Care Self-management Education Research Articles

The impact of an applied menstrual self-care education program given to adolescents with intellectual disabilities and their mothers on their knowledge, skills, and anxiety levels

Objectives This study aimed to examine the effect of an applied menstrual self-care management education program provided to adolescents with intellectual disabilities and their mothers on their knowledge, skills, and anxiety levels. Methods A quasi-experimental design based on pre-test and post-test models was conducted with two different groups. The population consisted of adolescents with intellectual disabilities attending three special education and rehabilitation centers in a province and their mothers, while the sample included 32 adolescents with intellectual disabilities and their mothers who met the research criteria. Data were collected using a Demographic Information and Menstrual Characteristics Form and the Beck Anxiety Scale. Descriptive statistical methods (Mean, Standard Deviation) and t-test were employed. Results The applied education program provided education to both mothers and adolescents with intellectual disabilities using a simulator model demonstrating the perineal area and a guide developed for menstrual self-care, and they were asked to perform the practices. Following the education, both mothers and adolescents with intellectual disabilities showed effective gains in knowledge and skills, while also experiencing a reduction in anxiety. Conclusions Providing the same education to both mothers and adolescents with intellectual disabilities not only reduced potential caregiving issues but also facilitated communication between the adolescent and the mother. The study enabled adolescents with intellectual disabilities to realize their potential and decreased dependency on their mothers for care.

Comparison of Self-Care Behavior through Diabetes Self-Care Management Education in Type 2 DM Patients in Urban And Rural

Comparison of Self-Care Behavior through Diabetes Self-Care Management Education in Type 2 DM Patients in Urban And Rural

PENGARUH DIABETES SELF CARE MANAGEMENT EDUCATION TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PARIAMAN

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is now growing into a global health problem, its prevalence in 2019 was 371 million cases and is predicted to increase by 55 percent to 592 million in 2035. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of diabetes self-care management education on the knowledge of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus sufferers in the Pariaman Health Center Work Area, Pariaman City. The type of quasi-experimental research with one group pretest posttest design. Sampling was carried out using the total sampling technique, namely 36 respondents. The data collection tool used was a questionnaire filled in by the researcher and data processing was carried out using a computerized system. The results showed that most of the respondents (61.1%) had a low level of knowledge before being given diabetes self-care management education. Almost all respondents (86.1%) experienced an increase in their knowledge after being given diabetes self-care management education. Statistical analysis showed that there was an effect of diabetes self-care management education on increasing knowledge in type 2 diabetes mellitus sufferers in the Pariaman Health Center Work Area (p-value = 0.000 <0.05). In conclusion, providing diabetes self-care management education increases the knowledge of type 2 diabetes mellitus sufferers in the Pariaman Health Center Work Area.

Nurses' perspectives on the provision of self-care management education to patients with heart failure: A qualitative study at Cardiac Hospital, Dar es Salaam Tanzania.

Patients' education along with a motivation for developing self-care management skills is an essential component in the management of heart failure(HF). Self-care management education has been practiced by nurses in many hospitals. However, there is inadequate evidence for the provision of self-care management education in low-income countries including Tanzania. Lack of self-care management education to patients with HF during discharge is the most common reason for re-admission to hospitals. This study aimed to explore nurses' perspectives focusing on facilitators and barriers to the provision of self-care management education to patients with heart failure at Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. This study used a qualitative descriptive design. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 12 study participants. In-depth interviews were used to collect the data. We used thematic analysis to come up with the themes and sub-themes. The two major themes emerged from this study; The first theme is "Improved patient quality of life and health outcome" which describes factors that motivate nurses to continue giving self-care management education to heart failure patients. The second theme is "Reduced effective uptake of self-care management education" which describes nurses'perspectives on barriers for providing self-care management education to heart falure patients. Nurses highlight some barriers while providing self-care management education to patients with heart failure including;inadequate knowledge of self-care management among nurses, lack of privacy during the provision of self-care education, poor communication skills among nurses, and lack of learning materials. Also, nurses pointed out facilitators that influence the provision of self-care management education such as increased involvement of family members and the use of peer educators. Poor self-care management for patients with heart failure results in readmission and prolonged hospital stay. Family involvement and the use of peer educators are the key steps in the improvement of self-care management for patients with HF. However, patient cognitive impairment and poverty which contribute to poor health outcomes, should be taken into consideration when planning for discharge for patients with HF. Self-care management education should be part of routine health care.

Telenursing-Based Self-Care Management Education Improves The Quality Of Life Of Hypertension Sufferers In The Rural Area Pragaan Health Center

Background: A person's view of their life within the framework of their culture and values, which encompass the areas of physical, psychological, social, and environmental activities, is referred to as their quality of life. In order to raise awareness and promote self-care, intervention measures are desperately needed. The purpose of this research is to evaluate how telenursing education affects hypertension patients' quality of life. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental methodology. With a simple random sample, the population consisted of sixty hypertensive people. The sixty-person sample was split into two groups: thirty individuals in the treatment group got an educational intervention centered around supportive care, while thirty individuals in the control group were given hypertension pamphlets. Results: The quality of life score in the treatment group following the intervention was p = 0.000, according to research based on the independent t-test. The study's findings demonstrated the effectiveness of telenursing instruction in raising hypertension patients' quality of life; as such, this intervention may catalyze raising hypertensive patients' levels of self-care. Conclusion: In conclusion, telenursing education support has an impact on hypertension patients' quality of life.

An intervention to improve self-care among people with diabetes mellitus: A quasi-experimental study

Abstract Background An increased self-efficacy promotes better diabetes self-care behaviours, which help in achieving glycemic targets among patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted among patients with T2DM living in rural areas of Punjab, North India. A total of 283 in the intervention and 291 in the control arms were participated at baseline, and a total of 242 in the intervention and 237 in the control arms at endline assessments. Summary of diabetes self-care activities and diabetes management self-efficacy questionnaires were used at baseline and endline (after 6 months) surveys. Outcomes were net changes in proportion of population having diabetes self-management self-efficacy, overall diabetes self-care activities (health dietary habits, physical activity, adequate foot care, medication adherence and blood glucose monitoring) and net mean change in HbA1c. Data were analysed using per protocol analysis principle. Difference in difference analysis (DiD) using Generalized Estimating Equation model was done to adjust for confounders. p < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results There was a significant net increase in participants proportion (39%; 95% CI: 25% -52%, p < 0.001) on diabetes management self-efficacy scale. At the baseline assessment for overall self-care behaviours, only 4% of participants in the intervention arm were in the action stage and 12% were in the preparation stage; however, at the post intervention assessment, this proportion increased to 24% for action stage and 67% for preparation stage. There was a significant net increase in participants proportion (49%, 95%CI 37% -60%, p < 0.001) engaged in optimal diabetes self-care. There was a significant net decrease in mean HbA1c (-1.06%; 95%CI: -1.62 - -0.50, p < 0.001) at post intervention phase. Conclusions Diabetes self-care intervention was successful in promoting self-efficacy and self-care practices among patients with T2DM of rural areas. Key messages • Self-efficacy theory-based diabetes self-care intervention successfully improves the diabetes related self-care practices. • There is a need for a structured diabetes self-care management education programme to improve the ability of patients with T2DM who live in rural areas.

Cultural-Based Diabetes Self-Care Management Education for People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Empowering Community Health Workers (Kaders) Program Evaluation

Aim: The aim of this study was to understand the perspectives of Kaders, community health nurses (CHNs), and the community on an empowerment program for Kaders in Indonesia. The program aimed to help Kaders provide cultural-based diabetes self-care management education for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: The empowerment program consisted of a four-month training program, including two full-day sessions on cultural-based health education for people with T2DM, followed by four months of monitoring T2DM patients. Fifteen Kaders from community health centers in Makassar City participated in the program. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with Kaders to explore their perceptions and experiences related to the program. Interviews were also conducted with CHNs and people with T2DM regarding their perceptions of the program. Results: The FGDs with Kaders resulted in four themes: overall training, guideline book, education and monitoring program, and potential obstacles. CHNs highlighted the benefits of the program, the guideline book, and the impact on patients. Patients identified three themes, including the benefits of the program, what was taught, and what was improved. Conclusion: The empowerment program for Kaders in Indonesia has proven to be beneficial for Kaders, CHNs, and the community. Kaders have the potential to provide effective and efficient health education with proper preparation and empowerment through knowledge and skills.

Pre and post-operative self-care management among women undergoing hysterectomy.

Surgery is a major part in the field of Gynecology. Hysterectomy is the removal of the uterus which is leading non-obstetric surgery worldwide, after caesarean sections. The objective of the current study was to determine how well women undergoing hysterectomy surgery managed their pre-operative and post-operative self-care. A quasi experimental single group pre-test and posttest design was used for this inquiry. Pre - and post-operative self-care management questionnaires were used to collect data from 60 women. Utilizing descriptive and inferential statistics like mean, standard deviation, and chi-square test, data were gathered and examined. Data analysis revealed, the mean post-test knowledge score (23.81) was greater than the mean pre-test knowledge score (10.33). The average disparity was (13.48) with the estimated "t" value (16.003), which was more than the table value (1.67) at 0.05 level of significance, showing that the self-care management education program was successful in increasing women's understanding on hysterectomy. The study concluded that pre- and post-operative self-care management education program had significantly improved health status among women underwent hysterectomy.

A review to access knowledge, attitudes, and practices among nurses of cardiac medicine for heart failure patients to prevent readmission in hospitals

This research paper conducts an in-depth evaluation in order to improve nurses' comprehension of self-care management and patient discharge education for patients with Heart Failure (HF). It also discusses the reasons and obstacles to nurses for increasing their knowledge, attitude, and practice to support improved health outcomes and reduce readmission. In order to prevent readmission and re-hospitalization through discharge training, this study aims to raise awareness about the gaps in knowledge, practice, and attitude among nurses working with patients admitted with heart failure. The study evaluates the nurses' knowledge and aids in the education that heart failure patients must receive. By using effective medication management and post-discharge instructions, heart failure symptoms and disease progression can be controlled. Therefore, effective medication management following discharge is crucial for improving the quality of life, controlling symptoms, avoiding deterioration that triggers hospital readmission, and reducing death. Additionally, it is not always possible for healthcare team members to exchange enough accurate information with one another effectively. Numerous nations have emphasised the importance of the right health practices, optimistic attitudes, and suitable education among healthcare professionals to dispel misconceptions, increase confidence in providing support, and promote effective treatment.

Self-care management education increase quality of life of patient with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodilysis

Chronic kidney disease and its progression to terminal disease are a significant source of decreased quality of life. One of the efforts that can be done to improve the quality of life is self-care management. This research is Quasy Experiment research with one group pre and post-test design. Twenty-nine people were involved as respondents. The KDQoL SFTM 1.3 questionnaire was used to measure the quality of life before and after treatment. Data were analyzed using paired sample t-test. The average quality of life pretest score was 50.80 ± 8.47 and the average quality of life post-test score was 56.56 ± 10.13 with p-value = 0.024 <0.05. There is an effect of self-care management on the quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. Nursing practice to improve services by providing self-care management education in a programmed and comprehensive manner in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.

Caring-Based Supportive Educative Enhance Prevention Ability Of Diabetic Ulcers In Patients With Type II Diabetes

Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus are at risk for complications of diabetic foot ulcers. This complication can avoid if people with diabetes mellitus have the proper knowledge of self-care management. This study aimed to determine the effect of self-care management education on preventing foot ulcers in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. 
 Methods: The design of this study is quasi-experiment. The number of samples was 86 with a simple randomized sample divided into two groups, 43 in the treatment group caring base supportive educative activities, and 43 in the control group distributing leaflets on diabetes. Results from studies were analyzed using the paired t-test and the independent t- test.
 Results: These study results are based on independent t-test scores of self-care management in the treatment and control groups after the intervention, namely p = 0.002. The difference in the delta score of self-care management scores in the treatment and control groups after the intervention was p=0.000.
 Conclusion: The results showed that self-care management education interventions effectively increased the ability of self-care patients with type II diabetes mellitus to prevent complications of diabetic ulcers. This intervention can be a promotive effort to increase self-care independence in patients with type II diabetes mellitus to avoid complications of diabetic wounds.

Self-Care Management Education Through Health Coaching for Heart Failure Patients

Self-care management education is 1 of the recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology given to reduce the readmission rate of patients with heart failure (HF). As 1 of the methods of the educational approach, health coaching has a positive potential in making education effective so that it will improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to identify the effect of self-care management education with health coaching methods on the 30-day readmission rate and outcomes of patients with HF. Providing self-care management education by health coaching may help improve self-care and positively affect outcomes of patients with HF.

Patient educational needs and challenges in psoriatic arthritis.

To provide an overview of the recent research publications on educational needs of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and the associated challenges. The rate of good treatment adherence in PsA can be as low as 57.7% and successful patient education can help improve treatment adherence. Also, 78.7% of patients who stopped their disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic did so without the advice of their clinician. In delivering educational needs, the aspects of disease process, treatment, self-help measures, managing pain, movement, psychological and social needs should all be addressed, whilst at the same time, recognising that PsA patients with multidomain disease, are likely to be dealing with more than just pain. Arthritis self-care management education is potentially beneficial, but up to 11% of educational YouTube videos may contain misleading patient opinion and many existing apps do not meet the needs of the patients with PsA. Significant room for improvement exists in treatment adherence in PsA and patient education addressing the relevant educational needs could assist with this issue. However, patients should be advised to be wary of internet videos and other educational aids that were not created by health professionals.

Improving self-efficacy and life activities of arthritis patients: A quasy-experiment study

Abstract Introduction Arthritis can cause physical and psychological complaints which affect patients’ quality of life. This study aims to determine the effect of Arthritis Self-Care Management Education (ASCME) and Home-Based Exercise (HBE) to self-efficacy and Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Method This research utilized quasy-experimental research design, using pre-test and post-test on non-randomized control group. The samples in this study were 198 arthritis patients divided into 3 groups. Result The findings of the research indicated that there were differences of self-efficacy as well as ADL before and after intervention with p-value of 0.000 on each intervention group respectively. The results of the analysis found that both the ASCME and HBE had a significant influence to self-efficacy and ADL with p-value of 0.000. Conclusions It is concluded that ASCME and HBE are significant to increase self-efficacy and also improve ADL. Nurses are suggested to function these interventions as part of independent nursing intervention and also for improving arthritis self-care for patients and the family.

Effectiveness Diabetes Self Care Management Education (DSME) intervention with Short Message Service (SMS) or Mobile Application in Glycemic Control: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Glycemic control in DM is responsive to the condition of patients who have hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels of 5-6%. However, most patients find it difficult to achieve the target of glycemic control. Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME), which integrates the five pillars of DM management, emphasizes intervention behavior independently. The purpose of this systematic review is to analyze the effectiveness of diabetes self-management education intervention with short message service (SMS) or mobile application on glycemic control.Methods: This systematic review was conducted by searching five electronic databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link and ProQuest over five years or more with full text in the English language. The search keywords were adjusted according to the medical subject headings and Boolean operators. This study used the PRISMA flow chart to select articles. Fifteen studies were included if they reported on diabetes self-care management education intervention with short message service or mobile application interventions in patients with diabetes. Reviews and editorials were excluded.Results: DSME interventions with SMS and with mobile application have effectiveness to manage and decrease glycemic control (HbA1c and blood glucose level) by health education, diet monitoring, and self-monitoring of blood glucose levels.Conclusion: This systematic review has shown that DSME intervention with SMS and mobile application significantly improves glycemic control despite the heterogeneity across the studies. The recommendation for further research is to analyze the comparison of the effectiveness of online and direct DSME intervention, which can improve glycemic control.

Role of self-care in COVID-19 pandemic for people living with comorbidities of diabetes and hypertension.

People living with comorbidities especially chronic non-communicable disease (NCDs) like diabetes and hypertension are at greater risk of acquiring severe form of Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) infection known to be caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV –2 (SARS-CoV-2) due to underlying immunodeficiency. The government has taken various public health measures to reduce the risk of infection, such as physical distancing, Information Education and Communication (IEC) messages regarding hand-washing, usage of masks, and avoidance of unnecessary travel including lockdown to combat the spread of disease. However, nationwide lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic has also confronted the existing health care system (clinician centric approach) for the management of diabetes and hypertension in India. Using secondary source of data from specific website and search engine a review was done for existing guidelines and literature focusing on the various components of self-care management (patient-centered care) and highlights the importance of self-care management education to cope up with twin pandemic of COVID-19 and NCDs. An attempt was also made to highlight the use of eHealth to manage diabetes and hypertension which may act as a bridge to fill the gap between primary care physician and patient's amid lockdown and help physician to deliver comprehensive care for people suffering from comorbidities.

A systematic review of the effectiveness of clinical nurse specialist interventions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Abstract Objective This review aimed to examine the effectiveness of clinical nurse specialist (CNS) interventions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD significantly affects people’s health worldwide. With the development in nursing, CNSs are playing increasingly important roles in different departments. However, the studies on the effectiveness of CNSs in COPD are not as well organized as the studies on the effectiveness of CNSs in bronchiectasis and asthma. Therefore, this review aims to find some updated evidence on the CNS interventions for patients with COPD and on whether these interventions are effective. Methods A narrative analysis of the data was performed for the eligible studies. Four databases were chosen: CINAHL, MEDLINE, British Nursing Index, and Cochrane Library. Other websites such as the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, National Health Service Evidence, Association of Respiratory Nurse Specialists, and National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialist were searched as well. Two reviewers performed study identification independently, and all the retrieved articles were stored using the EndNote X7 software. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool. Results A total of nine studies were included in this review. There were five current interventions by CNSs for patients with COPD. These interventions were home nursing support, CNS’s supported discharge, multidisciplinary cooperation programs, nurse-led care programs, and self-care management education. The effectiveness of these five interventions was evaluated individually. There is low- to moderate-quality evidence indicating that home nursing support interventions may have a positive effect on mortality and quality of life. No significant difference in quality of life has been found between the CNS-supported discharge intervention and the usual service. The multidisciplinary cooperation program probably had a positive effect on quality of life in patients with COPD. Both nurse-led care and self-care management education intervention had a positive effect on mortality of patients with COPD. Conclusions The findings of this review provide updated evidence on the effectiveness of CNS interventions for patients with COPD. Although nine trials were included and five types of interventions were identified, there is still lack of high-quality evidence.

Socio-demographic and clinical determinants of self-care in adults with type 2 diabetes: a multicentre observational study.

To describe self-care as defined by the Middle Range Theory of Self-Care of Chronic Illness and to identify clinical and socio-demographic determinants in a T2DM population. A multicentre observational cross-sectional study was conducted involving 540 adults with a confirmed diagnosis of T2DM from six outpatient diabetes services in Italy. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected from medical records. The Self-Care of Diabetes Inventory (SCODI) was used to measure self-care maintenance, monitoring, management, and confidence dimensions. For each separate scale, scores were standardized 0-100 with higher SCODI scores indicating better self-care; a score ≥ 70 is adequate. Multiple quantile regression models were performed to identify determinants of each self-care dimension. Self-care maintenance (median = 81.3) and self-care confidence (median = 79.5) were adequate in most of the subjects. Self-care monitoring was adequate in only half of the sample (median = 70.6). Self-care management was poor (median = 59.4). Lower self-care maintenance was associated with lower self-care confidence (p < 0.001). Lower self-care monitoring was associated with being male (p < 0.001), having lower self-care confidence (p < 001), and having diabetes for < 10years (p < 0.001). Lower self-care management was associated with being male (p = 0.002), being older (p = 0.005), having a low income (p = 0.030), being employed (p = 0.008), having missed diabetes education in the last year (p = 0.002), and lower self-care confidence (p < 0.0001). Lower self-care confidence was associated with having diabetes for < 10years (p = 0.008), and having at least one comorbid condition (p = 0.006). Determinants of self-care maintenance, monitoring, management and confidence include both clinical and socio-demographic variables. Modifiable determinants such as self-care confidence and diabetes self-care management education could be used to tailor interventions to improve diabetes self-care.

The effects of a self-care management education program for patients with diabetic foot ulcers

The effects of a self-care management education program for patients with diabetic foot ulcers

Diabetes Self-Management Education Programs: Current Scenario and Relevance in India

Diabetes mellitus is an important public health problem in India. With a prevalence of 8.6%, more than 66 million people are suffering from diabetes mellitus in our country. Many comorbid conditions and complications are associated with diabetes. Self-care in diabetes is a key element in the overall management of diabetes. Diabetes self-care is defined as the daily regimen tasks that the individual performs to manage diabetes. Poor self-care practices among diabetic patients are largely due to lack of information and support, and can result in poor control of the disease and its complications. In many countries, diabetes self-management education programs are integrated with diabetes care. In the present article, studies examining the effectiveness of self-care management education programs in various countries have been reviewed. The current scenario in India is discussed, as well as the challenges in integrating such programs. It has been concluded that such interventions should be culturally relevant, and should be provided in a continuous, on-going manner, so that the results in terms of metabolic control and positive behaviors are sustainable.