Separate Discourses Research Articles

Puritanism, Spiritual Kinship, and the Lord's Supper in Elizabethan and early Stuart England

AbstractThe rhetoric of spiritual kinship was a pungent part of a “discourse of separation” which materialized among the English puritans in post-Reformation England. Using print literature aimed at properly preparing the godly to come “worthily” to the Lord's Supper, most of which was penned by puritan divines, this article examines family language in use among the godly in the context of the communion meal in the Elizabethan and early Stuart national church. This rhetoric signaled a real identity – an identity tied intimately to the nexus of right doctrine and a certain type of English Protestant practice. The present essay traces out the theological framework that buttressed this identity and suggests the ways in which family language fostered both inclusive and exclusive responses among the godly as they sought to “rightly” celebrate the sacrament. It argues that the use of the language of spiritual kinship helped the godly come to terms with their uncomfortable position in a national church they considered insufficiently reformed, and with the difficulties that ensued from “holy” living, as naturally unholy beings, in a fallen world. This study contributes to our understanding of the informal mechanisms by which early modern English Protestants could navigate the choppy waters of social and religious life in Elizabethan and early Stuart England. More generally, this consideration of a distinctive puritan usage of familiar scriptural language to make sense of England's religious landscape in this period underscores the interpretive importance of remaining acutely aware of discursive context in early modern religious sources.

The Emerging Concept of the Human-Centered Organization: A Review and Synthesis of the Literature

Both practitioners and scholars are increasingly interested in the idea of the human-centered organization. This term first appeared in the late 1950s and has gained attention in the last ten years. Awareness of the need for human-centeredness grew during the COVID-19 pandemic, in which many organizational leaders were compelled to focus on employee health, safety, and well-being. In this paper, we review and synthesize the rather fragmented scholarly and practitioner literature on human-centered organization (HCO) to develop an integrated definition and framework. The 26 sources reviewed in depth indicate that the HCO construct is primarily utilized in two ways. First, human-centered design scholars and practitioners conceive of HCOs as employing human-centered design practices. The second discourse involves the humanistic management and culture literature, which conceives of HCOs as embodying humanistic values and cultures. After reviewing these separate discourses, we synthesize them in an integrated definition as well as framework of HCO. The framework starts from humanistic values such as dignity, well-being, and justice, which are pivotal in creating organizational practices characterized by a common good purpose, positive human experiences on the job, team structures to coordinate work, and participatory tools and approaches.

Discourse anaphoricity vs. perspective sensitivity in emoji semantics

This paper aims to provide a foundation for studying the interplay between emoji and linguistic (natural language) expressions; it does so by proposing a formal semantic classification of emoji- text combinations, focusing on two core sets of emoji: face emoji and activity emoji. Based on different data sources (introspective intuitions, naturalistic Twitter examples, and experimental evidence), we argue that activity emoji (case study I) are essentially event descriptions that serve as separate discourse units (similar to free adjuncts) and connect to the accompanying (linguistic) text by virtue of suitable discourse relations. By contrast, face emoji (case study II) are expressive elements that are anchored to an attitude holder and comment on a proposition provided by the accompanying text. We provide further evidence for the distinct behavior of face emoji and activity emoji by looking at their scopal behavior with respect to linguistically- expressed negation. In particular, we probe interactions of emoji and texts that contain clausal negation, and conclude that both face emoji and activity emoji generally do not scope under negation. However, the appearance of such a scope relation arises with activity emoji when the emoji are connected to the accompanying text by virtue of an Explanation discourse relation. With face emoji, scopal interactions seem to appear in cases where the default interpretation would result in a discourse contribution that is pragmatically infelicitous, and also in cases that involve a specialized emoji-repetition construction where a repeated alternation of face emoji with words assumes a scope-marking role.

PLURALITY OF HISTORIES: NATIONAL DISCURSIVE NARRATIVES ABOUT 1971 WAR

The research article is based on new historicist technique and presents a comparison of the ‘national narratives of Pakistan and Bangladesh’ about 1971 war embodying the theme of secession. Therefore, for current research work, the ‘literary and non-literary texts[1]’ of both Pakistani and Bangladeshi writers have been selected. These representative texts about the discourse of separation and liberation, and 1971 war present dissimilar and opposing ‘national narratives’ about the whole event and 1971 war. This contrastive comparative textual analysis has helped the researcher to note and record disparities that how issues are taken and interpreted, even manipulated, at different levels, within a single society or nation for upholding and protecting vested (personal) interests. Keywords: Plurality, history, national discursive narrative, 1971 war.

CONSTITUTIONAL POSTPONEMENT OF THE 2024 GENERAL ELECTION IN THE INDONESIAN STATE SYSTEM

The discourse on postponing the 2024 general elections has become a separate discourse in implementing democracy in the Indonesian constitutional system. This intersects between holding general elections as mandated by the provisions of the 1945 Constitution and Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning general elections held every 5 (five) years and affirming the limitation of executive and legislative powers for 5 (five) years based on The 1945 Constitution. This becomes the primary argument in reviewing the constitutionality of postponing the 2024 General Elections in the Indonesian State Administration System. Postponement of General Elections as regulated in Law no. 7/2017, which basically regulates the existence of a an advanced general election and a follow-up general election. The follow-up general election and the follow-up general election constitute a postponement of the general election in the stages of holding the general election so that the follow-up general election and the follow-up general election do not include a postponement of the general election outside the stages of holding the general election. Postponement of general elections outside the stages of holding general elections has no legal instruments. As for the realization of postponing the General Election, it can be done through the issuance of a Perppu or an Amendment to the 1945 Constitution. Suppose it refers to the issuance of a Perppu. In that case, it is necessary to emphasize matters of urgency that compel the postponement of the general election can be carried out. In addition, the realization of postponing general elections with a rational paradigm can be carried out through the Amendments to the 1945 Constitution

Escaping the Catastrophic Logic of Separation.

In the philosophical system of American Apartheid, "race" is a fact, racial hierarchy a key corollary, and "separation of races" in status, rights, and geography a logical inference. The concept of racial hierarchy proved useful in the early colonial period in Virginia and elsewhere, first begun in the 1600s to keep indentured servants and enslaved people from joining together and overthrowing the plantation oligarchy. The discourse of separation has continued to be a key tactic for gaining and maintaining power, with profound harmful consequences for the nation. This article will explore three themes that are important for these times: (1) the ongoing "redlining system" that continues to ensnare us in a geography of apartheid; (2) the paradox of apartheid that "separation" binds the parts more firmly together; and (3) the "new racism" that attacks progress with the use of such farfetched ideas as the "replacement theory." From these explorations, I propose ways in which TRUTH and RECONCILIATION can be mobilized to put us on a new path.

Интертекстуальность и трансформация архетипа как основа полисемии современной сказки-модификации

In the modern English-language literary space the genre of short prose, based on the plots of classical fairy tales and addressed primarily to an adult audience, is extremely popular. Over half a century already, this genre has emerged as a separate discourse (in this article, the authors call it a “Reimagined Fairy Tale,” considering the memory of the genre). Such modificated fairy tale is simultaniously the result of the postmodern world perception (intertextuality, playfulness, gamification, multilevel text, irony, etc.) and a critical thought (deconstruction, denial of logocentrism), and represents an extensive material for research both from the point of view of literary criticism and from interdisciplinary positions. Using the example of the modern literary tale by R. Shirman “Hunger,” which is based on the folk story about Hansel and Gretel, the authors attempt to trace how the multilevel coding of the text takes place using the transformation of Jungian archetypes and deconstruction of binary oppositions that underlie them on the one hand, and literary and religious reminiscences, and allusions on the other. The authors trace how the text passes into the category of open ones and allows the reader to choose himself which of the meanings of the tale is closer to him. According to the authors, this methodology is applicable to all texts of a given genre and can be productive as a way of reading, and also useful for clarifying the genre features of a modern fairy tale-modification.

THE ROLE OF A SLOGAN IN CREATING A CITY BRAND: LINGUO-CULTURAL ANALYSIS (based on the slogans of the German historical cities)

Statement of the problem. The main reflection of tourism lies in the understanding of the world, which is perceived not as a "traditional", but as a special imprint of the culture and history of civilizations in space and time. Such an understanding largely contributes to hybridization of new heterogeneous forms of representation, which confirms a certain syncretism and captures a separate discourse. The society itself, social system, economic structure and rituals in material culture, tourist destinations (in our case: a city) acquire their own architectonics and manifest that human-controlled spaces that serve to the purposes of their presentation and promotion as city's attractions. Results. Tourist discourse and its speech projection are accompanied in practice by myths; oral (tourist’s impressions, vacation stories, etc.) and written (guides, catalogs, commercials, souvenirs, forums, blogs, online diaries, etc.) texts are “mythified” in tourism industry as important communicative forms of the tourism space linked to location of the tourism topography. The analysis of the tourist discourse, based on the synthesis of factors and the concept of a tourist destination and advertising reveals the speech markers of the city, which can be considered as deep patterns of the slogan as a small text in the tourist culture. Conclusions. The textual and linguocultural description, as well as the study of the syntactic structures of the slogans exampled on German cities are presented in the paper as a result of the of a representative speech corpus interpretation.

Variation in the prosody of illocutionary adverbs

AbstractIllocutionary adverbs such asfrankly,honestly, andseriouslyhave been commonly analysed as interpersonal (non-truth-conditional) modifiers that are characterised by syntactic and prosodic detachment from the ‘host’ they are associated with. However, recent accounts (e.g.Keizer 2018a) have shown that the formal (syntactic and prosodic) properties of such adverbs do not necessarily follow directly from the semantic non-truth-conditionality towards the main proposition. With respect to the prosodic realisation, such interpersonal adverbs can either be integrated into the respective utterance or detached from it (i.e.form a separate Intonational Phrase [IP]). The prosodic realisation is determined by the specific discourse-pragmatic features of such interpersonal adverbs, namely whether they are intended as separate (Subsidiary) Discourse Acts or whether they are part of a single Discourse Act at the Interpersonal Level (Keizer 2018a, 2018b, 2019, 2020). The aim of this article is to investigate these predictions by looking into the prosodic features of illocutionary adverb on the one hand and their discourse-pragmatic features on the other. It will be argued, based on the prosodic analysis of a set of spoken corpus data, that (i) the formation of separate IP is indeed triggered by the formation of Subsidiary Discourse Act, (ii) the formal properties (position and intonational pattern) are determined by the specific rhetorical function assigned to the respective Discourse Act, and (iii) the prosodic integration correlates with the adverbs being integral part of a single Discourse Act at the Interpersonal Level.

Power as an enabling force: An integrative review

The power literature’s focus on criticizing power relations comes at the cost of deliberate attempts to improve organizational practices. How can critical performativity and other scholars address power as an enabling force, thereby also allowing for more engagement with practitioners? We integrate the literature on power in and around organizations with studies of organizational change and behavior. By focusing on enabling instead of restrictive power, we draw attention to the potentially pivotal role of key actors—managers, other practitioners, and scholars—in fostering empowerment and emancipation within organizations. Our review points at four social mechanisms that drive enabling power: formal authority, language-shaping-action, community formation, and the dynamics of safety and trust. Furthermore, we identify various types of actions that can trigger these mechanisms that, in turn, may give rise to outcomes such as empowerment and emancipation. The main contribution of this article involves an integrated framework of power as an enabling force. By synthesizing various separate discourses, this framework extends prior reviews focusing on power-over, resulting in a systemic understanding of enabling power and thereby creating novel avenues for research on power. The integrative framework also provides a foundation for an intervention-oriented body of knowledge on enabling power.

Research on Characteristics of Teachers’ Feedback Discourse in High-Quality English Classes in Junior High Schools: Evidence from Thirty-Two Teachers’ Classroom Observation

Feedback Discourse is teachers’ response to students’ learning performance, which plays an extremely important part in teachers’ discourse, especially in language teaching classes. Taking the teaching videos of thirty-two English teachers in middle school exemplary lessons competition as the subjects, this study is intended to explore the characteristics of feedback discourse of junior high school English teachers from the proportion of teachers’ feedback discourse, the types of teachers’ feedback discourse, as well as the discourse structure of teachers’ feedback discourse.The results are as follows: (1) Teachers of high-quality classes observed pay attention to the importance of classroom feedback, and the proportion of teachers’ feedback discourse in high-quality classes accounted for 21% teachers’ classroom discourse. What’s more, the proportion of teachers’ feedback discourse in different types of classes is relatively consistent. (2) As for the feedback discourse used by teachers in high-quality classes observed, the positive feedback discourse is more frequently used than the negative feedback discourse. The positive feedback most commonly used is “Request for Clarification” and the negative feedback is“Explicit Correction”. (3)The teachers in high-quality classes used more separate discourse structure than continuous discourse structure which is suggested to use more. It is hoped that this study could provide some reference for the future study on junior high school English teachers’ feedback discourse.

Co-rumination with parents and friends: Gender-specific links to adolescent internalizing symptoms

Co-rumination is a nuanced emotion socialization process that occurs with parents and friends during adolescence. Although co-ruminating builds closeness with others, it corresponds to increased internalizing symptoms, particularly for adolescent girls. The present study explored how specific features of co-rumination vary by relational context (parents, friends) and adolescent gender. These features were also examined in relation to adolescent internalizing symptoms, with adolescent gender as a potential moderator. Thirty adolescents (13–18 years old; 60% female, 40% male) participated in separate discourse tasks with their parent and their same-gender close friend. Co-rumination was observed during these conversations, and adolescents reported their internalizing symptoms. Features of co-rumination varied by relational context and adolescent gender, with unique links to adolescent internalizing symptoms. This study extends prior research by providing a fine-grained analysis of how co-rumination corresponds to internalizing symptoms across two relational contexts.

Two types of reflections about English as a medium of instruction

The worldwide introduction of English as a medium of instruction (EMI) programmes has stimulated numerous reflections within and outside academia. These reflections find their expression in both scholarly studies into EMI and public debates about its impact. In this article we argue that one can distinguish two types of reflections about EMI. The first type focuses on improving EMI. The second type focuses on the legitimation of EMI, that is whether EMI programmes are justified in view of their assumptions and consequences. We investigate the genesis and the differences between two separate discourses that express the different types of reflections. We unfold a history that shows that roughly three phases can be distinguished in the development of EMI: the incubation of EMI, its consolidation and its politicisation. We argue that the heuristic value of the two types of reflection is that they are conducive to comprehending this development of EMI and look at it with critical eyes. In addition, we suggest that politicised issues like the impact of Englishization on the cultural identity, language hierarchies, top-down implementations of language policies and the inequalities regarding the access to EMI programmes might be fruitfully addressed in terms of linguistic justice and democracy. By distinguishing two types of reflection, blind spots in EMI research can be revealed.

Discourse anaphoricity and first-person indexicality in emoji resolution

This paper proposes a formal semantic classification of emoji-text combinations, focusing on two core sets of emoji: face emoji and activity emoji. Based on different data sources (introspective intuitions, naturalistic Twitter examples, and experimental evidence), we argue that activity emoji (case study I) are essentially event descriptions that serve as separate discourse units (similar to free adjuncts) and connect to the accompanying text by virtue of suitable discourse relations. By contrast, face emoji (case study II) are expressive elements that are anchored to an attitude holder and comment on a proposition provided by the accompanying text. We conclude by revisiting emoji semantics from the perspective of formal gesture semantics: we probe interactions of emoji and texts that contain clausal negation, and conclude that emoji generally do not scope under negation; however, the appearance of such a scope relation arises when activity emoji are connected to the accompanying text by virtue of an Explanation discourse relation.

Discourses about EU Transport Decarbonisation: Towards a Paradigm Shift?

ABSTRACT The development and introduction of new technologies are central to achieving sustainable transitions. Policymakers are important in enabling a successful transition. However, discourses about EU transport decarbonisation reveal multiple policy approaches to technology innovation, both in terms of decarbonising the car and building new alternative fuels infrastructure for transport. A discursive institutionalist analysis of these two separate but interdependent communicative discourses on road transport decarbonisation shows the complexities of facilitating transformative change. This shift requires coordination at all levels involving different actors and sector coupling to successfully decarbonise road transport.

Legal Discourse: The Spirit of Democracy and Human Rights Post Simultaneous Regional Elections 2020 in the Covid-19 Pandemic Era

The implementation of these simultaneous regional elections is certainly a separate discourse that is interesting to be learned, especially concerning the enforcement of democracy and human rights. The main objectives of this research focus on the analysis related to the relationship between democracy and human rights, the fundamental dignity of democracy and human rights after the implementation of the regional leader’s elections in 2020, and also the government’s responsibility in case of an increase in cases of Covid-19 resulting from the implementation of simultaneous regional elections. In this research, the method used is normative juridical using statutory, conceptual, and historical approaches. The research results centered on a conception of democracy and human rights as a conception of humanity born from the history of human civilization. This conception of human rights and democracy in its development is significantly related to the conception of state law. Thus, the existence of Indonesia as a legal state places the law as a hierarchicalunity of the legal norms that culminate in the constitution, and the constitution has clearly and clearly stated in Article 28I paragraph (4) of the Constitution that: “The protection, promotion, enforcement, and fulfillment of human rights is the responsibility of the state, especially the government." Therefore, the state is responsible for ensuring the enforcement of the human rights of citizens, especially after the implementation of the 2020 regional leader elections (hereinafter as pilkada) amid the Covid-19 pandemic era.

Bordering politics of Latina/o/x mental health: discourse of family separation and intergenerational transmission of trauma

ABSTRACT Given the call to examine the U.S.-Mexico border as both discursive and material, I focus on the enactments of migrant-rights violations and immigration-related trauma creating mental health concerns for those experiencing it. Concerned with the complex, long-term effects of child separation and detention centers, I provide a historically and structurally grounded analysis of the psychological and emotionally systemic violence at the U.S.-Mexico border. I argue for how rhetorical border studies can address the transmission of intergenerational trauma, consequences of the forced parent-child separation, and possible critical interventions to this human rights issue, which are more important now than ever.

МЕЖДУ ИСКУССТВОМ И ВАНДАЛИЗМОМ: ДИСКУРСИВНАЯ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕННОСТЬ ГРАФФИТИ И СТРИТ-АРТА

Today we are witnessing significant cultural changes. The new model of culture can no longer be hierar-chical and base on binary structures. The tree model is changing to the rhizome model. Rizome offers a high level of freedom in making new connections that generate cultural reality. Big narrative as a norma-tive instance is being replaced by separate discourses that dictate norms only within themselves. In this article, we explore how the specificity of different discourses (legislative discourse, discourses of the art world and public opinion) affects the representation in them of such cultural phenomena as graffiti and street art works. From a legal point of view, graffiti and illegal street art are acts of vandalism and deserve punishment. The legislative branch operates in the field of two concepts — «permitted»/«prohibited». The semantic space of the legislative discourse has retained a binary structure and hierarchical organiza-tion. The discourse generated by the institutions of the art world is very mobile, the binary structure and hierarchical organization of its semantic space have disappeared. There obviously takes place the rhizome principle of organizing the normative space of the art world and the increasing role of the individual prin-ciple in the formation of a discursive statement. These features of the discourse created an opportunity for street artists to enter the world of art. The study of the discourse of public opinion was carried out through sociological research. Most young people not only distinguish graffiti from vandalism but are also ready to see it as a form of contemporary art. We explain the clear correlation in the responses of young people in different cities by a single media space. The results of the study confirm the disintegration of a single normative space and its replacement by local (specific) discourses.

Ambedkar, Lohia, and the Segregations of Caste and Gender: Envisioning a Global Agenda for Social Justice

Dalit women in India suffer multilayered form of marginalization. They are discriminated not only based on their gender, but also because of their caste identity. This impacts their literacy, life expectancy, among other human indicators. Despite the emphasis on the intersectionality between caste and gender by Dr. BR Ambedkar and later by other social reformers like Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia, the mainstream movements have failed to provide a separate discourse on safeguarding the rights of Dalit women. The question of caste-based discrimination has by and large focused on the identity of a Dalit, irrespective of the gender, and the injustices inflicted on the social group as a whole. The upper caste led feminist discourse has been equally ignorant of the multiple oppressions faced by Dalit women. This paper deals with the critique of the Dalit movement as well as the feminist movement, and attempts to envision a broader global social justice by reading the ideas of Ambedkar and Lohia together.

‘But I Know You, You Are Not God’: African Responses to European Colonialism in a Missionary Newspaper

This article analyses how African letter-writers in the missionary-edited Setswana newspaper Mahoko a Becwana (1883–96) sought to make sense of expanding European power during the ‘scramble for Africa’ and its accompanying social and political changes. The newspaper wrestled with readers’ opinions on a wide range of contentious topics, including ethnic identity, literacy, chieftaincy, colonial government, alcohol, adolescent initiation, marriage, religion and rational thought in general. The article questions the prevalent emphasis on European hegemony and highlights ways in which Africans managed to develop and maintain a separate discourse beyond European control or description as they critiqued and selectively adopted various elements of European culture. During the late 19th century, most Setswana-speaking people still regarded their populous chiefly capitals as the centres of society and relatively new European towns as peripheral, and they expected to maintain their autonomy while adapting to new circumstances. Those expectations would soon be severely challenged by rinderpest, war, industrialisation and the entrenchment of European power, but, building on their previous strategies, they initially pursued ways to accommodate European colonisation that preserved their existing communal strength.