Self-esteem In Decision Research Articles

Decision-making styles, magical thinking, and intolerance of uncertainty in opioid use disorder.

The global opioid use problem presents a complex public health challenge characterized by increasing overdoses, addiction rates, and fatalities. Personal factors such as cognitive traits, distress tolerance, and decision-making styles play a crucial role in influencing opioid use trajectories. This study aimed to investigate decision-making styles, magical ideation, and intolerance of uncertainty among current and past opioid users and healthy controls to contribute to the literature on opioid use disorder. Three groups were involved: current opioid users (n = 94), past opioid users (n = 93), and healthy controls (n = 100). Participants completed self-report scales assessing magical ideation, intolerance of uncertainty, and decision-making styles. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression. Current opioid users exhibited lower vigilance decision-making styles and higher magical ideation scores than past users and controls. Decisional self-esteem correlated positively with vigilant decision-making in current and past opioid users. Magical ideation scores correlated positively with maladaptive decision-making styles across all groups. Intolerance of uncertainty did not differ significantly between groups. This study emphasizes that decision-making styles and magical thinking might have significant roles in opioid use disorder. These results contribute valuable insights to tailor interventions and support systems for individuals struggling with opioid use disorder.

Investigating the predictive role of reflective thinking and decision making on creative thinking dispositions

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate whether university students’ decision-making styles and reflective thinking skills are significant predictors of their creative thinking dispositions. The study was carried out with 245 university students and the data were collected with Marmara Creative Thinking Dispositions Scale, Reflective Thinking Scale, and Melbourne Decision-Making Questionnaire. This study revealed that university students presented high creative thinking dispositions and reflective thinking skills as well as high decisional self-esteem. Also, most of them use vigilance as a decision-making style. Besides, reflective thinking skills, decisional self-esteem, and vigilance decision-making style were positively correlated to creative thinking dispositions while buck-passing, procrastination, and hyper-vigilance decision-making styles were negatively correlated to creative thinking dispositions. This study also showed that university students’ reflective thinking skills, decisional self-esteem, and decision-making styles significantly predicted their creative thinking dispositions, and 18% of the total variance on their creative thinking dispositions was explained by reflective thinking skills and decision-making styles.

The Effect of an Online Decision-Making Skills Psychoeducation Programme on University Students’ Decision-Making Styles: A Mixed Method Study

This study examines the effect on university students’ decision-making styles of an online decision-making skills psychoeducation programme focused on cognitive behavioural therapy. A nested design, which is one of the mixed method designs, was used in the study. In the quantitative part of the study, a quasi-experimental design was used to test the effect of the programme, while in the qualitative part, a phenomenological design was used. The quantitative data of the study were obtained through the “Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire”, while the qualitative data were obtained through a “Semi-Structured Interview Form”, “Session Evaluation Form” and “Psychoeducation Programme Evaluation Form”. The quantitative data of the study were collected from 22 participants, of whom 11 were in the experimental group and 11 were in the control group, and the qualitative data were collected from the 11 participants included in the experimental group. Descriptive statistics, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, the Friedman rank test, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples were used for the analysis of the quantitative data. Content analysis was performed on the qualitative data. As a result of the study, it was determined that the psychoeducation programme caused a partially significant increase in the decision-making self-esteem and vigilant decision-making style, a partially significant decrease in the avoidant decision-making style, and a significant decrease in the procrastinating decision-making style of the participants in the experimental group. However, it was observed that the psychoeducation programme did not have a significant effect on the hypervigilant decision-making style of the students in the experimental group. When the views of the participants in the experimental group about the psychoeducation programme were examined, the main views were that the content of the programme was considered satisfactory, that the programme was evaluated as an awareness-raising process, that it aroused positive and motivating emotions, and that it was a beneficial study that provided practical and tangible gains.

Does Perceived Management Style Affect Decision-Making Self-Esteem? A Study on Sports Managers

This research is carried out to examine the relationship between perceived managerial management styles and decision-making self-esteem (self-respect). The research is accomplished with the participation of 161 managers, 138 (85.7%) male and 23 (14.3%) female working in public and private sports institutions in Sakarya. The data are obtained by face-to-face survey technique from people determined by convenient sampling method. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling are used in the analysis of the data. According to the results of the research, a positive and significant relationship is found between the decision-making self-esteem of the participants and the autocratic and liberal management styles of their managers. A significant negative correlation is found between the decision-making self-esteem (DSE) and the democratic management (DM) approach of administrators. According to the managerial level, it is determined that while DM negatively affects the DSE in lower and middle level managers, this effect is insignificant. On the other hand, while the effect of autocratic management (AM) on DSE is positive and statistically significant in lower level managers, are negative and statistically insignificant middle level managers. Finally, while the effect of laissez-faire leadership (FLM) on DSE in lower level managers is not found to be positive and statistically significant, it is found to be positive and statistically significant in middle level managers.

Critical thinking dispositions and decision making as predictors of high school students’ perceived problem solving skills

In this non-experimental quantitative study, it was aimed to investigate if high school students’ critical thinking (CT) dispositions, decision making (DM) styles, and perceived problem solving (PS) skills differ by gender and their CT dispositions and DM styles are significant predictors of perceived PS skills. The study was carried out with 170 high school students and the data were collected with UF/EMI Critical Thinking Disposition Instrument, Problem Solving Skills Perception Scale, and Adolescent Decision Making Questionnaire. It was found out that gender did not significantly affect students’ CT dispositions, perceived PS skills, and DM styles except for decisional self-esteem. Also, CT dispositions (engagement, maturity, and innovativeness) and DM styles (decisional self-esteem, vigilance, panic, cop out, and complacency) were significant predictors of the students’ perceived PS skills. While CT dispositions explained 51% of the total variance on students’ perceived PS skills, DM styles explained 48% of the total variance.

The Effect of School Managers' Five-Factor Personality Traits on Decision-Making Processes

This study investigates the effects of the five-factor personality traits (FFPTs) of school administrators on decision-making processes. The research was conducted using one of the quantitative research approaches, the relational survey model. The research sample comprised 363 managers working in Istanbul during the academic year of 2020-2021, of which 133 were female, and 230 were male. Five-Factor Personality Traits Scale and Melbourne Decision-making Scale were used as data collection tools. Neuroticism, one of the subdimensions of the Big Five Inventory, was found to negatively influence self-esteem in decision-making, whereas extroversion, conscientiousness, openness, and agreeableness positively influenced self-esteem in giving. Neuroticism, one of the sub-dimensions of the Big Five Inventory, positively influenced attentive, avoidant, delaying, and frightened decision-making styles. In contrast, extroversion, conscientiousness, openness, and agreeableness negatively influenced these decision-making styles.

Decisional styles and online study activity: efficient, inefficient, misdirected or avoidant

ABSTRACT Within a Learning and Teaching Support platform, Janis and Mann’s (1977). “Emergency Decision Making: A Theoretical Analysis of Responses to Disaster Warnings.” Journal of Human Stress 3 (2): 35–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1977.9936085) model of decision making was used to examine relationships between people’s decisional styles, objective measurements of file use and the subsequent quality of their work. A total of 95 Undergraduate Psychology students consented to the monitoring of their online study behaviours, and completed the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire. Better online grades were linked to the general ability and better decisional self-esteem. Greater amounts of file access were associated with hypervigilance and more time spent online. The number of missed supplementary online quizzes was related to poorer decisional self-esteem, fewer files accessed online but less procrastination. While good decisional styles were associated with better quality outcomes, defective decisional styles can manifest online as greater file access or fewer tasks completed. An absence, inappropriate or an excess of online activity can indicate students are defensively avoidant or panicking and need assistance.

Appreciation of achievement and a behavioural preference to view failure: Schadenfreude online

The Tall Poppy Scale was used to examine individual differences in: 1) the appreciation of high achievers; 2) associated online behaviours. A sample of 165 New Zealand Europeans completed a decisional self-esteem scale and the Favour Reward and Favour Fall scales. Participants were then offered a debrief screen providing information about achievements or failures, and their interactions with the debrief screen were tracked. Participants with lower decisional self-esteem preferred that high achievers failed. Those expressing an interest in the failure of high achievers spent more time and clicked more on the debrief screen. Schadenfreude – interest (or pleasure) in the misfortune of others - was demonstrated behaviourally online.

MASA TENİSİ OYNAYAN SPORCULARIN KENDİ KENDİNE KONUŞMALARININ KARAR VERME STİLLERİ İLE İLİŞKİSİ

The purpose of this study is to examine the relation of self-talking with decision-making styles. A total of 143 table tennis players, including 67 females and 76 males with 22.79±7.79 average of age and average 10.01±6.30 sports years participated in the study. In order to collect data in the study, the self-talk scale developed by Zervas, Stavrou and Psychountaki (2007) and adapted to the Turkish Culture by Engur (2011), and the decision making styles scale developed by Mann et al. (1998) and adapted to Turkish by Deniz (2004) were used. According to the findings of the study, self-talk score, it was determined that self-esteem in decision making and careful decision-making scores were high and avoidant, procrastination and panic decision-making scores were low. According to the correlation analysis, cognitive function and motivational function dimensions were found to be positive with careful decision-making from sub-dimensions, and were found to be negative with procrastination and panic decision-making from sub-dimensions, and decision-making styles scale of cognitive function dimension were found to be positive with self-esteem dimension. Significant differences were determined in the sub-dimensions of the decision-making scale based on the playing for national team, age, and playing status in the leagues of the sports players. As a result, it was determined that self-talk of table tennis players in a positive way increases self-esteem and careful decision-making, while decreasing procrastination and panic and decision-making.

EXAMINATION OF DECISION SELF-ESTEEM AND DECISION-MAKING STYLES OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS ACCORDING TO METACOGNITION AND LEARNED RESOURCEFULNESS

This is a descriptive study conducted to examine whether decision self-esteem and decision-making styles of university students differ according to metacognition, learned resourcefulness, and gender. The study sample consists of a total of 467 university students. The collected data were analyzed by MANOVA-Wilks’ Lambda(λ) Test, Pillai’s Trace Test, t-test and Discriminant Analysis Test. The study results demonstrate that the niversity students with functional metacognition and high learned resourcefulness have a high levels of self-confident decision making. The university students with functional metacognition and high learned resourcefulness were found to have avoidance, panic, and procrastination decision-making styles which are significantly lower than those of the university students with dysfunctional metacognition and low learned resourcefulness. The study found that female university students have a high levels of panic decision-making style. Key Words: Metacognition, Learned Resourcefulness, Decision Self-Esteem, Decision-Making Styles, University Students

Determination of the High School Students' Decision-Making Styles and Self-Esteem in Decision Making According to Some Variables

Determination of the High School Students' Decision-Making Styles and Self-Esteem in Decision Making According to Some Variables

Validation and invariance across age and gender for the Melbourne Decision-Making Questionnaire in a sample of Portuguese adults

AbstractThe personal pattern of coping with the stress associated with making decisions characterizes the way an individual makes choices and judgments. The Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire (MDMQ) analyses these personal patterns and has been used across various cultures in order to assess four main strategies: vigilance, buck-passing, procrastination, and hypervigilance. We sought to adapt and validate a Portuguese version of the MDMQ. Our study was conducted with a sample of 523 Portuguese people aged 18 or older. The questionnaire retained the original four scales, which represent four different decisional patterns, showing good reliability and validity – concurrent as well as predictive – and invariance for gender and age. The coping pattern with the highest mean was vigilance, while procrastination had the lowest mean. In contrast to other studies of the MDMQ, our sample had a more diversified distribution of age. Young adults were less capable than older adults of managing stress when making decisions, due to their higher levels of buck-passing, hypervigilance, and procrastination. Vigilance showed stronger correlations to positive affect, satisfaction with life, and better decisional self-esteem, while the remaining scales were related to negative affect, reduced decisional self-esteem, and lower satisfaction with life. These decision-making styles are chosen depending on time constraints, pressure, or other contextual characteristics. These results suggest that individuals resort to more convenient patterns according to their situation, and that these patterns of decision-making can be trained, developed, and improved.

Cannabis, Decision-Making, and Online Assistance Seeking.

Maladaptive decision-making strategies could contribute to cannabis-related problems, as some individuals may neither select safe patterns of cannabis use, nor seek treatment. To explore decision-making styles and their relationship to cannabis-related harm, 153 respondents completed the Cannabis Use Disorders Identification Test-Revised (CUDIT-R), the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire (MDMQ), and answered questions about their willingness to seek online: (1) further information or (2) treatment for cannabis-related issues. Multiple regression considered relationships between problematic cannabis use, decision-making style, and cannabis use within the past month. Subscales of the CUDIT-R revealed that: (1) hazardous use was associated with higher hypervigilance and higher decisional self-esteem; (2) dependence symptoms were associated with lower vigilance and higher procrastination; and (3) harmful use was associated with higher procrastination. People with symptoms of CUD were less likely to seek further help or support online if prone to procrastination or buckpasssing. Decisional style influenced cannabis use and symptoms. Those people with cannabis-related problems that did not seek online assistance were defensively avoidant. Procrastination is a feature of problematic cannabis use. Online offers of assistance may be ignored by defensively avoidant CUD clients. (Am J Addict 2019;00:1-7).

Perceived decision-making styles among individuals with obsessive-compulsive and hoarding disorders

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and hoarding disorder (HD) struggle with decision-making. One potentially important aspect of decision-making that has yet to be studied in relation to OCD and HD is decision-making style, a trait-like pattern of responding that is relatively stable across a variety of decision-making situations. The aim of the present study was to investigate the extent to which people with OCD and/or HD report specific decision-making styles and low levels of decisional self-esteem. Participants who self-identified as having OCD (n = 30), HD (n = 19), both OCD and HD (n = 33), or neither (n = 78) completed a measure of how they make important decisions, as well as symptom measures. Compared to controls, individuals with OCD and/or HD perceived themselves to be less confident and respected decision-makers, avoid decision-making and brood about making bad decisions more, and rely less on intuition when making decisions. Compared to those with HD, individuals with OCD reported being more anxious and dependent on others and less spontaneous when making decisions. Future research should examine whether these decision-making styles lead to maladaptive decision-making outcomes, their role vis-à-vis the maintenance of symptoms, and the mechanisms for these tendencies.

Investigation of Prospective Kickboxing Coaches’ Self-Esteem in Decision Making and Decision Making Styles

Decision refers to the act of choosing the most appropriate type of action possible according to present possibilities and conditions in order to achieve an aim. Decision making covers all cognitive and behavioral effort for choosing and preferring in the face of various situations and events. Starting from this point of view, in our study, it was aimed to investigate prospective kickboxing students’ self-esteem in decision making and decision making styles.The study included 62 voluntary prospective coaches, who participated in a kickboxing coaching in the city center of Elazığ in 2017. In order to obtain personal information from the participant prospective coaches in the study, a personal information form (age, gender, years of doing sports) was formed. In order to investigate the self-esteem in decision making and decision making styles of prospective kickboxing coaches, the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire, which was originally developed by Mann et al., (1998) and adapted into Turkish by Deniz (2004), was utilized. The obtained data were evaluated by using SPSS statistics package software and the level of significance was regarded as p<0.05.As a result of the study, according to participants’ variables of age, gender and years of doing sports, the comparison of prospective teachers’ decision making and decision making style mean scores did not constitute a statistically significant difference. The self-esteem levels of coaches in decision making were observed to be significantly high.

LİSE DÜZEYİNDEKİ MİLLİ SPORCULARIN KARAR VERMEDE ÖZSAYGI VE KARAR VERME STİLLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Research was carried out to determine self-esteem in decision making and decision-making styles of high school student national athletes in Wrestling, Boxing, Karate, Taekwondo and Judo branches in terms of branch and year of doing sports variables. In the research, the descriptive survey method which aimed to reveal the current situation was used. A total of 135 students engaging in fighting sports and studying in different high schools in Erzurum province, participated in the study. In the research, Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire consisting of two parts, developed by Mann et al. (1998) and adapted to Turkish by Deniz (2004) was used as the data collection tool. For data analysis, the Mann-Whitney U test was used for paired comparisons and Kruskal-Wallis Variance Analysis was used for multiple comparisons. The significance level in the research, α=0.05 was selected. As a result of the research, it was observed that panic decision making and postponer decision making styles which were sub-dimensions of the scale of decision-making styles, differentiated significantly in terms of athletes engaging in taekwondo branch. It was concluded that the level of self-esteem in decision making differentiated significantly in judo branch. When levels of self-esteem in decision making were examined, it was concluded that self-esteem levels of those engaging in sports for 1 year and less in decision-making decision differentiated significantly according to the year of doing sports and the sub-dimensions of decision-making style scale did not differ differentiated significantly.

Study on High School Teachers’ Self-Esteem in Decision Making and Decision Making Styles

Study on High School Teachers’ Self-Esteem in Decision Making and Decision Making Styles

A study to explore if dentists' anxiety affects their clinical decision-making.

Aims To develop a measure of dentists' anxiety in clinical situations; to establish if dentists' anxiety in clinical situations affected their self-reported clinical decision-making; to establish if occupational stress, as demonstrated by burnout, is associated with anxiety in clinical situations and clinical decision-making; and to explore the relationship between decision-making style and the clinical decisions which are influenced by anxiety.Design Cross-sectional study.Setting Primary Dental Care.Subjects and methods A questionnaire battery [Maslach Burnout Inventory, measuring burnout; Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire, measuring decision-making style; Dealing with Uncertainty Questionnaire (DUQ), measuring coping with diagnostic uncertainty; and a newly designed Dentists' Anxieties in Clinical Situations Scale, measuring dentists' anxiety (DACSS-R) and change of treatment (DACSS-C)] was distributed to dentists practicing in Nottinghamshire and Lincolnshire. Demographic data were collected and dentists gave examples of anxiety-provoking situations and their responses to them.Main outcome measure Respondents' self-reported anxiety in various clinical situations on a 11-point Likert Scale (DACSS-R) and self-reported changes in clinical procedures (Yes/No; DACSS-C). The DACSS was validated using multiple t-tests and a principal component analysis. Differences in DACSS-R ratings and burnout, decision-making and dealing with uncertainty were explored using Pearson correlations and multiple regression analysis. Qualitative data was subject to a thematic analysis.Results The DACSS-R revealed a four-factor structure and had high internal reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.94). Those with higher DACSS-R scores of anxiety were more likely to report changes in clinical procedures (DACSS-C scores). DACSS-R scores were associated with decision-making self-esteem and style as measured by the MDMQ and all burnout subscales, though not with scores on the DUQ scale.Conclusion Dentists' anxiety in clinical situations does affect the way that dentists work clinically, as assessed using the newly designed and validated DACSS. This anxiety is associated with measures of burnout and decision-making style with implications for training packages for dentists.

Assessment of the Correlation between Self-esteem in Decision-making and Decision-making Styles of Football Referees in terms of their Refereeing Experience and Violence Perceptions

The study was conducted in order to determine self-esteem in decision-making and decisionmaking styles of football referees in terms of their experience and violence perceptions and to examine the correlation between their self-esteem in decision-making and decision-making styles. The population of the study was composed 1080 referees who were assigned to the matches of the 7th region where there were 8 provinces under Turkish Football Federation during 2014-2015 football season. The sample of the study was composed of 554 referees who were recruited with random sampling method. As the data collection tool and in order to determine referees’ self-esteem in decision-making and decision-making styles; Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire I-II -designed by Mann et al. (1998) and adapted by Deniz (2004) into Turkish was used. As the result of the study; it was seen that there was a significant difference in self-esteem in decision-making and procrastination decision-making style in terms of refereeing experiences and in self-esteem in decision-making and buckpassing decision-making style in terms of their violence perceptions. It was noted that there were significant correlations between referees’ self-esteem in decision-making and decisionmaking subscales.

Cannabis, alcohol use, psychological distress, and decision-making style

ABSTRACTIntroduction: There have been suggestions of hypofrontality in cannabis users. To understand cannabis-related differences in decisional processes, Janis and Mann’s conflict model of decision making was applied to recreational cannabis smokers who varied in their alcohol use and level of psychological distress. Method: An online sample of recreational substance users (114 male, 119 female) completed the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Kessler’s Psychological Distress Scale (K10), and the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS) for cannabis. Results: Multivariate analysis of variance examined self-reported decision-making styles as a function of gender, recent cannabis use, risky alcohol consumption, and levels of psychological distress. Psychological distress was associated with lower decisional self-esteem and higher levels of procrastination and buck-passing. There were gender differences associated with cannabis use. Female cannabis users reported higher levels of hypervigilance, while male cannabis users reported lower levels of buck-passing. Conclusions: Although there was little indication of an avoidant decisional style in cannabis users, the results suggest that cannabis affects decisional processes, contributing to panic in females and impulsivity in males.