Series Of Tests Research Articles

Toward an usage of americium-241 for filter calibration

In nuclear safety and environmental studies, it is necessary to measure the activity of aerosols collected on filters. The calibration of these filters' measurement chains currently involves producing a reference filter with a controlled deposit of aerosol marked by a specific radionuclide. In France, commonly used radionuclides include 137Cs for gamma or beta emitters, 90Sr/90Y for beta emitters, and 239Pu for alpha emitters. However, using 239Pu presents several issues, notably the destruction of the filter required to determine its traceable activity and the associated uncertainties. The challenge of this project is to propose a radionuclide enabling non-destructive, SI-traceable measurement while retaining the reference filter. The proposed radionuclide is 241Am, which is both alpha and gamma-emitting and allows for precise non-destructive measurements. Reference filters are produced on the IRSN’s ICARE test bench with calibrated aerosols tagged with 241Am. The reference activity of theses filters is measured by gamma spectrometry on CEA/LNHB reference counter. A series of tests confirmed that 241Am provides accurate activity determination with minimal uncertainty. Consequently, adopting 241Am can significantly improve the reliability of radioactive contamination monitoring while avoiding practical challenges associated with plutonium.

A chaos-based word-wise stream cipher using keyed strong S-Box

Stream ciphers are crucial in the realm of information security. However, many existing stream ciphers suffer from several vulnerabilities, including insufficient security levels and the use of S-boxes with low non-linearity, fixed points, reverse fixed points and short cycles. To address these issues, a robust word-wise stream cipher was proposed that incorporates a keyed strong S-box and a two-dimensional (2D) chaotic map, significantly enhancing overall security. A 2D non-degenerate quadratic map (2D-NDQM) was constructed and evaluated using bifurcation and phase diagrams, Lyapunov exponent, Kolmogorov entropy, sample entropy, correlation dimension, and TestU01. The 2D-NDQM is then utilized to design a keyed strong S-box construction algorithm. Based on this, a word-wise stream cipher leveraging both the 2D-NDQM and the keyed strong S-box was developed. A series of tests were conducted to evaluate the proposed stream cipher's performance. The results were promising, showing a key space of 2179, an average number of bits change rate of 50.0229 %, a unified average changing intensity of 33.4402 %, and a number of pixels change rate of 99.6671 %. Additional metrics such as Hamming distance, linear complexity, and Shannon entropy also closely aligned with ideal values, confirming the security and feasibility of the proposed algorithm.

Blockchain empowered dynamic access control for secure data sharing in collaborative emergency management

In the realm of emergency management involving multi-party collaboration, securely sharing data among multiple entities poses a significant challenge. Traditional centralized data platforms struggle with fine-grained access control for data from different sources and are susceptible to single-point failures and risks of forged authorization. This paper delves into the prospective application of blockchain technology for decentralized data governance. We propose a dynamic access control technology for multi-party collaborative emergency response, which combines blockchain and attribute-based access control technologies to enable dynamic access control in multi-party data sharing scenarios. A data sharing system for collaborative emergency management built with Hyperledger Fabric has been developed and subjected to a series of evaluation tests. The experimental results reveal that our blockchain-based system not only significantly enhances data security and privacy by leveraging decentralized control but also improves the efficiency and reliability of data sharing in emergency situations. Specifically, our findings demonstrate the system's ability to dynamically adapt access control policies based on changing emergency scenarios, effectively mitigating risks associated with single-point failures and unauthorized access. These outcomes underscore the viability and reliability of our approach, providing a robust framework for secure, scalable, and flexible data sharing in the demanding field of emergency management.

Experimental Study: Stress Path Coefficient in Unconsolidated Sands: Effects of Re-Pressurization and Depletion Hysteresis

Accurate estimation of in-situ stresses is a critical parameter for geo-mechanical modelling. In-situ stresses are estimated in the field from logs and frac tests. Laboratory tests are performed with cored material to estimate horizontal stress changes under defined boundary conditions to complement field data. Horizontal stress path coefficient is used to estimate a change in in-situ stresses as the reservoir undergoes depletion or injection. Uniaxial Strain boundary conditions are representative of far field stress state. The laboratory data provides the change in horizontal stress with a change in pore pressure. It is used to complement the field data acquisition of absolute stress values to predict the value of total stresses. This experimental study provides a novel method of simulating geological compaction for fabricating representative samples from unconsolidated sands. It investigates the variability of horizontal stress path coefficient as a function of changing pore pressure (depressurization and re-pressurization) in unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs. Synthetic sandstones samples were made from sand packs by consolidating them under an isostatic stress path at ambient pore pressure. After getting to initial reservoir conditions, a series of pore pressure depletion and injection tests with varying magnitudes (injection and depletion) were performed to study the effects of stress path direction and associated hysteresis. The magnitude of the stress path coefficient under depletion is lower than that under injection for the first load-unload cycle. In subsequent load-unload cycles, the stress path coefficient values remain constant until the sample is depleted to a new level of pore pressure. A Modified Cam Clay model is fit to the data to map the expansion of the yield surface and quantify the model parameters. Application of this research includes accurate prediction of changes in-situ stresses during depletion and injection stress paths for simulating unconsolidated reservoirs behavior under fluid injection or further depletion.

Promoting scientific software quality through transition to continuous integration and continuous delivery

Software quality has been an issue for decades in many areas of scientific modelling for environment applications. Much of the software that has been developed is well-suited to supporting research investigation and application in one-off curated application environments, such as delivering solutions through community-based participatory approaches. However, when releasing the software into constrained production environments, with everyday operational challenges such as missing data, unintended user inputs, variable data quality, and values outside the bounds of those previously tested, lacks in software quality can become apparent. The lacks can result in lost time and effort to get the model running again, loss of trust in the model by users and, potentially, cessation in model use, and early and unexpected end-of-life. There have been many efforts through the years to encourage improved software quality, through approaches such as test-driven development, paired programming, more rigorous documentation, and better and broader user acceptance testing. The basis of many of these approaches is the art and science of software testing, through the whole development chain from unit testing, regression testing, integration testing, functional testing and to user testing. Continuous Integration/ Continuous Development (CI/CD)/ Continuous Deployment uses an automated or semi-automated process pipeline that promotes or progresses software through various stages of 'readiness' in different system realms, from development to testing to production. Faithful application of CI/CD promotes good quality software by requiring the software to pass a series of pre-determined tests before it is accepted into the next realm. Models must meet quality levels and pass automated tests to be able to be promoted. Additionally, governance gateways are used to check non-automated workflow components, such as manual testing. This paper explores the challenges and lessons learned in adoption and application of secure CI/CD in an operational environmental modelling enterprise, and suggests a minimum viable good practice approach for application to scientific environmental modelling.

Mechanical properties of discarded shield residue improved by calcium carbide slag and fly ash as subgrade filling.

To utilize discarded shield residue and alleviate the shortage of subgrade filling, industrial wastes such as calcium carbide slag (CCS) and fly ash (FA) were considered to enhance the mechanical properties of the shield residue. A series of laboratory tests, including California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests, moisture content tests, pH tests, water stability tests, and dry-wet cycles tests were performed on discarded shield residue with additive contents. The results show that the UCS and CBR values enhanced significantly with the increase in curing time. However, the moisture content and pH of the stabilized soil exhibited a decreasing trend. The early UCS of CCS-FA stabilized soil is slightly lower than that of QL-FA stabilized soil. After 60 curing days, all stabilized soil exhibited a UCS value exceeding 1.9 MPa. In addition, the CBR values of CCS-FA stabilized soil were more than 8 times higher than those of the original shield residue. Furthermore, the water stability of CCS-FA stabilized soil is slightly better than QL-FA stabilized soil, especially at 7 days and 14 days. As for dry-wet cycles test, after the fifth cycle, the CCS-FA stabilized soil maintained overall integrity. The CCS can effectively replace QL to enhance the mechanical properties of shield residue as subgrade filling.

Stock Market Response to Exchange Rate in Nigeria

This study seeks to determine the response of Nigeria stock market to fluctuations in exchange rate. The stock market is decomposed into Market Capitalization, All Share Index, and Volume of Transactions. Secondary data were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin and the World Development Index (WDI) covering the period under study (2002-2020) for this study. The analytical technique used was Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) multiple regression analysis with series of preliminary and diagnostic tests. The findings revealed that the Real Exchange Rate has a positive and significant impact on Market Capitalization while it demonstrated a negative and significant effect on All Shares Index and Volume of Transactions of the Nigerian stock market. The study concludes that it is important to regulate and stabilize the exchange rate to achieve impressive growth and performance in the Nigerian stock market. The study recommends that the Federal Government should focus on revamping other sectors of the economy, enact policies to discourage importation of certain goods and services, and create an enabling environment to encourage the production and exportation of goods and services which would save the country's foreign reserves and reduce high and adverse exchange rates. The study however suggests that stable and appreciating exchange rates are crucial for impressive and predictable stock market performance in Nigeria.

A new grouting procedure to enhance axial response of helical piles in sand

Helical (or screw) piles are deep foundation elements consisting of a steel shaft with single or multiple helical plates (helices) attached near the base of the shaft. The helices and shaft are rotated into the ground using a torque motor located at the head of the shaft. The axial resistance of the piles is provided through bearing on the helices with some additional axial resistance derived from skin friction on the shaft. This paper examines the benefits of a variation of this foundation system in sandy soils, which involved post-installation injection of a cementitious grout in the vicinity of the helix. The intent is that the grout adds a bond strength to a volume of sand that has a larger diameter than that of the helix, thereby increasing the bearing resistance. A new set-up devised to facilitate easy and rapid grouting to take place is first described. The benefits of grouting are then examined in a series of full-scale static tension and compression tests performed at sand sites in Perth, Australia involving both grouted and un-grouted single helix piles. It is demonstrated that grouting led to doubling of axial stiffness and capacity with the addition of just 80 litres of grout to a 350mm diameter helix. The increases observed are quantifiable by combining a recently published design method with measured injected grout volumes.

Assessment of Kalimantan Coal Ash Properties and Potential as Sustainable Construction Material

This study analyzes the physical and chemical characteristics of Fly Ash and Bottom Ash (FABA) from Kalimantan's coal-fired power plants to assess their effectiveness and potential as sustainable construction materials. The characterization was conducted through a series of tests following ASTM C311 standards, while the mechanical properties of mortars incorporating Fly Ash (FA) were evaluated following ASTM C618 standards. The results indicate that all FA samples meet the ASTM C618 Fineness requirements, with particle sizes below 45 μm, confirming their suitability as pozzolanic materials. In contrast, Bottom Ash (BA) samples do not meet the Fineness standard but still show potential for use in other construction applications. Chemical analysis utilizing X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) further supports the potential use of FABA from Kalimantan, revealing a high content of reactive oxides, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, which justify the classification as Class F for PLTU Asam-Asam (AA) and PLTU Bengkayang (BK), and the classification as Class C for PLTU Pulang Pisau (PP). X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis also validates the high silica (SiO2) content and low levels of deleterious compounds. Additionally, the mechanical properties confirm the effectiveness of FA from PLTU AA with a Strength Activity Index (SAI) value exceeding 100%. The findings of this research provide strong evidence for the potential of Kalimantan FABA as a sustainable material while contributing to enhanced compressive strength and durability in concrete application.

Serial Dilation and Intentional Fracturing of Stents in Congenital Heart Disease-Benchside Tests and Initial Clinical Results.

There is some reluctance to implant stents in small children due to concerns regarding outgrowing the maximal stent diameter during follow-up. Evaluation of a treatment strategy on the bench side, including intentional stent fracturing, and description of our initial clinical experience. A series of benchside tests was performed with small stents, in which the stents were dilated above the rated diameters until they ultimately fractured. The diameters and pressures needed to fracture these stents were documented. This approach of intentional stent fracturing was used to treat the first series of patients. Benchside testing of coronary stents (Coroflex blue, Onyx, and Bentley coronary) and the different-sized Cook Formula stents confirmed that all these can be fractured intentionally. An important step to prevent the development of a "napkin ring" was to implant a second larger stent before dilatation with ultra-high pressure balloons (fracturing procedure). In 17 patients, previously implanted stents were dilated serially and ultimately fractured. The stents had been implanted in branch pulmonary arteries (n = 9), in the right ventricular outflow tract (n = 3), and in the aortic isthmus (n = 5). After dilation up to the fracturing diameter known from the benchside tests, a second larger stent was implanted and the initial stent was fractured with ultra-high-pressure dilatation. Fracturing of the stent was possible in all patients. No serious complications were noted. Serial dilatation and intentional fracturing of stents are feasible, do not increase the risk for complications, and may play an important role in the management of growing children with congenital heart defects.

Study on the influence of digital inclusive finance on the development of provincial fishery economy and regional economic convergence in China

In recent years, the rapid development of digital inclusive finance in China has affected many aspects of social development, especially economic development, which has a good driving force. At the same time, the development of the fishery economy has been challenged by many aspects, and digital inclusive finance may inject new development momentum into the development of the fishery economy. Using the digital financial inclusion index and relevant data on the fishery economic development of 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in China from 2013 to 2020, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of digital financial inclusion on provincial fishery economic development through the dual fixed effect panel data econometric model of controlled region and time. The main conclusions are as follows: The benchmark regression results show that digital inclusive finance can positively promote the development of the fishery economy at the significance level of 1%, and the digital development degree of digital inclusive finance also has a significant role in promoting the development of the fishery economy. After the endogeneity test of the system GMM model and a series of robustness tests, the model results are still significant. The results of the moderating effect model show that technological innovation plays a positive moderating role in the impact of digital inclusive finance on the development of the fishery economy, while the upgrading of the industrial structure plays an inhibitory role. Based on the results of the β convergence model, it can be found that there is no convergence in the level of fishery economic development among provinces. The development of digital inclusive finance will play a greater role in promoting areas with better fisheries and economic development, thus widening the development gap between regions. Finally, the paper discusses the effect of the conclusion and the improvement, which is of reference significance for the coordinated development of the fishery economy based on finance between regions.

Modeling of the Stress-Strain Quality of Hydroentangled Nonwoven Fabrics

Hydroentanglement is a mechanical bonding process designed to produce nonwoven fabrics with appearances and textures that resemble woven and knitted fabrics. Eleven samples of hydroentangled nonwoven fabrics with different compositions and weights were subjected to a series of uniaxial stress-strain tests. Models, ranging from the simple Kelvin to the more complicated Kelvin–Vangheluwe, were fitted to the experimental data to find a generalized and universal model. In this model, a nonwoven fabric was considered a nonlinear viscoelastic material. The combination of Kelvin and Vangheluwe models resulted in an excellent fit to the uniaxial stress-strain curves. The model-predicted results almost overlapped with the experimental data, an indication of its excellent accuracy in predicting the mechanical behavior of nonwoven fabrics.

Experimental analysis on post-fire performance of GRAC filled steel tubular columns and thermal properties of GRAC

This paper presents experimental investigation on the post-fire performance of geopolymeric recycled aggregate concrete filled steel tube (GRACFST) columns and temperature field of GRAC cubes. A total of 10 GRACFST column specimens were tested to investigate their post-fire performance. A total of 10 GRACFST column specimens were tested to evaluate their performance after exposure to fire, considering various parameters: (a) cross-section type (circular and square); (b) testing conditions (ambient temperature test, post-fire test without initial load, and full-coupled post-fire test); (c) target temperatures (20 ℃, 600 ℃, and 800 ℃); and high-temperature exposure durations (30 min and 180 min). The study examined failure modes, temperature evolution, deformation and strain patterns, and post-fire ultimate bearing capacities. The test data revealed the commendable post-fire performance of GRACFST columns, as evidenced by the residual strength index typically falling within the range of 0.83 to 1.11. To calibrate the thermal properties of GRAC materials, a series of temperature field tests of GRAC cubes at different target temperatures (200 ℃, 400 ℃, 600 ℃ and 800 ℃) were conducted. These tests provided data on temperature distribution within the cubes and mass loss due to high temperatures. Using back analysis of these temperature field tests, thermal property models for GRAC, including thermal conductivity, specific heat, and density, were developed and validated by simulating temperature data from existing fire and post-fire tests of GRACFST columns. The proposed thermal property models are crucial for designing this novel composite column type for fire resistance applications.

Study on the effect of water on the shear behavior and microstructure of red mudstone

Red mudstone has significant hydrophilicity, that is hard at low water contents and soft and unstable at high water contents, and understanding the whole range of water content on the shear behavior of red mudstone is critical for evaluating red beds landslide stability. However, the deterioration mechanism of red mudstone in the process of gradual humidification is not clear in the whole range of water content. In this study, a series of mechanical and microscopic tests were carried out in the whole range of water content. A mechanical behavior prediction model for the entire process under the coupling of initial damage and load damage was constructed. The results show that the deterioration of shear strength, elastic modulus and strength parameters conforms to the “logistic model” curve with the increase of water content in the whole range of water content. In addition, the water sensitivity of cohesion was higher than the internal friction angle, and it gradually stabilized as water content increased. The weakening mechanism of the mechanical strength in the accelerated decline stage is the initiation and propagation of microcracks caused by mineral expansion, which leads to the corresponding shear behavior. Finally, the constructed damage model can be transformed into different yield conditions through parameter changes. The introduction of coupling damage enables the model to more accurately describe and predict the accelerated attenuation stage of red mudstone in the process of gradual humidification in the whole range of water content.

Increasing the Performance of Ring Foundation to Lateral Loads by using a Skirt Foundation

In numerous engineering foundation designs, the influence of lateral loads is frequently underestimated in calculations. Consequently, recent studies have increasingly concentrated on comprehending the behavior of soil and foundations when subjected to lateral load influences. The present study aims to examine the performance of ring foundations, a common engineering solution employed in the construction of tall and slender structures that are vulnerable to lateral loads, such as those exerted by wind forces. The objective of this study is to enhance the lateral resistance of ring foundations by incorporating skirt foundations. The efficacy of skirt foundations was evaluated through a series of tests conducted on sandy soils of varying densities, ranging from dense to medium loose sand. Subsequently, lateral loads were applied to the ring foundations, both with and without skirt foundations. The results demonstrated that the lateral resistance increased in proportion to the ratio between the inner and outer diameters. Furthermore, the improvement rate was enhanced by the addition of the skirt foundation. Additionally, the lateral resistance increased with increasing the skirt foundation depth, reaching a maximum of approximately 50-100%. Similarly, an increase in the skirt inclination ratio to 450 resulted in a lateral resistance increase of up to 650%.

Experimental and numerical investigation on layered UHPC beams incorporated with recycled macro fibers

The high cost of production is a major hindrance to the wider use of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). Recently, the authors’ group has proposed to replace expensive steel fibers in UHPC using macro fibers mechanically recycled from the solid waste of glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP). Such a concept has been justified by a series of tests, whose results indicate that the recycled macro fibers are effective in mitigating the development of cracks. However, a somewhat negative impact on UHPC strength would be generated by macro fibers. To lower the negative effect on concrete strength at the compression area and further increase the added value of macro fibers, this paper attempted to employ the layered UHPC structure, in which only the tension layer was reinforced with macro fibers. A total of 30 layered UHPC beam specimens were prepared and tested. The test variables comprised of the thickness of the bottom layer and the macro fiber volume fraction within the bottom layer. In addition, the fiber re-arrangement analysis was performed. The results revealed that, under the layer thickness of 50 mm, when the macro fiber volume fraction increased from 2 % to 6 %, the flexural toughness increased from 58.87 to 136.59 J (132.02 % enhancement). The maximum fiber efficiency was reached at the group with a fiber fraction of 2 % and a bottom layer thickness of 50 mm. Furthermore, numerical simulation was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of the tensile constitutive relation of UHPMFRC in the layered structure. The results indicated that it could not be directly used as model input in the numerical simulation of layered UHPMFRC structures when a strong fiber alignment effect was exhibited.

How financial derivatives affect energy firms' ESG

This paper investigates how the usage of financial derivatives affect energy firm's ESG. Using a sample of Chinese listed energy firms, we document a positive relation between the financial derivatives usage and corporate ESG performance, and the results remain robust under a series of robustness and endogeneity tests. Alleviated financial pressure, enhanced information efficiency and increased risk exposure are potential mechanisms through which financial derivative usage promotes ESG performance. Moreover, the influence of financial derivatives exhibits heterogeneity, and the improvement of corporate ESG performance is more pronounced for state-owned enterprises, large firms, firms receive more investor attention, and firms located in the eastern region in China. Our study may shed lights on the impact of financial derivatives usage on energy firm's sustainable development.

Relationship between void characteristics and re-liquefaction resistance: An image analysis study

To scrutinize the impact of void characteristics on re-liquefaction resistance, a series of constant-volume cyclic bi-axial tests was conducted on an assembly of plastic rods. The first and second liquefaction stages involved the application of isotropic compression at 100 kPa followed by constant-volume cyclic loading with the deviator stress set at 30 or 60 kPa. This study introduced an innovative image analysis method to quantify four void characteristics: anisotropy index (Ie) and average void element size (Ae) for the element-based analysis, and local anisotropy index (Ie,ij) and local void ratio (eij) for the grid-based analysis. The newly developed anisotropy index was seen to facilitate the assessment of the primary alignment and degree of anisotropy in void elements. The results confirmed that an increase in re-liquefaction resistance is evident in specimens with lower average eij, coefficient of variation (CV) of eij, and Ie, indicating denser, more homogeneous, and isotropic conditions. Nevertheless, specimens with a greater degree of anisotropy were found to be more susceptible to re-liquefaction. The development of strain in the early stages of cyclic loading was found to be predominantly influenced by the anisotropy index, underscoring the imperative need for an enhanced method that can predict liquefaction resistance, as well as re-liquefaction resistance, and incorporates the anisotropy index.

Neutron-induced backgrounds in coaxial cables on the South Pole neutron time-of-flight detector at the National Ignition Facility

As neutron yields increase at fusion facilities, a universal symptom the community must deal with is MeV neutron-induced backgrounds in cables running to diagnostics. On the first Gain >1 plasmas in the world, the National Ignition Facility (NIF) neutron time-of-flight (nToF) diagnostic registered significant cable backgrounds that compromised key performance measurements. The South Pole nToF is uniquely located inside the NIF Target Bay shield walls, ∼18 m from the fusion source, and consequently has long coaxial cable runs (>20 m) that see significant neutron fluence. The resulting neutron-driven current in the cable is comparable to the downscattered neutron signal, compromising the downscattered ratio (DSR) measurement. We have characterized this background with a series of on-shot tests and developed a background subtraction technique to mitigate these effects. The background subtracted DSR results are validated against zirconium activation measurements, indicating that we have successfully reclaimed high-quality data output. The ion temperature measurement is found to not be affected by this background. Alternative approaches to addressing neutron-induced cable backgrounds are presented for potential future hardware upgrades.

Preparation and properties of Ni-SiO2 superhydrophobic coating by brush plating on inner wall of pipeline

Coal is easy to stay on the inner wall of the pipeline during transportation. In order to solve this problem, it is usually necessary to improve the hydrophobicity of the inner wall of the pipeline. In this study, 45 # steel, which is wear-resistant and has good machinability, is used as the matrix for coal pipeline. Ni-SiO2 composite coatings were prepared on the inner surface of 45 # steel pipelines using a novel brush plating tool, and the hydrophobicity of the coatings were evaluated. Firstly, a series of four-factor and three-level orthogonal tests were conducted to investigate the impact of brush plating working voltage (12V, 14V, 16V), nanoparticle concentration (1g/L, 2g/L, 3g/L), brush plating duration (2min, 3.5min, 5min), and bath temperature (25 ℃, 35 ℃, 45 ℃) on the hydrophobicity of the composite coating. Subsequently, optimum process parameters were determined. Then 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H- perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane was used to modify the coating surface in order to further improve its hydrophobicity. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy spectrum analyzer (EDS), optical contact angle measuring instrument, white light interferometer, Vickers hardness tester, scratch tester, friction and wear meter and electrochemical workstation were used to evaluate the coating's related properties. The experimental results show that the Ni-SiO2 nano-composite coating has a higher angle (135°) when the operational voltage of brush plating is 14V, the amount of nanoparticles is 3g/L, the brush plating time is 2min, and the bath temperature is 35 ℃. The concentration of nanoparticles is the biggest factor affecting the hydrophobicity through orthogonal test analysis, so the control variable method is used to further study the influence of the concentration of nanoparticles on the comprehensive performance of the coating. It was found that with the increase of nanoparticle concentration, surface quality and comprehensive performance of the coating showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, and the surface of the coating was rougher when the nanoparticles were added at 4g/L, and the maximum porosity was 31.34%. At this time, the contact angle of the super hydrophobic coating has reached 150.1°, which has reached the super hydrophobicity, and the coating has good hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance.