Self-efficacy Enhancement Program Research Articles

Exploring the effect of self-efficacy enhancement program on medication adherence and self-efficacy among patients with acute coronary syndrome

Exploring the effect of self-efficacy enhancement program on medication adherence and self-efficacy among patients with acute coronary syndrome

Effectiveness of the Breastfeeding Self-efficacy and Family Support Enhancement Program among First-time Postpartum Mothers: A Randomized Controlled Trial

First-time mothers often lack effective breastfeeding techniques and may perceive they have insufficient milk due to inadequate experience in breastfeeding. There are limited programs for enhancing effective breastfeeding and perceived sufficient milk among first-time mothers in Thailand. This randomized controlled trial study investigated the effects of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy and Family Support Enhancement Program on effective breastfeeding and perceived sufficient milk among first-time mothers. The participants included 64 pairs of first-time mothers with normal labor and their family members. They were recruited from an antenatal clinic in a province of Thailand and randomly assigned to the experimental arm (n = 32) to receive the program in addition to standard care or the control arm (n = 32) to receive only standard care. Data were collected using the Demographic and Obstetric Data Questionnaires, the Bristol Breastfeeding Assessment Tool, H&H Lactation Scale for first-time mothers, and a demographic data questionnaire for family members. Data analysis was performed with descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and two-way mixed ANOVA. The results indicated that, after receiving the program, the mean scores on effective breastfeeding and perceived sufficient milk at days 3, 10, and 28 postpartum in the experiment group were significantly higher than before receiving the program and significantly higher than that of the control group. Nurses can integrate this program to train family members to support first-time mothers in breastfeeding continuously and increase first-time mothers’ confidence in their ability to breastfeed effectively and perceive milk sufficiency. However, further testing of the program effectiveness is warranted.

The Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Enhancement Program with LINE Application among Mothers with Cesarean Section: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Exclusive breastfeeding has been shown to promote health outcomes for infants and mothers. Mothers with cesarean section may have reduced confidence in their ability to breastfeed exclusively, especially during the first month postpartum. This quasi-experimental study examined the effects of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Enhancement Program with LINE Application on breastfeeding self-efficacy and exclusive breastfeeding four weeks after childbirth among mothers with a cesarean section. Fifty-two pregnant women prepared for cesarean section at a university hospital in central Thailand were divided into the experimental (n = 26) and control groups (n = 26). The experimental group received the program and usual care. The control group received only usual care. The instruments used for data collection consisted of the Demographic Characteristics Form, the Breast Feeding Self-efficacy Scale-short form, and the Infant Feeding Forms. Descriptive statistics, t-test and Fisher’s exact test were applied for data analysis. Results demonstrated that after participating in the intervention program for four weeks, the experimental group had higher mean scores of breastfeeding self-efficacy and rates of exclusive breastfeeding than those in the control group. The Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Enhancement Program with LINE Application contributed to higher breastfeeding self-efficacy and rates of exclusive breastfeeding for mothers with cesarean section. Nurse midwives can use this program in practice. However, the program needs to be further tested and content may need to be modified before being widely used.

The development and evaluation of a self-efficacy enhancement program for older adults with mild cognitive impairment

ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to develop a self-efficacy enhancement program and to evaluate its effect on cognitive function, dementia knowledge, self-efficacy, depression, and dementia preventive behaviors in older adults (age ≥ 65 years) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). MethodsThis equivalent control group pretest-posttest study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Seoul, South Korea. Older adults with MCI were randomly allocated to an experimental (EG, n = 16) or control group (CG, n = 16). The EG underwent an 8-week intervention (weekly 60-min session) utilizing self-efficacy enhancement strategies; the CG received usual care. The intervention was comprised of physical, cognitive, and emotional activities and was followed by 4-week maintenance during which both groups engaged in self-learning at home with a dementia preventive guidebook. Outcome data were evaluated at the pretest and 8, 10, and 12 weeks later. This study adhered to the CONSORT guidelines. ResultsThere were significant differences in cognitive function, dementia knowledge, self-efficacy, and dementia preventive behaviors, but not in depression between the two groups over the time. Regarding cognitive function subdomains, significant differences were observed in visuospatial/executive, attention, language, and delayed recall. ConclusionThe integrated intervention consisting of physical, cognitive, and emotional activities was effective in improving cognitive function, dementia knowledge, self-efficacy, and dementia preventive behaviors. This suggests that this program can be utilized as an educational program to prevent dementia in older adults with MCI in dementia support centers, public health centers, clinics, and hospitals. Trial registrationKCT0006094 in the Clinical Research Information Service. Retrospectively registered 23 April 2021, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/listDetail.do

Effectiveness of a Nurse-led Program to Enhance Self-efficacy of Pregnant Adolescents and Reduce their Fear of Childbirth: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Fear of childbirth is a common feeling experienced by pregnant women, and it can occur before, during, or after childbirth. Intense fear has a detrimental effect on physical and psychological statuses of the pregnant women. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to examine the effectiveness of a nurse-led program together with the mobile phone application to enhance pregnant adolescents’ childbirth self-efficacy and reduce their fear of childbirth. The sample was pregnant adolescents receiving antenatal care in a regional hospital in Southern Thailand. Using the minimization procedure, pregnant adolescents were assigned to either an experimental group receiving the program (n = 64) or a control group receiving routine care (n = 64). The instruments used for data collection consisted of a demographic characteristics form, the Fear of Childbirth in the Third Trimester Questionnaire, and the Thai Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and independent t-test. The results showed that after completion of the intervention program, the participants in the experimental group had a significantly higher mean score on childbirth self-efficacy and lower fear of childbirth than before the intervention. When comparing the two groups after completion of the program, results showed a significantly higher childbirth self-efficacy mean score, and lower fear of childbirth mean score in the experimental group than those in the control group. The results indicate that application of childbirth self-efficacy enhancement program can increase self-efficacy and reduce fear of childbirth in pregnant adolescents. Therefore, it is a promising program for caring pregnant adolescents but needs to be tested with other samples before implementation in practice.

The Development and Effectiveness of a Self-Efficacy Enhancement Program for Older Adults With MCI

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a self-efficacy enhancement program and examine its effectiveness in enhancing dementia preventive behaviors by improving cognitive function, dementia knowledge, and self-efficacy, and reducing depression of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: An equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was conducted at an advanced general hospital in Seoul. Participants of older adults with MCI visiting clinics were randomly allocated to an experimental group (EG, n=16) and a control group (CG, n=16). The EG was provided with a 8-week intervention (60-minute, weekly) utilizing self-efficacy enhancement strategies and the CG received the usual care. The intervention was an integrated configuration making up of physical, cognitive, and emotional activity and followed by a 4-week maintenance during which both groups engaged in self-learning at home with a dementia preventive guidebook. Outcomes were evaluated at pretest, 1st (8th week), 2nd (10th week) and 3rd posttest(12th week). Results: There were significant differenes in cognitive functions, dementia knowledge, self-efficacy, and dementia preventive behaviors, but not in depression between two groups over the time. Regarding cognitive function’ subdomains, significant differences were observed for visuospatial/executive, attention, language, and delayed recall. Conclusions. The integrated intervention consisting of physical, cognitive, and emotional activities, not a simple merger of single intervention focused on cognitive reinforcement, was effective in improving their cognitive functions, dementia knowledge, self-efficacy, and dementia preventive behaviors. It suggests that this program can be utilized as an education program to prevent dementia for MCI in dementia support centers, public health centers, clinics, and hospitals.

The Outcome of a Self-Efficacy Enhancement Program for Cervical Cancer Screening among Women in Phrasaeng District, Suratthani Province, Thailand.

Objective:The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of a self-efficacy enhancement program on perceived self-efficacy and cervical cancer screening among women. Methods:This research was quasi-experimental research, using the subjects consisted of 130 samples; each of the experimental and control group consisted of 65 samples. The experimental group received a self-efficacy enhancement program. The control group received knowledge and usual care by health personnel in the health promoting hospital. The duration of the research was 8 weeks. The self-efficacy was testing the reliability equal to 0.90. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and t-test. Results:The mean scores of perceived self-efficacy between the experimental and control group before using the program (M=2.18, S.D.=0.40; M=2.22, S.D.=0.39), there was no significantly different (p> 0.05). The mean scores of perceived self-efficacy between the experimental and control group after using the program (M=4.11, S.D.=0.44; M=2.28, S.D.=0.42), there was a significantly different (p< 0.001). The mean scores of perceived self-efficacy of the experimental group before and after using the program were higher, (M=2.18, S.D.=0.40; M=4.11, S.D.=0.44), there was a significantly different (p< 0.001). The experimental group came to screening 64 people (98.5 %), and the control group came to screening eight people (12.3 %), calculated ratio as 8:1 and compared the cervical cancer screening in the experimental and control group had differences significantly (p< 0.001). Conclusion:The self-efficacy enhancement program, resulting in increased screening rates and screened after the first week by having most screening tests in the community. Therefore, the program should be applied, and proactive services should be provided for women to have access in community and a health service place.

유방암 생존자의 건강관리 자기역량 강화 프로그램 개발 및 효과성 평가 연구

유방암 생존자의 건강관리 자기역량 강화 프로그램 개발 및 효과성 평가 연구

Effects of a self-efficacy enhancement program on recurrence prevention behaviors among patients with urolithiasis (P. 79)

Effects of a self-efficacy enhancement program on recurrence prevention behaviors among patients with urolithiasis (P. 79)

Executive Function and School Adjustment in Upper Elementary School Students: Mediating Effect of Self-Efficacy

Objectives The main purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between executive function (i.e., inhibition, working memory, and shifting) and school adjustment in upper elementary school students. Methods A total of 69 upper elementary school students participated in this study. They responded to questions regarding their perceived self-efficacy and school adjustment, and in addition, three tasks of executive function were administered: Stroop color and word test, digit span test, and trail making test. Results The subjects’ perceived self-efficacy was found to partially mediate the relationship between their ability to inhibit and shift and school adjustment. However, the relationship between working memory and school adjustment was not mediated by self-efficacy. Conclusion This study highlights the importance of executive function and self-efficacy on school adjustment during the upper elementary school period. Findings from this study may be useful for the development of a self-efficacy enhancement program for upper elementary school students. Keywords: executive function, self-efficacy, school adjustment

Evaluation of a self-efficacy enhancement program to prevent pressure ulcers in patients with a spinal cord injury.

This study developed a self-efficacy enhancement program and evaluated its effects on the self-care behaviors, self-care knowledge, and self-efficacy regarding pressure ulcer prevention in patients with a spinal cord injury. This was a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Six hospitals were invited to recruit patients with a spinal cord injury who were undergoing rehabilitation after receiving acute treatment. These hospitals were randomly allocated into experimental (three hospitals) or control (three hospitals) groups and 47 patients participated (24 in the experimental group and 23 in the control group). The experimental group was given an 8 week self-efficacy enhancement program for pressure ulcer prevention. The self-efficacy enhancement program consisted of small-group face-to-face intervention (education and skills training), education with computer animation, phone counseling, face-to-face counseling, and self-management records. The control group only received a pressure ulcer prevention information booklet. Self-care knowledge, self-efficacy, self-care behaviors, and pressure ulcer incidence were measured at baseline and after the 8 week self-efficacy enhancement program. The experimental group showed a significantly greater improvement in self-care knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-care behaviors for pressure ulcer prevention than did the control group. One participant in the control group developed a pressure ulcer, while none of the participants in the experimental group developed a pressure ulcer; this difference was not statistically significant. The self-efficacy enhancement program enabled patients with a spinal cord injury to engage in continued self-care behaviors and helped them to improve their knowledge and self-efficacy concerning pressure ulcer prevention.

The effect of self-efficacy enhancement program on medication adherence among post-acute myocardial infarction

Aim and backgroundStudies have reported that adherence to medications after hospital discharge for myocardial infarction is poor with about 12% to 20% of patients discontinue their medications six months after discharge. This study aimed to examine the effect of self-efficacy enhancement program on medication adherence in post-acute myocardial infarction patients. MethodsA total 44 patient with post-acute myocardial infarction were recruited from the in-patient department, Police General Hospital. The participants were random assigned into control group and experimental group. The control group received conventional care while the experimental group attended a four-week self-efficacy enhancement program, which included motivation, skill practice, and monitoring skills. The mean self-efficacy score between groups was assessed. The pill count was used to measure medication adherence. Correlations between self-efficacy and medication adherence were examined. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic, Pearson's correlation, and t-test. ResultsThe mean score on medication adherence of the experiment group who attended the self-efficacy enhancement program was significantly greater than the control group (t=−2.77; df=21; p=0.01). The mean scores of self-efficacy between the experimental and control group were 35.73 (SD=4.11) and 35.41 (SD=3.78). The correlations between self-efficacy and medication adherence were significantly (r=1.00, p=0.00). ConclusionThe effectiveness of self-efficacy enhancement program was effective in improving medication adherence in Thai post-acute myocardial infarction.

Randomized controlled trial of a self-efficacy enhancement program for the cardiac rehabilitation of Thai patients with myocardial infarction.

This study examined the effects of a self-efficacy enhancement program for the cardiac rehabilitation of Thai patients who had a myocardial infarction. Sixty-six hospitalized patients of various ages and both genders were randomly assigned to either an experimental or a control group. Participants in the experimental group took part in three individualized in-hospital education sessions and three weekly sessions of telephone counseling. The control group primarily engaged in a supervised exercise and activities of a daily living performance regimen, and received education in this regard. Self-efficacy and functional status were measured via questionnaire. Four weeks after discharge, the experimental group was found to have significantly higher total self-efficacy and functional status scores than the control group. In addition, the experimental group exhibited significantly higher subscale scores on social activity, household tasks, occupation, and exercise self-efficacy than the control group. These results indicate that the program is effective in improving the self-efficacy and functional status of Thai patients who have had a myocardial infarction.

Dig to Live: An Investigation of the Psychological Well-Being of Women Miners in Davao Oriental, Southeastern Philippines

This study aimed to determine the psychosocial health status of women artisanal miners in the Philippines. Their socio-demographic characteristics and psychosocial health status are described to formulate a self-efficacy enhancement program to respond to their needs. This study utilized a descriptive multiple case study design. Primary data were gathered via a simple questionnaire regarding the respondents' socio-demographic profile and psychosocial health status. Other primary data sources included key informant interviews, respondents' journal entries, observations and outputs during the structured learning exercises, focus group discussion transcripts, and a researcher's log. Documentary reviews also were utilized to obtain additional facts. The respondents were selected through a fishbowl method. Results show that the participants' coping process, attitude of perseverance and stress management have a moderate impact on their ability to manage life experiences. The study resulted in a proposal for a self-efficacy enhancement program to improve the psychosocial health of women artisanal miners.Keywords: women miners, psychosocial health, coping process, stress management, self-efficacyIn March 2008, the theme Babae, Yaman Ka Ng Boyan [Woman, You Are a Treasure of the Nation], emphasizing the worth of women in nation building, was bannered to celebrate Women's Month in the Philippines. In Barangay Puntalinao, Banaybanay, Davao Oriental, Philippines, active artisanal and small-scale magnesite mining activities are visible to the community and visitors. Banaybanay is the last municipality of Davao Oriental, bordering the municipality of the Pantukan, Compostela Valley Province. Women join men at tilling and extracting minerals from steep mountains. This site was visited in October 2007 for an environmental scanning and initial investigation. The idea of conducting a study was discussed with the artisanal miners and they showed interest in the benefits of the study.The southern part of Mindanao is rich in mineral resources. Nickel reserves are worth $215 billion (USD), copper reserves are worth $6.49 billion and gold reserves are worth $2.01 billion. Mindanao accounts for 48% of the country's gold and 83% of the nickel reserves. According to Ambassador Li Jinjun, investors believe that the mining industry is the ace of Mindanao. In agreement, former resident of the Republic and current congresswoman of the province of Pampanga, the Honorable Gloria Macapagal Arroyo has made the revival of the mining industry one of her key tools in sustaining the country's economic growth (Bautista, 2005).According to the United Nations Development Program (1999), women involved in mining are more likely to be family-centered than men and spend their earnings on food, clothing, education and agriculture. In the Philippines, women artisanal miners' daily routine involves direct exposure to sunlight, climbing difficult mountains, tilling and extracting minerals, and carrying heavy sacks of rocks, in addition to household chores and family obligations after work. Moreover, some women are undergoing the physiological discomforts of menopause.In a focus group discussion (FGD) on perseverance, the women artisanal miners reported that they can bear the heat of the sun, the hazards at work and the workload at home in order to preserve their families and provide what is needed. Their husbands' incomes are not enough for their families' basic needs, typical of the life conditions of the rural poor in the Philippines. According to the Barangay Captain [Puntalinao community leader], these women persist at low-paying quarrying activities to subsist. Women artisanal miners manifest the spirit to persevere in life through their backbreaking work hours. This labor includes quarrying the rocks with a hammer and wedge, hitting the rocks in succession to break them into small pieces, packing them in a sack (which generally weighs no less than 110 pounds), and carrying the sacks to the buyer's loading area. …

An Exploration of the Psychosocial Health Status of Women Artisanal Miners in Mindanao, Philippines

This study aimed to determine the psychosocial health status of women artisanal miners in Barangay Puntalinao, Banaybanay, Davao Oriental where small-scale mining of raw magnesite rocks is prevalent. This study utilized a descriptive multiple case study research design. Primary data were gathered through the use of a questionnaire on the respondent's socio-demographic profile and survey of psychosocial health status. Other primary data sources include key informant interviews, respondent's journal entries, observations and outputs during the structured learning exercises, focus group discussion transcripts, and the researcher's log. Documentary reviews were also utilized to gather additional facts. Results show that the coping process, attitude of perseverance, and stress management of the women artisanal miners have moderate impact on the ability to manage life experiences. Thus, the study proposed a self-efficacy enhancement program as an intervention to improve the psychosocial health status of women artisanal miners.

Career Self-efficacy Enhancement Program for Middle School Students Using Audio-visual Methods

Career Self-efficacy Enhancement Program for Middle School Students Using Audio-visual Methods

The Development of Career Self-Efficacy Enhancement Program for High School Students

The Development of Career Self-Efficacy Enhancement Program for High School Students

Improving Activities of Daily Living for Nursing Home Elder Persons in Taiwan

Excess disability among nursing home elder persons can be prevented or remediated. Because of self-selected disuse and caregiver support of dependency, nursing home residents are likely to develop excess disability. No study was found to test a theory-based program aimed at improving elder persons' self-care abilities for Taiwanese nursing home elder persons who are at risk for developing excess disability. The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of a theory-based intervention program on self-care, specifically on activities of daily living (ADLs) performance among nursing home elder persons in Taiwan. A secondary aim was to determine the correlation between ADLs performance and three bliss concepts: life satisfaction, self-esteem, and motivation in health behavior. This study used a quasi-experimental, two-group, pretest-posttest design. Forty-two qualified participants were recruited from two nursing homes located in southern Taiwan and assigned to either the experimental group (n = 21) or the comparison group (n = 21). Participants in the experimental group received the Self-Care Self-Efficacy Enhancement Program (SCSEEP), and those in the comparison group received biweekly social visits for 6 weeks. Levels of ADLs performance were measured by Tappen's Refined ADL Assessment Scale. Life satisfaction was measured by Adams' Life Satisfaction Index A. Self-esteem was measured by Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale. Motivation in health behavior was measured by Cox's Health Self-Determinism Index. Elder persons receiving the SCSEEP had significant improvement in feeding, dressing, grooming, and washing activities. Self-esteem (p = .011) and life satisfaction (p = .033) but not motivation in health behavior (p = .282) were positively correlated with levels of ADLs performance. The SCSEEP provides a theory-based intervention model for Taiwanese nursing home elder persons aimed at improving ADLs performance. Further research with a larger sample size is needed to determine the long-term maintenance and effectiveness of this theory-driven SCSEEP in specific culture groups.