Self-regulated Learning Skills Research Articles

Relationship between Self-regulated Learning with Academic Buoyancy: A Case Study among Malaysia FELDA Secondary School Students

Prior studies offer descriptive accounts of empirical evidence on the positive relation between self-regulated learning towards various academic outcomes. However, lack of studies looks into the relation between self-regulated learning specifically with academic buoyancy in secondary school mathematics learning. Therefore, this correlational study aims to assess the relationship between self-regulated learning and academic buoyancy in the context of mathematics learning. Using a sample of 463 secondary school students from FELDA area (southern and east coast area), data were collected from Academic Buoyancy Scale and Self-regulated Learning Questionnaire. Results showed that, overall students self-regulated learning was positively and significantly correlated with academic buoyancy. Besides, all three phases of self-regulated learning namely forethought, performance and reflection phase were also positively correlated with academic buoyancy. The findings of the study offer insights into the importance of having good self-regulated learning skills to be the protective factor in dealing with daily academic challenges in the mathematics learning setting.

Understanding the interplay between teacher self-efficacy, teacher–student interactions, and students’ self-regulated learning skills at different levels of classroom ecology

IntroductionStudies pinpoint the importance of exploring factors in the classroom environment that might foster students’ SRL-skills in various domains. This study explored specific teacher and classroom factors, including self-efficacy for SRL-skills (TSE) and teacher–student interactions in relation to students’ self-regulated learning skills in various domains (metacognitive, motivational, and behavioral). Additionally, the moderating role of teacher–student interactions in the relationship between TSE and SRL-skills was examined.MethodsThird-to sixth grade students (N = 1,278, 46.9% boys) from 63 classrooms of Dutch elementary schools completed reports about their metacognitive, motivational, and behavioral SRL-skills. Teachers reported on their TSE for eight randomly selected students from their classes. In addition, the Classroom Assessment Scoring System was used to observe the quality of teacher–student interactions.ResultsMultilevel analyses generally revealed that individual students reported better metacognitive, motivational, and behavioral SRL-skills when their teachers felt efficacious in teaching SRL-skills. However, none of the associations at the class level were significant. Moreover, when high-quality teacher–student interactions were observed, students reported lower levels of metacognitive, motivational, and behavioral SRL-skills. No moderating effect of teacher–student interactions on the relation between TSE and SRL-skills was found.DiscussionThese findings show that specific measures of TSE at the appropriate level of analysis may help to better explain variation in TSE and students’ SRL-skills.

Exploring SRL Differences: Science vs. Social Science Students in Soe, NTT

This study examines the differences in Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) skills between 3rd-grade science and social studies students at SMA X Soe City, South Central Timor Regency. The total population for this study was 386 students, with a sample of 196 students from SMA X Kota Soe, South Central Timor Regency, determined using the Slovin formula. The sample was further divided into 94 science class students and 104 social studies class students. The Self-Regulated Learning questionnaire comprises 39 question items that have undergone validity testing and have been deemed valid. The questionnaire has a high reliability coefficient of 0.955. Science students exhibit a mean value of 116.4255 for Self-Regulated Learning skills, which is higher than the mean value of social studies students, which is only 107.9510. The data analysis technique employed was Independent Sample T-Test. The results per aspect of Self-Regulated Learning (Motivation, Metacognition, Behavior) suggest that science students outperformed social studies students, indicating a difference in Self-Regulated Learning between the two classes. It can be concluded that the level of Self-Regulated Learning is higher in the science class than in the social studies class.

Linking self-regulated learning to community of inquiry in online undergraduate courses: A person-centered approach

AbstractThe Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework has gained widespread recognition as a theoretical model for understanding student learning in online environments. Despite its prevalence, CoI has been critiqued for its limited emphasis on learners’ proactive roles in self-regulating their own learning. To address this, researchers have suggested integrating self-regulated learning (SRL) into the CoI framework. This integration calls for empirical research to explore the relationship between SRL and the three established CoI presences: teaching, social, and cognitive. Using a person-centered approach, this study examines how varying SRL skills among 750 undergraduate students in an online introductory mathematics course are related to the three CoI components. Latent profile analyses identified five distinct SRL profiles: minimal regulators, low regulators with limited social skills, low regulators, moderate regulators, and competent regulators. We found that students in higher SRL profiles demonstrated higher perception of CoI, whereas those in relatively lower SRL profiles showed lower levels of perceived CoI. Our findings underscore the importance of incorporating self-regulation in the CoI framework for a more comprehensive understanding of online learning.

Navigating the Online Learning Journey by Self-Regulation: Teachers as Learners

Self-regulated learning (SRL) can be defined as the ability of learners to act independently and actively manage their own learning process. This skill becomes especially important in online environments, which allow learners to decide where and how to study. Most research on SRL has focused on students; few studies have addressed teachers’ SRL as learners, and only a handful has done so in the context of online learning. A better understanding of teachers’ SRL is essential since teachers are expected to support the development of their students’ SRL abilities. This study contributes to bridging this gap by examining how online learning patterns reflect the self-regulated learning of teachers as learners in an online professional development (PD) course on nanotechnology. The study applies a mixed methods approach that combines the qualitative analysis of interviews with teacher learners and a personal summary of their learning process represented in four vignettes as well as quantitative log-file analysis to identify teachers’ learning patterns. The patterns identified are interval learning, on-track learning, skipping difficult parts, concentrated learning toward the end of the course (i.e., “bingeing”), and watching together. These patterns indirectly shed light on teachers’ SRL skills, especially their time management and task strategies, demonstrating that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to learning. The study highlights the need for a holistic approach, provides deeper insights into teachers’ learning experiences, and helps design future online PD courses.

Self-Regulated Learning, Online Learning Self-Efficacy, and Satisfaction Among Accounting Matriculation Students in Flipped Learning Environment

This study aims to identify the levels of Self-Regulated Learning (SRL), Online Learning Self-Efficacy (OLSE), and student satisfaction in the Flipped learning environment among Accounting matriculation program students. A total of 415 students participated as respondents in this study. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and t-tests with the SPSS software. The overall analysis indicated that the average minimum scores for SRL among Accounting matriculation students were at a high level. The level of OLSE among Accounting matriculation students was also at a high level. Additionally, the level of student satisfaction among Accounting matriculation students in the Flipped learning environment was high. The t-test results revealed significant differences in the levels of SRL skills and OLSE among Accounting matriculation students in the Flipped learning environment based on students' gender, but no significant differences were found in the level of student satisfaction. Furthermore, the study revealed higher levels of SRL and self-efficacy among male students. Overall, this study emphasizes the need to enhance technology usage and flexibility while recognizing the importance of fostering effective SRL skills and online learning self-efficacy. The findings of this study are expected to provide valuable information, particularly in improving the implementation of Accounting learning in matriculation programs.

Parental involvement in homework to foster self-regulated learning skills: a qualitative study with parents from selected higher quintile schools

Parental involvement in homework to foster self-regulated learning skills: a qualitative study with parents from selected higher quintile schools

Benefits and Challenges of Collaboration between Students and Conversational Generative Artificial Intelligence in Programming Learning: An Empirical Case Study

The utilization of conversational generative artificial intelligence (Gen AI) in learning is often seen as a double-edged sword that may lead to superficial learning. We designed and implemented a programming course focusing on collaboration between students and Gen AI. This study explores the dynamics of such collaboration, focusing on students’ communication strategies with Gen AI, perceived benefits, and challenges encountered. Data were collected from class observations, surveys, final reports, dialogues between students and Gen AI, and semi-structured in-depth interviews. The results showed that effective collaboration between students and Gen AI could enhance students’ meta-cognitive and self-regulated learning skills and positively impact human-to-human communication. This study further revealed the difficulties and individual differences in collaborating with Gen AI on complex learning tasks. Overall, collaborating with Gen AI as a learning partner, rather than just a tool, enables sustainable and independent learning, beyond specific learning tasks at a given time.

Empowering Teachers: Self-Regulated Learning Strategies for Sustainable Professional Development in Initial Teacher Education at Higher Education Institutions

Promoting self-regulated learning (SRL) skills among teachers has emerged as a sustainable professional-learning approach, contributing not only to equip teachers with tools for lifelong learning and professional growth but also to the overall quality of the educational system. Recognising teachers as pivotal agents in this endeavour, this study addresses the under-researched area of promoting SRL skills during initial teacher education at higher education institutions. This study examines factors promoting key SRL strategies among 546 Catalan pre-service teachers. Controlling for students’ sociodemographic information, multiple regression analyses are used to make inferential judgments and test the separate effects of the independent variables. The findings emphasise the importance of maintaining a proactive attitude that does not preclude them from seeking help when needed, as well as equipping pre-service teachers with the ability to identify the required academic resources and to maintain their engagement and motivation for self-directed learning. Through rigorous analysis, this study not only provides valuable insights into the factors shaping SRL skills but also highlights the broader sustainability narrative within education. Moreover, the study advocates equipping pre-service teachers with the skills to identify necessary academic resources, promoting resource efficiency, and fostering a culture of continuous learning and adaptation.

Role of Social and Self-Regulated Learning in School Contexts

Self- and socially regulated learning skills allow students to develop soft skills or competencies to tackle learning tasks. Self-regulated learning skills help students set learning goals, choose learning strategies, monitor their progress, and control their affective and motivational states when working on learning tasks. Socially regulated learning skills help students to use self-regulated learning practices recognizing the reciprocal influence of other people, technology, and environment, creating opportunities for joint regulation of learning. However, it is still not clear how social regulation of learning relates to self-regulated learning. The purpose of this article is to describe the constructs of self- and socially regulated learning, report on the results of recent research studies of their components, introduce a theoretical model of the self- and socially regulated learning, discuss the results of our studies, and identify the areas for future research. The scientific contribution of this article is an attempt to compare the scholarly evidence and theoretical views of Russian and foreign researchers in order to understand the state of research of self- and socially regulated learning in authentic school contexts.

Cerrahi Hastalıkları Hemşireliği Dersinin Klinik Rotasyonuna İlişkin Öğrenci Görüşlerinin Öz Düzenlemeli Öğrenme Becerileri ve Öz-Yeterlik Algılarına Etkisi

Amaç: Cerrahi hastalıkları hemşireliği dersi kapsamında hemşirelik öğrencilerine uygulanan klinik rotasyona ilişkin görüşlerinin öz düzenlemeli öğrenme becerileri ve öz-yeterlik algılarına etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı.
 Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan bu çalışma 115 hemşirelik öğrencisi ile yürütüldü. Veriler Sosyodemografik Özellikler Formu, Klinik Rotasyon Uygulamalarına İlişkin Görüş Formu, Öz Düzenlemeli Öğrenme Ölçeği ve Klinik Performansta Öz-Yeterlik Ölçeği ile toplandı. Verilerin analizinde ortalama, standart sapma, sayı ve yüzdelik değerlendirildi. Student’s t, Mann Whitney U ve one way ANOVA testi uygulandı.
 Bulgular: Öğrencilerin 4.32±0.7 önem düzeyi ile en fazla rotasyon yapılan alanda birlikte çalıştığı sağlık çalışanı ve öğretim elemanının motivasyonunu etkilediği belirlendi. Rotasyona ilişkin olumlu görüşü olan öğrencilerin; öz düzenlemeli, ölçek alt boyutlarından motivasyon ve öğrenme sentezleri alt boyutu, klinik performansta öz-yeterlik ölçeği puan ortalaması rotasyona ilişkin görüşü olumsuz olan öğrencilerden daha yüksek olduğu ve puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu bulundu (p

“How is social media used for learning?”: relationships between social media use by medical students with their self-regulated learning skills

BackgroundSocial media is widely used by medical students, including for learning purposes since it facilitates their involvement in the communities of inquiry where they can share, express, and engage in the development of knowledge. Navigating the use of social media requires self-regulated learning (SRL) skills. Hence, studies on the relationships between social media use and SRL skills are necessary.AimThis study aims to investigate the relationships between social media use and students’ SRL skills.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using two validated questionnaires: the Social Networking Sites for Medical Education questionnaire (SNSME, 19 items) and the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ, 81 items). Cross-cultural adaptation and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were also completed for the SNSME questionnaire, followed by descriptive and bivariate analysis.Results and discussionThe SNSME questionnaire is valid for use in the current setting and consists of three subscales: (1) attitudes towards the use of social media for learning and knowledge development, (2) the use of social media for information sharing and interaction, and (3) the use of social media for knowledge development and research. Among 1,122 respondents, male students presented lower scores than female students in the total score of social media for learning (80 vs. 82, p 0.007), and public medical students showed higher scores in terms of attitudes towards the use of social media for learning and knowledge development compared to private medical students (83 vs. 81, p 0.007). The differences in SRL scores for different education stages and among students from public and private medical schools were statistically significant (426 vs. 418, p 0.003, and 436 vs. 418, p < 0.001, respectively). Levels of correlation between social media use and SRL scores were low to moderate (R 0.195–0.462, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe adapted SNSME questionnaire in the current setting is valid and the use of social media for learning is influenced by gender and the learning environment. This study highlights the importance of supporting students in using social media for learning purposes as well as using social media as a means to increase their SRL skills.

EXPLORING THE ROLES OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND SELF-REGULATED LEARNING DURING ONLINE LEARNING

Emotional intelligence (EI) and self-regulated learning (SRL) skills are two essential skills for student learning. Empirical students have shown that these two skills have impact on students achievement. However, their collective effects in online learning environment was not clear. This study, using a scoping review, to select literature on these areas to map out the keywords in order to understand how EI, SRL and online learning are related. The results show that EI and SRL are intertwined and could affect the academic achievement of online students. This finding is helpful to academic staff who need to deliver online courses as they need to know how to use EI to help online students better managed their emotion and self-regulate their learning. Policy-makers of institutions would also benefit from this study as they plan the training programme for the academic staffs.

Empowering ChatGPT with guidance mechanism in blended learning: effect of self-regulated learning, higher-order thinking skills, and knowledge construction

In the evolving landscape of higher education, challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic have underscored the necessity for innovative teaching methodologies. These challenges have catalyzed the integration of technology into education, particularly in blended learning environments, to bolster self-regulated learning (SRL) and higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). However, increased autonomy in blended learning can lead to learning disruptions if issues are not promptly addressed. In this context, OpenAI's ChatGPT, known for its extensive knowledge base and immediate feedback capability, emerges as a significant educational resource. Nonetheless, there are concerns that students might become excessively dependent on such tools, potentially hindering their development of HOTS. To address these concerns, this study introduces the Guidance-based ChatGPT-assisted Learning Aid (GCLA). This approach modifies the use of ChatGPT in educational settings by encouraging students to attempt problem-solving independently before seeking ChatGPT assistance. When engaged, the GCLA provides guidance through hints rather than direct answers, fostering an environment conducive to the development of SRL and HOTS. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was employed to examine the impact of the GCLA compared to traditional ChatGPT use in a foundational chemistry course within a blended learning setting. This study involved 61 undergraduate students from a university in Taiwan. The findings reveal that the GCLA enhances SRL, HOTS, and knowledge construction compared to traditional ChatGPT use. These results directly align with the research objective to improve learning outcomes through providing guidance rather than answers by ChatGPT. In conclusion, the introduction of the GCLA has not only facilitated more effective learning experiences in blended learning environments but also ensured that students engage more actively in their educational journey. The implications of this study highlight the potential of ChatGPT-based tools in enhancing the quality of higher education, particularly in fostering essential skills such as self-regulation and HOTS. Furthermore, this research offers insights regarding the more effective use of ChatGPT in education.

Critical factors affecting student satisfaction in a distance learning environment

Abstract Student satisfaction plays a crucial role in assessing the effectiveness of distance education programmes. This is very important for the instructional design in higher education institutes and for educational decision-making and policy. The main purpose of the present study was to examine some key processes that affect learning in a distance education environment and how these influence student satisfaction. The study was conducted in the Hellenic Open University (HOU) through quantitative research involving students from three postgraduate programmes. The main variables examined were internet self-efficacy, student–student and student–tutor interaction, self-regulated learning skills of students and the satisfaction that they receive from participating in distance-learning courses. The results indicated that relatively high levels of these variables were observed, with the exemption of student–student interaction. The correlation coefficients amongst variables were all positive and statistically significant, but were small to moderate. Regarding the effect of demographic parameters, learner–tutor interaction is influenced by the number of modules completed by students, and satisfaction varies significantly between unemployed students and those who are full-time employees. Finally, a logistic regression model was developed with satisfaction as the dependent variable. Self-regulated learning and student–tutor interaction were identified as the main predictors of student satisfaction.

Inspiring self-regulated learning in everyday classrooms: teachers’ professional competences and promotion of self-regulated learning

AbstractToday’s success metrics extend beyond traditional literacy and numeracy to encompass strategic learning with a growth mindset, equipping individuals with the attitude and skills to navigate and surmount new challenges. In a digital era, where information is readily available and knowledge constantly evolves, the value placed on learners is not merely based on their current knowledge but on their courage and capability to continually engage cognitive, metacognitive, motivational, social, and emotional resources for lifelong learning. In this dynamic landscape, self-regulated learning (SRL) skills are crucial, empowering students of all ages to take control of their learning journey. SRL, the goal-directed process of monitoring and regulating one’s learning activities, has been shown to significantly influence academic outcomes. Although teachers acknowledge SRL’s relevance, it remains underrepresented in everyday teaching practices, impacting not just student learning but also the training and experiences of preservice teachers in the classroom. This gap perpetuates misconceptions about SRL and hinders its integration into educational settings. Therefore, this special issue first introduces the INSPIRE model of teachers’ multiple roles as instructors, navigators, strategists, promoters, innovators, role models, and encouragers in supporting students to become self-regulated learners and describes teachers’ professional competences to fulfil these roles. Second, it dedicates four articles to exploring teachers’ professional competences in SRL and its promotion in everyday school. The articles address particular aspects of the INSPIRE model and highlight the importance of teachers equipped with the necessary training and competences to guide students in becoming self-regulated learners. Linking the research areas of teachers’ professional competences in SRL and teachers’ promotion of SRL in the classroom this special issue offers a comprehensive approach to SRL in everyday school and opens up perspectives for the transfer into practice.

Online learners’ self-regulated learning skills regarding LMS interactions: a profiling study

This profiling study deals with the self-regulated learning skills of online learners based on their interaction behaviors on the learning management system. The learners were profiled through their interaction behaviors via cluster analysis. Following a correlational model with the interaction data of learners, the post-test questionnaire data were used to determine self-regulated learning skills scores during the learning process. Regarding the scores, the clusters were named through the prominent interactions of the learners yielding three clusters; actively engaged (Cluster1), assessment-oriented (Cluster2), and passively-oriented (Cluster3), respectively. The profiles in the clusters indicate that assessments were mostly used by the learners in Cluster2, while the frequency of the content tools was high in Cluster1. Surprisingly, some tools such as glossary, survey, and chat did not play a prominent role in discriminating the clusters. Suggestions for future implementations of self-regulated learning and effective online learning in learning management systems are also included.

The impact of a Personal Learning Environment on Chinese postgraduates’ online self-regulated learning skills / Impacto de un Entorno Personal de Aprendizaje en las aptitudes de aprendizaje autorregulado en línea de estudiantes de posgrado en China

This study investigated the impact of Personal Learning Environments (PLE) on the development of self-regulated learning (SRL) skills among postgraduate learners in China. 213 participants, divided into an experimental group ( n = 113) using a researcher-designed PLE platform and a control group ( n = 100) employing face-to-face instruction, joined a course on International English Language Testing Systems (IELTS). A mixed-methods approach was adopted, utilizing the Online Self-Regulated Learning Questionnaire (OSLQ) to explore SRL experiences, and weekly goal-achievement reports. Results demonstrated improvement in SRL skills in both groups, with the experimental group exhibiting significantly greater gains. Quantitative and qualitative results revealed that participants excelled in goal fulfillment but struggled with time management, help-seeking and self-evaluation skills. The study confirmed the positive influence of the PLE on postgraduates’ SRL skills, with implications for online learning design and the potential for PLEs to effectively promote SRL skills in online learning contexts.

A Retrospective Study of the Online Self-Regulated Learning Skills of Occupational Therapy Students Enrolled in a Full Online Curriculum at the University of Santo Tomas amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic

A Retrospective Study of the Online Self-Regulated Learning Skills of Occupational Therapy Students Enrolled in a Full Online Curriculum at the University of Santo Tomas amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic

The Effect of a Training Program Based on Habits of Mind on Enhancing the Level of Self-regulated Learning Skills for Basic Tenth Grade Students in Jordan

This study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of a training program based on habits of mind on enhancing self-regulated learning skills for basic tenth grade students in Jordan. The study adopted semi experimental methodology. The sample of the study consisted of (80) students ( boys &amp; girls) from the basic tenth grade in Jordan, they were selected and distributed randomly into two groups: the control group which consisted of (40) students and the experimental group which consisted of (40) students, To achieve study goals a scale that measures self-regulated learning skills was developed, and testing the scale confirmed its validity and reliability, the results of the study showed that there were a statistically significant differences between groups in the post applying of self-regulated learning skills scale in favor of the experimental group. The results also showed no significant differences between sexes in the experimental group, the study recommended provide school subjects with habits of mind activities which enhance using these habits by students.