Semi-dry Conditions Research Articles

Phytochemical Investigation of Parthenium hysterophorus and its Antibacterial Activity

Parthenium hysterophorus, which is an invasive weed.it is Native of Mexico,comes under Asteraceae. Our study Area is at Hameedganj,which is a village comes in sehore district.Parthenium is a species of flowering plant , its leaves looks like carrot leaf so it is also known as Carrot Grass.its pollen are very harmful and causes itching when it is touched. It spreads very fast and cause harm to useful crops like Wheat.its adaptability is very high preferring semi arid and dry conditions. Once it grows, it spreads very fast, so Globally various weed control strategies are applied to control its population but there are certain limitation with conventional methods. So Management of parthenium is a Global problem and still remains a focused view Our research is to investigate its phytochemical analysis and its Antibacterial property,so that it can be managed and used Economically.

Porous superabsorbent composites prepared from aqueous foam template and application evaluation.

Rapid water absorption is very important for the application of superabsorbent polymers under dry or semi-dry conditions, but there are currently few relevant studies. In this context, a novel porous superabsorbent of chitosan-grafted acrylic copolymer-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid/sapindus mukorossi pericarp/calcined oil shale semi-coke (CS-g-P(AA-co-AMPS)/SMP/COSSC) was prepared by a green and convenient foam template method, which was triggered by redox polymerization. The rich pore structure of the porous superabsorbent was conducive to accelerating the water absorption rate. It only took 15 min to reach a swelling capacity of 650 g g-1 in distilled water. Soil experiments show that even with the addition of 0.5 wt% porous superabsorbent, the soil water retention time can be extended to 7 days. Finally, it was applied to the growth of cabbage seeds and it was found that the growth was significantly improved. Based on these excellent properties, we expect to provide a valuable reference for the preparation of fast-absorbing materials through the green water-based foam template method, contributing to sustainable agriculture.

Composite cements with aqueous and semi-dry carbonated recycled concrete pastes

Carbonation of recycled concrete paste (RCP) may reduce cement industry’s CO2 emissions by sequestering CO2 and by using the carbonated material in new composite cements enabling a decrease in the clinker content. This study examines effects of wet and semi-dry carbonation of RCP on the hydration reactions and performance for composite cements incorporating the carbonated material. The two carbonation methods lead to differences in composition and morphology of the carbonated RCP’s. Semi-dry conditions produce CaCO3 as aragonite instead of calcite and results in a lower carbonation degree and denser particles. Despite these differences, the effects on the hydration and performance of the two types of carbonated RCP in composite cements are similar. For both methods, the fast reaction of the alumina-silica gel results initially in a C-(A)-S-H phase with a low Ca/Si ratio, resulting in early-age microstructure densification and higher early strengths. The Ca/Si ratio of the C-(A)-S-H phase increases again when all alumina-silica gel has reacted after a few days of hydration. It is found that the differences in cement performance are associated with different carbonation degrees of the two RCP’s rather than morphological changes between the carbonated pastes.

The role of Achillea millefolium in traditional medicine: A review of its use in different cultures

Background and aims: The Achillea genus, part of the Asteraceae family, is native to the Northern Hemisphere, from Europe to Asia. These plants thrive in temperate climates and are often found in dry or semi-dry conditions. This research aimed to examine the therapeutic uses of Achillea plants, drawing from traditional medicine texts and laboratory and clinical studies. Methods: This narrative review involved a comprehensive search of major scientific databases to gather information on Achillea and its extracts from native or endemic species within the Achillea genus. The review spanned several decades and utilized sources such as Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science, and botanical and local books (1990 - present). Results: Achillea is a medicinal plant used for the treatment of gynecological problems, diabetes control, gastrointestinal disorders, side effects of cancer such as mucositis caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, skin reactions caused by radiotherapy, treatment of prostate cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, and human gastric cancer. Conclusion: Considering the role of medicinal herbs in improving the side effects of cancer, treating certain types of cancer, controlling diabetes, and treating gastrointestinal problems, it is recommended to use this plant as a complementary medicine alongside routine treatments.

Provenance, Depositional Environment, and Paleoclimatic Conditions of a Near-Source Fan Delta: A Case Study of the Permian Jiamuhe Formation in the Shawan Sag, Junggar Basin

The science of the provenance, sedimentary system, and distribution of sand bodies is unclear, limiting oil and gas exploration. Here, we combined heavy mineral, rare earth element, petrographic, and outcrop data to shed new light on the provenance, depositional environment, and paleoclimatic conditions of the Permian Jiamuhe Formation. The provenance is characterized by “a main provenance system, and four provenance zones,” and this result could be interpreted from analyses of its seismic reflection, clastic composition, REES, and heavy minerals. A detailed sedimentological study performed in the excellent outcrops, a comprehensive analysis of logging, and the legalistic cores of this formation allowed for the identification of ten lithofacies and three lithofacies associations. Four distributary/underwater channels were observed. Furthermore, the redox and paleoclimatic conditions based on trace elements (Th/U, V/(V + Ni), V/Cr, Cu/Zn, Sr/Ba, and Sr/Cu) suggested a weak reduction in the environment, as well as semi-humid and semi-dry conditions of the Jiamuhe Formation. These conditions are also supported by the mudstone color and plant fossils. The tectonic setting belongs to the acid island arc area based on the trace element discrimination diagram of La-Th-SC and the values of the La, Ce, ΣREE, L/H, La/Yb, and (La/Yb)N criteria. The research results further confirm that there are differences in the mineral compositions in the same provenance area, and they provide a geological basis for the fine sedimentary facies characterization and a favorable zone prediction in this area.

Antiviral efficacy of nanomaterial-treated textiles in real-life like exposure conditions

Due to the growing interest towards reducing the number of potentially infectious agents on critical high-touch surfaces, the popularity of antimicrobially and antivirally active surfaces, including textiles, has increased. The goal of this study was to create antiviral textiles by spray-depositing three different nanomaterials, two types of CeO2 nanoparticles and quaternary ammonium surfactant CTAB loaded SiO2 nanocontainers, onto the surface of a knitted polyester textile and assess their antiviral activity against two coronaviruses, porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS CoV-2). Antiviral testing was carried out in small droplets in semi-dry conditions and in the presence of organic soiling, to mimic aerosol deposition of viruses onto the textiles. In such conditions, SARS CoV-2 stayed infectious at least for 24 h and TGEV infected cells even after 72h of semi-dry deposition suggesting that textiles exhibiting sufficient antiviral activity before or at 24 h, can be considered promising. The antiviral efficacy of nanomaterial-deposited textiles was compared with the activity of the same nanomaterials in colloidal form and with positive control textiles loaded with copper nitrate and CTAB. Our results indicated that after deposition onto the textile, CeO2 nanoparticles lost most of their antiviral activity, but antiviral efficacy of CTAB-loaded SiO2 nanocontainers was retained also after deposition. Copper nitrate deposited textile that was used as a positive control, showed relatively high antiviral activity as expected. However, as copper was effectively washed away from the textile already during 1 h, the use of copper for creating antiviral textiles would be impractical. In summary, our results indicated that antiviral activity of textiles cannot be predicted from antiviral efficacy of the deposited compounds in colloid and attention should be paid on prolonged efficacy of antivirally coated textiles.

Plastic-covered ridge-furrow planting increases pea (Pisum sativum L.) grain yield and rainwater use efficiency

ABSTRACT Drought is the most important cause of plant yield reduction in dry areas. Plastic mulch is one of the methods of maintaining soil moisture in these areas. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of plastic mulch and planting beds on rainwater use efficiency and yield in pea over two years. The experimental factors included plastic mulch (without plastic, plastic on the plant, and plastic on the soil) and planting bed (flat planting, planting in a 50 cm furrow, and planting in a 100 cm furrow). The results showed that the treatment of plastic mulch on the soil with planting in 50 cm furrows in the first year had the highest seed number per pod, single plant weight, fresh weight of empty pods, fresh pod yield, harvest index, leaf stomatal conductance, and rainwater use efficiency. Plastic mulch on the soil with planting in 50 cm furrows in the second year had the highest seed number per pod, leaf stomatal conductance, and soil moisture at a depth of 20 cm. In conclusion, plastic mulch with planting in a 50 cm furrow for the production of pea in dry and semi-dry conditions is recommended.

Potential of polysaccharides for food packaging applications. Part 1/2 : An experimental review of the functional properties of polysaccharide coatings

Environmental issues related to the use of plastic packaging have sparked a growing interest in the development of more sustainable solutions. Biopolymers, used alone or in combination with other materials, have been considered a potential alternative to conventional fossil-based plastics. Hence, this study aimed at unraveling the potentiality offered by polysaccharides for food packaging applications. To that purpose, an extended characterization of the barrier (to oxygen and water vapor), mechanical and optical properties (transparency and UV-blocking ability) of nine different polysaccharide films (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, low-methoxyl pectin, cationic starch, sodium alginate, kappa-carrageenan, chitosan, and pullulan) was performed to provide a broad overview of their main physicochemical properties under standardized conditions. In addition, the properties of the film-forming solutions, such as viscosity and surface tension, were also evaluated. All polysaccharides obviously presented low water vapor barrier performance due to their hydrophilic nature (water vapor permeance from 10−6 to 10−8 mol.m-2.s-1.Pa-1). Among all the polysaccharides studied, chitosan, low-methoxyl pectic, kappa-carrageenan, pullulan, cationic starch and sodium alginate, displayed medium to very high oxygen barrier performance in semi-dry (50% RH) and humid (80% RH) conditions (oxygen permeance from 10−13 to 10−15 mol.m-2.s-1.Pa-1), contrarily to cellulose derivatives which showed the poorest performance (oxygen permeance >10−12 mol.m-2.s-1.Pa-1). This opens on interesting perspectives for the use of polysaccharides as coating materials for high oxygen barrier packaging.

Geographical Distribution of Soil in Shiwasor-Akhgler Valley Basin and its Characteristics

The soil varies clearly in its chemical and physical characteristics depending on the conditions and factors that make up it, such as raw materials (mother rocks), climatic conditions, vegetation, topography, time, etc. because the study area is located in the semi-mountainous region, its soil was formed under semi-dry climatic conditions and complex topographical situation, which is reflected in the soil characteristics of the Shiwasor-Akhgler Valley Basin.

The Impact of Multiple Pond Conditions on the Performance of Dike-Pond Extraction

Dike-ponds in fisheries often present multiple pond conditions such as pure, suspended sediment, water bloom, semidry conditions, etc. However, the impact of these conditions on the performance of extracting dike-pond from remote sensing images has not been studied. To solve this problem, we explore the existence of such impacts by comparing the performance of four rule-based methods in two groups of test regions. The first group has few multiple pond conditions, while the second has more. The results show that various measure values deteriorate as the proportion of multiple pond conditions in the regions increases. All four methods performed worse in the second group than the first, where the overall accuracy decreased by 8.80%, misclassification error increased by 3.69%, omission error raised by 10.53%, and correct quantity rate dropped by 8.23%, respectively. The extraction method that ingested multiple pond conditions performed indistinguishably from the other methods in the first group. However, it outperformed the other methods in the second group, with a 4.22% improvement in overall accuracy, a 10.25% decrease in misclassification error, and a 19.03% increase in the correct quantity rate. These findings suggest that multiple pond conditions can negatively impact the extraction performance and should be considered in dike-pond applications that require a precise pond size, number, and shape.

The role of Pre-Heating and mineral additive modification on Long-Term strength development of calcium aluminate cement mortars

Strength development of Calcium Aluminate Cement (CAC) under various environmental conditions is an interesting subject of topic that pay attention of researchers for a long time. This special cement usually preferred in applications where quick setting ability, high early strength and resistance to chemical attack is required. However, uncertainty in the hydration process and long-term strength problems, due to conversion reactions in combination with high initial material cost, limit the application of this cement.In order to propose a solution to the above-mentioned problems, blended mortar mixtures were prepared by replacing CAC with variable amounts of microsilica, anhydrite CaSO4 and Portland cement within the scope of this study. The compressive strength development of mortar specimens up to 400 days were investigated under semi-dry curing conditions at 20 ± 5 °C and 60 ± 20% RH. During the initial stages of hydration, a distinct pre-heating based curing procedure was applied to the conjugate specimens. Preliminary stabilization of the unstable hydration products is targeted by this pre-heating method. Accordingly, the crystal structure of the hydration products of specimens was analyzed with the support of microstructural studies (XRD, DTA-TGA, SEM-EDS). The pore size distribution and sub-capillary porosity of specimens were also determined by mercury intrusion porosimetry. The effectiveness of the mineral modification and pre-heating based curing method (exposure to 50 ± 1 °C heating for 21 days) on the long-term strength development of CAC is discussed with the aid of microstructural analysis results. The results showed that it is possible to stabilize the hydration process of CAC and its strength becomes predictable in the long term, if appropriate mineral additives in proper replacement ratios are employed in the mixture design.

Two Comprehensive and Practical Methods for Simulating Pan Evaporation under Different Climatic Conditions in Iran

Evaporation from surface water plays a crucial role in water accounting of basins, water resource management, and irrigation systems management. As such, the simulation of evaporation with high accuracy is very important. In this study, two methods for simulating pan evaporation under different climatic conditions in Iran were developed. In the first method, six experimental relationships (linear, quadratic, and cubic, with two input combinations) were determined for Iran’s six climate types, inspired by a multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP-NN) neuron and optimized with the genetic algorithm. The best relationship of the six was selected for each climate type, and the results were presented in a three-dimensional graph. The best overall relationship obtained in the first method was used as the basic relationship in the second method, and climatic correction coefficients were determined for other climate types using the genetic algorithm optimization model. Finally, the accuracy of the two methods was validated using data from 32 synoptic weather stations throughout Iran. For the first method, error tolerance diagrams and statistical coefficients showed that a quadratic experimental relationship performed best under all climatic conditions. To simplify the method, two graphs were created based on the quadratic relationship for the different climate types, with the axes of the graphs showing relative humidity and temperature, and with pan evaporation, were drawn as contours. For the second method, the quadratic relationship for semi-dry conditions was selected as the basic relationship. The estimated climatic correction coefficients for other climate types lay between 0.8 and 1 for dry, semi-dry, semi-humid, Mediterranean climates, and between 0.4 and 0.6 for humid and very humid climates, indicating that one single relationship cannot be used to simulate pan evaporation for all climatic conditions in Iran. The validation results confirmed the accuracy of the two methods in simulating pan evaporation under different climatic conditions in Iran.

Effects of moisture changes on physicochemical properties of rice flour during semidry grinding

In this study, the effects of moisture changes on rice grain crack, volume and hardness during the semidry grinding process, as well as the damaged starch, microstructure, hydration, and pasting properties of rice flours prepared with different semidry grinding conditions were studied. Moisture changes of semidry grinding showed a “decrease-increase-decrease” pattern which represents hot-air treatment, tempering and drying process, respectively. With the moisture changes of semidry grinding, severe cracks occurred on the rice grains after hot-air treatment, and the hardness of the rice grains decreased rapidly in the first 15 min of tempering. For rice flours, the hot-air treatment and tempering were beneficial to reduce the content of damaged starch, and the tempering process had the greatest influence on the hydration and pasting properties of the rice flours among the three processes of semidry grinding. Moreover, the drying process had a positive effect on thermal paste stability and the resistance of retrogradation of the rice flours. These findings indicated that the “decrease-increase-decrease” pattern of moisture changes during the semidry grinding process affected the rice flour qualities, and could be used to guide the semidry grinding production of specific rice flours.

Працездатність підшипників ковзання як опор шестерень основного паливного насосу ГТД

The paper is about the performance capability of the journal bearings as a support of the fuel gear pump for gas turbine engines (GTE). Supports of the external gear pump usually operate in semi-dry friction conditions, which reduces residual life and is one of the limiting factors. For this investigation, the serial gear pump was chosen with the following parameters: the number of teeth z = 14, module m = 3.8, gear-loading Р = 7800 N. The authors have studied options for a pump with an electrical and mechanical (from the rotor of the GTE) drive. The main criterion for studying the bearing capacity is the minimum thickness of the working layer of a fluid with low viscosity (kerosene). For modeling, a common theory is used based on solutions of differential equations of the viscous fluid hydrodynamics, which relate pressure, velocity, and viscous shear resistance. For technological reasons, the minimum allowable kerosene layer is limited to 5 μm. The conducted analysis considers the multi-lobe (2-, 3- and 4-lobe) bearings with different lobe orientations relative to the force vector. It was found that the 2-lobe bearing has the best load capacity (provides the largest layer of kerosene). According to the results of the previous investigation for further work, the 2-lobe bearing was chosen. The influence of load, setting gap, eccentricity, the specific radius of lobe curvature, shaft length on the bearing load capacity was analyzed. A rational type of bearing design was proposed based on the load capacity criterion (the minimum layer of working fluid). It was shown that the hydrodynamic 2-lobe bearing can be sufficiently effective for the supports of the gear fuel pumps of GTE. Based on the results of the investigation, 2 variants of the pumping unit designs were proposed. The first one for the pump driven by the gas turbine engine rotor with parameters z = 19, m = 3.3, gears width B = 34, shaft diameter DS = 48, and shaft length LS = 56 (P = 10.2kN). The second one for the electrically driven pump, z = 28, m = 1,8, B = 15, DS = 34, and LS = 41 (P = 3.8 kN). The minimum angular velocity for the pump variants is 470 and 1055 rad/s, respectively. According to the investigation results, it was proposed to conduct related studies of the working process in pumps and bearings.

Weed Management Practices to Enhance Weed Control Efficiency In Direct Seeded Rice (DSR) Under Semi-Dry Conditions.

A field experiment was carried out at Agricultural Research Station, Paramakudi, Tamil Nadu during 2017- 18 to study the interaction between weed ecology, competition and management strategies in semi-dry Direct Seeded Rice. The fieldexperiment was laid out in split- plot with irrigation in main plot and weed management in sub plot. The results revealed that least weed density was recorded after irrigation when water level droped to 10cm below soil surface. Among weed management practices hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 days after sowing (DAS)has recorded the lowest weed density with highestweed control efficiency. Among the interactions, lowest weed density and highest weed control efficiency was recorded when water level droped to 10 cm below soil surface with combination hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAS.

Characterization and Wear Response of Magnetron Sputtered W–B and W–Ti–B Coatings on WC–Co Tools

In this work, α-WB2 and (W,Ti)B2 borides were applied as wear-resistant coatings to commercial WC–Co cutting inserts. Properties of coatings deposited by magnetron sputtering on WC–Co tools were studied. The crystal structure and chemical composition were analyzed. Vickers hardness and surface roughness were determined and wear test in semi-dry conditions was performed. The W–B and W–Ti–B coatings deposited on WC–Co substrate were smooth and very hard. However, titanium alloy W-B films with Vickers hardness of 3630 ± 260 HV0.02 were characterized by lower adhesion to the substrate, influencing the wear mechanism. Turning tests carried out on 304 stainless steel showed that the W–B film caused less wear compared to uncoated insert. Moreover, when W–B coating was applied, flank wear was reduced by 30% compared to uncoated WC–Co insert. Additionally, coating prevented chipping of the edge during cutting under test conditions. The research shows that W–B film deposited by magnetron sputtering has great potential as a coating for cutting tools for difficult-to-cut materials.

Hepatitis A Virus Survival on Drug Paraphernalia

Background: The ongoing hepatitis A outbreak in the United States has concerned public health authorities since March 2017. The outbreak has already spread throughout 30 states and includes primarily homeless individuals and persons who use drugs, including persons who inject drugs (PWIDs). Contaminated drug injection paraphernalia and sharing of these items are suspected to be one of multiple causes of hepatitis A virus (HAV) transmission in those populations. Methods: We used a standard plaque assay to investigate HAV infectivity. Liquid suspensions of HAV were tested to examine the effects of time and temperature on viral infectivity. We also examined HAV survival on commonly used drug paraphernalia, such as needles, syringes, cookers, tourniquets, and cotton balls/filters frequently shared among PWIDs. We investigated the effect of low pH on HAV survival using citric acid, which is frequently used by PWIDs during dose preparation. We also compared the plaque assay results with those concurrently obtained by RT-PCR to establish whether viral HAV RNA levels could be used as surrogates for plaque assay results. Results: We found that HAV suspended in PBS at room temperature was able to infect FRhk4 cells for >17 weeks. HAV remained viable in syringes and needles (ie, semidry conditions) for up to 10 weeks depending on the size of the needles and the syringe dead volume. HAV survival in dry conditions on cooker, tourniquet, and cotton balls/filter surfaces did not exceed 4 weeks. HAV retained its infectivity for >10 weeks at pH as low as 2. PCR results suggest that RNA is amplified from both infectious and noninfectious HAV. Conclusions: Our findings show that HAV can survive and remain infective in the PWID setting for 4–10 weeks depending on the type of paraphernalia examined. These findings suggest that sharing drug paraphernalia by the homeless and PWIDs can potentially facilitate the transmission of HAV within these populations. Moreover, our results confirm that the plaque assay is currently the only reliable method to determine the infectivity of HAV in vitro.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

Production and Properties of Starch Citrates-Current Research.

Starch modification by chemical reaction is widely used to improve the properties of native starch. Modified by citric acid, starch is characterized by specific properties resulting from the presence of citrate residues and as a result of cross-linking starch. The chemicals used for preparing starch citrates are safe for human health and the natural environment compared to the harsh chemicals used for conventional modifications. Starch citrates are traditionally produced by heating starch–citric acid mixtures in semi-dry conditions or by a heat moisture treatment. The conditions of the modification process (roasting temperature, heating time, citric acid dose) and the botanic source or genotype of starch determine the degree of substitution and the properties of the obtained preparations. Changes of starch properties occurring during esterification lead to reduced relative crystallinity, resulting in a decrease in the affinity for water, the gelatinization parameters, and the viscosity of starch citrate. However, one of the most important outcome of the modification is the formation of resistant starch (RS), which has increased resistance to the action of amylolytic enzymes. Currently, new methods for producing starch citrates with improved functional and rheological properties while maintaining the highest possible content of resistant starch are being sought. The article presents an overview of recent studies on the production, properties. And applicability of starch citrates with special attention paid to their role as preparations of resistant starch (RS). The use of citric acid for modification of starch is better for the technology process, while using cross-linking is better than simply using esterification.

Desarrollo de índice de habitabilidad térmica en periodo frío para espacios públicos exteriores

El potencial de habitabilidad térmica y el diseño de espacios públicos exteriores, establecen las condiciones de ambiente térmico de sus habitantes por la interrelación de sus componentes (Sevilla, 2008). En la ciudad de El Grullo, Jalisco, México, se considera que condiciones de clima cálido semiseco en periodo de verano, reduce niveles de habitabilidad térmica en espacios de convivencia públicos exteriores, revisión de literatura hasta 2019, indica que estudios sobre habitabilidad térmica en México, han sido desarrollados básicamente en vivienda y edificación, parte de lo que justifica la elaboración de este estudio. El objetivo de esta investigación es presentar el proceso de desarrollo de un Índice de Habitabilidad Térmica (IHT) para espacios de convivencia públicos exteriores, a partir de la estimación del efecto de variables físicas, meteorológicas y termo fisiológicas del habitante, en periodo frío. El caso de estudio fue la población de El Grullo y se utilizó una metodología descriptiva, no experimental y transversal. Después del análisis documental y necesidades del estudio, se adecuó la Fórmula de Confort (COMFA) desarrollada por Brown y Gillespie (1995). De acuerdo al diagnóstico bioclimático de horas de confort para El Grullo y el análisis de áreas de estudio, se aplicaron 554 cédulas de información de habitante y 98 de ambiente térmico y contexto urbano para periodo frío. Para alcanzar valores del IHT, se evaluó nivel de desempeño de cada indicador en función de complejidad, relevancia y accesibilidad de información, para análisis de datos se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman y con base en los resultados obtenidos, se determina que el desarrollo del IHT contribuye a la relación y adecuación entre el hombre y su entorno, y es referido a la integración que resulta de la capacidad de satisfacer las necesidades humanas y sus expectativas de desarrollo y convivencia en un espacio público exterior, además el IHT funciona como herramienta de diseño urbano y sistema de evaluación como propuesta para mejorar las condiciones de confort y de habitabilidad de dichos espacios.

Investigation on the Removal of Carbon Dioxide Exhausted from Industrial Units in a Lab-Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor

In this study, CO2 removal efficiency from flue gas was investigated in a fluidized bed reactor under semi-dry conditions. A lab-scale fluidized bed reactor, filled with inert glass beads, was used to investigate the effect of operating parameters on the CO2 removal efficiency using calcium hydroxide slurry as the absorbent. The Taguchi design method was used to design the experiments. The maximum inlet concentration of CO2 was 3 vol%. The most important factors were the reaction surface area, inlet gas velocity, inlet CO2 concentration, absorbent solution flow rate, inlet gas temperature and calcium hydroxide slurry concentration. The experimental results indicated that the CO2 removal efficiency increased when increasing the effective surface area of the reaction. Moreover, the removal efficiency increased by decreasing the input gas flow rate and inlet CO2 concentration. By performing experiments under optimum conditions, the maximum obtained CO2 removal efficiency was 79%. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).