Sold Items Research Articles

E-COMMERCE IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

Divers may find plenty of opportunities in the international business world, but staying afloat can be challenging. In addition to the fact that this integration of IB with e-commerce will lead to an increase in complexity, it will also facilitate trade and remove many other obstacles that were previously present. A tremendous asset that one may learn and grow from is the quick growth of partnerships across countries worldwide as a consequence of IB, which has led to the best of each other's land and the flow of products and services. International business encompasses any profitable endeavours that promote the international transfer of goods, services, people, ideas, and technology. What are known as "internal business operations"? They occur within the borders of a nation. When companies buy and sell items, commodities, and services over international boundaries, it's called international commerce. This kind of firm is called an international business. The government or a commercial entity may own such trading techniques. Additionally, the country's economy remains steady. There are no competitors in a perilous nation. A global corporation's tools, goals, and objectives should inform its strategy development process.

Students’ Perception on Business in Digital Era

This research aimed to analyze the students’ perception on doinf business in digital era. The objectives of the research were (1) to investigate students’ perceptionof using E-commerce in digital era, (2) to figure out the implications of E-commercein students’ daily life. This research was conducted online for students of university inBali. The data was collected from the questionnaire through google form and wasshared online. the result of the study showed that the quantitative data revealed thatparticipants had positive perceptions toward E-Commerce (TikTok shop, Shopee,Tokopedia, etc) in doing business in digital era. For instance, most of them agree thatE-commerce is beneficial tool for buying dan selling items and even delivering goods,majority of participants agree that they can find the desired items with ease. Thesefinding suggested that students can use E-commerce for doing business in digital eraand they are able to learn new things regarding to business with E-commerce in digitalera.

Option of Inspection and its applications in Takhar Province – Afghanistan

The topic of "option of inspection" is one of the topics that old and contemporary jurists talked about and conveyed different opinions on this issue. It means that the purchaser has the right to sign the contract or rescind it upon seeing the thing contracted for if he did not see it at the creation of the contract or before it. Selling has become common among merchants without the buyer seeing the sold item in general, due to the development of types of sale and their holding between the followers of different countries and through modern means of communication, in which the buyer does not see the sale in most of its forms, except after moving from one store to another, and due to not seeing it, he can be able to do so. The type of sales is some deception, so the purchaser of absent objects needs to prove the option of seeing, in order to ward off the illusions of deception. We wanted to do research on this topic to reveal its different angles. The purpose of the current study is to find out the correct opinion about it and explain it to people. In order to find his legal ruling, we searched for him in the expressive books and the opinions of the jurists of the ancients, the later ones, and the contemporary, and to find out the most correct saying in the quality of the proof of the vision option, we conducted a dialogue with scholars, sheikhs, university professors, and merchants in the form of questionnaires that are mentioned in the last pages.

Assessing the Scope of Digital Platform in Tourism Recovery: A Study on Women Entrepreneurs Embedding Intangible Cultural Heritage with Tourism Products

Both national and local governments and communities may benefit from preserving their ICH as a tourist attraction. Researchers have a hard time making sense of the influence that ICH data has on the psyches of interacting visitors because of its splintered character. Previous studies have indicated that promoting traditional crafts and craftsmanship as ICH may be beneficial for tourism. The Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) is an asset of cultural variety and a guarantee of sustainable development, as recognized by the Convention for the Protection of the ICH (Marie & Swain, 2021). With the shock and disruption caused by the COVID 19 epidemic, ICH is expected to be the game changer in restorative tourism. Those in the tourist industry were hit the hardest by the pandemic's need for widespread changes in livelihood. As a result of the worldwide transportation shutdown, the travel sector came to a complete halt. In light of this situation, academics and industry professionals have been probing the potential of the digital space to reach out to visitors and help them work around interruptions. Nonetheless, this phenomenon has been rare and directly correlated to levels of digital literacy, internet penetration, device accessibility, and institutional backing. The purpose of this research is to examine how often used internet platforms are by women entrepreneurs that sell items with local ICH to foreign visitors. The SonajhuriHaat in Santiniketan, West Bengal, was selected as the research location

Assessing the Impact of Supply Chain Management Processes on the Lebanese Industry of Goods and Services During Times of Uncertainty

In general and through the three functions of Marketing, Operations and Finance, value for the customer is created. However, firms seldom create this value by themselves. Instead, they rely on a variety of suppliers who provide everything from raw materials to accounting. These suppliers when taken together can be thought of a supply chain. Being so diversified, the Lebanese firms have a huge challenge in setting an efficient supply chain process, thus, the firms and through their professional teams were able to set a detailed list of requirements to be followed to consolidate its data and to manage properly the flow of merchandise from the source to the destination particularly during the current critical period of risk and uncertainty. This research will describe how it is done through a vast literature review. So, the purpose of the research is to provide insights into the importance of the supply chain strategy and ERP integration for the organizations. This will ensure a proper integration and will highlight the flow of information of the supply chain helping the group to minimize the inventory cost and being a competitive Advantage. Also, The Electronic Data interchange (EDI) will contribute to the replenishment during the season and the analysis done over the historical data identify the best/worst selling items per shop and define the forecasted order of the upcoming season. The optimization is highly recommended to maintain a sustainable workflow of the supply chain along to the forecasted expansion. To achieve our goal, a primary data via different interviews with experts in the field will be used because of the complicated data collection process. We conducted 15 semi-structured interviews with 13 questions each. Results found showed that the supply chain management (SCM) stability has been affected by the crisis yet businesses in the Lebanese market have been adopting several measures and coming up with various strategies to mitigate the negative consequences.

Formalisation of Street Vending in Dar es Salaam: Implementation and Enforcement of the Wamachinga Identity Card Initiative

Street vending in urban Tanzania is a big sector that touches different activities. This research paper applies the ‘forbearance’ conceptual understanding to investigate the introduction and implementation of small traders’ Identity Cards or simply Wamachinga IDs as an official formalisation strategy. It reports the findings of a qualitative research design undertaken to explain the process of formalisation of street vendors and their trade in Dar es Salaam region. Multiple interpretations of the strategy were noted, such as a technique to collect data for further planning, a revenue collection tactic and an approach to equality between informal and formal traders. The study found that stakeholders embraced the initiative as progress towards gaining business freedom and access to improved earnings while boosting the government's coffers from the so-called informal sector. Additionally, the study found that the initiative had exposed challenges such as the lack of some important personal information in the IDs. It is hence sometimes dismissed as a politically-motivated initiative lacking legality. Moreover, the Local Government Authorities (LGAs) face challenges in managing business waste, business spaces, congestion and collection of some other revenues. Some formal business people/enterprises were reported to recruit young men and buy them Wamachinga IDs to sell items on their behalf. This was noted as a trick for tax evasion, which impedes tax compliance efforts. The study, therefore, recommends a participatory approach to improving the Wamachinga ID initiative alongside related by-laws to address the challenges this ID system faces.

Motives of Tourists: Socio-Economic and Challenges of Kwahu Easter Festival (KEF) in Ghana

The purpose of the study was to examine the Motives of Tourists; Socio-Economic and Challenges of tourism in Kwahu in the Eastern Region of Ghana The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study comprised six (6) communities (Mpraeso, Atibie, Obomeng, Obo Oworobong, and Nketepa in Kwahu South District Assembly (KSDA) in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Purposive and convenient sampling techniques were employed to select two hundred (200) respondents for the study. The main instrument used for data collection was questionnaires. The study employed the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) to code and process the collected data. Descriptive and relational statistical techniques involving frequencies, percentages, summations, diagrams, and tables were employed in analysing the data. The Chi-square test analysis was used to explore the relationships and differences in perceptions. The study indicated that every tourist, whether local (Ghanaian) or foreign, had at least one of the following motives in mind for participating in the festival; To socialize; For relaxation; For education to participate and witness the paragliding festivals; To take photographs of festival scenes; Other motives like to sell items, especially souvenirs. The study also revealed that the KEF has had some positive socio-economic impact or implications on the area. These among others include: job creation, income generation for locals of the area, infrastructural development, and projection of the image of the area as the festival has become one of the biggest gatherings of revellers in the country, drawing people from all walks of life, nationally and internationally as a result of the introduction of paragliding since 2005, socialization enhancement, medium for cultural exchange and education, and finally serves as a medium for portraying the cultural identity of the people of Kwahu. The study also indicated that the major challenges encountered by tourists during the event were listed in order of degree of intensity: High cost of living, poor road network in the area, intermitted electricity and water supply, poor sanitary conditions in the area, poor health facilities, and unwelcoming attitude of some local residents of the festival area. It is recommended that, residents must be educated about the potential benefits of tourism as an industry helping to achieve sustainable community development. It is also recommended that Ghana tourism authority and Kwahu District Assembly should collaborate to improve on social amenities in the municipality to attract more foreign and local tourists during the festivity.

Pengelompokan Barang Menggunakan Metode K-Means Clustering Berdasarkan Hasil Penjualan Di Toko Widya Bengkulu

The Widya shop sells various kinds of hijab products that are tailored to the needs of fashion development. The Widya Bengkulu store also sells various kinds of women's needs such as clothes, accessories, bags, wallets, soft lenses, cosmetics and other fancy items. So far, Widya Store has not used computers as a data processing medium. All processes of selling goods and inventory of goods are still carried out with book records, and do not yet have an application that can help the process of managing the data of these goods. In addition, in managing inventory, Toko Widya only sees stock based on sales results, if the stock on one of the items runs out, an order will be made to the supplier.
 Implementation of the K-Means Clustering Method in Grouping Goods Based on Sales Results at the Widya Bengkulu Store was made using the Visual Basic .Net programming language and SQL Server 2008 database. In the Grouping of Goods Based on Sales Results at the Widya Bengkulu Store, it will be processed to seek knowledge from chunks of data, namely goods sales data. Cluster I is a Very Selling Item, Cluster II is a Self Selling Item, and Cluster III is a Less Selling Item. Based on the results of the tests that have been carried out, the application of Grouping Goods Based on Sales Results at the Widya Bengkulu Store can provide information on the best-selling items sold at the Widya Store.

“They bought it, therefore I will buy it”: The effects of peer users' conversion as sales performance and entrepreneurial sellers' number of followers as relationship performance in mobile social commerce

Drawing from social learning theory and the mobile advertising literature on key performance indicators (KPIs), two experiments examined the influence of peer users' conversion in mobile social commerce. Experiment 1 (N = 211, between-subjects [high vs. low number of “sold items”]) tested the effects of peer users' conversion, operationalized as the number of “sold items” in the seller's profile, on the seller-and-profile-related outcomes. The main effect of peer users' conversion was found such that high conversion induced greater cognitive and affective appraisals, higher seller credibility, a more positive profile attitude, greater perceived entrepreneurial talent of the seller, and stronger social commerce conversion intentions. The mediating effect of social learning (mainly affective appraisal) was found. Experiment 2 (N = 348, 2 [high vs. low number of “sold items”] x 2 [high vs. low “followers”] between-subjects factorial design) showed the interaction effects of the number of “sold items” (seller's sales performance) and the number of “followers” (seller's relationship performance) on cognitive and affective appraisals, seller credibility, and profile attitude. Moderated mediation analyses revealed that peer users' conversion exerts a positive impact on the outcome variables through cognitive and affective appraisals when the number of followers is high but not when it is low.

Shopping and Basket Analysis by Using an Improved Apriori Algorithm in WEKA

In the past years, e-commerce and online shopping grew fast. It became more helpful by letting people buy the desired product online. Also, to help their users to find the product of their desire easily and make the process simpler, the online shopping websites use some kinds of an algorithm to provide recommendation systems. Often, these systems use techniques like basket analyzing and association rules which is finding the relation between the products together or between users too, so apriori algorithm is one of the famous ones among the recommendation systems. Although it has some limitations while implementing which makes the algorithm less confident or even useless, Let us assume we have 100K records in the sold item list in a system in which about 10K refers to the customers buying only one or two items in their purchase. Therefore, this ten per cent will not affect finding the relation between the items, at the same time these records will make the system less efficient and take more time to analyze, in this paper, we try to show how we can improve the apriori algorithm efficiency and accuracy by some preprocessing on the dataset before applying apriori algorithm by eliminating the unnecessary records, this process helps to make the algorithm better because of reducing the number of transactions, hence finding strong relationships between items easier for the rest of the records.

TOPSIS Method Application in Choosing The Most-Sale POS Cashier Machine Stuffs and Tools in PT. Mahadana Wikasita


 PT. Mahadana Wikasita is a company engaged in the sale of machine goods and pos cashier tools. In order to face business competition there are some problems that often arise regarding the sale of goods. PT. Mahadana Wikasita is lacking in monitoring the goods sold, what items consumers need and the storage of data is less effective, so the company can not determine exactly which goods to buy. Therefore, a decision support system is needed that can help solve this problem. In this research, the decision support system used is by Techinique for Order Reference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) which consists of seven stages using several criteria such as price, type, quality and customer interest. In the test results calculated using the Method For Order Preference bySimiliarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) it can be concluded that the highest value is kios Pakmo mobile cashier application package with a value of 0.920, can be interpreted as the best selling item for one year.

FACTORS INFLUENCING CONSUMER PURCHASE INTENTION WHILE BUYING ONLINE

Motivation/Background: Today, it is very imperative to study the factors that effect and predict the purchase intention of consumer online shopping. E-tailers and e-commerce is expanding very quickly, especially clothing and fashion brands have shifted to electronic channels to reach out their clients. This is one of the reasons that apparel is amongst the most sold items online. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors that influence consumer choices and which factors have significant effect on consumer purchase intention while online shopping fashion apparel.
 Method: This research has adopted quantitative approach and explanatory research purpose to establish relationship between four independent variables: Convenience, Price, Information and Security on the dependent variable (Consumer purchase intention). Survey response from 300 consumers was collected through online questionnaire and distributed through convenience sampling.
 Results: Data collected was analyzed on SPSS. For two hypotheses, correlation test one-sample t-test was conducted. Further, two hypothesis were analyzed by regression analysis. All four hypotheses were accepted. Results conclude that there is a significant relationship between online purchase intention of consumer and its factors such as price, convenience, security and information about product or service.
 Conclusions: This study has many implications for small retailers to focus on factors that can make it easier selling online. Security measures to protect user data are very vital to bring user back on the e-tailing website or webpage.

Online IAAS Cloud Auction Using Two Way Mechanism

Auction is probably the most seasoned method of purchasing and selling merchandise and items. The present world has been changed to the web so closeout has additionally advanced to online.83% of the absolute populace purchase something in the auction.94% of the all-out populace sell items in the bartering. 34% of the complete populace determines the status of the sale. This two-way component is utilized for purchasing and selling items or IAAS. The Internet gave an unbounded commercial center to clients, one in which they can discover anything they need and think about costs without any problem. Distributed computing is the transport of figuring administrations including workers, limit, information bases, coordinating, PC program, examination, and insight over the Web (the cloud) to offer speedier turn of events, versatile resources, and economies of scale. You usually pay in a manner of speaking for cloud organizations you use, having an effect lower you're working expenses, run your structure all the more capably, and scale your trade needs changes.

Competitive channels coordination in a closed-loop supply chain based on energy-saving effort and cost-tariff contract

In the literature, extensive researches have been done regarding the remanufacturing in closed-loop supply chains (CLSCs) and energy-saving efforts in the forward logistics. However, despite the importance of energy-saving effort in the remanufacturing process, its relevancy in the context of CLSCs has not been investigated. This study extends the previous literature on CLSCs with remanufacturing into the CLSCs with simultaneous effects of remanufacturing and energy-saving efforts on environmental sustainability. This study investigates a CLSC including one (re-)manufacturer investing in remanufacturing and energy-saving efforts, two retailers competing on selling items, and two collectors competing on collecting used items. Utilizing channel coordination and game theory approaches, we analyze how competitive sales prices and collection rates are influenced by the remanufacturing and energy-saving efforts. This study sheds new light on the CLSC management and provides theoretical and practical insights into the way managers of CLSC utilize to promote both environmental and economic sustainability. Our findings illuminate the importance of remanufacturing and energy-saving efforts in the collection process.

Revenue maximization in Stackelberg Pricing Games: beyond the combinatorial setting

In a Stackelberg Pricing Game a distinguished player, the leader, chooses prices for a set of items, and the other players, the followers, each seek to buy a minimum cost feasible subset of the items. The goal of the leader is to maximize her revenue, which is determined by the sold items and their prices. Most previously studied cases of such games can be captured by a combinatorial model where we have a base set of items, some with fixed prices, some priceable, and constraints on the subsets that are feasible for each follower. In this combinatorial setting, Briest et al. and Balcan et al. independently showed that the maximum revenue can be approximated to a factor of H_ksim log k, where k is the number of priceable items. Our results are twofold. First, we strongly generalize the model by letting the follower minimize any continuous function plus a linear term over any compact subset of {mathbb {R}}^n_{ge 0}; the coefficients (or prices) in the linear term are chosen by the leader and determine her revenue. In particular, this includes the fundamental case of linear programs. We give a tight lower bound on the revenue of the leader, generalizing the results of Briest et al. and Balcan et al. Besides, we prove that it is strongly NP-hard to decide whether the optimum revenue exceeds the lower bound by an arbitrarily small factor. Second, we study the parameterized complexity of computing the optimal revenue with respect to the number k of priceable items. In the combinatorial setting, given an efficient algorithm for optimal follower solutions, the maximum revenue can be found by enumerating the 2^k subsets of priceable items and computing optimal prices via a result of Briest et al., giving time O(2^k|I|^c) where |I| is the input size. Our main result here is a W[1]-hardness proof for the case where the followers minimize a linear program, ruling out running time f(k)|I|^c unless mathsf {FPT} =mathsf {W[1]} and ruling out time |I|^{o(k)} under the Exponential-Time Hypothesis.

Incremental collusive fraud detection in large-scale online auction networks

An online auction network (OAN) is a community of users who buy or sell items through an auction site. Along with the growing popularity of auction sites, concerns about auction frauds and criminal activities have increased. As a result, fraud detection in OANs has attracted renewed interest from researchers. Since most real OANs are large-scale networks, detecting fraudulent users is usually difficult, especially when multiple users collude with each other and new online auctions are continuously added. Although collusive auction frauds are not as popular as other types of auction frauds, they are more horrible and catastrophic because they often bring huge financial losses. To tackle this issue, some techniques have been proposed to detect collusive frauds in OANs. While all of the techniques have demonstrated promising results, they often suffer from low detection performance or slow convergence, especially in large-scale OANs. In this paper, we overcome these deficiencies by presenting ICAFD, a novel technique that recasts the problem of detecting collusive frauds in large-scale OANs as an incremental semi-supervised anomaly detection problem. In this technique, we propagate reputations from a small set of labeled benign users to unlabeled users along the auction relationships between them and then incrementally update reputations when a new auction gets added to the OAN. This increases the convergence of ICAFD and allows it to avoid wasteful recalculation of reputations from scratch. Our experimental results show that ICAFD can successfully detect different types of collusive auction frauds in a reasonable detection time.

Loot box engagement and problem gambling among adolescent gamers: Findings from a national survey

Loot boxes represent a form of microtransaction in many video games that have some resemblance with gambling. Research on this subject is still in its infancy, and particular there are few studies involving young people. Using cross-sectional survey data from a representative sample of 1,137 participants aged 12–16 years, this study examined loot box engagement patterns and links with problem gambling severity. Nearly half (45.6%) of the participants that were involved in gaming in the past year engaged in loot box activities at some level, and loot box users were predominantly male. The vast majority of the males (93%) had earned, bought, or sold items from a loot box whereas 15% of the females reported engagement with loot boxes. There was a significant positive correlation between loot box engagement and problem gambling severity when controlling for core demo-graphic factors. Compared to participants with no engagement or participants who solely obtained a loot box, the proportions of at-risk and problem gamblers were higher among those, who had purchased or sold items from a loot box. The findings provide new insights into the links between loot box engagement and problem gambling among adolescent populations. Specifically, the study provides new knowledge on different engagement patterns among loot box users and their implications. On this basis, different measures to reduce loot box purchases and reduce marketplace structures are discussed.

Implementation and comparison analysis of apriori and fp-growth algorithm performance to determine market basket analysis in Breiliant shop

The creativity of an online store owner who develops a business in a retail business in determining a marketing strategy will affect his competitive ability with other online stores. However, services that are in accordance with costumers attitude is a stuff that should be awarded by shop owners in order to improve not only customer satisfaction but also store income. The method used in this study is Market Basket Analysis to know customers attitude by analysing data from sales transactions to show customers attitude toward one sold item and the others. Research aimed that it is necessary to have a system that can help to form a combination among products using the association rule method, the algorithm used to analyse this method is apriori and fp-growth algorithm. Result from data analysis test using monthly sales transaction data of cosmetics in Breiliant Store during November 2018 with 34 number of data sales transaction. It could be concluded that a combination of products which have strong support and confidence were Original Liquid Bleaching Seeds, Harva Peeling Gel and Castor oil. It had support value of 8.8% and 30% confidence value, with a filtering time of 0.036 seconds.

Optimal Hesitation Rule Mining using weighted Apriori with Genetic Algorithm

Weighted Apriori algorithm practices the itemsets that are frequently generated in particular databases for statistical analysis. Traditional association rule mining only deals with the items that are actually present in the transaction and disregards the items that customers hesitated to purchase such items can considered as almost sold items that contains valuable information which can be used in enhancing the decision making capabilities. This paper focuses on the weighted apriory with genetic algorithm because with the help of weighted apriory there are some hesitation patterns are define on these rules the genetic algorithm is applied which gives the optimal results(Newly generated valid rules). This exertion portrays that if the cause of yielding the things is known and settled, we can without much of a extend expel this hesitation status of a client and thinking about recently developed rules as the intriguing ones for increase offers of the entity or item.

A game theoretic approach for pricing under a return policy and a money back guarantee in a closed loop supply chain

Closed Loop Supply Chain (CLSC) has attracted the attention of many researchers in recent years. This paper introduces for the first time a CLSC consisting of one manufacturer and two retailers in which sold items can be returned from customers in the two categories of non-defective and defective items. The first retailer exercises a Money Back Guarantee (MBG) policy for defective items with a full refund. He also offers an MBG with a partial refund for non-defective items. The manufacturer collects the defective items returned to remanufacture and sell them to a second retailer. The first retailer sells non-defective items returned as open box items at a discount in a second market while the second retailer sells remanufactured items in a third market. Two scenarios are also considered: one in which the manufacturer pays to the first retailer the wholesale price for defective items, and the other in which the manufacturer pays the first retailer's price in order to motivate him to offer exercise the MBG policy for defective items. A numerical Example is finally introduced and the relevant parametric analysis is carried out while managerial insights are extracted from the solution. Results show that the first scenario is more beneficial to all the parties in the supply chain because it not only increases both the manufacturer's and the retailers' profits but also reduces the retailers' prices.