Separation Of Chitosan Research Articles

ADSORPTION ISOTHERMS OF LEAD ION BY CHITOSAN FROM SHRIMP SHELL

<p><em>The adsorption </em><em>activities of chitosan from dried shrimp shells Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabrices) has been studied by analyzing its ability to remove lead ion from aqueous solution. This process including (i) isolation of chitosan from shrimp sells by deproteinization with NaOH, demineralization by adding HCl solution, decolorization</em> <em>with sodium hypo chloride and deacetylation by adding NaOH, (ii) studied of interaction between chitosan and Pb. The qualitative and quantitative method were used to analyses this chitosan. The isolate of chitosan has 72.39 % degree of deacetylation. This isolate was added into lead solution 10 – 1000 mg/l at pH 5. Furthermore, the solutions were shaken during 24 hours. After separation of chitosan from solution, the filtrate was identified by using Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometric. The results showed that chitosan from dried shrimp shells can used as adsorbent of lead ion at pH 5 which followed Freundlich isotherm (r > 0.95).</em></p>

Separation of chitosan by degree of acetylation using simple free solution capillary electrophoresis

Chitosan is a biopolymer of increasing significance, as well as a renewable and sustainable material. Its main molecular characteristics are molar mass and degree of acetylation (composition). Precise average degrees of acetylation were measured by quantitative (1)H solution-state NMR spectroscopy. While number-average degrees of acetylation had already been determined by (1)H NMR spectroscopy, weight-average degrees of acetylation are also determined and may be more relevant for some properties, such as mechanical properties. We report the first separation of chitosan according to its degree of acetylation using free solution capillary electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis separates chitosan in the 'critical conditions': the molar mass plays little role and the separation is by the degree of acetylation. It characterises the heterogeneity of chitosan samples in terms of composition (dispersity of the distribution of degrees of acetylation). This heterogeneity (broad distribution of degrees of acetylation) cannot be neglected contrary to a common assumption found in the literature. This fast and easy separation will allow establishing a structure-property relationships.

Antibacterial action of acetic acid soluble material isolated from Mucor rouxii and its application onto textile

Acetic acid soluble material (AcSM) is a chitosan-rich fraction isolated from the fungal cell wall materials. The final step in the traditional production of fungal chitosan is the separation of chitosan from the cell wall AcSM via raising the pH to 9–10 followed by centrifugation. This step results in further undesirable economic and environmental effects. The goal of this paper is to avoid that by investigating the antimicrobial effect of the whole AcSM from Mucor rouxii DSM-1191 cell wall and its application on cotton fabrics. The treated fabrics were characterized through monitoring the textile physical properties and for the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Micrococcus luteus. Results showed that Mucor rouxii DSM-1191 has excellent potentials to be used for cell wall AcSM production on industrial scale with a maximum content of 40% in dry mycelia. The obtained results indicated that the physical properties of the treated fabrics, as well as the antibacterial activity, were improved after treatment with fungal AcSM.

Separation of Chitosan from Penicillium Chrysogenum Mycelium and its Applications

A process to separate chitosan from Penicillium chrysogenum mycelium was developed. Alkaline treatment and acetic acid extraction were used for deacetylating chitin to chitosan. The molecular weight of the chitosan was 3.6 × 104 and the degree of deacetylation was 84%. Analysis indicated that the chitosan from Penicillium chrysogenum mycelium was similar to that obtained from shrimp. The chitosan from the mycelium was used to prepare microcapsules for controlled drug release. The chitosan microcapsules reached maximum release of vitamin D2 after 10 h which avoided the problem of instability in gastric juice; the chitosan microcapsules are suitable for adsorption of vitamin D2 in intestines.

Amino acids in chitin — glucan complex ofAspergillus niger

DeproteinatedA. niger biomass contains several covalently bound amino acids. The most abundant are arginine, serine, and proline in molar ratio of 3:2:2. One order of magnitude less is the amount of valine, phenylalanine, leucine and glycine. On deacetylation and separation of chitosan from glucan, the main three amino acids remain bound predominantly to chitosan, whereas the hydrophobic amino acids accompany mainly glucan. The presence of arginine could be the cause of stronger basicity of fungal chitosan compared to polyglucosamine.