Self-reported Learning Experiences Research Articles

Exploring teachers’ learning experiences and core components of the professional development programme within a pilot reform project in Armenia

ABSTRACT This article explores teachers’ self-reported learning experiences and core features of the teacher professional development (TPD) programme within a pilot reform project in Armenia. A qualitative exploratory methodology was employed, and the data were generated via survey and semi-structured interviews. Using inductive thematic analysis with elements of abductive reasoning, the study revealed three categories of teachers’ learning experiences: (i) development of new modes of learning, (ii) changes in instructional practices, and (iii) attitudinal changes. The study also identifies seven core components of the TPD: (i) active learning, (ii) mentoring, (iii) subject focus, (iv) engaging with and in research, (v) duration, (vi) engagement in the professional learning community, and (vii) collective participation that fostered teachers’ learning by providing new insights for designing and implementing TPD programmes. The data analysis shows evidence that the teachers’ learning experiences and the components of the TPD programme are interrelated, as most of the learning experiences were reflected in specific programme components.

Canada Learning Initiative in China (CLIC): A Consortium Approach to Increasing Students’ Participation in Education Abroad to China

Education abroad experiences have been found to be beneficial to students’ personal growth, intercultural awareness, and career preparedness. However, the rate of Canadian postsecondary students’ participation in education abroad has been low, particularly to Asia. Lack of financial resources and uncertainty in credit transfer are identified as common challenges that stop students from pursuing such opportunities. In this paper, the Canada Learning Initiative in China (CLIC), a Canadian consortium of 12 top Canadian research-intensive universities, is introduced as a model to increase students’ participation in study abroad in China. After an introduction to the design of the program in response to students’ expressed challenges, a thematic analysis is conducted on students’ self-reported learning experiences to glean the impact of such an initiative on students. This study shows that consortia can be utilized as an effective approach to increasing the scope and quality of students’ participation in education abroad.

I Believe I Can Try: Self-Efficacy, Pandemic Behaviors, Coping, and Learning.

While colleges and universities grapple with delivering instruction face-to-face during the pandemic, there is still a lot to learn from remote teaching experiences. The present study aimed to predict self-reported learning during the first year of the pandemic. Building on previous scholarship on the topic, we focus on the moderating effects of self-efficacy, and the mediating effects of coping styles on the relationship between stress and self-reported learning experiences. We also included self-perceptions of class effort, the instructor, and changes in class, personal, professor, and health behaviors. Students (N = 272) in Introductory Psychology classes participated in an online survey as part of a class research requirement. Analyses demonstrated that self-efficacy predicted differences in many measures associated with learning and predicted learning over and above all other variables entered in a hierarchical regression. The relationship between stress and learning was mediated by coping, but not moderated by self-efficacy. These results suggest student beliefs about their ability to perform online are important to learning outcomes, but coping mechanisms mediate the relationship of stress and learning. Especially while teaching during pandemic times using different modalities, instructors will do well to directly address students' perceptions of their own ability and build self-efficacy.

The Power of Hashtags in Online Presentation Promotes Interactivity and Globalization in Students’ Learning

Online presentation is emerging when classroom presentation is not possible. This study was to compare students’ interactivity between the asynchronized online presentations with hashtags and the synchronized classroom presentations. This was a secondary analysis with seven courses conducted between 2016 and 2020. Students’ interactivity in group presentations was evaluated from the videos recorded in classrooms and the posts on social media. Three and four courses in the classroom mode and online mode, respectively were included. Students’ presentations if posted in social media with hashtags, it gained higher accessibility, more attention, more views and the interactions between the presenters and the audiences generated more themes. No significant difference was found between groups in students’ self-reported learning experience on exchanging ideas, learning from various sources and engaging in their own learning. The application of hashtags allowed more time and more viewers to give feedback to the students.

Using colour-coded digital annotation for enhanced case-based learning outcomes

ABSTRACT Business cases are commonly adopted into the accounting curricula to promote deep learning. However, in practice, case-based learning is often ineffective without facilitation because of accounting students’ strong surface-learning tendencies. This study investigates the case-based learning effect of colour-coded digital annotation (CCDA). CCDA requires students to highlight web-based text using prescribed colours and present case responses as annotated comments. Our findings indicate that students who adopt CCDA achieve greater improvement in case assessments. Consistent with findings in the technology-enhanced literature (TEL), CCDA provides greater benefits for students who engage more with the intervention. However, CCDA’s effect on learning outcomes is not correlated with the self-reported learning experience. This study contributes to the literature and practice by presenting a cost-effective intervention to operationalise case-based learning in accounting education.

The Interactive Learning Model: A theory that assists the L2 learner in achieving self-awareness

This study uses the Interactive Learning Model theory to explore the nature of self-awareness within each of three L2 learners. Using the Learning Connections Inventory (LCI), a validated and reliable learning instrument, each participant identified their combination of learning patterns. The subjects then recalled specific L2 learning experiences, relating them in first person narratives. Next, each subject composed anecdotes and reflections based on their narratives. They also participated in one-on-one interviews in which they described their learning experiences during basic L2 learning activities: vocabulary, grammar, writing, conversation, and passive listening during movies, live theatre, spectator sports, and television. Our analysis of the LCI outcomes and selfreported learning experiences demonstrated that the self-awareness gained from understanding their combination of learning patterns and expanded by the self-reflection activities, increased the participants’ ability to articulate the nature of their self-awareness and to identify evidence of their growth in self-awareness during L2 learning.

Students’ observed engagement in lessons, instructional activities, and learning experiences

In order to expand previous intraindividual studies of student engagement we investigated students' observed engagement (i.e., on- and off-task behaviour), instructional activities (i.e., teacher-led whole class, individual work, pair-work, student-teacher interaction, assessment, and ”other”), and self-reported learning experiences (cognitive engagement, difficulty, competence, emotional engagement, positive and negative emotions), within lessons during one calendar week. Eighteen fourth and fifth grade target students (Mage=10.1, SD=0.44) were observed every 30 sec during two to four lessons each day for five school days (engagement and instructional activities), on average 66.05 times per lesson (SD=19.16, Range=15-80, nobs=14,994) between 9-18 lessons during a week. Simultaneously, students provided 1-3 electronic questionnaire self-reports per lesson (Mself_report=35.1, SD=12.6, Range=19-52, nself_report=631). We regressed observed engagement (0 = off-task, 1 = on-task) on self-reported learning experiences using 3-level (time-points nested in lessons, nested in students) Bayesian logistic regression models in brms. Observed engagement diminished during lessons, and was predicted by higher cognitive engagement, and instructional activities. As compared to teacher-led instruction, engagement was higher during individual tasks, teacher-supported tasks, and assessments. Overall self-reported and observed engagement within lessons converged, supporting their use in intraindividual research.

Undergraduate Students Experience of Nutrition Education Using the Flipped Classroom Approach: A Descriptive Cohort Study

To explore undergraduate students self-reported learning experience in a foundation nutrition education course/unit delivered using a flipped classroom approach (FCA), which requires students to complete independent learning before and after interactive in-class learning experiences. A descriptive cohort study design used selected items from a self-report flipped classroom student engagement questionnaire to assess Australian undergraduate student (n = 105) engagement in the course/unit and compared with nonflipped courses, preference for FCA, academic achievement, learning behaviors for 3 FCA learning phases, and more or less engaging aspects of the course/unit. Most (66.5%) students were engaged or very engaged, with half (55%) more engaged in this course/unit compared with other nonflipped courses/units with a preference for the FCA (53%). Almost half of the students agreed the FCA improved their academic performance (grade) (45%) and other academic skills (ie, teamwork) (48.5%). Most student comments related to the value of participate phase activities. The FCA engaged most students in learning and is an emerging learning and teaching approach appropriate for undergraduate nutrition dietetic education.

Typology of motivation and learning intentions of users in MOOCs: the MOOCKNOWLEDGE study

Participants in massive open online courses show a wide variety of motivations. This has been studied with the elaboration of classifications of the users according to their behavior throughout the course. In this study, we aimed to classify the participants in the MOOCs according to the initial motivations and intentions, before long interaction with the online device. Using a survey of 1768 participants in 6 MOOCs, we classify the participants according to: internal motives, external motives and intention of persistence. Three profiles of involvement in the course were identified: poorly motivated (16.7%), self referential (28.8%) and highly committed (54.5%). All three profiles showed significant differences in self-reported learning experiences at the end of the course. The intensity of the initial motivation was positively related to the satisfaction and perceived quality of the training experience. According to our analysis, identifying motivational profiles before starting the course allows to diagnose in advance the educational use and the diversity of individual training itineraries.

Impact of Scribes on Medical Student Education: A Mixed-Methods Pilot Study.

Medical scribes are an increasingly popular strategy for reducing clerical burden, but little is known about their effect on medical student education. We aimed to evaluate the impact of scribes on medical students' self-reported learning experience. We conducted a mixed-methods pilot study. Participants were medical students (third and fourth years) on a family medicine clerkship who worked with an attending physician who practiced with a scribe. Students did not work directly with scribes. Scribes charted for attending physicians during encounters that did not involve a student. Outcomes were three 7-point Likert scale questions about teaching quality and an open-ended written reflection. Qualitative data was analyzed using a constant comparative method and grounded theory approach. A total of 16 medical students returned at least one questionnaire, yielding 28 completed surveys. Students reported high satisfaction with their learning experience and time spent face-to-face with their attending, and found scribes nondisruptive to their learning. Major themes of the open-ended reflections included more time for teaching and feedback, physicians who were less stressed and more attentive, appreciation for a culture of teamwork, and scribes serving as an electronic health records (EHR) resource. To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the effect of scribes on medical student education from the students' perspective. Our findings suggest that scribes may allow for greater teaching focus, contribute to a teamwork culture, and serve as an EHR resource. Scribes appear to benefit medical students' learning experience. Larger and more rigorous studies are needed.

Characteristics of mental health recovery model implementation and managers’ and clinicians’ risk aversion

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships between clinicians’ and managers’ risk aversion and a range of variables related to the implementation of the Collaborative Recovery Model (CRM). Positive risk taking is an integral component of the recovery process. Clinicians’ risk aversion has the potential to negatively impact on their implementation of recovery-oriented practices. The CRM provides an evidence-based framework to assist consumers to participate in the recovery process. However, there is a need for research to clarify the factors related to recovery that have impact on managers’ and clinicians’ risk aversion, and ultimately on implementation of recovery practices.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey assessed clinicians’ (n=174) and managers’ (n=48) risk aversion and their self-reported learning experiences, commitment to using CRM, goal setting attitudes and CRM implementation behaviour.FindingsClinicians who reported more risk aversion were significantly more likely to report positive attitudes towards goal setting. Stepwise regression revealed that training experiences, goal setting attitudes and commitment to CRM significantly predicted an increase in CRM implementation. Over and above this, risk aversion predicted a small but significant increase in the self-reported use of CRM. Managers experienced significantly less risk aversion than clinicians, with a negative relationship between risk aversion and commitment to CRM principles.Originality/valueThis paper suggests that clinicians’ risk aversion impacts upon their implementation of the CRM, with managers less risk averse than clinicians.

The interprofessional learning experience: Findings from a qualitative study based in an outpatient setting

ABSTRACTClinical interprofessional education has traditionally taken place in hospital wards, but much diagnosis and treatment have shifted to the outpatient setting. The logical consequence is to shift more students’ clinical placements from the “bedside” to outpatient settings. However, it is unclear how we ensure that this shift maximises learning. The purpose of this article is to understand the authentic learning experience in an interprofessional outpatient clinic setting. We performed an exploratory case study with interviews of four nursing students, 13 medical students, and six staff members who worked in an interprofessional outpatient orthopaedic clinic from March 2015 to January 2016. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using systematic text condensation. The students’ self-reported learning experience in this outpatient clinic was characterised by direct patient contact and by authentic, interprofessional, task-based learning, and a preference for indirect supervision when conducting uncomplicated patient consultations. The supervisors intended to create this interprofessional outpatient clinic experience by having a clear teaching approach based on adult learning principles in a safe and challenging learning environment. The shift to the outpatient setting was strongly and practically supported by the management. This study indicates that student learning can be shifted to the outpatient clinic setting if there is supportive management and dedicated supervisors who establish a challenging yet safe interprofessional learning environment.

Nursing Student's Experiences in Critical Care Course: A Qualitative Study

Background: Critical care nursing is a requirement for senior baccalaureate nursing students at our college. Undergraduate critical care nursing course provide an opportunity for students to develop basic knowledge and skills in critical care, and exposure them to the role of the critical care nurse. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of undergraduate nursing students enrolled in a compulsory critical care course. Design: A qualitative content analysis study design was utilised to conduct the study. Setting: The study was conducted in one university in Saudi Arabia. Participants: All nursing students enrolled in compulsory critical care course (n=180). Methods: Students were asked to report their experiences daily in writing during clinical training using a special form the self-reported learning experience form and notes from post-clinical conferences were analysed qualitatively and emerging themes were presented. Results: Participants described a variety of unique experiences throughout the course, however four main themes emerged: support, knowledge and skills, socialisation and moving on. Key factors that influence student's experiences include: support from faculty and clinical supervisor, preceptors’ attitudes towards students and learning process, course content, and patients’ acuity in the unit. Strategies such as self-directed learning and preceptorship management were found to positively improve students’ experiences. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the need for support in the form of educational activities to provide the skills and knowledge required to care for the critically ill patient, Effective preceptorship appears to be significant in attaining socialisation to the unit. Further implications and recommendations for education, practice, and research will be discussed.

Differences in developmental experiences for commonly used categories of organized youth activities

The coherence of adolescents' self-reported learning experiences between subgroups of organized youth activities within five commonly used categories was evaluated. Data for the present study come from a representative sample of eleventh grade adolescents' reports on learning experiences in an organized youth activity using the Youth Experience Survey (YES, 2.0). Overall, the findings indicated that within some categories of organized youth activities the subgroups were fairly homogeneous in their rates of learning experiences whereas in others the subgroups demonstrated greater differences than similarities. The implications for grouping activities into commonly used categories are discussed.