Sensitivity Agreement Research Articles

Computational survey on the Pt-decorated ZnO nanosheet as a chemical sensor for chlorobenzene: Explaining the experimental observations

Following an experimental work, we investigated the sensing performance of a zinc oxide nanosheet (ZnON) in detection of the toxic chlorobenzene (CB) gas using dispersion-corrected TPSS, M06-2X, ωB97X-D, PBE, and B3LYP density functionals. We showed that the pristine ZnON cannot sense the CB gas, but the Pt atom decoration on the ZnON surface significantly increases the ZnON sensitivity in agreement with the experimental results. The calculated Pt@ZnON sensing response is in the range of 36–52 which is in good agreement with the experimental value of 30. Also, we investigated the selectivity, recovery time, and solvent effects. We introduced a theoretical methodology which can interpret the experimental observations at the molecular level. Based on our calculations, the Pt@ZnON paves the way for CB sensor development.

Microstructural effects on strain rate and dwell sensitivity in dual-phase titanium alloys

In this study, stress relaxation tests are performed to determine and compare the strain rate sensitivity of different α−β titanium alloy microstructures using discrete dislocation plasticity (DDP) and crystal plasticity finite element (CPFE) simulations. The anisotropic α and β phase properties of alloy Ti-6242 are explicitly included in both the thermally-activated DDP and CPFE models together with direct dislocation penetration across material-interfaces in the DDP model. Equiaxed pure α, colony, Widmanstatten and basketweave microstructures are simulated together with an analysis of the effect of α grain size and dislocation penetration on rate sensitivity. It is demonstrated that alloy morphology and texture significantly influence microstructural material rate sensitivity in agreement with experimental evidence in the literature, whereas dislocation penetration is found not to be as significant as previously considered for small deformations. The mechanistic cause of these effects is argued to be changes in dislocation mean free path and the total propensity for plastic slip in the specimen. Comparing DDP results with corresponding CPFE simulations, it is shown that discrete aspects of slip and hardening mechanisms have to be accounted for to capture experimentally observed rate sensitivity. Finally, the dwell sensitivity in a polycrystalline dual-phase titanium alloy specimen is shown to be strongly dependent on its microstructure.

Extension of a Modular Particle-Continuum Method to Vibrationally Excited, Hypersonic Flows

A modular particle-continuum method is extended to include vibrationally excited energy modes to simulate hypersonic steady-state flows that exhibit small regions of translational nonequilibrium in a mainly continuum flowfield. This method loosely couples an existing direct simulation Monte Carlo code to a Navier–Stokes solver (computational fluid dynamics) while allowing both time step and cell size to be completely decoupled between each method. A new information-transfer scheme that controls the inherently large statistical scatter of vibrational energies in low-temperature regions is described and tested. Two vibrational-relaxation models are implemented to test the sensitivity in agreement between direct simulation Monte Carlo and the modular particle-continuum method.By limiting the size of the direct simulationMonteCarlo region to only areas in translational nonequilibrium andmaintaining consistent physicalmodels in both computationalfluid dynamics anddirect simulationMonteCarlo modules, the modular particle-continuummethod is able to reproduce full direct simulationMonte Carlo results for flowwith globalKnudsen number of 0.01while decreasing the computational time required by a factor of about four.

Abstract 685: PARP inhibitor MK-4827 is synthetic lethal for tumors with homologous recombination defects associated with ATM-deficiency, PTEN-deletion and microsatellite instability (MSI)

Abstract Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) −1 and −2 enzymes play a critical role in the base excision DNA repair (BER) pathway. PARP inhibition in oncology has the potential to target pre-defined sub-populations with higher sensitivity and to widen the therapeutic index of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Pre-clinical and clinical evidence demonstrated that PARP inhibitors are synthetic lethal for tumors with defects in the homologous recombination (HR) pathway, such as tumors with mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. MK-4827 is a potent and selective orally available PARP-1/2 inhibitor currently in Phase 1 development. In pre-clinical models, MK-4827 displays excellent monotherapy activity in a large panel of BRCA mutant cell lines (10 nM ≤ CC50 ≤ 90nM) with at least 10-fold selectivity over BRCA wild-type celllines (CC50 ≥ 1.5 uM). We have explored the potential of MK-4827 for the therapy of tumors with defects in the HR pathway in addition to mutation in the BRCA genes. In this study we have evaluated the activity of MK-4827 on tumor cell lines with defects in the homologous recombination pathway as a consequence of 1) inactivation of ATM gene in melanoma and mantle cell lymphoma cell lines; 2) PTEN gene deletion in prostate cancer cells; 3) MRE11 expression level defects associated with the Microsatellite Instability (MSI) phenotype in colorectal cancer cells (CRCs). We demonstrated that cancer cells with an inactive ATM pathway as a consequence of homozygous ATM gene inactivation are very sensitive to MK-4827 inhibition (CC50 ≤ 50nM). MK-4827 also displays strong activity in ATM-deficient xenograft models. Heterozygous ATM inactivation is not sufficient to confer sensitivity to MK-4827. Our studies also showed that prostate cancer cells with homozygous-deletion of PTEN gene are sensitive to MK-4827 inhibition (100nM ≤ CC50 ≤ 600nM) as measured by long-term cell growth and proliferation assays. Homozygous, but not heterozygous, PTEN-deletion is required for MK-4827 sensitivity in agreement with data available for sensitivity of BRCA- and ATM-deficient cells to MK-4827. Finally, we have screened a panel of CRC cells with known Microsatellite Instability and have observed that MSI+ cells are sensitive to MK-4827 in long term proliferation assays, in contrast to Microsatellite stable (MSS) CRC cells which are resistant. In agreement with previous reports, we observed that MSI+ CRC cells show low expression levels of MRE11, a key protein for homologous recombination. Conclusion: Our pre-clinical data demonstrate that MK-4827 is synthetic lethal for tumors with ATM-deficiency, PTEN-deletion or MSI+ instability and suggest that patients with tumors carrying these genetic defects might benefit from treatment with PARP inhibitors Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 685.

Radiation inactivation analysis of the human erythrocyte system-L, amino acid transporter

Conference Article| February 01 1985 Radiation inactivation analysis of the human erythrocyte system-L, amino acid transporter DARON A. FINCHAM; DARON A. FINCHAM *Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JAMES D. YOUNG; JAMES D. YOUNG *Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. CLIVE ELLORY J. CLIVE ELLORY †The Physiological Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge CB2 3EG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1985) 13 (1): 229. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0130229 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation DARON A. FINCHAM, JAMES D. YOUNG, J. CLIVE ELLORY; Radiation inactivation analysis of the human erythrocyte system-L, amino acid transporter. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1985; 13 (1): 229. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0130229 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: G6PDH, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase This content is only available as a PDF. © 1985 Biochemical Society1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Electrical responses of the light-adapted eye.

Recordings of the human electroretinogram (an electrical response to light originating in the retina) are made while the eye is maintained at any one of three different levels of light adaptation. Conventional recording techniques and procedures are used. A single wave form displaying relative spectral sensitivity in agreement with the ICI photopic luminosity function is found throughout the middle and long wavelength portions of the spectrum, but short wavelengths are more effective in arousing electrical responses than would be predicted by the ICI curve. Although there is a considerable effect upon the magnitude of the electrical response, relative spectral sensitivity is not greatly affected by changes in degree of light adaptation. Two night-blind observers, however, were found to give a diminished response to blue stimulation.