Self-injurious Behavior In Adolescents Research Articles

A meta-analysis on the lifetime and period prevalence of self-injury among adolescents with depression.

Adolescents are vulnerable to mental disorders due to physiological, psychosocial, and cognitive changes during this critical developmental stage. Depression, in particular, can lead to high-risk behaviors such as self-injury (SI) and suicide. This study aims to estimate the pooled prevalence of SI behaviors among adolescents with depression. We systematically searched databases including EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Sciences for relevant articles published on adolescents with depression from January 1, 2000, to January 1, 2024. The quality assessment of the studies was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) criteria. The global prevalence of SI was calculated based on a random effects model using Stata software version 17. Our analysis included 29 studies involving 12,934 adolescents. The lifetime prevalence of SI was 52% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 41-64), while the period prevalence was 57% (95% CI: 49-64). Notably, a significant relationship was observed between the prevalence of SI and the year of publication of articles (p = 0.002). Furthermore, publication bias was not significant for both lifetime prevalence (p = 0.281) and period prevalence (0.358). The prevalence of self-injurious behaviors in adolescents with depression is alarmingly high, with more than half of adolescents having engaged in these high-risk behaviors during their lifetime or within the last year. Given the associated risk of suicide, it is crucial to identify individuals at risk and provide timely interventions.

Prefrontal brain activity and self-injurious behavior in adolescents with major depressive disorder: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) study

In clinical practice, accurately identifying self-injurious behavior among adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) is crucial for individualized treatment. This study aimed to examine the differences in prefrontal cortex activation using the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during the verbal fluency task (VFT) assessment of adolescents with MDD and self-harm (SH) compared with those without SH. A total of 60 eligible patients were included for final analysis, with the SH group containing 36 participants, and the Non-SH group containing 24 participants. We found that right middle frontal gyrus (rMFG) was more activated in the SH group than that in the Non-SH group during the VFT assessments (z = −3.591, p = 0.004, FDR correction). The z-scores of beta values of rMFG exhibited a good discriminatory power with the area under the curve (AUC) in distinguishing the two groups (AUC = 0.775, p < 0.001). These findings reveal that the fNIRS-VFT paradigm may be a useful tool for discovering neurobiological differences among adolescents with MDD.

Association between internet gaming disorder and loneliness: the mediating effect of suicidal and self-injurious behavior in adolescents

Internet Gaming Disorder is a serious problem in the lives of young people. In adolescents (N=720), loneliness, self-injurious, and suicidal behaviors were tested as selected predictors of Internet Gaming Disorder symptoms in males and females. Suicidal behavior, self-injurious behavior and loneliness were not confirmed as predictors of Internet gaming disorder in men (p&gt;.05). Self-injurious behavior, loneliness, and suicidal behavior were confirmed as predictors of Internet Gaming Disorder in females (R2 =.01-.04; p .05). Suicidal behavior confirmed a mediating effect between loneliness (β3 =-.035; p3 =.007) and IGD symptoms in females. The results highlight the importance of considering factors such as suicidal behavior and respondent gender that enter the relationship between loneliness and the development of Internet gaming disorder.

CHARACTERIZATION OF SELF- INJURIOUS BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENTS: a descriptive study

The paper is the result of research on self-injury in the transition from childhood to adolescence. The objective is to present and discuss the research results of a survey on the characteristics of self-injurious behavior among adolescents in the city of Volta Redonda/RJ. A Cross-sectional study with 61 pre-adolescents and adolescents assisted by the Specialized Reference Center for Social Assistance of both sexes, aged between 10 and 16 years old, with self-harm practice, seeking to collect data on the characterization of this behavior, sociodemographic profile and referrals made. Data analysis was conducted through the categorization of interviews, descriptive analysis of simple and relative frequency survey, and standard deviation. As a result, most participants are female (80.3%), between 13 and 14 years old (50.9%), who predominantly used sharp objects (88.5%), mainly affecting arms, hands, or wrists (94.1%). Family conflicts stand out (83.6%) as a motivation and the majority (50.8%) were not referred for treatment. With these results, the study had concluded that knowledge about the characterization of self-injurious behavior in adolescents is fundamental for the design of public policies for prevention and psychosocial assistance for adolescents.

Effects of physical exercise on non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents: the chain mediating role of perceived social support and self-concept.

To study the effect of physical exercise on non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents and to verify the chain mediating role of perceived social support and self-concept. Methods: A survey study was conducted on 1,426 adolescents in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. A chain mediation model was used to verify whether perceived social support and self-concept played a mediating role. Physical exercise was significantly negatively associated with non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents (β = -0.53, p < 0.01) and significantly positively associated with perceived social support and self-concept (β = 0.52, 0.54, p < 0.01), and perceived social support and self-concept were significantly negatively associated with non-suicidal self-injury (β = -0.59, p < 0.01; β = -0.64, p < 0.01), and perceived social support was able to significantly and positively associate self-concept (β = 0.76, p < 0.01). Perceived social support and self-concept play a chain mediating role in the effect of physical exercise on non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents, and it is recommended that the development of perceived social support and self-concept be emphasized during adolescents' development, which has the potential to reduce the incidence of non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors in adolescents.

A randomized 3-month, parallel-group, controlled trial of CALMA m-health app as an adjunct to therapy to reduce suicidal and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors in adolescents: study protocol.

Suicidal and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors are among the leading causes of death and injury in adolescents and youth worldwide. Mobile app development could help people at risk and provide resources to deliver evidence-based interventions. There is no specific application for adolescents and young people available in Spanish. Our group developed CALMA, the first interactive mobile application with the user in Spanish, which provides tools based on Dialectical Behavioral Therapy to manage a crisis of suicidal or non-suicidal self-directed violence with the aim of preventing suicide in adolescents and youth. To test the effectiveness, safety and level of engagement of the CALMA app in people aged 10 to 19 who are treated in mental health services of two public hospitals, we will conduct a parallel-group, two-arm randomized controlled trial. Participants will be assessed face-to-face and via video call at four timepoints: day-0 (baseline), day-30, day-60, and day-90. A total of 29 participants per group will be included. Change in the frequency of suicidal and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors will be compared between groups, as well as the level of emotional dysregulation, level of app engagement and time of psychiatric admission during the follow-up period. This study is particularly relevant to young people given their widespread use of mobile technology, while there are currently no available smartphone app-based self-guided psychological strategies in Spanish that attempt to reduce suicidal behavior in adolescents who are assisted in the public health sector from low and middle-income countries in Latin America. https://clinicaltrials.gov/, NCT05453370.

Psychometric properties of the Alexian Brother Urge to Self-Injure (ABUSI) Spanish version for adolescents

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Alexian Brother Urge to Self-Injure (ABUSI) in its Spanish version for Colombian adolescents. This instrument was created to measure cognitive and emotional aspects of the urge to self-injure by assessing the frequency, the urge, thoughts associated with time and place, the capacity for resistance, and thoughts associated with the urge to self-injure. MethodA total of 752 preadolescents and adolescents between 10 and 18 years of age, with a mean of 15.3 years (SD = 1.97), participated. The instruments used were The Alexian Brother Urge to Self-Injure ABUSI, ERS Suicide Risk Scale, Plutchik Suicide Risk Scale, and the Zimet The MSPSS Perceived Social Support Scale. Confirmatory factor analysis, inter-test correlations, to estimate cut-off point discriminant validity Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) and to determine convergent validity, a Pearson's coincidence analysis was performed between the ABUSI total score and the ERS Suicide Risk Scale, the Plutchik's Suicide Risk Scale and Zimet's Perceived Social Support Scale assessments. ResultsThe presence of a unidimensional model of the instrument is confirmed with adequate fit, reliability, and concurrent validity indices. The high score classification was determined from six (6) points for the total of the scale. These results show that ABUSI is a valid and reliable tool for the clinical assessment of self-injurious behavior in adolescents and preadolescents.

Emergency department admissions for non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors in adolescents in italy: Eleven-year retrospective cross-sectional study and geographical risk evaluation

Emergency department admissions for non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors in adolescents in italy: Eleven-year retrospective cross-sectional study and geographical risk evaluation

Problematic internet use and suicidality and self-injurious behaviors in adolescents: Effects of negative affectivity and social support

BackgroundProblematic internet use (PIU) has been shown to be closely associated with suicidality and self-injurious behavior (SSIB), but the mechanism to help explain this association is understudied. The aim of the present study is to test mediating effects of negative affectivity between PIU and SSIB and whether social support moderates this mediating effect. MethodsA sample of 2173 middle and high school students (Mage = 14.66, SDage = 1.87) in central China were recruited. All participants completed a self-report questionnaire assessing PIU, SSIB, negative affectivity, and social support. Simple mediation analysis and moderated mediation analysis were conducted to examine the roles of negative affectivity and social support in the association between PIU and SSIB. ResultsPIU was positively associated with SSIB, and negative affectivity mediated this association (β = 0.255, Boot 95 % CI: 0.219 to 0.296). The indirect effect of negative affectivity was moderated by social support, with a stronger association between PIU and SSIB for adolescents with lower social support (β = 0.228, Boot 95 % CI: 0.178 to 0.282) than their counterparts (β = 0.098, Boot 95 % CI: 0.068 to 0.133). LimitationCross-sectional design with self-report measures. ConclusionsPIU is a detrimental risk factor for SSIB, as it is associated with high negative affectivity and increased SSIB, which was more robust for adolescents with lower social support. These results highlight the importance of helping adolescents regulate negative affectivity and improving social support-based preventative interventions to reduce SSIB.

Evaluation of the Relationship between Childhood Traumatic Events and Self-injurious Behavior in Adolescents

Resumo Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a relação entre eventos traumáticos (ET) na infância e a ocorrência de comportamentos autolesivos em adolescentes. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Questionário sobre Traumas na Infância (QUESI) e o Inventário de Autolesão Deliberada - reduzido (IAD-r). Participaram 494 estudantes do ensino médio de ambos os sexos e idade entre 15 e 18 anos (M = 16,4). Destes, 58,5% afirmaram ter sofrido abuso emocional de forma recorrente e 19,0% e 59,5% assumiram já ter sofrido abuso sexual e físico, respectivamente. Quanto à prática de autolesão, 65,0% revelaram já ter se engajado em comportamentos autolesivos. De acordo com a análise de Regressão Logística Binomial, todos os tipos de ET exibiram associação significativa com a prática de comportamentos autolesivos. A análise de moderação a respeito da interação entre a ocorrência de ET infantis e a prática de autolesão revelou ausência de moderação pelo sexo e pela idade. Porém, quanto ao abuso físico, o efeito de moderação da idade apresentou significância estatística limítrofe e indicou que os adolescentes mais novos, de 15 e 16 anos, que sofreram este tipo de abuso na infância, foram mais susceptíveis à prática autolesiva. Portanto, as altas taxas de ET e de autolesão encontradas nesta pesquisa revelam a gravidade do problema. Espera-se que esta investigação possa contribuir para a elaboração de intervenções para prevenção e controle dos fatores de risco que acometem a população infanto-juvenil.

Factors influencing the addiction characteristics of non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors in adolescents: A case-control study.

Many studies have shown that in the context of public health emergencies, the incidence rate of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) patients increased dramatically. This paper aims to characterize the behavioral characteristics of adolescent NSSI and analyze the influencing factors of NSSI behavior addiction characteristics. Our research was a case-control study which included 84 adolescents with NSSI (female vs. male: 59 vs. 25) and 84 healthy controls (female vs. male: 53 vs. 31). All the participants enrolled were aged 12-18 years. The differences in the scores of the following five scales were compared between the case and control groups: Egna Minnen Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS); Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and Video Game Dependence Scale (VDG-S). The characteristics of NSSI behavior of the study group were evaluated using the Ottawa Self Inventory Chinese Revised Edition (OSIC). And a binary logistic regression model was developed to analyze the factors that influence adolescent NSSI behavioral addiction characteristics. In the study group, the emotional warmth scores in the father's and mother's rearing style scores in the EMBU were significantly lower than the controls. The BSMAS and VDG-S scores were significantly higher than those in the control group. 38 cases of NSSI with addiction characteristics accounted for 45.24% in the study group. The risk factors for NSSI addiction traits were as follows: female, single-child, high level of VDG-S scores, high scores of excessive interferences in father's rearing style, and high scores of punishments and excessive interferences in mother's rearing style score. Female, only child, internet addiction, and negative parenting styles were predictors of NSSI behavioral addiction characteristics in adolescents. Targeted coping strategies should be developed to reduce the occurrence and development of self-injurious behavior, especially for female adolescents with Internet dependence in one-child families with negative parenting styles.

Difficulties in impulse control in adolescents with problematic use of the internet and self-injurious behaviors

Problematic use of the internet (PUI) and self-injurious behaviors (SIB) associate in adolescents and both relate to impulsivity. However, studies have not examined whether difficulties in impulse control are shared in adolescents with PUI and SIB, and how PUI relates to SIB frequency and impairment. Here, exploratory factor analysis was performed on a PUI questionnaire based on the Minnesota Impulse Disorder Interview, using survey data from 2,912 Connecticut high-school students. Regression analyses evaluated relationships between PUI factor scores and correlates of SIB. Moderation analyses examined impulsivity and sensation-seeking in relationship to PUI factors and SIB. Two PUI factors were extracted. The first PUI factor was associated with lifetime SIB, frequency, severity, urges, rising tension, and self-perceived problems with SIB. The second factor was associated with lifetime SIB and attempts to reduce SIB. Impulsivity and sensation-seeking associated with PUI factors and SIB, but did not moderate relationships between PUI and SIB. Findings suggest that PUI and SIB are related by difficulties in impulse control, and poor control over internet use is associated with more impairing SIB in adolescents who self-injure. Further research should investigate possible interventions targeting impulsivity and sensation-seeking to prevent PUI and SIB in youth.

Biosignature of self-injury behaviors in adolescence: Role of β-endorphin in an acute inpatient unit.

Self-injurious behavior (SIB) (either non-suicidal self-injury, NSSI; or suicide attempts, SA) is a common reason for adolescent psychiatric emergency hospitalizations. Altered basal serum β-endorphin (BE) levels have been reported in adults with a history of SIB, but information is lacking in adolescents. We analyzed the psychoclinical profile and serum BE level of 39 adolescents admitted to the acute unit at a hospital in Spain due to SIB. The Mean (SD) serum BE level was high (190.53 ± 74.83). Regarding time sequence, the onset age of NSSI and SA were related (p < 0.001). The older the onset age of NSSI, the shorter the transition between NSSI and the onset of SA behavior (p = 0.05), but this difference does not lead the variation of BE (p = 0.81). Patients diagnosed with depression had lower serum BE levels than adolescents with other diagnoses (p = 0.03). Although adolescents who seem to be addicted to SIB had higher levels of BE, this finding was not statistically significant. The relationship between serum BE levels and SIB in adolescents requires further investigation.

Self-injury prevalence in adolescents: A global systematic review and meta-analysis

Self-injurious behavior (SIB) in adolescence is a public health problem and is associated with suicide. This study estimates the prevalence of SIB in adolescents in different countries. Five databases were used to carry out a systematic review. The prevalences were estimated through a mixed random effects model considering subgroups. The search identified 4,534 articles and 136 were eligible. The global lifetime prevalence of SIB was 19% (95% CI = 17–21) and 20% (95% CI = 16–23) for non-suicidal self-injury. Females were 1.57 times more likely to engage in SIB than men (95% CI = 1.44–1.71). High lifetime prevalence of SIB in adolescents has been found in European countries (21%; 95% CI 18–25), while lower values have been identified in Oceania (14%; 95% CI = 14–18). The meta-analysis estimates will aid the planning future investigations on the influence of the school context on SIB in adolescents, as well as on the impact of actions to address such behavior in this environment.

Non-suicidal self-injurious behavior in adolescents

To compare the motives of non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (NSSI) in terms of nosological affiliation, gender and age group. Ninety-one patients, 80 women and 11 men, aged 13-24 years old, who independently applied to the SPbSPMU consulting center, were selected. The patients were examined clinically as well as using the Russian-language adapted version of the Inventory of Statements about Self-injury. The younger subgroup consisted of 54 people under the age of 18, another group of age above 18 numbered 37 participants. At the preliminary stage, patients with schizophrenia, organic mental disorders, etc were excluded. Based on the clinical and psychopathological assessment, 3 clinical groups were identified. The first group (n=50) consisted of patients under 18 years old with different subtypes of pubertal behavioral disorders (ICD-10 F91) and patients with emotionally unstable personality disorder (F60.3). The second group is represented by patients with mild or moderate depressive episodes (F32). The third group included patients with various eating disorders. The selected groups did not differ by the age of patients, the age of onset of self-injurious behavior and its duration. There were also no differences in the leading types of NSSI depending on gender, age subgroup, or clinical diagnosis, which confirms the currently prevailing view on NSSI as a transnosological phenomenon. The motives of NSSI also did not differ depending on the nosological form. Gender and age differences in the motives of NSSI were revealed. In male patients, the motive of «sensations seeking» (p=0.037) and «peer-bonding» (p=0.036) significantly prevailed. In the younger age subgroup, the motives of «self-punishment» (p=0.032) and «peer-bonding» (p=0.026) prevail. The nosological non-specificity of NSSI, which is manifested in the similarity of the age of onset, duration, types of NSSI and motives for committing them in different disorders, allows us to consider this phenomenon as a separate dimensional characteristic of a mental illness, more dependent on internal patterns, gender and age characteristics than on its nosological affiliation.

Prevalence and functions of self-harming behaviors in adolescents in Sanandaj

Introduction: The epidemiology of adolescent self-harming behaviors is important. One of the common concerns today is the prevalence and persistence of self-injurious behaviors among adolescents. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and functions of self-harming behaviors in adolescents. Method: The present study was a descriptive study. The statistical population of the study was all adolescents aged 15-18 in Sanandaj in the years 2018-2019. Sampling method was Cluster. Using the Klonsky and Glenn Self-Injurious Behaviors and Functions Scale, 1334 subjects (686 girls and 648 boys) were selected. Using Chi-square and Independent T-test statistical method, using SPSS software version 25. Results: The results showed that the prevalence rate of self-injurious behaviors among girls and boys was 9.6% and 7.1%. Girls self-injurious behaviors were more invisible (Χ2=6.37, P0.009) and irregular (Χ2=14.36, P0.001) than boys. The highest frequency of self-injurious behaviors included: self-inflicted cutting, hitting and annoying self-talk. Also, the function of girls and boys self-injurious behaviors was intrapersonal and interpersonal (T=2.18, P0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the adolescent girls had more self-injurious behaviors than boys. And the prevalence of self-injurious behaviors in adolescents is increasing, which should be taken into account.

Effectiveness of Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors in Reducing Non-suicidal Self-Injurious Behaviors in Adolescents

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of differential reinforcement of other behaviors in reducing non-suicidal self-injury behaviors in adolescents. Methods: A single-subject A-B-A-B design was used in this study. The statistical population included male adolescents with self-injurious behaviors, the families of whom were seeking treatment for these behaviors. In total, four adolescents were recruited from a psychology clinic in Tehran, Iran, using convenience sampling. Participants were observed at 6, 8, 10, and 12 sessions at baseline phases of A1 and A2, followed by 12 intervention sessions after each baseline phase. The intervention included differential reinforcement of other behaviors. If the participants showed no self-injury behavior within a specific time duration, a reward was provided. Non-suicidal self-injury behaviors included self-harm, hair pulling, severe itching, pinching, wound manipulation, and hand biting. The frequency of these behaviors was assessed during each session. Visual analysis of graphed data, percentage of non-overlapping data, and mean percentage improvement were used for data analysis. Results: The results showed a fairly reliable effect for the intervention on reducing the target behavior, as indicated by a frequency reduction from phase A1 to B1 and A2 to B2 and by a frequency elevation by the intervention withdrawal from B1 to A2. The average percentage reduction across participants was obtained at 56%. However, a low rate of self-injury remained consistent for the participants. Conclusion: The results provided further evidence on the effectiveness of differential reinforcement of other behaviors in reducing self-injury behaviors. Although the intervention could reduce self-injury substantially, it seemed that it could not eliminate the behavior.

青年期の自傷行為とスピリチュアリティ・死生観との関係について : 定時制高校在籍者を対象とする分析

青年期の自傷行為とスピリチュアリティ・死生観との関係について : 定時制高校在籍者を対象とする分析

Problematic shopping and self-injurious behaviors in adolescents.

Background and aimsSelf-injurious behaviors (SIBs) and problematic shopping (PS) are both prevalent in adolescents. These behaviors have been proposed as behavioral addictions and linked to impulsivity (Imp) and sensation-seeking (SS). They are also associated with negative mental health and psychosocial measures. This study examined relationships between PS and SIB in adolescents. It also examined how PS and SIB relate to Imp and SS, and interactions between PS and SIB in relation to health/functioning measures.MethodsSurvey data from 2,624 Connecticut high-school students were evaluated using chi-square analyses. Next, logistic regression models were used to assess relationships between PS and measures of SIB. T-tests compared Imp and SS in adolescents with and without PS and SIB. Interaction analyses assessed effects of PS on relationships between SIB and health/functioning measures.ResultsAdolescents with PS had 3.43-fold higher odds of endorsing lifetime SIB than those without PS, and were more likely to exhibit severe SIB and disruption due to SIB. PS and SIB were associated with elevated Imp and SS. Interaction analyses revealed that in adolescents with PS, the relationships between SIB and substance use was weaker than in adolescents without PS. This suggests PS accounts for variance in relationships between SIB and substance use.Discussion and conclusionsPS is strongly related to SIB prevalence, severity, and impairment in adolescents, and weakens associations between SIB and substance use. PS should therefore be considered for prevention efforts for SIB. Further research should investigate mechanisms connecting PS and SIB and explore possible interventions targeting associated features like Imp and SS.

Comportamentos autolesivos, ajuste psicológico e relações familiares em adolescentes da região amazônica no Brasil

Adolescence is a period of important mental and organic transformations, and one strategy due experiencing negative emotions, is to self-harm. Objective of this study was to investigate the presence of self-injurious behaviors in adolescents, and association between anxiety symptomatology, depression and adolescents' perception of their relationship with parents. This work is part of a larger project called Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC). Proposed scope is to investigate adolescents of the Northern Region of Brazil (Amazon). Instruments used were Children Depression Inventory (CDI), Children Spence Anxiety Scale (SCAS), and HBSC Questionnaire. Sample consisted of 507 students from Rondonia, aged 13 to 15 years. Data analysis was performed through means of comparison of mean, percentage (t-test and chi-square) and analysis of variances. Results indicate that young people who self-harm have higher rates of depression and anxiety and that lacking perception of family support correlates directly with self-harm behavior. A better understanding of mental and emotional health in adolescence will provide adolescents with greater support for their internal conflicts.