in adult women than men, attributed to hormonal changes. Further, it has been reported that gingivitis raises the levels of systemic inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein. This interventional trial aimed to evaluate the effect of supragingival scaling on serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels along with periodontal parameters in systemically healthy women of reproductive age with natural gingivitis. In total, 57 women of reproductive age were enrolled into two groups. The test group (n &#61; 30) comprised systemically healthy women with gingivitis who received supragingival scaling. The control group (n &#61; 27) included systemically and periodontally healthy women. Periodontal parameters (Gingival Index, Plaque Index, pocket probing depth, bleeding on probing) and serum hsCRP levels were recorded at baseline for both the groups. Follow-up of test group participants was done at 3 and 6 months. Serum hsCRP and periodontal parameters were significantly higher in the test group than in the control group at baseline, and this decreased significantly after treatment in the test group at the 6-month follow-up (P ≤ .05). Gingival Index, bleeding on probing, and hsCRP in the test group at 6 months were reduced to the baseline levels of systemically and periodontally healthy women. Treatment of gingival inflammation can help in lowering the systemic and local inflammation to the levels of systemically and periodontally healthy women.

Assessment of ventilatory functions and associated inflammatory markers among workers in slaughterhouses

ObjectiveMeat processing is among the most extensive industries globally. However, data on the effects of occupational exposure on the pulmonary health of slaughterhouse workers is limited. Ascertaining the impact of the slaughterhouse atmosphere on the breathing habits of laborers exposed to it and the inflammatory markers associated with it was the aim of the current investigation.MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed on 82 non-smoker subjects of 41 male workers working in one of the major slaughterhouses in Cairo, Egypt, matched to 41 controls of administrative personnel. An elaborate questionnaire encompassing medical and occupational history was administered to each participant in the research. General and local systemic examinations and ventilatory function tests were carried out, and serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured.ResultsRespiratory symptoms were more prevalent with a statistically significant decline in ventilatory function parameters (FVC%, FEV1%, FEV1/FVC, FEF 25%, FEF 50%, FEF 75%, and PEF%) among the exposed group compared to those of control. In addition, there was a significantly higher serum level of inflammatory markers (IL-6 and hsCRP) among the exposed group compared to the control group, with a negative correlation with ventilatory functions. Moreover, there was a positive association between levels of serum IL-6 and hsCRP and the age and duration of employment of workers.ConclusionThere was a notable increase in the prevalence of respiratory disorders and inflammatory markers among slaughterhouse workers. Additionally, there was a substantial decrease in ventilatory function parameters, which could be attributed to the bioaerosols they encountered in the workplace.

Relationship Between Weight Loss, Changes in Serum hs-CRP Levels and apo A-1 Lipoprotein, and High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Ratios as Predictors for Improved Cardiovascular Risk Factors After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy

IntroductionObesity, a major global health concern, is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), often due to dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is an effective weight reduction surgery that not only alters body metabolism and gastrointestinal physiology but also significantly lowers cardiovascular disease risk.MethodsThis study explores the impact of weight loss on serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), an established inflammatory marker, and changes in cardiovascular risk factors, particularly high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) ratios, serum apo A-1, lipid profile, and HOMA-IR in severe obesity undergoing LSG. Anthropometric measurements and blood samples were collected preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively to hs-CRP, HOMA-IR, lipid profile, apo A-1, and low- and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C) ratios, total cholesterol to HDL-C (TC/HDL-C) ratio, and monocyte to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio (MHR).ResultsIn total, 70 patients were analyzed after 6 months and reached %TWL 27.4 ± 9.5 and %EWL 62.0 ± 15.4. Significant improvements were noted in all measured biomarkers. Analysis showed that each unit reduction in BMI significantly affected hs-CRP and HDL-C. Furthermore, moderate associations between hs-CRP and various cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers, including a negative correlation with apo A-1 and positive correlations with total cholesterol (TC), TC/HDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C, along with a mild positive correlation with HOMA-IR.ConclusionWeight loss following LSG significantly reduced inflammation and improved atheroprotection. Improved inflammation markers were associated with favorable changes in cardiovascular risk factors, including HDL-C ratios particularly TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, and apo A-1.Graphical

The Effect of Phototherapy on Systemic Inflammation Measured with Serum Vitamin D-Binding Protein and hsCRP in Patients with Inflammatory Skin Disease.

Vitamin D plays a role in inflammatory skin disease, but the exact mechanisms and the clinical significance remain unclear. According to the free hormone hypothesis, it is the free concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) that is biologically active. Vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) acts as the major transporter of vitamin D in the circulation, and DBP concentration defines the free 25(OH)D levels. DBP levels are elevated in various inflammatory conditions, including psoriasis. Narrowband-ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) is the most widely used phototherapy and is an established first-line treatment for psoriasis and atopic dermatitis (AD), often used before proceeding to systemic treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of NB-UVB phototherapy on DBP and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels, as markers of systemic inflammation, in inflammatory skin disease. Thirty adults (psoriasis (n = 20) and AD (n = 10)) were treated with NB-UVB. Serum DBP, hsCRP, total and free 25(OH)D, and 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) were measured before and after NB-UVB. Disease severity was assessed with Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). DBP decreased in psoriasis patients and varied with no clear trend in AD patients. HsCRP decreased in both groups, but this did not reach statistical significance. PASI, SCORAD, and VAS improved, and vitamin D levels increased after NB-UVB. Sub-analysis indicated a better response to NB-UVB for patients with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency compared to vitamin D-sufficient patients. The decrease in DBP after NB-UVB in psoriasis patients suggests a potential systemic anti-inflammatory effect of phototherapy. Measurement of vitamin D levels may potentially serve as a tool to identify patients who would derive the greatest benefit from NB-UVB phototherapy.