Series Of Programs Research Articles

Nueva versión en Windows del sistema AUDIX para la evaluación objetiva de la audición

El presente trabajo describe una nueva versión del sistema AUDIX, diseñada como una estación de trabajo informatizada, para la audiometría objetiva y subjetiva. El sistema, esta integrado por un ordenador (PC) con una serie de programas de cómputo (“software”) el cual se conecta mediante una interfaz universal (universal serial bus USB) con un bloque electrónico especializado (“hardware”). El bloque electrónico tiene dos amplificadores bioeléctricos y un estimulador acústico digital totalmente programable con dos canales independientes. Esto permite generar de manera simultánea por ambos oídos, estímulos complejos diferentes (mezcla de tonos modulados en amplitud). Los estímulos acústicos pueden ser presentados a través de audiófonos (suprauriculares o de inserción), vibrador óseo y/o altavoces. El software programado sobre una plataforma Windows, tiene 5 módulos diferentes para la adquisición y análisis de PEA transientes y de estado estable, audiometría conductual, administración de base de datos y calibración. La base de datos del sistema permite almacenar, borrar, extraer, crear y realizar copias de respaldo. Durante la adquisición de los PEA se utilizan diferentes métodos estadísticos como indicadores para la detección objetiva de las respuestas. Puede visualizarse en forma concurrente la actividad bioeléctrica de base (monitoreo de EEG) y el resultado de la promediación (PEA). Los resultados del examen electroaudiométrico son analizados fuera de línea de una manera flexible, generándose múltiples reportes gráficos y permitiendo la comparación automática con datos normativos. En el caso de los PEAee los resultados pueden ser presentados en el formato estándar de un audiograma convencional utilizando diferentes escalas (dB: HL, SPL, nHL). El sistema AUDIX ha sido validado ampliamente en la práctica clínica resultando de utilidad para la detección temprana de las pérdidas auditivas y la caracterización precisa de la audición en toda la gama de frecuencias audibles.

A Study of the Optical Properties of Barium Selenide Crystals. I. Fundamental Functions

The full complex of 18 fundamental optical functions describing a barium selenide crystal was obtained in the spectral range of 0–40 eV. Their main features and general laws were established. Calculations were performed using a series of computer programs based on the Kramers–Kronig integral relations, the Taft–Philippe extrapolation model, and experimental reflectance spectra in the regions of 3.0–5.5 eV at 2 K and 3–40 eV at 77 K.

Generating large question banks of graded questions with tailored feedback and its effect on student performance

Formative assessments have been developed to give students practice with simple mathematical manipulations necessary in physical chemistry. A series of computer programs has been used to generate large pools of questions to accompany a core undergraduate physical chemistry module. In each assessment the questions are graded to increase the cognitive load gradually and feedback is tailored to each individual response. Furthermore, the assessments are arranged in a “daisy chain” to ensure that one is completed before the next may be attempted. The difference in terminal examination results between cohorts prior and post intervention is presented. There appears to have been a positive effect on the examination performance of the post intervention students.

Generating Large Question Banks of Graded Questions with Tailored Feedback and its Effect on Student Performance

Formative assessments have been developed to give students practice with simple mathematical manipulations necessary in physical chemistry. A series of computer programs has been used to generate large pools of questions to accompany a core undergraduate physical chemistry module. In each assessment the questions are graded to increase the cognitive load gradually and feedback is tailored to each individual response. Furthermore, the assessments are arranged in a “ daisy chain ” to ensure that one is completed before the next may be attempted. The difference in terminal examination results between cohorts prior and post intervention is presented. There appears to have been a positive effect on the examination performance of the post intervention students.

Crystal Engineering Using a “Turtlebug” Algorithm: A de Novo Approach to the Design of Binodal Metal–Organic Frameworks

A new series of computer programs that enumerate three-dimensional periodic embedded nets (i.e., representing crystals) is based on an algorithm that can theoretically enumerate all possible struct...

Monitoring of Microarc Oxidation Process with Application of personal computer

The article considers monitoring of the microarc oxidation process via PC. A series of computer programs is developed. The obtained results allow to assess the sustainability of the process in various modes and at different stages of the process of oxidation and to determine the time of transition to a dangerous regime.

Molecular Design of Specific Metal‐Binding Peptide Sequences from Protein Fragments: Theory and Experiment

A novel strategy is presented for designing peptides with specific metal-ion chelation sites, based on linking computationally predicted ion-specific combinations of amino acid side chains coordinated at the vertices of the desired coordination polyhedron into a single polypeptide chain. With this aim, a series of computer programs have been written that 1) creates a structural combinatorial library containing Zi-(X)n-Zj sequences (n=0-14; Z: amino acid that binds the metal through the side chain; X: any amino acid) from the existing protein structures in the non-redundant Protein Data Bank; 2) merges these fragments into a single Z1-(X)n1 -Z2-(X)n2 -Z3-(X)n3 -...-Zj polypeptide chain; and 3) automatically performs two simple molecular mechanics calculations that make it possible to estimate the internal strain in the newly designed peptide. The application of this procedure for the most M2+-specific combinations of amino acid side chains (M: metal; see L. Rulísek, Z. Havlas J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107, 2376-2385) yielded several peptide sequences (with lengths of 6-20 amino acids) with the potential for specific binding with six metal ions (Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+). The gas-phase association constants of the studied metal ions with these de novo designed peptides were experimentally determined by MALDI mass spectrometry by using 3,4,5-trihydroxyacetophenone as a matrix, whereas the thermodynamic parameters of the metal-ion coordination in the condensed phase were measured by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), chelatometry and NMR spectroscopy methods. The data indicate that some of the computationally predicted peptides are potential M2+-specific metal-ion chelators.

A new cache document replacement policy considering the contribution to sales

Most traditional cache document replacement policies are focused on the efficiency aspect and these documents are replaced according to their last access times, request frequencies, and sizes. However, in addition to providing efficient document acquisition service, a successful commercial website also has to create incentives for customers, so as to gain sufficient revenues to support the continuing operation of the website. For this reason, a new cache document replacement policy considering the contribution-to-sales of every document is proposed in this study. In order to evaluate the contribution-to-sales of a document, two web mining techniques are applied. Then the traditional GDSF policy is modified to incorporate this new factor. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, an experimental EC website has been constructed, and a series of computer programs have been developed to simulate the accesses by various kinds of users to the website and to obtain some data for rudimentary analyses. The results showed that the proposed replacement policy could at most increase the hit rate and the byte hit rate by 16% and 9%, respectively, for customers compared with traditional replacement policies.

Computational methods for the analysis of swimming biomechanics

A series of computer programs is presented which enables the analysis of fish body shape and mass distributions, spine positions, spine curvatures and coordinates for the centre of mass. Data are derived from silhouette outlines of swimming fish, white muscle strains during swimming, white muscle force-time development functions for body bending cycles, muscle force and power production along the whole fish body and hydrodynamic efficiencies for fast-start swimming behaviours.

A web site for the computational analysis of yeast regulatory sequences.

A series of computer programs were developed for the analysis of regulatory sequences, with a special focus on yeast. These tools are publicly available on the web (http://copan.cifn.unam. mx/Computational_Biology/yeast-tools or http://www.ucmb.ulb.ac. be/bioinformatics/rsa-tools/). Basically, three classical problems can be addressed: (a) search for known regulatory patterns in the upstream regions of known genes; (b) discovery of unknown regulatory patterns within a set of upstream regions known to be co-regulated; (c) search for unknown genes potentially regulated by a known transcription factor. Each of these tasks can be performed on basis of a simple (string) or more refined (matrix) description of the regulatory patterns. A feature-map program automatically generates visual representations of the positions at which patterns were found. The site also provides a series of general utilities, such as generation of random sequence, automatic drawing of XY graphs, interconversions between sequence formats, etc. Several tools are linked together to allow their sequential utilization (piping), but each one can also be used independently by filling the web form with external data. This widens the scope of the site to the analysis of non-regulatory and/or non-yeast sequences.

Wildcat World: simulation programs for teaching basic concepts in psychological science.

A series of computer programs is described that allows beginning psychology students to design, conduct, analyze, and interpret virtual (computer-simulated) psychological studies. This technique allows the instructor more control over the outcome of student experiments, increases the scope of experiments that can be done by students, decreases the amount of class time that must be devoted to conducting experiments, and eliminates concerns about student experimenters using human or animal subjects.

The World Wide Web, Computers and Teaching Literature

Students in my on‐campus literature classes have made good use of a series of computer programs that I have created for text analysis. I offered a course via the World Wide Web that provided 14 of my programs to students throughout the world. My course taught those students how to use the programs, and as they completed the assignments, students not only learned to use software for literary analysis, but they also often gained new kinds of insights into the study of texts.

Research Needs for Determining Spatially Resolved Subfleet Characteristics

Future emission models will need spatially resolved subfleet characteristics to determine mobile emission inventories. The use of geographic information systems and regional registration data for developing location-specific vehicle characteristics that can feed future models is addressed. Issues regarding data availability and quality are explored to define gaps in the research that may prevent development of comprehensive and accurate estimates. As a component of a larger research project studying vehicle emission modeling, a six-step process was developed and implemented for a 100 km2 area in Atlanta. Vehicles were geocoded by using registration addresses, and vehicle characteristics were determined through a series of computer programs, commercial software, and related datasets. During the process, many research issues were identified that prevent a comprehensive assessment of spatially resolved fleet characteristics. The data and research needed to further improve the capability to generate spatially resolved subfleet characteristics were identified.

Nondestructive Evaluation of Composite Materials by ESPI

Electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) was used to perform nondestructive evaluation of carbon-fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminate plates containing various sizes and shapes of defects located at different depths. A specially designed vacuum box was used to provide the deformation of the test specimen. Not the same as the traditional ESPI, the decorrelation between two speckle patterns was used to determine the size, and shape of a defect. By using the speckle decorrelation, the location, size and shape of a defect can be easily determined. A series of computer programs was developed on the ESPI system to acquire and analyze the interferometric patterns. Although the detected shape and size do not match well with the originally embedded one, the ESPI procedures developed in this paper should still be a potentially quantitative nondestructive method for detecting the location and size of the defect in composite materials.

Nondestructive Evaluation of Composite Materials by ESPI

Abstract Electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) was used to perform nondestructive evaluation of carbon-fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminate plates containing various sizes and shapes of defects located at different depths. A specially designed vacuum box was used to provide the deformation of the test specimen. Not the same as the traditional ESPI, the decorrelation between two speckle patterns was used to determine the size, and shape of a defect. By using the speckle decorrelation, the location, size and shape of a defect can be easily determined. A series of computer programs was developed on the ESPI system to acquire and analyze the interferometric patterns. Although the detected shape and size do not match well with the originally embedded one, the ESPI procedures developed in this paper should still be a potentially quantitative nondestructive method for detecting the location and size of the defect in composite materials.

Nondestructive Evaluation of Composite Materials by ESPI

Electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) was used to perform nondestructive evaluation of carbon-fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminate plates containing various sizes and shapes of defects located at different depths. A specially designed vacuum box was used to provide the deformation of the test specimen. Not the same as the traditional ESPI, the decorrelation between two speckle patterns was used to determine the size, and shape of a defect. By using the speckle decorrelation, the location, size and shape of a defect can be easily determined. A series of computer programs was developed on the ESPI system to acquire and analyze the interferometric patterns. Although the detected shape and size do not match well with the originally embedded one, the ESPI procedures developed in this paper should still be a potentially quantitative nondestructive method for detecting the location and size of the defect in composite materials.

GAUSS IX: an interactive program for the analysis of gamma-ray spectra from Ge semiconductor detectors

The newest member of a series of computer programs developed at the INEL for analysis of gamma-ray spectra from Ge semiconductor detectors is GAUSS IX. This program makes use of the computational routines of GAUSS VII in an interactive structure. The interactive features are implemented with OSF/Motif and the X Window System. This interactive version can dramatically decrease the turnaround time for spectral analyses, especially when the user needs to refit some of the peaks with specially-chosen fitting parameters. The graphic features increase the opportunity for detecting patterns and anomalies in the spectral analyses. The user of this program can set up the analysis parameters (i.e., peaks, peak regions, etc.) interactively via window dialogs. The user can interactively display and review the results, selectively re-fit peaks, and save or purge the results, as appropriate. The spectral displays can include the spectral data, peak locations, peak fitting regions, fit curves, and background curves; and the display is completely zoomable, scrollable, and resizable. >

Application of Computer Simulation of Magmatic Processes to the Teaching of Petrology

A series of computer programs called COMAGMAT-3.0 has been developed to simulate basaltic magma differentiation processes. The programs are designed for use by igneous penologists to show the chemical consequences of magma crystallization. This package is a powerful tool that can be used to help students better understand how pressure, oxygen fugacity, and initial melt composition effect the resultant liquid lines of descent for 10 major and 20 trace elements. The model calculates the mineral proportions and compositions of olivine, plagioclase, pyroxenes and iron-ore phases crystallizing at different pressure and redox conditions. The effect of each parameter (including mineral-melt distribution coefficients) can be investigated numerically and output to the screen or a printer. Moreover, new methods of igneous rock interpretation can be applied to magmatic systems based on the package. The COMAGMAT programs operate in a user-friendly environment with the built-in help, and graphics support makes it usef...

Transient thermal stress analysis of interacting surface defects by digital photoelasticity

The digital photoelastic technique was used to obtain an experimental solution of the transient thermal stresses of two interacting semielliptic surface defects due to a step temperature change at the free surface. A series of computer programs were developed on the digital photoelastic system to extract the maximum transient thermal stress on the defect boundary. By using a statistical analysis package, the variation of the maximum transient thermal stresses and their locations were correlated with the time, temperature difference, and geometrical parameters of the defects.

A PROCEDURE FOR ESTIMATING THE CONDITIONAL STANDARD ERRORS OF MEASUREMENT FOR GRE GENERAL AND SUBJECT TESTS

ABSTRACTA series of computer programs were written for computing the conditional standard errors of measurement (CSEM) for both rights‐scored and formula‐scored tests based on a method suggested in Lord (1984), commonly known as Lord's Method IV or the compound binomial method. These programs estimate the conditional standard errors of measurement for both raw and scaled scores, average results for two or more forms, and compute form‐to‐form difference statistics for pairs of forms.Conditional standard errors of measurement, averages, and differences have been computed for the verbal, quantitative, and analytical raw and converted scores for eight forms of the GRE General Test and for two forms each of 15 GRE Subject Tests.The Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (Committee of AERA, APA, & NCME to Develop Standards, 1985) recommends that test publishers provide estimates of the standard error measurement at a number of widely spaced score levels. The CSEM data produced in this study have been made available to three programs which use GRE scores, along with other criteria, for awarding fellowships. These data also have been made available for use in GRE program publications and in correspondence.