Separation Of Bioactive Peptides Research Articles

Impact of a high hydrostatic pressure pretreatment on the separation of bioactive peptides from flaxseed protein hydrolysates by electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membranes

High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membranes (EDUF) are two efficient technologies used respectively to improve protein enzymatic hydrolysis and recovery of bioactive peptides, but they have never been tested together. Hence, in this study, HHP pre-treatment was performed on defatted flaxseed protein isolate prior to enzymatic hydrolysis and the resulting peptides were separated by EDUF. HHP pretreatment influenced particle size, protein conformation, and degree of hydrolysis. After EDUF separation, peptide fractions (generated after enzymatic hydrolysis of control and pressure-treated protein isolate) recovered in KCl fraction were enriched in arginine and associated with a decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Additionally, the final EDUF hydrolysate generated from pretreated protein and the initial EDUF hydrolysate from native protein were also associated with lower SBP. However, only the control KCl fraction obtained from native protein hydrolysate was associated with anti-diabetic activity.

Utilization of blood by-products: An in silico and experimental combined study for BSA usage

In order to exploit industrial discards, protein enzymatic hydrolysis is a currently popular methodology for obtaining bioactive peptides. However, once released, most promising peptides have to be selected from the mixture. In this work, the suitability of pepsin (EC 3.4.23.1) to hydrolyse serum albumin in order to obtain bioactive peptides was assessed. Then, a suitable process to obtain best separation of bioactive peptides was evaluated, using polyethersulfone membranes at different pH values. Serum albumin was easily hydrolysed by pepsin, reaching a DH value of the 65.64 ± 1.57% of the maximum possible. A 23.25% of the identified peptides possessed high bioactivity scores (greater than 0.5), and one of them had reported bioactivity (LLL). Charge mechanisms always predominated over the sieve effect, and best transmission was accomplished at pH values close to the peptides isoelectric points. Basic and neutral peptides with the highest scores were always the most transmitted. Membrane material had greater influence than NMWCO in determining peptide transmission. In order to obtain purified fractions rich in peptides with high bioactivity scores from serum albumin, polyethersulfone membranes (applicable to industrial scale) of 5 kDa MWCO should be used at basic pH values after pepsin digestion.

Enhancement of glucose uptake in muscular cell by peptide fractions separated by electrodialysis with filtration membrane from salmon frame protein hydrolysate

Consumption of fish has been positively associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. In this study, the influence of pH on the separation of bioactive peptides with antidiabetic effects from Atlantic salmon frame protein hydrolysates by electrodialysis with filtration membranes (EDFM) was investigated. The results demonstrated that pH had no significant effect on final peptide concentration in either anionic (APC) or cationic peptide compartments (CPC) during EDFM but allowed the concentration of specific peptides that contained high concentrations of Glu, Ala, Lys, Arg and His residues. Moreover, the final feed compartment (FFC) and CPC after EDFM treatment at pH 6 were able to significantly enhance glucose uptake in L6 skeletal muscle cells grown in culture. The maximum enhancement of glucose uptake (40%) was demonstrated in cells treated with the FFC fraction at 1 ng/mL without insulin while a synergetic effect of FFC peptides at 1 ng/mL with insulin was observed (enhancement of glucose uptake by 31%).

Separation of Bioactive Peptides by Membrane Processes: Technologies and Devices

Although many patents reported bioactive peptides with numerous demonstrated bioactivities and potential applications, there exist some limitations to the production of large quantities to satisfy the growing market demands. Indeed, considering that most functional peptides are present in complex matrices containing a large number of hydrolyzed protein fractions, their separation and purification are required. Some advances have been made in the use of conventional pressure-driven processes for the continuous production and separation of peptides, however, most of these patented technologies are not scalable and demonstrate a low selectivity when separating similar sized biomolecules. To improve the separation efficiency, the use of an external electric field during pressure-driven filtration was proposed and patented. However, whatever the claims, the pressure gradient brings about the accumulation of peptides at the nearby membrane surface and affects the membrane transport selectivity. To overcome these drawbacks, a recent patent proposed the simultaneous fractionation of acidic and basic peptides, using a conventional electrodialysis cell, in which some ion exchange membranes are replaced by ultrafiltration ones. The perspectives in the field of peptide separation will be the development of new membrane materials and new equipments such as microfluidic devices to improve selectivity and yield of production.

Review: Production and functionality of active peptides from milk

In recent years, research on the production of active peptides obtained from milk and their potential functionality has grown, to a great extent. Bioactive peptides have been defined as specific protein fragments that have a positive impact on body functions or conditions, and they may ultimately have an influence on health. Individual proteins of casein or milk-derived products such as cheese and yogurt have been used as a protein source to study the isolation and activity of peptides with several applications. Currently, the milk whey waste obtained in the production of cheese also represents a protein source from which active peptides could be isolated with potential industrial applications. The active properties of milk peptides and the results found with regard to their physiological effects have led to the classification of peptides as belonging to the group of ingredients of protein nature, appropriate for use in functional foods or pharmaceutical formulations. In this study, the main peptides obtained from milk protein and the past research studies about its production and biological activities will be explained. Second, an analysis will be made on the methods to determinate the biological activities, the separation of bioactive peptides and its structure identification. All of these form the base required to obtain synthetic peptides. Finally, we explain the experimental animal and human trials done in the past years. Nevertheless, more research is required on the design and implementation of equipment for the industrial production and separation of peptides. In addition, different authors suggest that more emphasis should therefore be given to preclinical studies, proving that results are consistent and that effects are demonstrated repeatedly by several research human groups.

Separation of bioactive peptides by electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membrane

Separation of bioactive peptides by electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membrane

Repartition effect of aromatic polyaniline coatings on the separation of bioactive peptides in capillary electrophoresis.

The capillary walls of fused-silica capillary electrophoresis (CE) columns were modified with a thin film of polyaniline (PANI), providing open-tubular columns with a stable coating containing aromatic groups and amine functionalities. Fast and efficient separations were observed for small bioactive peptides under acidic conditions on PANI-coated columns. The mechanism of separation is based on hydrophobic interactions between the analytes and the polymeric matrix. Good reproducibility was observed from run-to-run. Due to the simple derivatization procedure, method flexibility, the uniformity of the coating and its stability, conjugated polymers could find practical application in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separations.

Studies on the analysis of environmental pollutants by micellar electrokinetic chromatography/Studies on improvement for analyses of some poisons in blood and urine, and estimation of bloodstain age/Development of novel group-specific adsorbents for high-performance affinity chromatography and their applications to a system for selective on-line enrichment and separation of bioactive peptides

Studies on the analysis of environmental pollutants by micellar electrokinetic chromatography/Studies on improvement for analyses of some poisons in blood and urine, and estimation of bloodstain age/Development of novel group-specific adsorbents for high-performance affinity chromatography and their applications to a system for selective on-line enrichment and separation of bioactive peptides