Self-Perception Scale Research Articles

The Effect of Touch and Massage Techniques Applied to Children on Parental Role Perception and Perceived Stress

Aim: The study examined the effects of tactile and massage techniques on the occupational therapist’s perspective on the role perception and stress levels of parents and the changes in children’s sensory processing. Method: A total of 30 children, (18 females and 12 males), aged 3-6, with normal development, and their parents were included in the study. A diverse community sample of mothers (M=33.6±5.521 years) and their preschool-aged children (M=4.5±1.2 years) participated in the study. The following instruments were employed: Parental Stress Index, Self-Perception Scale for Parenting Role, and Sensory Profile Test. Parents were instructed in a number of touch and massage techniques devised by the Occupational Therapist within the framework of Sensory Integration Theory. Following the 15-minute and 20-session implementation period, the parents were then tested. After the sessions were completed, the tests were repeated. Results: The findings indicated that at the end of the study, there was a decrease in parental stress levels, and an increase in parental role perception and children's sensory processing skills (p <0.05). The study demonstrated that touch and massage techniques can positively impact parent-child interaction. Conclusion: Studies examining the potential enduring effects of positive parental touch on stress levels and parental role perception rarely extend beyond infancy. It is believed that research with a larger sample size on this topic would contribute significantly to the existing literature.

A Model for Explaining Digital Addiction in Adolescents: The Role of Self-Perception, Social-Emotional Learning, Adolescent-Parent Relationship and Peer Relationships

Objective: This study was aimed at examining the levels of digital addiction in adolescents with a regression model created with self-perception, adolescent-parent relationships, peer relationships, and social-emotional learning (SEL) skills. 
 Method: The participants consisted of 504 high school students. The data were obtained through the Personal Information Form, the Digital Addiction Scale, the Adolescent-Parent Relationships Scale, the Friendship Quality Scale, the Self-Perception Scale, and the Social and Emotional Learning Scale. 
 Results: Self-perception, adolescent-parent relationship, and SEL skills were significant predictors of adolescents' digital addiction levels, while the peer relationships was not. Additionally, the regression model explains approximately 27% of the total variance of digital addiction in adolescents.
 Conclusion: The ability of digital platforms to compensate for negative self-perception during adolescence, coupled with inadequate SEL skills, may hinder adolescents from forming satisfying real relationships with themselves and their environment, ultimately increasing their levels of digital addiction. In families without satisfying relationships with parents where there is no positive, warm, supportive, and safe climate, this may cause digital addiction in adolescents.

2022 SONQO-CALCHAQUÍ Program: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Variables in a Mid- and High Mountain Calchaquí Population of Tucumán

Background: The community of Quilmes (Tucumán) encompasses 2400 mid- and high mountain inhabitants (1800 to 4000 meters above sea level). In 2018, a study was carried out on their cardiovascular health status (2018 SONQO-CALCHAQUÍ Program). Objective: The aim of this study is to update and expand the survey carried out in 2018, to obtain a broader panorama of the cardiovascular health of this community. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the Quilmes community, in people who voluntarily attended specially established clinics in September 2022. Questionnaires, laboratory tests, ECG, echocardiogram, anthropometric measurements, muscular resistance and strength tests were carried out. Results: A total of 186 patients (119 women and 67 men) aged 45.0±1.3 years attended the study. The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension 17.8%, smoking 14.1%, diabetes 4.9% and dyslipidemia 30.6%) was acceptable, but a high proportion of cases had not been examined in the last year. The diet consisted mainly of flour products, with little fresh fruit and vegetables. The prevalence of overweight (34.3%) and obesity (35.4%) was high. Forty percent of respondents had secondary or higher education. Good quality of life (69.5±1.1% of the maximum possible value of satisfaction on the self-perception scale) was reported. The Minimental Test average was 15.7±0.2 points. Prehensile strength in 55.8% of cases was below the normal range. Conclusions: The Quilmes population presents an acceptable physical condition, but with a high rate of overweight and obesity, due to the diet, a condition that should be considered in future health programs.

Design and validation of a self-perception scale of basic knowledge about telehealth and digital skills for students in the area of Health Sciences

Introduction: the characteristics of telehealth and telemedicine pose a challenge for its successful insertion into the professional training curriculum in the areas of health. To date, no research has been carried out that addresses the integration of telehealth and telemedicine in the academic curriculum of Chilean universities.Objective: design an instrument that allows measuring the self-perception of students in the area of health sciences in relation to their level of knowledge of basic aspects of telehealth and digital skills.Method: a 12-item instrument was designed with a Likert scale from 0 to 7, made up of two dimensions: Basic elements associated with telehealth (7 items) and skills associated with the use of technologies (5 items). It was applied to 308 students from five Chilean universities in the area of health sciences, the sample was intentional non-probabilistic.Results: a Cronbach's Alpha of 0,9035 was obtained for dimension 1 and 0,9729 for dimension 2. The factor analysis confirmed the existence of the two proposed dimensions.Conclusions: the instrument designed allows us to measure the perceived level of health sciences students in relation to the basic elements associated with telehealth and the skills for using technologies

Effects of attending to a 12-week structured physical activity program on fitness and self-perception levels of obese primary schoolchildren

Introduction: Childhood obesity is a major health problem especially for schoolchildren both physically and mentally. The study was conducted to assess the effects of the structured physical activity (PA) program on the physical fitness (PF) and self-perception levels of obese schoolchildren. Materials and Methods: A total of 67 students aged 9-11 were recruited and the experimental group (n = 27) was attended to exercises once per week for 60 mins for 12 weeks. Self-perception Scale for Children and PF tests were applied as pre- and post-tests. Results: 12-week PA sessions improved obese schoolchildren’s self-perception levels in general self-worth, athletic competence, and social competence subdimensions. Fitness levels were also improved. Body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (PBF) were affected positively and the increase in experimental group’s BMI and PBF were minimal when compared to the obese (n = 20) and non-obese controls (n = 20). Aerobic fitness and muscular endurance components were significantly improved better than obese and non-obese controls. Conclusions: It was found that attending 12-week PA sessions improved obese schoolchildren’s PF and self-perception components. As a result, it is recommended that the time allocated for PA sessions in schools should be increased and attendance of the obese schoolchildren to PA should be promoted.

The Investigation of Maternal Perception, Body Perception, Distress Level and Fear of Chilbirth in Maternal Obesity Pregnancy

Purpose: In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between maternal obesity and maternal perception, body perception, distress level and fear of childbirth in pregnant women. 
 Methods: The data of this descriptive-correlational study were obtained by Self-perception Scale of Pregnant Women (SSPW), Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale (TGSS), and The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire A Version (W-DEQ/ A Version).
 Results: 54.1% of pregnant women were obese according to BMI. 89.6% of the pregnant women reported that they paid attention to adequate and balanced nutrition during pregnancy, and 21.6% of them did regular exercise during pregnancy. A statistically significant difference was found between the presence of obesity in pregnant women and the median score of the Tillburg Pregnancy Distress Scale (p=0,004). There was a significant, positive and low correlation between the median BMI score of the pregnant women and the SSPW (rs=0.146, p=0.017) and the median body perception score (rs=0.158, p=0.010). 
 Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference between the presence of obesity in pregnant women and SSPW, maternal perception, body perception, presence of distress and fear of childbirth. Health care professionals should plan pregnancy, regulate weight gain during pregnancy, and provide nutrition and exercise training for women in the risk group. In Maternal obesity pregnancy, risk factors should be identified at an early stage and a multidisciplinary approach should be followed.

Empathy Levels, Self-Perceptions, and Play Interactions of Children Aged 60-72 Months in the Preschool Period

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between empathy levels, self-perceptions, and interactive play skills with peers in children during the preschool period. The study utilized a quantitative research design, specifically employing a correlational survey model. A total of 128 children attending educational institutions in the Uskudar district of Istanbul, Turkey, were included in the study. The participants were selected using the convenience sampling method. The data collection instruments used in the study were the "Demographic Information Form," "Empathy Scale for Children," "Purdue Self-Concept Scale for Preschool Children," and the " Penn Interactive Peer- Playing Scale-Teacher Form". The study's results revealed a moderate positive correlation between children's empathy skill levels and play interactions. Additionally, a moderate negative correlation was found between empathy skill levels and disengagement from play. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between the sub-dimension of maternal acceptance, which is one of the components of the self-perception scale, and play interactions, while a negative correlation was identified between scores related to play disruption and disengagement. However, no significant relationship was found between the other sub-dimensions of the self-perception scale, namely social, academic, and physical competence, and play skills.

Examining The Effect of Interactive Book Reading Method on The Self-Perception of 5-6 Year-Old Children

This study examined the effect of the interactive book reading method on the self-perception of children aged 5-6 years. The study group consists of 26 children aged 5-6 years studying in two schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education in the Geyve district of Sakarya province in the 2021-2022 academic year. A quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group was used in the study. The experimental group read 10 books twice for eight weeks with the interactive book reading method. No intervention was made for the children in the control group. Demoulin Self-Perception Scale for Children and Personal Information Form, were used as data collection tools. The data obtained from the pre-test and post-test applications were analyzed using SPSS 20 package program. According to the study results, a significant difference was found in the self-perception post-test scores of the children in the experimental and control groups in favor of the experimental group. In addition, the difference in the achievement levels of the children in the experimental group was found to be significant. According to these results, it can be said that the interactive book reading method has a positive effect on the self-perception of 5–6-year-old children.

Theoretical and methodological foundation of a self-perception scale on personal competencies and the cardinal virtues. An exploratory and pilot study

ABSTRACT The cardinal virtues (prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance) have relevance within the areas of character education and integral or comprehensive formation. In recent years, there has been growing interest and a great deal of literature produced on character education and its measurement. In this paper, we propose a questionnaire (a Likert-type self-report scale of 22 items), the QCV, designed to measure competencies associated with the cardinal virtues. The theoretical foundation of the questionnaire lies in the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition in dialogue with positive psychology. The paper also offers a review of the literature on the measurement of virtue and the principal instruments currently used to measure the cardinal virtues. The results of a preliminary application of the QCV with a sample of 325 university students indicate that the questionnaire, written in Spanish and conducted in Madrid, has good psychometric properties.

İlkokul Öğrencilerinin Okur Benlik Algısı ve Okuduğunu Anlama Becerileri Arasındaki İlişki

Reader self-perception, that is one of the basic elements of the reading motivation, is a notion how many to find adequate oneself as a reader. To know the students' reading self-perception levels at primary school is essential to develop reading comprehension skill. This study aimed to ascertain the relationship between primary school students’ reader self-perception and their reading comprehension skills. The study was conducted in line with the correlational survey model. The sample group consisted of a total of 382 students, 194 girls and 188 boys, studying in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th grades of a public school. As a data collection tool in the research; The "Reading Comprehension Test", which was prepared separately according to the grade levels, was used to measure the reading comprehension skills of the students, and the "Reader Self-Perception Scale" was used to determine the students' perceptions of reading. T-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient were used in the analysis of the data.The results showed that female students’ reader self-perception levels were higher than those of male students, and that the fourth-grade students had the highest reader self-perception level, when the grade levels were compared. In addition, a weak, positive, and significant correlation was found between primary school students’ reader self-perception levels and their reading comprehension skills. Based on the results of the study, some suggestions are presented.

An Investigation of Adolescents' Social Media Use and Self-Perceptions in the Framework of Peer Bullying

The study aims to examine the effect of peer bullying that adolescents are exposed to on their self-perceptions and social media use. The present study that included 198 participants was planned descriptive, relational and cross-sectional. In addition to the personal information form, Adolescent Social Media Use Scale, Child-Adolescent Bullying Scale-9 Short Form and Social Comparison Scale were used to collect the data. SPPS 22.0 package program was used in the analysis of the data. Descriptive data of the research are given with mean and frequency. To analyse the data One-Way ANOVA, t-test, and Bivariate Correlation were used. The mean age of the adolescents included in the study was determined as 15.32 ± 1.03. It was determined that 50% of the participants were men, 79.8% were living in nuclear families and 17.2% were individuals who felt psychologically bad. Besides, it was revealed that the mean score of the adolescents' self-perception scale was 81.96 ± 14.3, the mean score of peer bullying was 19.46 ± 8.39, and the mean score of the adolescent social media scale use was 18.15 ± 6.68. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that there is a strong and significant relationship between the adolescents' exposure to peer bullying, their self-perceptions, and their use of social media. It has been determined that exposure to peer bullying negatively affects adolescents' self-perceptions and may cause addiction to social media use.

PERSEPSI DIRI DALAM MEMBACA PADA PEMELAJAR BAHASA INGGRIS DI PERGURUAN TINGGI

Viewed from the theoretical and practical point of view, students’ self-perceptions on reading comprehension aspects can be used as a reference for pedagogical practices which can overcome the problems in understanding reading English texts. Referring to the importance of knowing the aspects of English learners in reading, this study identifies and analyzes the self-perceptions of English learners in reading. As the main data, scores on the self-perception scale in reading were collected from a self-perception survey using the Reader Self-Perception Scale (RSPS) questionnaire. The main data in the form of four aspects of self-perception, namely progress (P), observational comparison (OC), social feedback (SF), and physiological state (PS) were analyzed qualitatively to determine the level of each aspect/dimension of self-perception studied. This study found that the progress aspect was in a low category, while the other three aspects, namely observational comparison, social feedback, and physiological state were in the medium category. Based on these results, it is hoped that the level of reading self-perception of English language learners in higher education in this context can be improved, one of which is the presence of pedagogical and psychological support that can give a positive effect on self-efficacy assessments in reading.

113 Shut Up & Write! to Build Writing Self-Efficacy and Self-Regulation in Early-Career Researchers

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Writing self-efficacy & self-regulation are tied to publication & grant submission” writers high in these traits are more productive. We investigated if participating in Shut Up & Write! would produce statistically significant gains in self-efficacy & self-regulation when comparing pre/post surveys. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: 47 US med students, TL1/KL2, & early-career faculty expressed interest in participating. We conducted a 12-week, 1 hr/week Shut Up & Write!-style (SUAW) activity, held on Zoom, and measured the effect using a pre-post survey adapted from the Writer Self-Perception Scale. Matched pairs t-tests (I2=0.05) to test for significant differences between pre- and post-test means were conducted on 3 subscales. The 3 subscales reflected writing attitudes (self-efficacy), writing strategies (self-regulation), and avoiding writing distractions (self-regulation). Subscales showed acceptable internal consistency with Cronbach’s alphas of 0.80, 0.71, and 0.72. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: 24/37 (65%) completed pre-post surveys. 81% presented as female. 60% were NIH-defined URB and/or were from MSIs. 60% previously participated in an activity similar to SUAW. Sum scale statistics for those who previously participated were significant for the self-efficacy subscale (p=0.020) and writing strategies subscale (p=0.041). Sum scale statistics for those who had not previously participated were significant for the writing strategies subscale (p=0.002). We saw no difference in the avoiding writing distractions subscale. 80% were very satisfied/satisfied with SUAW (I really loved these sessions” they helped me to identify a writing goal that could actually be accomplished in an hour.) DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: We found significant differences in self-efficacy & self-regulation, building upon findings from a 2021 pilot, and providing evidence that regular participation in an activity like SUAW produces increased self-efficacy and self-regulation and may increase manuscript and grant-writing productivity

Design, reliability and validity of a self-perception scale of success for collaborators of medium-sized companies in Mexico

El estudio de la autopercepción del éxito, como aquella sensación de bienestar personal, laboral, económico o emocional que una persona experimenta a partir del logro de propósitos alcanzados, en actividades que le apasionan, ha sido objeto de estudio en deportistas, gerentes y empresarios, dejando al margen al colaborador; sobre quien realmente depende, en el día a día, el desarrollo de las organizaciones. El propósito de esta investigación fue explorar la confiabilidad y validez de la escala de autopercepción de éxito para colaboradores de organizaciones medianas mexicanas. Se utilizó una escala de inicial de nueve ítems y se aplicó a muestra de 225 trabajadores pertenecientes a seis empresas medianas en México. El análisis de fiabilidad, indicó que la escala cuenta con una consistencia interna adecuada. Los análisis factoriales exploratorio y confirmatorio, permitieron identificar una estructura factorial especificando ítems con cargas estimadas más elevadas. La versión final del instrumento presenta una confiabilidad y validez adecuada para valorar la autopercepción de éxito.

The effects of dyadic coping strategies and dyadic conflict resolution styles on postpartum depression of mothers in heterosexual marriages in Turkey.

The authors of this study aimed to determine the effects of coping strategies and conflict resolution styles on postpartum depression in heterosexual mothers in the postpartum period in Turkey. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with 369 mothers with babies aged 1-12 months. The study was carried out between October 1, 2021, and December 1, 2021, in the pediatric outpatient clinic of the Medical Faculty Hospital of a province in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey. Seventy-four (20.1%) mothers had scores above the depression scale cu-off point (>13). Having problems in marriage, getting a low score on the spouse's self-perception scale of dyadic coping with stress, and having negative, nonsubmissive, and retreating conflict resolution styles were found to be important factors associated with postpartum depression (p < .05). The incidence of postpartum depression was found to be associated with having problems in the marriage, not having good dyadic coping strategies, and having negative conflict resolution styles.

Shut Up & Write!® builds writing self-efficacy and self-regulation in early-career researchers.

High writing self-efficacy and self-regulation are tied to publication and grant submission. Writers with these attributes are more productive. We investigated whether participating in a Shut Up & Write!®-style intervention (SUAW) would produce statistically significant gains in writing self-efficacy and self-regulation when comparing pre-post-participation surveys. Forty-seven medical students, TL1/KL2, and early-career faculty from across the USA expressed interest in participating, with 37 completing the pre-survey. We conducted (on Zoom) a 12-week SUAW series and measured the effect using a pre-post survey adapted from the Writer Self-Perception Scale. Paired t-tests (α = 0.05) were conducted on three subscales to test for significant differences between pre- and post-test means. The subscales reflected writing attitudes, writing strategies, and avoiding writing distractions. Subscales showed acceptable internal consistency with Cronbach's alphas of 0.80, 0.71, and 0.72, respectively. Twenty-seven participants attended at least one session. Of these, 81% presented as female, and 60% were from NIH-defined Underrepresented Backgrounds and/or were from Minority-Serving Institutions. Twenty-four completed both the pre- and post-surveys. Sixty percent previously participated in an activity similar to SUAW. We found significant improvements in writing attitudes (p = 0.020) and writing strategies (p = 0.041) for those who previously participated. For those who had not previously participated, we found improved writing strategies (p = 0.002). Eighty percent were very satisfied/satisfied with SUAW. Researchers have tied writing self-efficacy and self-regulation to timely publication and grant submission. We found significant gains in self-efficacy and self-regulation, suggesting that participation in a SUAW-style intervention may increase writing productivity.

Investigation of the Relationship Between Self-Perceptions of Fine Arts High School Students Towards Their Instruments and Their Music Performance Anxiety

In the study, it was aimed to examine Fine Arts High School (FAHS) students’ self-perceptions for their musical instruments and their music performance anxiety according to some variables. Also it was aimed to reveal the relationship between their self-perceptions for musical instrument and music performance anxiety. The sample of the research consisted of 273 music department students studying at Malatya Abdulkadir Eriş FAHS, Konya Çimento FAHS, Balıkesir T.C. Ziraat Bankası FAHS and Ayvalık Sebahat-Cihan Şişman FAHS. The data for the research were obtained by using the "Self-Perception Scale for A Musical Instrument" and the "Kenny Musical Performance Anxiety Scale". As a result of the study, it was determined that Ayvalık Sebahat-Cihan Şişman FAHS students had lower music performance anxiety than students of other schools. It was concluded that female students experienced more anxiety than male students. In addition, it was determined that as the duration of education increased, the level of self-perception for the musical instrument increased. A statistically significant negative weak correlation was found between self-perception for the musical instrument and musical performance anxiety values. In other words, it was concluded that as the students' self-perceptions for their musical instruments increased, their music performance anxiety decreased.

Influence of Gamification and Cooperative Work in Peer, Mixed and Interdisciplinary Teams on Emotional Intelligence, Learning Strategies and Life Goals That Motivate University Students to Study.

It is necessary to motivate university students to reduce the dropout rate in Spain, and to look for strategies that help university students acquire professional competencies; this is where gamification can be useful. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of a learning methodology based on gamification and cooperative work in peers, and in mixed and interdisciplinary teams on the emotional intelligence, learning strategies, and life goals that motivate university students to learn. The sample consisted of 102 students who took a subject with a gamification-based methodology, through the Mechanics-Dynamics-Aesthetics model, in a cooperative way. The Self-Perception Scale of Personal Academic Motivation and the Trait Meta Mood Scale 24 were used. The results of the study showed an increase in learning strategies and life goals that motivated university students to study, as well as increases in emotional clarity and significantly in emotional repair. It was concluded that gamification is a positive tool for its ability to increase emotional intelligence, life goals, and learning strategies in university students' motivation to learn.

The Relationship Between Reading Self-Efficacy and Perceived Use of Reading Strategies Among Saudi EFL Students

This study aimed to explore the relationship between reading self-efficacy and perceived use of reading strategies among Saudi EFL senior high school female students. With a correlational research design, the study data were collected by administrating two questionnaires: The Reader Self-Perception Scale (RSPS) questionnaire adapted from Henk &amp; Melnick (1995), and the Survey of Reading Strategies (SORS) adapted from Li &amp; Wang (2010). The two instruments were administrated to 90 Saudi senior high school female students randomly selected from three different public schools in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and EFL learners’ perceived use of reading strategies. The study findings revealed how Saudi senior high school students possessed more low and moderate levels than high levels of reading self-efficacy, and that metacognitive processes were the most frequently used strategies among cognitive and compensation strategies. In addition, a positive relationship between students’ reading self-efficacy and perceived use of reading strategies was detected. Pedagogical implications of the study findings and its recommendations were presented and discussed.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN SELF-PERCEPTION AND SOCIAL SKILL OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Present study has explored self-perception and social skill of secondary school Students. A representative sample of 100 students of Sonepat districts was randomly selected. Self-Perception scale by Dr.K.G.Agarwal and Dr. vishal Shood and Dr. Arti Shood’ Social skills scale was used for measuring self-perception and social skills of secondary school students. Mean,‘t’ test and ‘r’ were used as statistical techniques to analysed the data. The result indicates that self-perception and social skills have significant difference on self-perception. KEY WORDS: Self-Perception, Social Skill, secondary school students