Elderly Research Articles

Evolution of liver transplantation in the metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease era: Tracking impact through time

Liver transplantation (LT) for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasing globally due to rising rates of obesity and metabolic syndrome, posing significant challenges. MASLD patients typically present with advanced age, higher body mass index (BMI), and metabolic comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Comprehensive pre-transplant evaluations are crucial for assessing surgical risks and preparing patients for transplantation. MASLD patients with higher BMI may experience longer operative times, potentially affecting intraoperative outcomes. In the months following LT, MASLD recipients face persistent challenges, including a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular events compared to non-MASLD recipients. However, survival rates at 1-, 3-, and 5-years post-LT do not markedly differ from other etiologies, indicating comparable surgical outcomes. Optimizing outcomes in MASLD patients undergoing LT demands a multidisciplinary approach from pre-transplant assessment to post-transplant care. Strategies must address metabolic comorbidities, manage cardiovascular health, and monitor steatosis recurrence, which can be exacerbated by obesity and diabetes. This approach aims to mitigate long-term graft complications and mortality risks, ultimately enhancing transplant success and patient well-being. Continued research is essential to refine these approaches and meet the evolving challenges posed by MASLD as a leading indication for LT worldwide.

Effectiveness of "SAFETYPOLY" Learning Media in Improving Public Knowledge of Chemical Hazards in the Printing Industry

In today's development, many games are played by all groups, from small children to adults and older people. This game can be used for fun or as a learning medium. This game can also be used to increase public knowledge, one of which is regarding occupational safety and health. There is a game that can be used to improve understanding in society, namely monopoly. Therefore, this research aims to determine the effectiveness of monopoly learning media, which contains occupational safety and health "safetypoly", in increasing public knowledge regarding Occupational Safety and Health. This study used a quantitative research approach with a pre-experimental type of research. The research design used in this study was the One Group Pretest-Posttest Control Design. Data collection methods include questionnaires, observation, and interviews. The data analysis methods used in this research are the Validity Test, Reliability Test, Normality Test, and Wilcoxon Test. The "Test Statistics" output is known as Asymp based on the research results.Sig. (2-tailed) is worth 0,000. The value of 0.000 is smaller than <0.05, so there is a difference between the pre-test and post-test results. Apart from that, there was an increase in workers from 20% to 80%. It can be concluded that the safetypoly game influences students' level of knowledge regarding the dangers of chemicals, so this game is effectively used as an educational medium related to occupational safety and health.

Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: A comprehensive analysis from a decade-long study

BACKGROUND Cirrhosis is a significant risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Variability in HCC risk among patients with cirrhosis is notable, particularly when considering the diverse etiologies of cirrhosis. AIM To identify specific risk factors contributing to HCC development in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS This retrospective study analyzed data from cirrhotic patients at Beijing Youan Hospital from January 1, 2012 to September 30, 2022 with at least 6 mo of follow-up. Patient demographics, medical histories, etiologies, and clinical characteristics were examined. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze correlations of the above parameters with hepatocarcinogenesis, while competing risk regression was used to estimate their adjusted hazard ratios accounting for death. The cumulative incidence was plotted over time. RESULTS Overall, 5417 patients with cirrhosis (median age: 54 years; 65.8% males) were analyzed. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was the most common etiology (23.3%), with 25% (n = 1352) developing HCC over a 2.9-year follow-up period. Patients with multiple etiologies had the HCC highest incidence (30.3%), followed by those with HBV-related cirrhosis (29.5%). Significant risk factors included male sex, advanced age, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, elevated blood ammonia, and low platelet count. Men had a higher 5-year HCC risk than women (37.0% vs 31.5%). HBV, HCV, and HBV/HCV co-infected patients had 5-year risks of HCC of 45.8%, 42.9%, and 48.1%, respectively, compared to 29.5% in nonviral hepatitis cases, highlighting the significant HCC risk from viral hepatitis, especially HBV, and underscores the importance of monitoring these high-risk groups. CONCLUSION In conclusion, HBV-related cirrhosis strongly correlates with HCC, with male sex, older age, viral hepatitis, elevated blood ammonia, and lower albumin and platelet levels increasing the risk of HCC.

Age-stratified comparison of heart age and predicted cardiovascular risk in 370 000 primary care patients

BackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) preventive medications are recommended for patients at high short-term CVD risk. As most younger people with multiple raised CVD risk factors levels have low short-term risk, they...

PARTICIPATION OF SENIORS IN CULTURE IN VIEW OF EMPIRICAL RESEARCH

The article presents the results of research on seniors' participation in culture, which are part of cross-sectional research on the style and quality of life of people aged 60+, conducted in 2024. The article discusses the results regarding individual participation in culture and participation in organized cultural activities at the local level. It discusses the level of activity of seniors, institutional and non-institutional actors organizing the cultural life of seniors, the roles played by older people in cultural events and their expectations.

Comparing the utility of lung function parameters and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in predicting lung cancer.

This study aimed to investigate the potential clinical factors that may be associated with the incidence of lung cancer. A total of 150 individuals were enrolled in this cohort study, of which 78 were diagnosed with lung cancer. The results of this study revealed some interesting findings. Specifically, male sex, older age, and lower BMI were found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of developing lung cancer. In contrast, several pulmonary function measures, including FEV1/FVC ratio, FVC, and FEV1, were significantly associated with a decreased risk of lung cancer. Additionally, higher levels of Feno were found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. These findings may be useful in developing strategies for the prevention and management of lung cancer, particularly for individuals with these risk factors. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore the underlying mechanisms behind these associations. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the potential clinical factors that may be associated with lung cancer incidence, and it highlights the importance of early detection and prevention strategies.

Progression and clinical implications of frailty in patients with systemic sclerosis.

To identify the frequency, correlates and progression of frailty in systemic sclerosis (SSc). All Australian Scleroderma Cohort Study participants meeting ACR/EULAR criteria with a calculable FRAIL Scale score were included. FRAIL Scale scores were calculated annually and were used to group participants as 'robust', 'pre-frail' or 'frail'. Progression of frailty over time was examined by comparing first-recorded, highest-recorded and last-recorded FRAIL Scale scores for each participant. Determinants of frailty at each visit were evaluated with ordinal logistic regression. Survival was analysed using Cox hazard modelling. Of 1703 participants, 14% and 53% met criteria for frailty or pre-frailty respectively, with 33% consistently robust. Among initially frail participants, 40% remained frail and 60% improved to pre-frailty/robustness. Of pre-frail participants, 15% became frail while 32% improved to robustness. One-third of initially robust participants progressed to pre-frailty/frailty. SSc-specific determinants of frailty included diffuse SSc (odds ratio (OR) 1.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-1.8, p < 0.01), pulmonary arterial hypertension (OR 7.1, 95% CI 5.1-9.9, p < 0.01), interstitial lung disease (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3-2.0, p < 0.01), proximal weakness (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2-2.0, p < 0.01) and lower-tract gastrointestinal symptoms (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3-1.8, p < 0.01). Older age (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.1-1.2, p < 0.01), raised CRP (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.4-2.0, p < 0.01) and anaemia (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.2-1.7, p < 0.01) were also significantly associated with frailty. A graded risk of death was observed with the diagnosis of pre-frailty and frailty states (hazard ratio (HR) 3.5, 95% CI 2.6-4.8, p < 0.01; and HR 9.8, 95% CI 6.8-14.1, p < 0.01 respectively). Frailty and pre-frailty were associated with reduced health-related quality-of-life and physical function (p < 0.05). Frailty and pre-frailty are common in SSc and contribute to morbidity and mortality. Both SSc and non-SSc determinants of frailty exist. Frailty in SSc is a dynamic phenomenon with potential to deteriorate or improve over time.

Secondary Malignancies After Autologous Stem Cell Transplantations in Patients With Malignant Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma.

Secondary malignancies are potential complications after high-dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Information on the detailed course of such events is scarce, yet may be essential to minimize the impact of these sequelae. We regularly monitored 877 patients for up to 31 years after ASCT in our outpatient department. Four-hundred and five patients with malignant lymphoma and 472 patients with multiple myeloma were analysed with a median follow-up from the initial malignant diagnosis of 7.0 years (0.5-35.5), from ASCT of 4.8 years (range 0.2-31.3). Eighty-nine of these patients suffered from 94 invasive secondary malignancies (30 haematologic malignancies, 64 solid tumours). In 29 patients a non-melanoma skin cancer was observed. 31/64 (48%) patients with solid tumours were diagnosed in an early stage of the disease (UICC 0-2) and had a chance of cure. 5% of the patients developed an invasive malignancy within 5 years, 12% within 10 years, 21% within 20 years. Risk factors were advanced age, the diagnosis lymphoma and in lymphoma patients additionally male sex. Secondary malignancies after ASCT are relatively frequent complications. Our findings suggest that systematic life-long cancer screening after ASCT is essential to improve the prognosis of these adverse events.

Placenta Previa.

Placenta previa is an important and potentially life-threatening cause of bleeding. Historically, it was a major contributor to maternal mortality until advancements in obstetric care, including prenatal ultrasound, cesarean delivery, and transfusion medicine, drastically improved outcomes. Today, placenta previa is typically identified during routine second-trimester ultrasound, with the overwhelming majority of cases resolving before term. Key risk factors include prior cesarean delivery, advanced maternal age, and smoking. When placenta previa is diagnosed, it is essential to assess for associated conditions like placenta accreta and vasa previa. A planned cesarean delivery is recommended in cases that persist into the late third trimester.

Core elements of the perioperative medicine for older people undergoing surgery (POPS) model of care.

Hospital surgical services that utilise the approach of the perioperative medicine for older people undergoing surgery (POPS) model of care improve outcomes for older people contemplating and undergoing surgery. Complex models of care like POPS may be difficult to implement without understanding the elements that comprise that model of care. Logic models can be used to aid implementation by visually depicting theoretical relationships between the elements of the model of care. Our objective was to understand the core elements of the POPS model of care at health services other than where it was first developed. A qualitative case study at three contextually different health services in England with POPS models of care of varying implementation maturity was undertaken. We conducted semi-structured interviews with clinicians and managers involved in POPS (n = 56). The interviews were analysed using inductive and deductive methods. We developed a logic model with seven domains and themes that described the core elements of the POPS model of care compared and contrasted across the three health services. We found POPS could be adapted to 'fit' the local contexts of our study and still achieve its desired outcomes if it remained true to the principles of comprehensive geriatric assessment and optimisation and was delivered by staff with expert skills and attitudes. Our logic model provides potentially generalisable information about the core elements of the POPS service in three health services. This information can be used to aid the implementation of the POPS model of care in healthcare settings similar to our study. Further research may be required to test the logic model in other healthcare contexts.

The Situation of Senior Citizens in the UK and Poland

The aim of this article is to compare and analyse the life situation of older people in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Poland. The similarities and differences presented within this paper are based on the results of conducted research in both countries, statistical data analysis and scholar papers. The article addresses such areas influencing the quality of life of older people as: demography, medical care, the pension system, social care homes, social and cultural activities of seniors, medical support and long-term care systems. This article is also a reference to the quantitative and qualitative research project "The World Tailored to Seniors - the Situation of Older People in Poland" conducted by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education in Poland and Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Poland in 2024.

Elevated HIF-1α levels in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a potential link to increased cognitive impairment risk

IntroductionIn China, an increasing number of patients with end-stage renal disease are undergoing hemodialysis treatment. While this treatment yields relatively positive outcomes, the prevalence of cognitive impairment in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis ranges from 24 to 80%, which is significantly higher than the general population.MethodIn this retrospective study, a total of 120 patients with kidney disease undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) were enrolled. The cognitive status of these patients was assessed using the C-MoCA score, which allowed categorization into two groups: the no cognitive impairment (NCI) group and the cognitive impairment (CI) group. Relevant clinical data, laboratory test results, as well as HIF-1α levels, were collected and analyzed to determine their relationship with the cognitive status of the patients.ResultsIn this study, a total of 45 patients (37.5%) developed CI, and their C-MoCA scores were significantly lower (21.6 ± 2.43) compared to patients in the NCI group (27.56 ± 1.48) (P &amp;lt; 0.001). The CI group was characterized by older age, lower levels of education, as well as lower levels of serum total bilirubin, serum total protein (TP), albumin, serum creatinine, and serum phosphorus in comparison to the NCI group. Additionally, CI patients exhibited higher levels of HIF-1α, received fewer monthly hemodiafiltration or hemoperfusion treatments, and had a lower rate of rosacastat treatment. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that older age (OR = 11.266 [95% CI: 2.775–45.747], P = 0.001) and higher HIF-1α (OR = 20.654 [4.831–88.298], P &amp;lt; 0.001) increased the risk of developing CI, while higher educational attainment reduced the risk of developing CI (&amp;gt; 12 years, OR = 0.004 [95% CI: 0.016–0.619], P≤0.001; 6–12 years, OR = 0.099 [95% CI: 0.000–0.049], P = 0.013).DiscussionCognitive impairment in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) was found to be associated with older age, lower level of education, and higher HIF-1α levels. These factors should be taken into consideration by clinicians to monitor the cognitive status of MHD patients.

Socioeconomic Position and Oral Health in Chinese Older Adults: A Life Course Approach.

We investigated associations between socioeconomic position (SEP) across childhood, adulthood, and older age and number of teeth among Chinese older adults. Data came from 15,136 participants aged 65 to 105 y in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (2018 wave). The outcome was number of teeth. Pathways and sensitive period models were tested simultaneously via structural equation modeling. Ordinal logistic regression assessed the accumulation of risk and social mobility models. Differences were examined across 4 birth cohorts. Adult and older age SEP had direct effects on number of teeth in older age (adulthood, direct β = 0.182, P < 0.001; older age, direct β = 0.093, P = 0.005), supporting the sensitive period model. Childhood SEP had an indirect effect on number of teeth (indirect β = 0.130, P < 0.001) through adult and older age SEP, supporting the pathway/accumulation of risk and social mobility models. Effects of SEP on number of teeth were more pronounced in younger cohorts. Graded associations in the expected directions were found between the number of periods in which participants experienced disadvantaged SEP and number of teeth, as well as social mobility trajectories and number of teeth. Among Chinese older adults, the number of remaining teeth is subject to marked social inequalities. Our findings document the simultaneous applicability of life course models and a widening of oral health inequalities in China across generations. Interventions earlier in child and adult life are needed to address this problem and reduce oral health inequalities. The findings of this study suggest marked socioeconomic inequalities in oral health among Chinese older adults. These inequalities are generated throughout the life course and appear to have widened across cohorts. This study emphasizes that interventions are needed to address the social determinants of oral health at all life stages.

Social workers dealing with situations of abuse against adults and older people: a research study in an Italian region

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the point of view and the interventions of social workers working in local authority social services on the issue of abuse against vulnerable adults and older people. The cases are analyzed from the perspective of dangerous care, considering the interpersonal level of violence and the structural and contextual conditions. Design/methodology/approach This research uses a qualitative methodology; 49 semistructured interviews with social workers across seven districts in a province in Northern Italy were carried out. The interviews included both open-ended questions and the description of specific cases. Findings This study highlights how the shortcomings in the welfare system (lack of legislation, dedicated services and protocols between different services) and the complexity of cases (often involving family members with personal issues) negatively impact social workers’ professional practice. Social workers often operate in solitude and encounter ethical dilemmas. This isolation can lead them to adopt an approach aimed at controlling situations, which may not always take into account the preferences of the individuals directly involved. Research limitations/implications This study captures the perspectives of social workers within a limited geographic area. To gain a more comprehensive understanding, it would be beneficial to extend research to a national level. Another limitation is the absence of the opinion of those directly involved. Originality/value There is currently no research in Italy that explores the opinions of social workers on this issue, which, in general, is little studied. The findings of this research can be highly valuable for professionals and policymakers to organize services and develop intervention protocols, which are currently lacking in the areas where the study was conducted.

Incidence of adverse events related to intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in children.

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy is used in the treatment of pediatric diseases, although data about IVIG-related adverse events (IVIG-AEs) are limited. Objectives of this study were to document the incidence of IVIG-AEs in pediatric hospitalized patients and to identify risk factors for IVIG-AEs. This retrospective cohort study included patients <18 years old who received IVIG therapy while admitted at a Canadian pediatric tertiary care center between 2016 and 2020. Patients and IVIG-perfusions characteristics were collected, as well as IVIG-AEs. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to explore predictors of IVIG-AEs. We included 228 children, totaling 478 IVIG perfusions. Indications included treatment for inflammatory (52.6%), autoimmune disorders (35.5%), and immunoglobulin replacement (11.8%). A total of 213 IVIG-AEs were reported. Fever (13.6%) and headache (6.7%) were the most frequent IVIG-AEs. Most IVIG-AEs were mild (57%) or moderate (31%) in severity, but 12% were severe reactions. The following factors were predictive of IVIG-AEs in univariate analyses: older age (OR 1.14 [95% CI: 1.07-1.21]), dehydration (OR 2.55 [95% CI: 1.43-4.55]), concurrent allergies (OR 2.87 [95% CI: 1.26-6.56]), first perfusion (OR 1.53 [95% CI: 1.02-2.30]), and higher dosage (OR 2.14 [95% CI: 1.39-3.33]). Concurrent steroids decreased the risk of IVIG-AEs (OR 0.43 [95% CI: 0.19-0.96]). Older age and higher IVIG dose remained independent predictors of IVIG-AEs in multivariable analyses. Mild IVIG-AEs are frequent in children, and serious reactions may occur. Prospective studies are needed to confirm risk factors for IVIG-AEs and to evaluate how to best prevent them.

Longitudinal assessment of disparities in pancreatic cancer care: A retrospective analysis of the National Cancer Database.

The existence of sociodemographic disparities in pancreatic cancer has been well-studied but how these disparities have changed over time is unclear. The purpose of this study was to longitudinally assess patient management in the context of sociodemographic factors to identify persisting disparities in pancreatic cancer care. Using the National Cancer Database, patients diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma from 2010 to 2017 were identified. The primary outcomes were surgical resection and/or receipt of chemotherapy. Outcome measures included changes in associations between sociodemographic factors (i.e., sex, age, race, comorbidity index, SES, and insurance type) and treatment-related factors (i.e., clinical stage at diagnosis, surgical resection, and receipt of chemotherapy). For each year, associations were assessed via univariate and multivariate analyses. Of 75,801 studied patients, the majority were female (51%), White (83%), and had government insurance (65%). Older age (range of OR 2010-2017 [range-OR]:0.19-0.29), Black race (range-OR: 0.61-0.78), lower SES (range-OR: 0.52-0.94), and uninsured status (range-OR: 0.46-0.71) were associated with lower odds of surgical resection (all p<0.005), with minimal fluctuations over the study period. Older age (range-OR: 0.11-0.84), lower SES (range-OR: 0.41-0.63), and uninsured status (range-OR: 0.38-0.61) were associated with largely stable lower odds of receiving chemotherapy (all p<0.005). Throughout the study period, age, SES, and insurance type were associated with stable lower odds for both surgery and chemotherapy. Black patients exhibited stable lower odds of resection underscoring the continued importance of mitigating racial disparities in surgery. Investigation of mechanisms driving sociodemographic disparities are needed to promote equitable care.

The role of osteoprotegerin (OPG) in exercise-induced skeletal muscle adaptation

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this narrative review is to offer an updated perspective on the current research on the glycoprotein Osteoprotegerin (OPG), including its potential therapeutic impact and mechanisms of action, and interaction with bone and muscle tissues. Content As health and social care advances people are living longer, with projections suggesting that in 2050 there will be 2 billion people who are aged over 60 years. Yet musculoskeletal health still declines into older age and as a result there is an increase in the proportion of older populations that spend more time with persistent disabilities. Although physical exercise is repeatedly demonstrated to minimise detrimental effects of ageing, it is not always a feasible intervention, and other directions must be considered. Summary and outlook OPG, a glycoprotein decoy receptor for the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL) is a key regulator of bone formation yet emerging evidence has presented its potential to offer positive outcomes in regard to the preservation of skeletal muscle mass and function. Animal models have shown that OPG levels increase during exercise, and independently acts to restore losses of muscle strength and reduce bone resorption. Interventions to increase circulating OPG alongside exercise may act as a therapeutic target to combat the decline in quality of life in older age in humans. Further research is needed on the mechanisms of its action and interaction in humans in combination with exercise.

Singular case report of familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia: a rare diagnosis of hypercalcemia in the older people

Objective to report a case of familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) in an older patient and highlight the diagnostic challenges in geriatric populations. Case presentation We report the diagnosis of FHH in an 88-year-old polypathological patient with hypercalcemia discovered during a check-up for cardiac decompensation. Despite a confusing clinical presentation with gout symptoms, including repeated episodes of knee arthritis, persistent hypercalcemia conducted further investigations. Biological tests excluded primary or hyperparathyroidism and malignancy-related hyperparathyroidism, confirming the diagnosis of FHH through the detection of an inhibitory mutation in the calcium-sensing receptor gene. Conclusion This case suggests to clinicians the possibility of FHH in older patients with unexplained hypercalcemia. In geriatric patients, the diagnosis is complicated because of the poly-pathology: here hypercalcemia was associated with a confusing gout crisis, which was triggered by diuretic treatment for heart failure.

Inertial measurement unit signal-based machine learning methods for frailty assessment in geriatric health

Frailty is a geriatric syndrome that may result in poor health outcomes such as hospitalization, disability, psychological distress, and reduced life satisfaction, and it is also associated with higher healthcare costs. The aim of this study is to classify frailty in elders at an early stage (pre-frail) to lower the risk of frailty and, hence, improve the quality of life. The other two classes in the classification task are frail and robust (non-frail). To achieve this, a dataset based on gait was utilized, which was recorded by an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor, including gyroscope and accelerometer data. In this study, two approaches were assessed: the first used advanced Deep Learning (DL) algorithms to analyze raw IMU signals, and the second used conventional Machine Learning (ML) methods with hand-crafted features. The DL model, i.e., InceptionTime, beat the other algorithms in the DL approach with a remarkable test accuracy of 98%. On the ML side, Random Forest reported the most successful ML method, which achieved a test accuracy of 63.3%. For a careful assessment of the models, other evaluation metrics like Precision, Recall, and F1-score were also evaluated. The evaluation of both approaches produces research benefits for the classification of frailty in older people and allows for the investigation of new areas, promoting deeper comprehension and well-informed decision-making, particularly in healthcare systems.

Demographic characteristics associated with a penicillin allergy label during pregnancy

IntroductionPenicillins and other beta-lactam antibiotics are used in greater than one-third of pregnant women as treatment for Group B Streptococcus colonization and prophylaxis for Caesarean sections. Penicillin allergy labels have been associated with increased morbidity in the pregnant population, and penicillin allergy evaluation during pregnancy is now recognized as safe and effective. Yet, demographic characteristics associated with having a penicillin allergy label during pregnancy have not been studied. We aimed to evaluate factors associated with having a penicillin allergy label in a diverse population of pregnant patients.MethodsWe performed a retrospective observational study of pregnant patients who had an outpatient visit with Obstetrics and Gynecology and a delivery encounter from 1/1/2020 through 6/30/2022 using electronic health record data in a large health system. We used a multivariable logistic regression model to evaluate factors associated with having a penicillin allergy label.ResultsWe identified 10,969 pregnant women of whom 940 (8.6%) had a penicillin allergy label. In the multivariable analysis, having a penicillin allergy label was positively associated with age 32−34 years [odds ratio (OR) = 1.31 vs. 18−27 years, p = 0.02], 35−51 years (OR = 1.41 vs. 18−27 years, p = 0.002) and having rhinitis, asthma, or eczema (OR = 1.55 vs. none, p &amp;lt; 0.0005); and negatively associated with Black race (OR = 0.59 vs. White, p &amp;lt; 0.0005).DiscussionThis study found that Black race was associated with lower likelihood of penicillin allergy label, while older age and atopic conditions were associated with a higher likelihood. This finding may impact health outcomes and interventions related to penicillin allergy in pregnant women.