Series Of Microring Resonators Research Articles

TEMPORAL SOLITON: GENERATION AND APPLICATIONS IN OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS

In general, the temporal and spectral shape of a short optical soliton pulse does not change during propagation in a nonlinear medium due to the Kerr effect which balances the chromatic dispersion. Microring resonators (MRRs) can be used to generate chaotic signals. The smaller MRR is used to form the stopping and filtering system. The employed optical material was InGaAsP/InP, which is suitable for use in the practical devices and systems. The tuning and manipulation of the bandwidth of the soliton signals is recommended to control the output signals. The MRRs can be applied to produce ultra-short pulses, where the medium has a nonlinear condition, thus, using of soliton laser becomes an interesting subject. Therefore, an ultra-short pulse in the scope of pico and femtoseconds soliton pulses can be utilized for many applications in engineering communications. In order to obtain smaller bandwidth of the optical soliton pulses, we propose integrating series of MRRs. In this study, 5 fs soliton pulse could be generated using a series of five MRRs. The soliton signals experience less loss during the propagation, where they are more stable compared to normal conventional laser pulses. Using the series of MRRs connected to an add/drop system, shorter soliton bandwidth and highly multi soliton pulses can be obtained. Therefore, generation of ultra-short multi picosecond (1.2 and 1.3 ps), could be performed, where the radius of the add/drop system has been selected to 50 and 300 µm respectively.

Microring resonator for transmission of solitons via wired/wireless optical communication

A system of soliton array (SA) for optical communication using the wired/wireless link is presented. Gaussian laser beam with relevant parameters is input into the rings system. Here, bright soliton with Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) and Free Specrum Range (FSR) of 120 ps and 370 ps are generated respectively. We demonstrate that SA can be obtained by a series of micro ring resonators with input optical laser pulse. A PIN photodetector with responsivity of 1 A/W and dark current of 10 nA is used to convert the optical pulses to array of radio frequency (RF). Here, transmission of SA via 70 km fiber optics and 25 m wireless has been investigated.

Numerical computation of solitonic pulse generation for terabit/sec data transmission

This paper presents a multi-soliton generation system for terabit data transmission. In this system, multi-solitons are produced by a series of micro-ring resonators (MRRs) incorporated with an add/drop filter. The generated multi-solitons are equalized by wavelength selective switch, therefore achieving flat frequency combs that can be used as multi-wavelengths for data transmission. The output signals from the MRRs, which have a soliton pulse range of 191.2–195.7 THz, result in 345 comb multi-wavelengths with specific FSR of 12.5 GHz. After the comb spectrum is split into odd and even carriers, 16-QAM is used to modulate each carrier with sinc-shaped Nyquist pulses. At this point, the modulation of neighboring carriers generates spectrally overlapping channels, which emulate orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. By applying 345 carriers, 16-QAM modulation, polarization multiplexing, and exploiting sinc-shaped Nyquist pulses with symbol rates of 12.5 GBd, a total data rate of 34.5 Tbit/s is achievable. The error vector magnitude and bit error rate of the system are also discussed.

Planar integrated plasmonic mid-IR spectrometer

ABSTRACTA compact spectrometer-on-a-chip featuring a plasmonic molecular interaction region has been conceived, designed, modeled, and partially fabricated. The silicon-on-insulator (SOI) system is the chosen platform for the integration. The low loss of both silicon and SiO2 between 3 and 4 μm wavelengths enables silicon waveguides on SiO2 as the basis for molecular sensors at these wavelengths. Important characteristic molecular vibrations occur in this range, namely the bond stretching modes C-H (Alkynes), O-H (monomeric alcohols, phenols) and N-H (Amines), as well as CO double bonds, NH2, and CN. The device consists of a broad-band infrared LED, photonic waveguides, photon-to-plasmon transformers, a molecular interaction region, dispersive structures, and detectors. Photonic waveguide modes are adiabatically converted into SPPs on a neighboring metal surface by a tapered waveguide. The plasmonic interaction region enhances optical intensity, which allows a reduction of the overall device size without a reduction of the interaction length, in comparison to ordinary optical methods. After the SPPs propagate through the interaction region, they are converted back into photonic waveguide modes by a second taper. The dispersing region consists of a series of micro-ring resonators with photodetectors coupled to each resonator. Design parameters were optimized via electro-dynamic simulations. Fabrication was performed using a combination of photo- and electron-beam-lithography together with standard silicon processing techniques.

Simulation Of Soliton Amplification In Micro Ring Resonator For Optical Communication

A system consisting of a series of micro ring resonator (MRR) is proposed. Optical dark and bright soliton pulses propagating through the nonlinear waveguides are amplified. This system can be used in long distance communication system. The dark and bright soliton is input into the designed system. The nonlinear effect contributes to segregation of continuous soliton pulse into smaller pulses. In this way large bandwidth of optical signals can be obtained. The power amplification occurs when the soliton propagates along the MRRs systems. In this research the concern is the generation of amplified pulse of optical dark and bright soliton while propagating in the MRR device. Simulated results show the amplification of bright soliton in which the input power increases from 0.6 W to 10.9331 W and 7.684 W at the trapped wavelength of 1520.428 nm and 1519.912 nm respectively. Key words: Optical soliton; dark soliton; bright soliton; soliton amplification

Privacy Amplification of QKD Protocol in a Quantum Router

We propose a new system of quantum cryptography for QKD protocol with privacy amplification for internet security using Gaussian pulse propagating within a nonlinear ring resonator system, quantum processor and a wavelength router. To increase the channel capacity and security, the multiplexer is operated incorporating a quantum processing unit via an optical multiplexer. The transmission part can be used to generate the high capacity quantum codes within the series of micro ring resonators and an add/drop filter. The receiver part can be communicated by using the quantum key (quantum bit, qubit) via a wavelength router and quantum processors. The reference states can be recognized by using the cloning unit, which is operated by the add/drop filter, where the communication between Alice and Bob can be performed. Results obtained have shown that the correlated photons can be generated and formed the entangled photon pair, which is allowed to form the secret key between Alice and Bob. In application, the embedded system within the computer processing unit is available for quantum computer.

Dark Soliton Array for Communication Security

A system of dark soliton array (DSA) for secured optical communication using the multiplexed dark soliton pulses is presented. Different wavelength of input soliton pulses with relevant parameters are fed into the rings system while the radii of the rings are 7μm, 5μm and Rd=50μm. Result shows that the free spectrum range of dark soliton input with the center wavelength of 1503nm is 0.073nm. DSA can be obtained using a series of micro ring resonators with input optical solitons of different wavelength, range from λ=1513nm to λ=1517nm. The DSA can be tuned and amplified used for many application in optical communication such as security purposes. In transmission link, the long distance link of the multi variable network can be performed using DSA.