Self-perceived Need For Dental Treatment Research Articles

Family Cohesion Is Associated with the Self-Perceived Need for Dental Treatment among Adolescents.

This study explored the association between family cohesion and self-perceived need for dental treatment among adolescents. A school-based representative cross-sectional study was conducted with 746 students aged 15 to 19 randomly selected from schools in Campina Grande, Brazil. Parents/guardians provided information on sociodemographic data, and students completed questionnaires about the self-perceived need for dental treatment, dental pain, and family cohesion and adaptability (FACES III). Two dentists were trained (kappa >0.80) to diagnosis dental caries using the Nyvad criteria and assess adolescents' level of functional oral health literacy (BREALD-30). Descriptive analysis was performed, followed by nonadjusted and adjusted robust binary logistic regression for complex samples (α = 5%). The prevalence of self-perceived need for dental treatment was 88.6%. The presence of dental caries (OR = 2.10; IC 95%: 1.22–3.61), tooth loss (OR = 15.81; IC 95%: 2.14–116.56), dental pain in the last six months (OR = 1.87; IC 95%: 1.06–3.31), and enmeshed family cohesion type (OR = 10.23; IC 95%: 3.96–26.4) remained associated with the self-perceived need for dental treatment in the final model. In conclusion, dental caries, dental pain, tooth loss, and family cohesion influenced the self-perceived need for dental treatment in adolescents.

Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on behavioural and psychosocial factors related to oral health in adolescents: A cohort study.

BackgroundThe impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on behavioural and psychosocial aspects related to oral health is unknown.AimThis study evaluated the psychosocial and behavioural changes related to oral health in adolescents immediately before and during the pandemic period of COVID‐19, enabling a longitudinal assessment of the perceived changes.DesignThis cohort study evaluated 290 adolescents from November 2019 to February 2020 (T1—before the pandemic in Brazil) and from June to July 2020 (T2) in southern Brazil. Sociodemographic, behavioural, and psychosocial variables were measured before and during the pandemic. Issues related to social distancing and job loss were also collected. The differences between the variables in T1 and T2, as well as the effect of social distancing, were assessed using a multilevel‐adjusted logistic regression model for repeated measures.ResultsA total of 207 adolescents were re‐evaluated at T2 (a response rate of 71.3%). During the pandemic, the frequency of toothbrushing, the use of dental services, and the self‐perceived need for dental treatment significantly decreased. Sugar consumption, bruxism, and quality of sleep did not change significantly.ConclusionBehavioural and psychosocial factors showed significant changes due to the COVID‐19 pandemic in adolescents.

Self-perceived dental treatment need among adolescents: A hierarchical analysis.

The aim of the present study was to analyse the factors associated with self-perceived need for dental treatment among adolescents. A representative sample in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, comprising 5558 adolescents, was evaluated in 2015. The adolescents were selected by probabilistic sampling by conglomerates in two stages. The outcome evaluated was self-perceived treatment need measured via a validated questionnaire. Independent variables included sociodemographic factors, type, frequency and reason for last dental visit, and examination of oral conditions. Statistical analysis was based on the multiple hierarchical logistic regression model. Of the total sample, 3340 (62.6%) adolescents reported needing dental treatment. After fitting the model, the self-perceived need for treatment was associated with adolescents with family income of up to $1,500 BRL (OR 1.39; [95% CI=1.20-1.60]; P<.001), who sought dental services solely for curative treatment (OR 1.58; [95% CI=1.46-1.72]; P<.001), reported toothaches in the previous six months (OR 2.88; [95% CI=2.53-3.28]; P<.001), were dissatisfied with the appearance of their teeth and mouth (OR 5.94; [95% CI=5.03-7.01]; P<.001), had caries in the posterior teeth only (OR 3.04; [95% CI=2.77-3.33]; P<.001) or had caries in the anterior teeth (OR 4.75; [95% CI=4.05-5.56]; P<.001). The self-perceived need for dental treatment among Brazilian adolescents was associated with normative and subjective needs, and sociodemographic context factors. This finding provides important evidence for collective health planning.

Validity of Self-perceived and Clinically Diagnosed Gingival Status among 12-15-year-old Children in Indonesia.

A few studies have revealed the self-perceived gingival status using questionnaires among children. Perceived health is a crucial factor that has an impact on quality of life. The objective of the study was to assess self-perceived and clinically diagnosed gingival status among children in Indonesia. This was a cross-sectional study of 494 schoolchildren (aged 12–15 years). Periodontal status was recorded using the gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI) based on the World Health Organization standards. Data were collected through a brief visual, non-invasive clinical oral examination and a self-administered questionnaire. The sensitivity and specificity of self-perceived assessment were calculated using normative assessment as the gold standard. This study showed that self-perceived need for dental treatment showed the highest sensitivity (86% using PI and 85% using GI) and self-perceived swollen gums showed the highest specificity (89% using PI and 88% using GI) for clinically diagnosed plaque (PI cut-off value: 0.74) and gingival problems (GI cut-off value: 0.51). In conclusion, both self-perceived variables showed significant discordance between their respective sensitivity and specificity. Self-perceived information is at a higher-level unawareness that does not reflect the current gingival status. Thus, public health strategies are needed to improve the awareness of better oral health among children by promoting, empowering, and advocating.

Patients' and Parents' Valuation of Fluoride.

This study aimed to elicit willingness to pay (WTP) values for fluoride varnish application from participants using the publically-funded health services in Brazil and the UK, and to identify differences in the variables impacting these values. A secondary aim was to compare WTP values from parents for their own preventive treatment and their child's. This was a cross-sectional analysis of quantitative data collected from participants attending routine dental appointments. The clinics were hosted by the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil and Newcastle Dental Hospital, UK. The mean WTP for Brazilian adults was R$60.37 (=£15.97). WTP was highly variable and factors affecting it were difficult to identify. UK parents valued fluoride varnish at mean values of £28.21 and £28.12 for themselves and their child, respectively. Regression modelling found those with higher incomes had higher WTP in both samples. In the UK, parental and child WTP increased when parents had higher self-perceived need for dental treatment, had experienced recent dental pain, or their child had received restorations in the last 2 years. WTP for fluoride varnish varied dramatically between individuals. In both countries, it was difficult to predict this variance, as factors which would likely impact upon on WTP had a limited effect and were sometimes counter-intuitive. WTP values for a parent and their child were not statistically significantly different.

Factors behind self-perceived need for dental treatment and prosthesis in Brazilian elderly people

The scope of this study was to identify individual and contextual factors associated with the self-perceived need for dental treatment and for prostheses among elderly Brazilians. An analysis was performed with data from the SB Brazil 2010 epidemiological survey conducted by the Ministry of Health with a sample of 7,619 elderly individuals. Multilevel logistic regression models of mixed random and fixed effects were used to the estimate odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) between the dependent variables and individual and contextual factors. Of the individuals assessed, 3,848 (50.5%) reported a need for dental treatment and 4,236 (55.6%) believed they have the need for prostheses. The results of multilevel logistic regression showed that gender, self-reported skin color, income and coverage by the oral health teams in the Family Health Program were associated with self-perception. This study revealed a greater influence of individual factors on the self-perceived need for dental treatment and prostheses by elderly Brazilians. This information can help to identify the inequalities that affect this population group and in setting priorities for the planning of health services.

Impact of Malocclusion on the Quality of Life of Brazilian Adolescents: A Population-Based Study.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of malocclusion on the quality of life (QOL) of adolescents in Brazil. We carried out a cross-sectional study in a sample population of 1015 schoolchildren aged 12 to 15 years from São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. The explanatory variable was malocclusion, evaluated on the basis of the normative need or the adolescent’s self-perceived need for dental treatment. Normative need for dental treatment was determined by professional diagnosis, made on the basis of Angle’s classification, the Dental Aesthetic Index, and other morphological deviations (e.g., posterior crossbite, posterior open bite, and deep overbite). We analyzed the impact of malocclusion on the QOL using the Portuguese version of the Oral Health Impact Profile-14. Associations were estimated by using the prevalence ratio (PR) in Poisson regression analysis, with hierarchized modeling. An alpha of 5% was adopted as the criterion for statistical significance. The QOL of adolescents was impacted by malocclusion, classified by a normative need for treatment according to the Dental Aesthetic Index (PR = 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03–1.56) or by the self-perceived need for treatment (PR = 2.54; 95% CI = 1.81–3.56). Certain sociodemographic variables, including the head of the family (PR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.02–2.23), greater educational level of the head of the family (PR = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.17–0.61), and female sex (PR = 1.40; 95% CI = 1.05–1.89), had negative associations with QOL. We conclude that malocclusion has a negative impact on the QOL of adolescents, associated with socioeconomic conditions and the cosmetic effects of malocclusion.

Self-perceived need for dental treatment and related factors. A cross-sectional population-based study

This study compared adolescents' self-perceived need for orthodontic treatment with the normative need for such treatment and investigated associations between socioeconomic and demographic variables and self-perceptions of dental malocclusion. This cross-sectional study involved 1015 schoolchildren aged 12-15 years in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. The following data were collected using a questionnaire and an orthodontic examination card: demographic and identifying data, socioeconomic data, educational levels of family, household income, economic classification criteria, and self-reported skin color behavioral data, and oral health data. Normative occlusal condition was examined using the Angle classification and Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Data were analyzed using the chi-squared test (to analyze differences in the frequency distribuition of qualitative variables) and Poisson regression (to stimate associations between the perceived need of orthodontic treatment and study covariates), with a 5% significance level. Schoolchildren's self-perceived need for orthodontic treatment was associated with sex (p = 0.022) and the normative need for treatment (p = 0.004). Among socioeconomic, demographic, and oral health variables, only sex [prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.15; 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.04-1.28; p = 0.009] and the normative need for orthodontic treatment (PR = 1.19; 95%CI = 1.08-1.32; p < 0.001) were associated with the perception of malocclusion, with female adolescents reporting a greater need for orthodontic treatment. Female adolescents seems to be more sensitive to oral health problems. The results suggest that the DAI score might reflect a self-perceived need for orthodontic treatment and the Angle classification might overestimate the orthodontic treatment need.

Factors associated with the oral health-related quality of life in elderly persons in dental clinic: validation of a Mandarin Chinese version of GOHAI

To translate the original English version of Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) into Mandarin Chinese and assess its reliability and validity for use among the elderly in inland China and to explore the factors associated with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The original English version of GOHAI was translated, back-translated and cross-culturally adapted. The psychometric properties of GOHAI-M were assessed in a sample of 263 people aged 60 years and over and OHRQoL was examined in 221 subjects using GOHAI-M. Multiple regression analysis was conducted. Internal consistency of the GOHAI-M was excellent (Cronbach's α:0.81). Split-half reliability coefficient was 0.80, and item-scale correlation coefficient ranged from 0.25 to 0.71. Self-rated oral health was significantly associated with OHRQoL (r(s)=0.505, p<0.01). The relation coefficient between GOHAI-M and self-perceived need for dental treatment and number of missing teeth were 0.231 and -0.653, respectively (p<0.05). Multiple regression analysis found that better OHRQoL was significantly associated with better self-ratings of oral health (β=0.497, p=0.01), number of missing teeth (β=0.187, p<0.01) and life satisfaction (β=0.132, p<0.05). The Mandarin Chinese version of GOHAI demonstrates acceptable reliability and validity. OHRQoL is associated with self-rated oral health, number of missing teeth and satisfaction with life.

A cross-sectional study of oral health-related quality of life of Piracicaba's elderly population

PURPOSE: This paper aimed to assess the self-perceived oral health status in 137 elderly from Piracicaba city, Sao Paulo state, Brazil, and to investigate the influence of socio-demographic variables, institutionalization status and access to dental care services on the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) index final score. METHODS: The sample comprised institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly, from 60 to 92 years old, socially independent or partially dependent, without significant cognitive alterations, with different educational and monthly income levels. An oral examination and two questionnaires were employed as instruments to gather subject characteristics. The first questionnaire included the 12 items of the GOHAI, and the second questionnaire gathered socio-demographic variables. The data were evaluated with a Chi-square test and logistic regression, with p < 0.05 as the significance cut-off. RESULTS: The GOHAI final mean score of 27.49 indicated a low oral health self-perception, and the score was significantly associated with life style and institutionalization. The risk indicators for low oral health self-perception were the demand for urgent dental care and the self-perceived need for dental treatment. These indicators correlated with a lower GOHAI score, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.0001), demonstrating that a low oral health self-perception is directly correlated with a worse oral health clinical status. This information can be useful for planning public health policies. CONCLUSION: The GOHAI final score in this study was considered low. Self-motivation and self-perception of the need for dental treatment were considered risk indicators for a low final GOHAI score.

Fatores relacionados à autopercepção da necessidade de tratamento odontológico entre idosos

To analyze factors associated with the self-perceived need for dental treatment among elderly people. A total of 5,326 individuals who were included in a sample of Brazilian elderly people aged 65-74 years in a home survey on oral health conducted by the Brazilian Ministry of Health in 2002/2003 were investigated. The analysis was based on the model of Gift, Atchison & Drury, and Poisson regression for analysis of surveys with complex samples was used. Out of the whole sample, 2,928 (55%) of the elderly people said they needed dental treatment. This need was perceived less frequently among those aged 70 years or over (PR=0.94; 95% CI: 0.89;0.99), those who had not received information on how to avoid oral problems (PR=0.89; 95% CI: 0.83;0.95) and those who were edentate (PR=0.68; 95% CI: 0.62;0.74). The perceived need was greater among those who self;rated their oral health as regular (PR=1.31; 95% CI: 1.21;1.41) or poor/very poor (PR=1.29; 95% CI: 1.19;1.41), their appearance as regular (PR=1.23; 95% CI: 1.15;1.32) or poor/very poor (PR=1.28; 95% CI: 1.18;1.39) and their chewing as regular (PR=1.08; 95% CI: 1.01;1.15) or poor/very poor (PR=1.13; 95% CI: 1.05;1.21). It was also greater among those who reported pain in their teeth or gums over the six months prior to the survey (PR=1.27; 95% CI: 1.18;1.36) and among those who needed a prosthesis in one arch (PR=1.29; 95% CI: 1.19;1.39) or both (PR=1.27; 95% CI: 1.16;1.40). Information, oral health conditions and subjective questions were associated with self-perceived need for dental treatment. The results reinforce the need to capacitate individuals to carry out oral self-examination and identify non-painful signs and symptoms of mucosal lesions, caries and periodontal disease at an early stage.