Lack Of Sense Research Articles

영유아 학부모 “교육열” 형성에 대한 질적 사례연구: “인스타그램” 중심 “책육아” 현상에 대한 행위자-네트워크 분석

This study is a qualitative case study to understand how the “education fever” of parents of infants and toddlers is formed, focusing on the actor-network of the “parenting through books” phenomenon centered on “Instagram.” First, this study presents the meaning of “parenting through books” commonly used among parents, and then, outlines the actor-network of “parenting through books” centered on “Instagram” by dividing it into two series according to the movement of objects, including “books (or images of books),” which are “immutable mobiles.” Next, this study describes the actions of three key actors: parents of infants and toddlers, a parenting influencer called “OO’s Mom raising her children through books”, and the ‘technology’ called “Instagram.” Finally, this study argues that as a result of the actor-network of “parenting through books” centered on “Instagram”, parents of infants and toddlers are engulfed in “education fever as a sense of lack and a pursuit of desire related to their children’s education” and “education fever as a will to own and place objects necessary for educating children.” This study presents “parenting through books” centered on “Instagram” as one of the new social and cultural phenomena that reveal the formation of “education fever” among parents in Korean society. In addition, this study questions the ‘extra-educational’ aspects and the appropriation of professionalism that are implicitly assumed in the practice and orientation of parents’ “education fever.” It also raises questions about what new ‘translations’ will be possible and what new actors’ intervention will be needed to create a better educational culture in Korean society.

Amikor (látszólag) semmi sem történik – A fontolgatás mint a változás feltétele

"When (Seemingly) Nothing Happens – Reflection as a Precondition for Change. This is the first of an eight-part series of essays primarily for young adults and those helping them to grow up (parents, teachers, mentors). The entire series deals with the “heroic journey” of growing up, following the monomyth transformation scenario described by Joseph Campbell. This archetypal journey begins with the prelude to change, with the discovery of worlds outside “my world”. Contemplation is part of all our lives, even if we do not foster it so consciously. Whether it takes the form of talking to others, an inner monologue, or a prayer to God, contemplation is important because together with pondering it can be a precursor to life-changing events. Change begins with a sense of lack, of being unsettled, but losing focus is part of the search for a way out. It is usually not easy to remain in a state of cluelessness, of being at a loss, but being out of focus is a chance to deepen our connection to ourselves and to move inner energies that can intuitively help us to find the solution to our questions of life. Keywords: contemplation, change, transformation, reflection, unlearning "

Needs Analysis of Chilean Students of Dentistry for Dental English Course Development

The purpose of the study is to determine the necessity for a Dental English course in the dentistry degree program at the Universidad Autónoma de Chile. To achieve this objective, the target needs analysis instrument developed by Hutchinson and Water (1987) was adapted and distributed to 91 dentistry students and 35 of their teachers in order to determine the students' necessities, lacks, wants, expectations, preferred style of learning and teaching, and interest in the English for Dentistry course. For the quantitative data analysis, descriptive statistics were utilized, while thematic analysis was adopted for the qualitative data analysis. The results indicated the perceived importance of English is related to studying dentistry in their program and practicing dentistry in their future careers as dentists, the sense of lack is demonstrated in the inadequacy of English learning courses in their program curriculum as well as their current low level of English proficiency, and the need to focus on reading, writing, and vocabulary skills in order to write and read research articles in English. The study recommends implementation of a comprehensive branch of English language instruction that include English for General Purposes and English for Specific Purposes, such as English for Dentistry, English for Dental Consultation, and English for Writing Research Articles.

Az önreflexió megváltozott tartalma online oktatás idején a vallástanárok nézőpontjából

"The Changed Content of Self-Reflection during Online Teaching – The Perspective of Religion Teachers. The spread of the coronavirus pandemic took its toll on all areas of life, and we can safely say that it has fundamentally altered education, too, throughout the globe. Teachers around the world exhibited a wide array of responses to the changed situation, some of them having no real problem with the transition to online teaching, while the majority of them having suffered a considerable loss of faith concerning their effectiveness as teachers when coming up against the changed environment and the new challenges. Most teachers of religion were experiencing a sense of lack due to the enforced suspension of the day-to-day interpersonal relationships, considering that personal encounters have a particular relevance to religion as a subject on account of its pastoral care and spiritual aspects. Teachers did not only have to struggle with the new challenges emerging in their working environment, with problems around ensuring an appropriate technological background, or with the transformation of the existent teaching material for online use, but the adoption of a successful coping in a situation never dealt with before could be affected by certain (psychological) factors running much deeper such as their faith/beliefs, while the reasons for coming to a deadlock can often be traced back to the issues of professional identity, (sense of) mission, or religious spirituality. The present study points out that (self-)reflection increases teachers’ efficiency and productiveness, and it is the author’s belief that conscious reflection can seriously add to teachers’ professional fulfilment during the crisis situation created by the virus, when online teaching methods have to be adopted, since reflection can put intrinsic motivation to work, as a result of which teachers can set a course to their own development. Further, we will present a reflection model that provides a content framework for reflection and wherein there is a possibility for a deeper-level reflection as well, thus going beyond the aspects of environment, behaviour, and views and reaching the levels of professional identity, mission, and religious spirituality. Keywords: online teaching, teacher effectiveness, reflection, onion model "

Characteristics of alcohol recovery narratives: Systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Narratives of recovery from alcohol misuse have been analysed in a range of research studies. This paper aims to produce a conceptual framework describing the characteristics of alcohol misuse recovery narratives that are in the research literature, to inform the development of research, policy, and practice. Systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Electronic searches of databases (Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINHAL, PsychInfo, AMED and SCOPUS), grey literature, and citation searches for included studies were conducted. Alcohol recovery narratives were defined as "first-person lived experience accounts, which includes elements of adversity, struggle, strength, success, and survival related to alcohol misuse, and refer to events or actions over a period of time". Frameworks were synthesised using a three-stage process. Sub-group analyses were conducted on studies presenting analyses of narratives with specific genders, ages, sexualities, ethnicities, and dual diagnosis. The review was prospectively registered (PROSPERO CRD42021235176). 32 studies were included (29 qualitative, 3 mixed-methods, 1055 participants, age range 17-82years, 52.6% male, 46.4% female). Most were conducted in the United States (n = 15) and Europe (n = 11). No included studies analysed recovery narratives from lower income countries. Treatment settings included Alcoholic Anonymous (n = 12 studies), other formal treatment, and 'natural recovery'. Eight principle narrative dimensions were identified (genre, identity, recovery setting, drinking trajectory, drinking behaviours, stages, spirituality and religion, and recovery experience) each with types and subtypes. All dimensions were present in most subgroups. Shame was a prominent theme for female narrators, lack of sense of belonging and spirituality were prominent for LGBTQ+ narrators, and alienation and inequality were prominent for indigenous narrators. Review provides characteristics of alcohol recovery narratives, with implications for both research and healthcare practice. It demonstrated knowledge gaps in relation to alcohol recovery narratives of people living in lower income countries, or those who recovered outside of mainstream services. Prospero registration number: CRD42020164185.

Living with Parkinson’s disease

I am 40 years old and I am writing on the 4th anniversary of being diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease (PD). As a consultant geriatrician, I thought that PD was a disease of older adults, so the shock of being diagnosed with Young Onset Parkinson’s Disease (YOPD) should not be underestimated. The reader may be surprised that I did not realise I had PD given my occupation and symptoms that I will describe in this brief article. My story will be illustrative of the kind of challenges that people with YOPD live through. I hope that the reader will come away with a greater understanding of what it is like living with PD. Good health is often assumed to be the normal experience of young people and I fell for this delusion. I ran the London Marathon in 2004 and have enjoyed running since then. My early symptoms were, therefore, put down to running injuries. My stiff hip and ankle were put down to back problems. My lack of sense of smell was put down to allergic rhinitis. Looking back, I had signs and symptoms of PD for many years prior to my diagnosis in November 2017. This is a common experience of people diagnosed with YOPD. Most people have to wait many years before they are diagnosed and start receiving effective treatments. I was fortunate that my GP referred me to the neurologist straight away and my diagnosis was made promptly – within 5 months. Being informed I had PD was a shock, even though my symptoms were there for all to see.

Public perception of the accounting professional through the movie “The Accountant”

With the goal of understanding how the image of accountants is portrayed by the media, we analyzed elements of legitimacy proposed by Suchman (1995) and stereotypes linked to the image of the accountant found in the movie “The Accountant” (2016). The research is documentary, descriptive and qualitative. To analyze and interpret data, we used the Categorical Content Analysis proposed by Bardin (2010), and the categories were determined beforehand. It was found that the elements of legitimacy were present regarding pragmatic legitimacy in the way the accountant dresses, his involvement in criminal activities, the demonstrating of his technical capacity. Regarding moral legitimacy, there are conflicting ethical dilemmas in the actions of the accountant, a specialist in dirty money. Regarding cognitive legitimacy, he is seen as someone who pleases his clients and does not always choose the profession by affinity. Regarding stereotypes, there was a discrepancy between genders, relationship difficulty, lack of sense of humor and that the accounting professional presents accurate logical and mathematical reasoning and competence in their functions. As research contributions, therefore, we can highlight the elucidation of distortions found involving the image of accountants in empirical studies, in relation to what is portrayed by the media, by the movie under analysis, seeking to combat negative images of the profession by identifying how they arise. The accounting field benefits from this with a possible shift in the popular perception of the importance of accountants for companies, by understanding that the criminal professional, exposed in the current media, are different from the professional required by the job market.

Is work-family conflict a pathway between job strain components and binge eating? A cross-sectional analysis from the ELSA-Brasil study

BackgroundJob strain has been reported as a trigger for binge eating, yet the underlying mechanisms have been unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether work-family conflict is a pathway in the association between job strain and binge eating, considering the possible effect-modifying influence of body mass index (BMI).MethodsThis cross-sectional analysis included 12,084 active civil servants from the multicenter Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Job strain was assessed using the Demand-Control-Support Questionnaire. Work-family conflict was considered as a latent variable comprising three items. Binge eating was defined as eating a large amount of food in less than 2 h at least twice a week in the last six months with a sense of lack of control over what and how much was eaten. Structural equation modelling was used to test the role of work-family conflict in the association between job strain and binge eating, stratifying for BMI.ResultsFor individuals of normal weight, positive associations were found between skill discretion and binge eating (standardized coefficient [SC] = 0.209, 95%CI = 0.022–0.396), and between psychological job demands and work-family conflict (SC = 0.571, 95%CI = 0.520–0.622), but no statistically significant indirect effect was found. In overweight individuals, psychological job demands, skill discretion, and work-family conflict were positively associated with binge eating (SC = 0.099, 95%CI = 0.005–0.193; SC = 0.175, 95%CI = 0.062–0.288; and SC = 0.141, 95%CI = 0.077–0.206, respectively). Also, work-family conflict was observed to be a pathway on the associations of psychological job demands and decision authority with binge eating (SC = 0.084, 95%CI = 0.045–0.122; and SC = − 0.008, 95%CI = − 0.015– − 0.001, respectively).ConclusionsWork-family conflict partly explains effects of high levels of psychological job demands and low levels of decision authority on binge eating among overweight individuals. Moreover, skill discretion is positively associated with binge eating, regardless of BMI category.

Messiness in photography, war and transitions to peace: Revisiting Bosnia: Uncertain Paths to Peace

During and after the wars in ex-Yugoslavia, Bosnia was a laboratory for new photographic approaches to war, violence and civilian suffering. Among these approaches, Fred Ritchin and Gilles Peress’s online photo essay, Bosnia: Uncertain Paths to Peace (1996), emphasized interpretive openness, plurality of meaning, narrative non-linearity and audience interaction, thus redefining as merits what photojournalism had formerly regarded as liabilities. The project convincingly represented the ongoing conflict’s multilayeredness and the vicissitudes of the transition to peace: on a day-to-day level, ambivalence ruled and alliances shifted; chaos, confusion and unpredictability prevailed. The project’s users experience the conflict’s messiness through the website’s overall organization which inhibits easy orientation, thus reproducing the conflict’s disorder. In the grids, in particular, non-sequitur panel-to-panel transitions illustrate the conflict’s lack of sense as it is traditionally understood. The project is an important precursor to current war photography, aiming to acknowledge the messiness of violent conflict rather than reducing it to simple but misleading narratives.

Models of alienation in education: selected views and educational recommendations

The problem of alienation in education is an issue that has been rarely analysed in Poland so far. However, experiencing alienation is related not only to poor indicators of functioning as a pupil/student (i.e., poor school achievements, lack of sense of learning, disengagement in the implementation of the curriculum or educational burnout), but also to a high risk of development disorders, marginalization, and disconnection from the community in the individual's adult life. The aim of the article is to characterize selected theoretical models of alienation in education, which present this phenomenon from various perspectives, including alienation as a specific state of an individual (model by Bradford Barnhardt and Paul Ginns), alienation as an attitude towards school (model by Ella R. Kahu), alienation as a process of losing involvement in educational activities (model by Stephen J. Fyson), alienation in the social and ecological (systemic) approach, which indicates multidimensional and multilevel nature of this phenomenon (Jennifer M. Case and Juanita Bezuidenhout et al.) and in the holistic approach (SAL model by Tina Hascher and Andreas Hadjar). The theoretical analyses carried out in the article are based on a review of Polish and foreign literature. The characterized perspectives of alienation in education allow for a precise determination of activities aimed at minimizing this phenomenon in the school and academic environment.

Family background and classroom belonging among adolescent students in Finland

We study whether a family’s economic situation and parental educational level are associated with classroom belonging among students in comprehensive secondary, upper secondary general and upper secondary vocational education in Finland. We also study whether there are educational-level differences in this possible association. We use survey data from the Finnish School Health Promotion study from 2017 (N = 114,528). We conduct random effect linear probability models with schools as the second-level grouping variable. The results show that family’s low economic situation predicts a higher probability of lack of sense of classroom belonging in Finland, despite the country having one of the world’s most equal educational systems and comparably low economic inequality. Neither mother’s nor father’s educational level has any association. A family’s low economic situation seems to predict the lack of a sense of belonging most strongly in comprehensive secondary education and most weakly in upper secondary vocational education. Our results slightly support the proposed significance of context-specific hierarchies in determining the association between economic resources and sense of belonging. A family having a poor economic situation is not reflected in the sense of classroom belonging as strongly in schools where students have a low average economic situation compared to those where students have a high average economic situation. We suggest measures, in addition to alleviating economic inequalities, to support the sense of school belonging, especially for low-income students.

Forests of the mind: spectres of deforestation in contemporary English aesthetics

This article explores some of the ways in which the natural environment – its management and exploitation – has informed artistic imagination and production in England in recent years. Laura Ouillon outlines of the state of English woodlands today, incorporating the research of art historians and cultural geographers to demonstrate that trees in England have become scarcer and scarcer. As a result, Ouillon reflects, the English relationship to forests is marked by a sense of lack and loss. This informs her analysis of a number of contemporary works of art and the peculiar form of environmental melancholia that imbues them. In particular, Ouillon examines the notion of ‘tree portraits’, in reference to the work Tacita Dean, Mat Collishaw, Lucian Freud and Alex Egan.

Forests of the mind: spectres of deforestation in contemporary English aesthetics

This article explores some of the ways in which the natural environment – its management and exploitation – has informed artistic imagination and production in England in recent years. Laura Ouillon outlines of the state of English woodlands today, incorporating the research of art historians and cultural geographers to demonstrate that trees in England have become scarcer and scarcer. As a result, Ouillon reflects, the English relationship to forests is marked by a sense of lack and loss. This informs her analysis of a number of contemporary works of art and the peculiar form of environmental melancholia that imbues them. In particular, Ouillon examines the notion of ‘tree portraits’, in reference to the work Tacita Dean, Mat Collishaw, Lucian Freud and Alex Egan.

The Effect of Tax Aggressiveness, Firm Size, and Profitability on Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure in Mining Companies

In mining companies, exploitative behavior and a lack of sense of responsibility towards the environment will threaten the sustainability of the availability of natural resources, and cause disharmony in relations with the community around the company. So it is important for mining companies to carry out social responsibility towards the environment and the community around the company so that the natural resources needed are still available. This study was conducted to determine the effect of tax aggressiveness, firm size, and profitability on corporate social responsibility disclosure in mining companies listed on the IDX. In this study CSR Disclosure is measured by disclosure criteria based on GRI indicators, tax aggressiveness is measured by income tax expense and profit before tax, Firm Size is measured using total sales, profitability is measured by the ROA (Return On Asset) indicator. This study uses quantitative methods. The population selected was 44 companies, for 2 years in 2018-2019 using the purposive sampling method, in order to obtain a sample of 15 companies that met the criteria. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that tax aggressiveness has a effect on CSR Disclosure, while firm size and profitability have a negative effect on CSR Disclosure.

The Influence of Positive Affect on Mental Health of Undergraduates from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in the Context of Smoke-free Campus in Chinese Mainland

In recent years, more and more young people from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan have come to universities in Chinese Mainland for higher education. However, due to the differences in political, economic and cultural environment between Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions and Chinese Mainland, these young people have encountered psychological problems such as examination anxiety, interpersonal loneliness and lack of sense of meaning in life due to the related learning and life difficulties in Chinese mainland universities, which affect their growth and success. Many of the students originally thought that smoking was used in a more secluded environment to relieve stress, psychological counseling and energy recovery, but in fact smoking brings more harm. In the creation of a smoke-free campus, a variety of measures are adopted to give full play to the positive emotions of students to promote their mental health, which will help to achieve the creation of a smoke-free campus and share a healthy life on the campus. Based on the survey of a total of 658 undergraduates from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in H University on their positive affect and mental health, the following conclusions are drawn through data analysis: undergraduates from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in Chinese Mainland have positive affect at the upper-middle level, negative affect and overall affect at the lower-middle level; some undergraduates from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in Chinese mainland universities have middle-level mental health status and significant differences in grade and family relationship satisfaction; family relationship satisfaction has an important impact on students' emotional and mental health; the negative emotional performance and mental health of senior students, science students and students with low family relationship satisfaction need more attention from educators. Correlation analysis shows that positive affect is positively correlated with health concerns, energy status, satisfaction and interest in life, mood status, control of emotions and behaviors, relaxation and tension, and total score of mental health (P < 0.01). Regression analysis shows that positive affect has significant positive predictive effects on six factors in mental health, such as "health concerns", "satisfaction and interest in life", "energy", "mental state", "control of emotions and behaviors", "relaxation and tension" and mental health. The enlightenment of this study lies in the suggestions that actions should be taken from the two levels of school education and home-school combination to strengthen the cultivation of positive affect of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan undergraduates in Chinese mainland universities, so as to improve their mental health level.

Mental health, integration, and voting in municipal elections among foreign-born population

Abstract Background Social inclusion measures are essentially related with health among foreign-born population (FBP). Municipal elections provide a way to participate in societal decision making even for those without Finnish citizenship. However, the voter turnout in municipal elections among FBP has remained low. The aim of this study is to explore mental health, migration and integration related factors' associations with voting in municipal elections among FBP. Methods Associations between self-reported municipal voter turnout and language skills, main reason for migration, psychological strain and sense of belonging (SB) to locals, country of origin and other groups were studied by using nationally representative data from the cross-sectional Survey on Well-Being among Foreign-Born Population (FinMonik, n = 6836). Weights were used to correct the sample. Age and sex were used as control variables. Results Voter turnout was higher among those with: at least intermediate local language skills (39% vs. 25%, p < 0.001); those who moved because of family (42%), studies (39%) or refugee status (39%) versus those who moved because of work (23%, p < 0.001); no psychological strain (38% vs. 27%, p < 0.001); SB to locals and country of origin (45%) and SB to locals but no country of origin (43%) versus those with SB to country of origin but no SB to locals, or those with no SB to any of the groups presented (both 25% p < 0.001). Conclusions Lack of language skills can be a barrier to participate in municipal elections. Migrating for family reasons might reflect commitment to stay in current country and therefore increase motivation to influence by voting. Moreover, lack of sense of belonging to locals and psychological strain might demotivate participation. Key messages Factors hindering political participation can be manifold and need more studies to enhance participation across all groups. Attention should be paid to provide clear and sufficient information regarding municipal elections and candidates in several languages.

The Significance of ‘the Person’ in Addiction

Van Gordon et al. outline the classification of their Ontological Addiction Theory (OAT), including its aetiology and treatment. In this review article I will from an appreciative perspective question some of its fundamental assumptions by presenting an alternative view on the ontology of ‘the person’, as distinct from its presently assumed conventional conflation with a contracted separate egoic self. I will propose this view as structurally and ethically significant for the ‘embodied’ experience of a reconstructed “dynamic and non-dual self”, as cultivated in their treatment. Rather than this reconstructed self simply being socially desirable for functional purposes, I will underscore the meaning-generative case for ontological status, in the absence of which, a pervasive ‘sense of lack’ is evident, with all attendant individual, psychological, social, ecological and ethical implications. This article brings a developmental psychology perspective to bear in appreciating ‘personhood’ as an emergent, progressively realised and is thus similarly aligned with the intent of OAT in overcoming egoic addictive suffering. This mapping of the territory however populates a blind spot in OAT’s diagnosis by affirming unique personhood, a quality of ‘integrative presence’, meaningfully understood as a psycho-spiritual ontological reality. It offers, as with OAT’s stated intent, the merit of avoiding attendant mental health and developmental pitfalls, which can beset what we may discern as an implicit transcendental reductionist assumption operative in OAT, where ‘the many’ are reduced to ‘the One’ and there are, it is assumed, no real many. This framing is resonant with the lived experience of healthy ‘individuation’, a process distinct from the problematic phenomenon of ‘individualism’, evidenced by the empirical data on post-conventional human development, which potentially provides diagnostic markers for any optimal treatment discernment. It is also attuned to what many recognise as a contemporary Fourth Turning in Buddhism, in its conscious evolutionary recognition of the emergence in non-dual states of a ‘unique personal perspective’, and/or a relative individuation within the whole. This differentiation has formerly been interpreted through an ‘impersonal’ lens as an egoic holdover, and potentially inhibits ethical action in the world, as distinct from the ethical import and potential fruits stemming from the ontological affirmation of the person.

A century, a decade and a year of Carlo Michelstaedter.

Carlo Michelstaedter (Gorizia, 1887-1910) left a singular trail in the Italian philosophy of the early 20th century. Almost one hundred and eleven years after his demise, his suicide, one can still discuss the influence of the Italian thinker, the vitality of their topics and the depth of their thinking. Our purpose is to know the figure that subsists behind the thinker of Persuasion and Rhetoric. In accordance with this objective, we will make a tour of his philosophical, epistolary and poetic work, which is certainly not enough. However, it will help us to shed light on the fas-cinating creation of the last doctor of nihilism, the last great diagnosis of the profound lack of sense that carried the second part of the S. XIX and inaugurated the first decade of the S. XX. In the form of an elegy, perhaps even an ode, we will remember the Italian philosopher in these times, for he remains a fruitful, unfinished and extremely mysterious undertaking. In conclusion, we will try to defend Michelstaedter from merely suicidal readings and approach a four-time interpretation of the Italian philosopher.

Fragments, Immersivity, and Reception: Punchdrunk on Aeschylus\u2019 Kabeiroi

A preoccupation with fragmentation has defined many recent responses to antiquity. Within scholarship this focus takes the form of poststructuralist-informed readings, which highlight how any text can be perceived as fragmentary due to the epistemologies that we use to frame our readings. Within artistic practice there is a corresponding privileging of fragmentation through the dismembering of text. Yet one does not need to deconstruct a text, or to point to the gaps in meaning that persist in any textual encounter, to think through fragmentation.In this essay, I propose that utilising actual fragments within contemporary theatre is not simply an extension in scale of wider practice but represents a qualitatively different endeavour which holds unique benefits. I suggest that fragmentary texts represent fertile material for contemporary immersive performance, as the sense of lack contained within their form provides a productive impetus for an audience's creation of the unified imaginary world necessary for a ‘deep' form of immersion. Fragments and immersive theatre make for a unique partnership as the fragmentary source text holds synergy with the form of immersive performance, where a complete or ideal experience remains an ever-elusive ambition. I make my argument through an analysis of Punchdrunk's 2017 Kabeiroi, which turned the surviving fragments of Aeschylus' Kabeiroi into a four-to-six-hour immersive experience. I argue that a sense of yearning and incompletion is inevitable in the reception of ancient fragments, but that within immersive experiences this becomes a genuinely productive force. Punchdrunk's approach, I conclude, should be considered a useful method for other artists and represents a new possible direction for classical performance reception.

Photography as a Reflection of the Photographer’s Pain in Time Stands Still

The paper at hand attempts to interpret a female war journalist’s, the protagonist’s, Sarah Goodwin’s, decision to return to war zones after surviving a near-death experience in Time Stands Still, by Donald Margulies, (2010). The play starts with the protagonist’s strong assertion that she is endangering her life working in different war zones just to help the victims of wars by showing the world pictures of their suffering. After surviving a deadly road-bomb accident, Sarah Goodwin decided to settle down at home and never return to dangerous zones. However, after six months of recovery, this female war journalist decided to return to war zones. The present study finds it intriguing to speculate on Sarah Goodwin’s determination to return to such zones at such a time of her life. Through consulting some aspects of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and different aspects of Jacques Lacan’s words on photography, lack, and absence, the present study concludes that the protagonist’s desire to go back to war zones does not just help show the world pictures of wars victims’ suffering, but it helps the protagonist construct her own identity. Photography/war journalism becomes a medium through which Sarah Goodwin asserts her identity as a human being as she cannot fulfill her feminine role as a nurturer in a patriarchal society. The audience realizes that through photography, the protagonist projects her sense of lack and pain and attempts to attain some sense of wholeness.