Self-management Ability Of Patients Research Articles

Impact of continuous care on quality life of patients with inflammatory bowel disease based on multi-disciplinary cooperation on WeChat platform.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is characterized by chronic recurrent intestinal inflammation, and its primary clinical manifestations are abdominal pain, diarrhea, hematochezia, etc., which seriously affects patients' quality of life. To explore the impact of continuing empowerment education based on Roy's adaptation theory on disease uncertainty and self-management ability in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Sixty patients with inflammatory bowel disease admitted to the hospital from March 2022 to March 2023 were selected and randomly divided into an intervention group (n= 30) and a control group (n= 30). The intervention group received continuous care based on multidisciplinary Cooperation on the WeChat platform, while the control group received routine constant care. The disease uncertainty, hope level, self-care ability, nursing quality, and nursing satisfaction of two groups of patients were compared. Both patient groups had lower levels of ambiguity and complexity three months following discharge, with the intervention group exhibiting the lowest levels. On the other hand, the intervention group scored higher on sustaining close connections, taking good action, and having an attitude both now and in the future. The intervention group showed greater health awareness, self-concept, self-care competence, and self-care responsibility ratings. The intervention group also showed more significant attitude, pragmatism, thoroughness, and professionalism in their services. Continuous empowerment education based on Roy's adaptation theory is applied to patients with inflammatory bowel disease. It can enhance confidence, self-management ability, quality of life, and patient satisfaction.

Effect of care bundles based on importance degree analysis on postoperative comorbid state, coping style and disease management ability of patients with coronary heart disease.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a significant global health concern, particularly among the elderly. While care bundles present a comprehensive strategy for clinical disorders, their application in CHD rehabilitation remains understudied. This research addresses this gap by investigating the effectiveness of care bundles in CHD patients. By analyzing important performance degrees, we aim to contribute valuable insights to bridge existing knowledge deficiencies. Our study strives to establish a theoretical foundation for the broader implementation of care bundles, potentially improving the quality of care and patient outcomes in CHD rehabilitation. This is a retrospective study. 360 patients with CHD who were admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to October 2022 were enrolled in this retrospective study and divided into the observation group (n = 180) and control group (n = 180) according to the different care that they received. All cases were given routine nursing after CHD operation, and the observation group was given care bundles on the basis of the analysis of important performance degrees. The perioperative indexes, self-management ability score, depression, anxiety, stress scale (DASS), coping styles, medical compliance and the incidence of complications were compared between the 2 groups. Aftercare, the time of hospitalization and getting out-of-bed in the observation group was notably shorter (P < .05). Aftercare, the scores of self-management ability and related dimensions in the observation group were notably higher (P < .05). After care, the score of depression (P < .001), anxiety (P = .003) and stress (P = .017) of the observation group were notably lower. Aftercare, the observation group face score was significantly higher than the control group (P = .005), while the observation group avoidance score (P = .028) and yield score (P < .001) were significantly lower than the control group scores. Aftercare, the compliance behavior of patients in the observation group was notably better (P = .013). Aftercare, the incidence of complications in the observation group was notably lower (P = .039). Care bundles based on the degree of importance analysis can play a positive role in postoperative comorbid state, coping styles and self-management ability of patients with CHD, which can improve the rehabilitation effects on patients.

Effect of digital monitoring and counselling on self-management ability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomised controlled trial.

To assess a remote physiotherapist (PT) counselling intervention using self-monitoring tools for improving self-management ability, physical activity participation, and health outcomes in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Eligible participants were randomly assigned to receive group education, a Fitbit®, a self-monitoring app, and PT counselling phone calls (Immediate Group). The Delayed Group received a monthly e-newsletter until week 26, and then the intervention. The primary outcome was Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13). Participants were assessed at baseline, 27 weeks (the primary end point) and 53 weeks. Secondary outcomes included disease activity, pain, fatigue, depression, sitting/walking habits, daily physical activity time, and daily awake sedentary time. Generalized Linear Mixed-effect Models (GLMMs) were used to assess the effect of the intervention on the change of each outcome measure from the initiation to 27 weeks after the intervention. Analysis included 131 participants (91.6% women; 80.2% completed during the COVID-19 pandemic). The mean change of PAM-13 at 27 weeks was 4.6 (SD = 14.7) in the Immediate Group vs -1.6 (SD = 12.5) in the Delayed Group. The mean change in Delayed Group at 53 weeks (after the 26-week intervention) was 3.6 (SD = 14.6). Overall, the intervention improved PAM-13 at 27 weeks post-intervention from the GLMM analysis (adjusted coefficient: 5.3; 95% CI: 2.0, 8.7; p = <0.001). Favourable intervention effects were also found in disease activity, fatigue, depression, and self-reported walking habit. Remote counselling paired with self-monitoring tools improved self-management ability in people with RA. Findings of secondary outcomes indicate that the intervention had a positive effect on symptom management.

Network analysis of negative emotion and self-management in Chinese patients with early chronic kidney disease

The number of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing worldwide, and the disease carries a serious physical and psychological burden that creates negative emotions among patients. The negative emotions limits patients’ ability to manage their disease and prevents them from effectively delaying disease progression. In this study, we applied a network analysis to explore the network relationship between negative emotions and self-management in patients with CKD and to investigate the risk or protective effects of different components of negative emotions on self-management. The study was conducted from September 2021 to March 2022 in three tertiary hospitals in China, with data gathered via a convenience sampling method. 360 patients with CKD at stages 1 ~ 3 in the department of nephrology completed the Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale and Chronic Kidney Disease Self-management Instrument. We used R4.1.1 software to estimate the network model and calculate the related indicators. The network showed that among negative emotions “irritated” was negatively correlated with “self-integration”, “problem solving”, “seeking social support” and “adherence to recommended regimen” in self-management. The correlations between “scared” and “self-integration”, “nervous” and “problem solving”, and “ashamed” and “seeking social support” were all positive. The bridge expected influence of “irritated” and “adherence to recommended regimen” were the highest, with values of -0.19 and 0.13, respectively. “Irritated” has a more obvious risk effect on self-management. This study provides an important target for interventions to reduce negative emotions and improve self-management ability in patients with CKD.

Adoption of nanoparticle micro-infusion valve in venous port access for tumor patients and self-care analysis.

It aimed to discuss the adoption of nanoparticle micro-infusion valves in the totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) of tumor patients and analyze the self-care of patients after surgery. A total of 189 tumor patients who received TIVAP chemotherapy were selected from the day chemotherapy outpatient department of the Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang City from June to October 2021. The questionnaire survey was conducted to collect and analyze the general information about the patients and the patient's self-care ability. All the surveys and analyses were performed using a general information questionnaire, self-care competence scale, self-management efficacy scale, social support scale, and self-rating anxiety scale. Moreover, the nanoparticle micro-infusion valve was prepared, and its characterization, in vitro drug release, and cytotoxicity were studied. The self-management ability of patients was concentrated in the middle and high levels. Marital status, education level, and economic status all had a great impact on the patient's self-care ability. The infusion of dithiothreitol (DTT) increased the drug release of the nanoparticle micro-infusion valve. When pH=5.0, the drug-loaded nanoparticle micro-infusion valve release amount was greater than when pH=7.4. When pH=5.0 and pH=7.4, the cell survival rates under the drug-loaded nanoparticle micro-infusion valve were both lower than that without drug loading. Nanoparticle micro-infusion valves can specifically identify tumor cells, and have good adoption prospects in TIVAP implantation in tumor patients. Gender, marital status, education level, etc. all affected the self-care ability of patients.

Empathetic nursing with mindful cognitive therapy for fatigue, depression, and negative emotions in leukemia patients undergoing long-term chemotherapy.

BACKGROUNDLeukemia is a broad term for blood cell cancer. Leukemia is divided into acute or chronic, depending on cell differentiation. Leukemia patients are prone to adverse reactions during chemotherapy, such as anxiety, depression, and even suicide, affecting prognosis. As a nursing model developed by three well-known cognitive psychologists, empathetic nursing with mindfulness cognitive therapy (ENMCT) can effectively reduce anxiety and depression and improve the quality of life in patients with chronic disease.AIMTo explore the effect of ENMCT on cancer-induced fatigue, hope level, and negative emotions in patients with long-term leukemia chemotherapy.METHODSA total of 103 patients with long-term leukemia chemotherapy diagnosed and treated in our hospital from July 2017 to October 2019 were enrolled and randomly assigned to observation and control groups using the random number table approach. Fifty-one patients in the control group received routine nursing, while 52 patients in the observation group received empathic nursing with mindfulness cognitive therapy. After three months of nursing care, cancer-induced fatigue was measured with the Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS), hope level with the Herth Hope Index (HHI), and negative emotion with the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA)/Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). Self-management (Chinese Strategies Used by People to Promote Health) was also recorded.RESULTSThe observation group’s total scores in behavior, cognition, emotion, feeling, and PFS were lower than the control group after the intervention (P < 0.05). Keeping close contact with others, the attitude of taking positive actions, the attitude toward reality and future, and the total HHI score were higher in the observation group than the control group (P < 0.05). The observation group’s HAMA and HAMD scores were lower than the control group (P < 0.05). The observation group’s positive attitude, self-decision, and self-relief scores were greater than the control group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONEmpathetic nursing with cognitive mindfulness therapy is beneficial in improving cancer-related fatigue, negative emotions, expectation level, and self-management ability in patients with long-term leukemia chemotherapy.

Factors impacting self-management ability in patients with chronic diseases in the United Arab Emirates, 2019.

Aim: Poor adherence to chronic disease therapy is a critical global problem that negatively effects the long-term therapy for chronic diseases, resulting in negative population health and economic effects. The WHO multidimensional model proposed a systems-based approach for improving adherence to chronic disease therapy. Patients& methods: In the current study, the WHO five-dimension framework was used to evaluate factors among, chronic-disease patients in the United Arab Emirates. Results: We show that patient's understanding of disease, involvement in treatment decision, age more than 40years, time spent with physician and fear of how patients were perceived by others were the most predictive factors associated with a high ability to self-manage a chronic disease. Conclusion: Sociocultural factors have an indirect impact on disease self-management.

Research Progress of Information Health Education Model in Self-management Ability of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

Research Progress of Information Health Education Model in Self-management Ability of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

Development and validation of a new short form of the self-management ability questionnaire for patients with chronic periodontitis.

To establish and validate a short form of the self-management ability questionnaire (SMAQ) for chronic periodontitis patients. A total of 480 chronic periodontitis patients were recruited and divided randomly in into two groups: development group and validation group. The item reduction process of the SMAQ was based on item response theory (IRT) and classical test theory (CTT). The resulting short form of the SMAQ was then validated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), convergent validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The item reduction process produced a 12-item short-form SMAQ (SMAQ-12). EFA results on the twelve items extracted three factors consistent with the original SMAQ and CFA results demonstrated acceptable goodness-of-fit indices of this three-factor structure. Moreover, the SMAQ-12 scores had high correlations with the original measure (rs ≥0.904), good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The SMAQ-12 is an easy-to-use, reliable and valid measure for assessing self-management ability in patients with chronic periodontitis.

Research progress on influencing factors of antiretroviral therapy withdrawal in HIV/AIDS patients

AIDS is a highly harmful infectious disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which requires HIV/AIDS patients to take medication on time and at the appropriate amount every day to effectively inhibit HIV replication in vivo. China has implemented antiretroviral therapy (ART) and expanded treatment strategy, including all eligible HIV-infected people into the treatment scope of treatment. More and more HIV-infected patients receive ART. At the same time, the number of HIV/AIDS patients who withdraw from ART (drug withdrawal and loss of follow-up) is also increasing year by year. In the long-term medication process of HIV/AIDS patients, various reasons such as adverse drug reactions, busy work, CD4, low selfmanagement ability of patients, economic conditions and other reasons lead to poor compliance of patients and high incidence of withdrawal. In China, ART treatment coverage of HIV/AIDS patients is required to be over 90%, and withdrawal has become the biggest threat to the coverage of ART treatment. In this paper, the influencing factors related to ART withdrawal of HIV/ AIDS patients were summarized to comprehensively understand the reasons for the possible withdrawal of ART therapy for HIV/ AIDS patients, and to provide measures to reduce the withdrawal and loss of follow-up of ART therapy for HIV/AIDS patients. 摘要 : 艾滋病是由人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)引起的一种危害性极大的传染病, 需要 HIV/AIDS 患者每日按时按量服 药才能有效抑制体内 HIV 复制。中国实施抗逆转录病毒疗法(ART)和扩大治疗策略将所有符合条件的 HIV 感染者纳人 治疗范围, 越来越多的 HIV 感染者接受ART,同时退出 (停药和失访)ART的 HIV/AIDS 患者人数也在逐年累加。在 HIV/AIDS 患者长期的服药过程中, 药物不良反应、工作繁忙、CD4、患者自我管理能力低、经济条件等各种原因, 导致患 者出现依从性不良 , 患者退出的发生率髙。中国遏制与防治艾滋病要求 HIV/AIDS 患者 ART 治疗覆盖率是90%以上, 退出已经成为影响ART治疗覆盖率的最大威胁。本文就 HIV/AIDS 患者 ART 退出相关影响因素进行综述, 全面了解 HIV/AIDS 患者ART治疗可能退出的原因以及提供减少 HIV/AIDS 患者ART治疗停药和失访相关措施。

The impact of lesion location on medication self-management ability in patients with cerebrovascular disease

The impact of lesion location on medication self-management ability in patients with cerebrovascular disease

Effectiveness of an online self-management tool, OPERAS (an On-demand Program to EmpoweR Active Self-management), for people with rheumatoid arthritis: a research protocol

BackgroundActive self-management is a process where patients are fully engaged in managing their health in daily life by having access to contextualized health data and tailored guidance to support a healthy lifestyle. This study aims to determine whether an e-health intervention that incorporates symptom/disease activity monitoring and physical activity counselling can improve self-management ability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsThe ‘Empowering active self-management of arthritis: Raising the bar with OPERAS (an On-demand Program to EmpoweR Active Self-management)’ project is a randomized controlled trial that uses a delayed control design. One hundred thirty-four participants with RA will be randomly assigned to start the intervention either immediately (immediate group) or 6 months later (delayed group). The intervention involves (1) use of a Fitbit-compatible web app to record and monitor their RA disease activity, symptoms, and time spent on physical activity and a Fitbit; (2) group education and individual counselling by a physiotherapist (PT); and (3) six phone calls with a PT. The primary outcome measure is self-management ability measured by the Patient Activation Measure. Secondary outcome measures include disease status, fatigue, pain, depressive symptoms, and characteristics of habitual behavior and also time spent in physical activity and sedentary activity with a wearable multi-sensor device (SenseWear Mini). After the 6-month intervention, we will interview a sample of participants to examine their experiences with the intervention.DiscussionThe results of this study will help to determine whether this technology-enhanced self-management intervention improves self-management ability and health outcomes for people living with RA. A limitation of this study is that participants will need to self-report their symptoms, disease status, and treatment use through questionnaires on the OPERAS web app. The user-friendly interface, reminder emails from the research staff, and tailored guidance from PTs will encourage participants to actively engage with the app.Trial registrationDate of last update in ClinicalTrials.gov: January 2, 2019. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03404245.

An integrated model to evaluate the impact of social support on improving self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

BackgroundType 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease closely related to personal life style. Therefore, achieving effective self-management is one of the most important ways to control it. There is evidence that social support can help to improve the self-management ability of patients with T2DM, but which social support is more effective has been rarely explored. The purpose of this study is to construct an integrated model to analyze which social support has more significant impact on self-management of T2DM, and provide reasonable suggestions to health care providers on how to effectively play the role of social support.MethodsWe established a social support indicator evaluation system and proposed an integrated model that combines ANP (Analytical Network Process) and CRITIC (CRiteria Importance through Intercriteria Correlation) methods to evaluate the impact of social support on T2DM self-management from both subjective and objective perspectives. The weights calculated by the model will serve as the basis for us to judge the importance of different social support indicators.ResultsInformational support (weighting 49.26%) is the most important criteria, followed by tangible support (weighting 39.24%) and emotional support (weighting 11.51%). Among 11 sub-criteria, guidance (weighting 23.05%) and feedback (weighting 14.68%) are two most relevant with T2DM self-management. This result provides ideas and evidence for health care providers on how to offer more effective social support.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study in which Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) tools, specifically ANP and CRITIC, are used to evaluate the impact of social support on improving self-management of type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that incorporating two sub-indicators of guidance and feedback into the diabetes care programs may have great potential to improve T2DM self-management and further control patient blood glucose and reduce complications.

Symptom diary application of self-management in lymphoma patients undergoing chemotherapy

Objective To investigate the effect of symptom diary on the self-management ability of lymphoma patients. Methods A convenient sampling method was adopted to select 57 cases of lymphoma patients who received chemotherapy from February to October 2018 as the study subjects. According to the order of admission, they were divided into the intervention group (n = 25) and the control group (n = 32). The control group received the lymphoma department chemotherapy nursing routine; The intervention group applied symptom diary intervention on the basis of routine nursing, and evaluated the self-management ability of patients in the two groups before the first cycle and after the sixth cycle of chemotherapy, respectively. Results There was no significant difference in the scores of self-management ability between the two groups before intervention (P>0.05). The self-management scores of the two groups were both improved before and after the intervention, and the intervention group was higher than the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); after intervention, for total self-management ability and the four dimensions of daily life management, symptom management, medical staff communication, and information management. the intervention group scored (4.16±0.28), (4.31±0.44),(4.31 ± 0.44), (4.38 ± 0.48), (3.96 ± 0.60) points, significantly higher than the control group (3.85 ± 0.45), (3.96 ± 0.45), (3.96 ± 0.57), (3.64 ± 0.77), (3.26±0.68) points, the difference was statistically significant (t=2.235-4.175, P<0.05). Conclusion The application of symptom diary can effectively improve the self-management ability of patients with lymphoma during chemotherapy, stimulate the ability of patients to cope with disease, improve the quality of life of patients, and promote rapid recovery. Key words: Lymphoma; Symptom diary; Self-management

Effects of Tongfengtai combined with family follow-up nursing on the therapeutic efficacy and self-management ability of patients with gout

Objective To explore the effects of Tongfengtai combined with family follow-up nursing on the therapeutic efficacy and self-management ability of patients with gout. Methods A total of 84 patients with acute damp-heat accumulation gout were selected.According to the random number table method, they were divided into two groups, 42 cases of each group.The control group was given western medicine and routine nursing measures.On the basis of in the control group, the experimental group was given traditional Chinese medicine Tongfengtai combined with family follow-up nursing intervention.After 3 months of intervention, the therapeutic effect and self-management ability of the two groups were observed. Results After the intervention, the total effective rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01). The total score of self-management behavior, medication taking according to the doctor's advice, blood uric acid level, diet control, weight control and gout acute attack score in the experimental group were all higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistical significance(P<0.05). Conclusions The application of Tongfengtai combined with family follow-up nursing in patients with gout is very consistent with the integration of traditional Chinese medicine and nursin and the concept of three-part treatment and seven-part nourishment-based treatment . It has effectively improved patients' self-management behavior and curative effect, delayed the progress of the disease, and reduced patients' pain and family financial burden. Key words: Tongfengtai; Family follow-up care; Gout; Self-management ability

Application of Omaha system in PICC patient care

Objective To explore the evaluation and application of the Omaha system in the self-management of patients with central venous catheter (PICC) via peripheral venous implantation. Methods A total of 100 patients with PICC catheterization in the blood department of the hospital were selected and divided into the intervention group and the control group according to the voluntary principle, 50 patients of each group.The control group was taught and followed up after conventional catheterization.The intervention group was given systematic care of Omaha.The self-management ability of the two groups was observed 3 days before catheterization, 1 day before discharge and 2 weeks after discharge. Results The scores of self-management ability of the two groups were compared 3 days before catheterization, and the difference was no statistically significant(P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the self-management score of the routine catheterization observation, compliance to maintenance, catheter management confidence, exception handling, movement with the tube, daily life with the tube in the intervention group were increased after continued intervention with the Omaha system, 1 day before discharge and 2 weeks after discharge, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The application of the Omaha system in the self-management of PICC patients has improved the self-management ability of patients in general and helped to improve the quality of life of patients with PICC. Key words: Omaha systems; Patients with PICC; Self-management ability

Effects of comprehensive health intervention by new media on patients' self-management ability after percutaneous coronary intervention

Objective To compare the effects of the comprehensive health intervention by new media and the conventional telephone follow-up on patients' self-management ability after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) , and to explore the comprehensive health interventions by new media which can improve the self-management ability of patients after PCI. Methods A total of 130 patients with coronary heart disease who received PCI in a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Nanjing between August and December 2016 were selected by convenient sampling and divided into the treatment group (n=64) and the control group (n=66) according to the random number table. Patients in the control group received the conventional telephone follow-up, while patients in the treatment group received the comprehensive health intervention by new media. The self-management ability was compared before and after intervention using the Coronary Disease Self-Management Scale (CSMS) . The incidence of adverse cardiovascular events, readmission rate at emergency service and the number of patients with regular subsequent visits to outpatient service were recorded. Results The treatment group scored higher in all dimensions of the self-management ability than the control group (P<0.05) after intervention; the readmission rate was lower in the treatment group than in the control group (χ2=4.997, P=0.044) ; and more patients with regular subsequent visits to outpatient patients were found in the treatment group (χ2=7.897, P=0.007) . Conclusions The comprehensive health intervention by new media can improve the self-management ability of patients, reduce the readmission rate at emergency service and increase the rate of regular subsequent visits to outpatient service. Key words: Nursing care; Self-management; Coronary heart disease; Health intervention

The application of coordinated type transitional nursing in elderly patients with diabetic foot Wager 2 and 3 levels

Objective To explore the effect of the Hospital-Community-Family coordinated type transitional nursing in elderly patients with diabetic foot Wager 2 and 3 levels. Methods A total of 46 elderly patients with diabetes were given Hospital-Community-Family coordinated type transitional nursing.The healing of diabetic foot was observed and the self-management ability of patients with the Chinese version of diabetes self-management behavior scale (SDSCA) were evaluated after 3 months. Results Of the 46 cases of diabetic foot Wagner 2 and grade 3, 41 patients had no relapse of diabetic foot healing, 3 patients gave up treatment for economic reasons, 2 patients died of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and 41 patients improved their self-management ability. Conclusions The Hospital-Community-Family coordinated type trasitional nursing is meaningful to promote the healing of Wager 2 and 3 levels of diabetic foot and reduce the recurrence rate.It can enhance the hospital and community relations of cooperation, improve the self-management ability of the elderly patients with diabetes.It is worthy of clinical promotion. Key words: Elderly; Diabetic foot Wager 2 and 3 levels; Coordinated type transitional nursing

Influence of peer support education with WeChat group on metabolic indices and self-management ability of patients with community type 2 diabetes

目的 探讨微信群形式的同伴支持教育对社区2型糖尿病患者的代谢指标及自我管理行为的影响。 方法 采用随机数字表法将2016年1～10月宁波第四医院2型糖尿病患者78例分为观察组38例和对照组40例，观察组利用微信群实行同伴支持教育，对照组给予常规糖尿病教育。通过12个月的干预，比较两组干预前后血糖、糖化血红蛋白及自我管理行为的变化。 结果 干预前后：对照组的空腹血糖[(7.49±0.42)mmol/L比(8.73±1.34)mmol/L，t＝5.88，P<0.05]、餐后2 h血糖[(11.13±1.71)mmol/L比(15.26±2.86)mmol/L，t＝12.08，P<0.05]、糖化血红蛋白[(6.94±0.40)%比(8.14±0.70)%，t＝13.33，P<0.05]及自我管理行为[(20.65±1.70)分比(11.65±1.41)分，t＝－24.89，P<0.05]均有所改善；观察组的空腹血糖[(6.33±0.50)mmol/L比(8.35±1.06)mmol/L，t＝11.77，P<0.05]、餐后2 h血糖[(9.84±0.59)mmol/L比(14.5±2.46)mmol/L，t＝12.42，P<0.05]、糖化血红蛋白[(6.37±0.35)%比(7.94±0.57)%，t＝16.84，P<0.05]及自我管理行为[(31.05±1.66)分比(11.42±1.24)分，t＝－72.59，P<0.05]均有所改善，且观察组改善更为明显。干预后，观察组空腹血糖[(6.33±0.50)mmol/L]，明显低于对照组空腹血糖[(7.49±0.42)mmol/L](t＝11.14，P<0.05)；糖化血红蛋白[(6.37±0.35)%]较对照组[(6.94±0.40)%]下降更明显(t＝6.72，P<0.05)；自我管理水平[(31±1.66)分]明显高于对照组[(20.65±1.70)分](t＝－27.30，P<0.05)。 结论 微信群形式的同伴支持教育可以提高2型糖尿病患者自我管理水平，更好地控制血糖，使糖化血红蛋白达标率更高。

Development and Validity Testing of an Arthritis Self-Management Assessment Tool.

Because of the chronic, progressive nature of arthritis and the substantial effects it has on quality of life, patients may benefit from self-management. However, no valid, reliable self-management assessment tool has been devised for patients with arthritis. This study was conducted to develop a comprehensive self-management assessment tool for patients with arthritis, that is, the Arthritis Self-Management Assessment Tool (ASMAT). To develop a list of qualified items corresponding to the conceptual definitions and attributes of arthritis self-management, a measurement model was established on the basis of theoretical and empirical foundations. Content validity testing was conducted to evaluate whether listed items were suitable for assessing arthritis self-management. Construct validity and reliability of the ASMAT were tested. Construct validity was examined using confirmatory factor analysis and nomological validity. The 32-item ASMAT was developed with a sample composed of patients in a clinic in South Korea. Content validity testing validated the 32 items, which comprised medical (10 items), behavioral (13 items), and psychoemotional (9 items) management subscales. Construct validity testing of the ASMAT showed that the 32 items properly corresponded with conceptual constructs of arthritis self-management, and were suitable for assessing self-management ability in patients with arthritis. Reliability was also well supported. The ASMAT devised in the present study may aid the evaluation of patient self-management ability and the effectiveness of self-management interventions. The authors believe the developed tool may also aid the identification of problems associated with the adoption of self-management practice, and thus improve symptom management, independence, and quality of life of patients with arthritis.