Self-assessment Of Well-being Research Articles

Where you stand depends on where you sit: The effect of status and evaluative identities on human rights perception

What shapes an individual’s perception of domestic human rights conditions? Although scholars have begun to examine public perception of human rights in recent years, existing literature has not adequately considered that one’s perception of human rights conditions is closely tied to one’s lived experiences within society. We argue that individuals’ perceptions of domestic human rights conditions are shaped by their relative socio-economic status within their society (status identity) and their self-assessment of well-being (evaluative identity). Using data from the World Value Survey Wave 7 (2017–2022), we find that individuals who are at a relatively higher standing in society are more likely to have a positive perception of domestic human rights conditions. This article contributes to the literature on human rights perceptions and improves our understanding of individuals’ assessment of human rights. The article also has important policy implications for international institutions and nongovernmental organizations aiming to improve human rights situations. An example is to potentially differentiate strategies among different segments of the population for more effective advocacy and to create favorable public opinion toward human rights causes.

Multilevel modelling of the assessment of confidence in the healthcare system in residents of municipalities of the Arkhangelsk region and the Komi Republic

Introduction. The list of factors determining the confidence in the healthcare system, the vector and the strength of their influence are mediated by the social circumstance (place of living). The purpose of the study is to quantify the level of confidence in the healthcare system in residents of the Arkhangelsk Region and the Komi Republic and to determine its territorial determinacy. Materials and methods. A sociological survey was conducted in a group of one thousand seventy five residents from 20 municipalities of two northern regions. The multilevel modelling was used to confirm the hypothesis on the combined impact of factors of individual and group (municipal) levels on the confidence of citizens in healthcare system. Results. The average “index” of confidence in the healthcare system of residents of the Arkhangelsk Region and the Komi Republic was 40.8 points (95% CI: 38.8–42.8) and 47.1 points (95% CI: 44.7–49.5), respectively (p < 0.001). The average values of the index of confidence in the healthcare system differ statistically significantly in the groups of residents in municipalities. Health Literacy is the most important determinant of the confidence in the healthcare system. Other major determinants are the respondents’ age, self-assessments of health status and well-being. Health Literacy, age and self-assessment of the well-being of Northerners living in different municipalities have a different impact on their confidence in the healthcare system. Limitations of the study are due to the peculiarities of its design, — the lack of the possibility of verifying the respondents’ answers to the questions. Conclusion. The confidence in the healthcare system of residents of the municipalities of the Arkhangelsk region and the Komi Republic is determined not only by their personal qualities, but also by the social (territorial) circumstance (place of living).

Financial Well-Being Of Malay Single Mothers In Terengganu Using The Finwell-Sm Instrument

The objective of the study is to determine more specifically the financial well-being of Malay single mothers in Terengganu. A total of 612 single mothers who have been divorced or their husbands have died were selected in this study. The research instrument was used as a research tool for data collection. The Financial Well-Being Self-Assessment Instrument (FinWell-SM) has been adapted and modified from the Financial Well-Being Scale (MFWBS) as well as previous studies according to the culture of the people in Malaysia. This instrument contains 20 items with 5 measurement scales, i.e. scale 1 represents the choice of strongly disagree (lowest score) and scale 5 represents the choice of strongly agree (highest score). This study has used quantitative methods. The findings of the study were analyzed using the descriptive analysis method of IBM SPSS statistical software. The results of the descriptive analysis found that single mothers in Terengganu have a low level of financial well-being, that is, single mothers have financial problems and they are very worried about those problems. The level of education, employment, monthly income, and household dependents greatly effect the financial well-being of single mothers. Financial challenges also cause the financial level of single mothers to be at a low level. The main effect of the study calls for single mothers to have more skills and knowledge in financial management. In addition, single mothers should be given appropriate assistance from the parties involved so that they do not fall out of the flow of development and can get out of poverty. This study proves that the Single Mother Financial Well-being Self-Assessment Instrument (FinWell-SM) was successfully built and can measure the financial well-being of Malay single mothers in Terengganu.

Psychological features of HIV-infected patients depending on the stage of the disease

The relevance of the problem. Currently, the issue of HIV infection is acute all over the world, and the variety of HIV clinical forms is striking in its vastness and congruence with other pathologies. Among Russian and foreign publications devoted to psychological changes in patients with HIV infection, there is a lack of works on the relationship of their levels of resistance to the action of stress agents, the effectiveness of the formation of protective and compensatory behavior with differentiation by spheres (cognitive, emotional, and behavioral), and the absence or presence of alexithymia of varying degrees of severity in their personal psychological type with self-assessment of wellbeing, the severity of infection, and the presence of complications. The purpose of the study: to identify and compare the psychological characteristics of the personality of HIV-infected patients, depending on the stage of the disease. Materials and methods. We observed 150 male and female volunteers (83 and 67 patients, respectively), whose mean age was 37.5 (33.9; 42.1) years, living in the city of Saratov and the Saratov region. The patients were divided into three groups depending on the stage of the disease: Group I — the patients with HIV infection in the incubation stage (Stage 1 — incubation), Group II — the patients with steadily progressing HIV infection (Stage 2 — stage of primary manifestations and Stage 3 — subclinical); Group III — the patients with continuing HIV replication, accompanied by the death of CD4+ lymphocytes and the depletion of their population to zero (Stage 4 — stage of secondary diseases and Stage 5 — terminal). The patients were followed up at the public health institution Saratov Regional Clinical Center for AIDS Prevention and Control. Results. The following patterns, confirmed statistically, were revealed: the lower the resistance of the patients to the action of stress agents was, the higher their anxiety was and significantly more often both the tendency to alexithymia and its obvious clinical signs were revealed. Thus, it is advisable for all patients, regardless of the stage of progression of HIV infection, to determine the levels of stress resistance, since with a decrease in this indicator, their level of anxiety increases, a tendency to alexithymia appears, and sleep disturbances, mood disorders, memory impairment, and decreased performance occur, in contrast to patients with high stress resistance.

Preliminary Clinical Outcomes of the Hello Sunday Morning Alcohol and Wellbeing Self-Assessment: Feasibility and Acceptability Study.

Alcohol-related injuries and diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early intervention is essential given the chronic, relapsing nature of alcohol use disorders. There is significant potential for widely accessible web-based screening tools to help individuals determine where they stand in terms of alcohol use and provide support recommendations. Screening and brief interventions (SBIs) provide individuals with a stigma-free opportunity to learn and think about the potential risks of drinking and prompt help-seeking behavior by incorporating behavior change techniques. Furthermore, as excessive alcohol use and mental health problems often occur concurrently, SBIs for both conditions simultaneously can potentially address a critical gap in alcohol and mental health treatment. We investigated the feasibility, acceptability, and clinical outcomes of participants completing the Alcohol and Wellbeing Self-assessment (A&WS), a web-based SBI. The A&WS is freely available on the Hello Sunday Morning website as part of an uncontrolled observational prospective study. Feasibility was assessed based on the number of respondents who commenced and subsequently completed the A&WS. Acceptability was measured via participant feedback to determine overall satisfaction, perceived helpfulness, and likelihood of recommending the A&WS to others. Clinical outcomes were measured in two ways: (1) self-reported changes in alcohol consumption (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score) or psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale score) over time and (2) help seeking-both self-reported and immediate web-based help seeking. Preliminary baseline data collected for the first 9 months (March 2022 to December 2022) of the study were reported, including the 3-month follow-up outcomes. A total of 17,628 participants commenced the A&WS, and of these, 14,419 (81.8%) completed it. Of those 14,419 who completed the A&WS, 1323 (9.18%) agreed to participate in the follow-up research. Acceptability was high, with 78.46% (1038/1323) reporting high satisfaction levels overall; 95.62% (1265/1323) found the A&WS easy to use and would recommend the tool to others. The 1-, 2-, and 3-month follow-ups were completed by 28.57% (378/1323), 21.09% (279/1323), and 17.61% (233/1323) of the participants, respectively. Significant reductions in the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption subscale (P<.001) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale scores (P<.001) were observed over the 3-month follow-up period. Our results suggest that the A&WS is a highly feasible and acceptable digital SBI that may support individuals in making changes to their alcohol consumption and improve their psychological well-being. In the absence of a control group, positive clinical outcomes cannot be attributed to the A&WS, which should now be subjected to a randomized controlled trial. This scalable, freely available tool has the potential to reach a large number of adults who might not otherwise access help while complementing the alcohol and mental health treatment ecosystem.

The use of Cytoflavin in the post-withdrawal period in patients with alcohol dependence

BACKGROUND: The issues of therapy of dependence on psychoactive substances remain relevant at present, focusing on the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of these patients in the first place.&#x0D; AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of a course of Cytoflavin in patients with alcohol dependency during the post-abstinence period.&#x0D; MATERIALS AND METHODS: An open, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study of the antioxidant Cytoflavin (10 mL/day, 5 days) effectiveness to correct emotional and motivational disorders after the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome was performed in 30 patients with alcohol dependency. Anamnestic information, the clinical picture of the disease, and psychological tests the Holmes and Rage method (the degree of stress tolerance and social adaptation) and alcohol consumption motivation test (ACMT) were used to verify alcohol dependency. Before and after Cytoflavin treatment, the psychological indicators and complaints were recorded. According to the alcohol intake questionnaire, the psychological state of the patients was assessed based on a package of standard psychological tests, including the Wasserman test (level of neuroticism), Spielberger test (level of anxiety), Hamilton test (level of depression), SAN test (self-assessment of well-being, activity, and mood), and degree of craving for alcohol. For pairwise conjugated variants, the significance of differences was determined using the Students t-test; statistical analysis was performed using the standard Statistica for Windows software package.&#x0D; RESULTS: In general, the course use of Cytoflavin treatment improved clinical and psychological parameters in patients with alcohol dependency in the post-abstinence period.&#x0D; CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the use of the drug as a component of a comprehensive therapeutic program for alcohol dependency is highly promising.

Music and Children's Well-Being

Well-being is a desirable combination of high emotional, social, physical, and cognitive health. It is closely related to an element that has existed since the beginning of humankind: music. It is common knowledge that music is an inevitable part of an individual's life; it affects not just the current mood but more importantly, it serves as a means of social bonding, as a tool for therapy, and it affects the overall quality of living. Therefore, according to the Curriculum of the subject Music Culture for Primary Schools and Music Arts for Gymnasium, the teaching of the subject Music culture is intentionally focused on the overall cognitive, psychomotor, and affective dimensions of the child’s development. Through musical activities listening, singing, playing, movement with music, musical games and musical creativity, it is also directed at creating a relaxed class atmosphere, as well as arousing a sense of satisfaction among all students. Students can engage in the aforementioned activities apart of regular classes as well, as part of extracurricular/out-of-school musical activities. This research shows that there are (some) statistically significant differences in the self-assessment of well-being of primary school students, in favor of those who like the subject Music culture, who like listening to classical music in class, and whose household members listen to classical music, while statistically significant difference with regard to (not) attending musical activities was not observed. In fact, students who attend musical activities are (imperceptibly) less satisfied in all life domains. This could be explained by additional obligations, such as preparations for exams and performances, which take place at the time of the survey for the purposes of this research, that is, at the end of the school year. But, it was determined that students who attend extracurricular musical activities have a higher grade point average, which is explained by the acquired good organizational skills necessary for successfully mastering school duties.

Self-assessment of well-being and individual attitudes towards inequality

The problem of social inequality is a relevant subject of research, since in many ways all kinds of protest movements arise in the society when its different segments and groups feel and experience social injustice. The individual’s disadvantaged position in the society at present and his/her willingness to change it against the inability to do it is an important indicator of social instability. However, people’s perception of social injustice and inequality is different. The purpose of the present study is to explore the causes of economic inequality in Russia, as viewed by the population, as well as the attitudes to fairness of economic inequality and subjective assessment of one’s own chances of material success. The paper identifies the factors that influence subjective assessment of a person’s own chances. In the opinion of the population, it is non-meritocratic forms that are predominant in the Russian society. It was found that dissatisfaction with inequality is lower among the people who are poor today but contemplate to become rich in the future than among those who apprehend of becoming poor both now and in the future. It is shown that the individual’s subjective rank in income distribution is more important for one’s subjective well-being than the relative wage level.

An Individual Patient-Level Meta-Analysis of Ischemic Versus Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy and Trajectory of Decongestion in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

Data are limited regarding the impact of ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) or non-ICM (NICM) on the trajectory of in-hospital decongestion among patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Therefore, we aimed to assess the course of decongestion among patients admitted for ADHF by history of ICM and NICM. Patients included in the DOSE (Diuretic strategies in patients with acute decompensated heart failure), ROSE (ROSE acute heart failure randomized trial), and Ultrafiltration in decompensated heart failure with cardiorenal syndrome (CARRESS-HF) trials of patients with ADHF were categorized into ICM and NICM based on history. Among 762 patients included in our meta-analysis, 433 (56.8%) had a history of ICM. Patients with ICM were older (70.8 vs 63.9years; p ≤0.001) and had higher rates of co-morbidities. After covariate adjustment, there was no significant differences between NICM and ICM regarding net fluid loss (4,952 vs 4,384ml, p=0.81) or mean change in serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (-2,162 vs -1,809pg/ml, p=0.092). Mean change in weight showed modest improvement in favor of patients with NICM, but this did not meet statistical significance (-8.24 vs -7.70pounds, p=0.068). After adjustment, there was no significant difference in the risk of 60-day composite all-cause mortality or hospitalization for HF among those with ICM versus NICM. Among patients with left ventricular ejection fraction <40%, NICM was associated with higher scoring on global sense of well-being (global visual analog scale; +25.5 vs +19.1, p=0.023) and improvement in serum creatinine (-0.031mg/100ml vs +0.042mg/100ml, p=0.009) at 72hours. Among patients with left ventricular ejection fraction >40%, NICM was associated with decreased scoring on global visual analog scale at 72hours (+15.7 vs +21.2, p=0.049). In conclusion, more than half of the patients admitted for ADHF had ICM. History of ICM was not independently associated with a difference in course of decongestion, self-assessment of well-being and dyspnea, or short-term clinical outcomes.

Formation and Preservation of Students’ Mental Health in the Process of Studying at Pedagogical Universities

Aim: The aim is to experimentally verify the methodology of self-regulation culture formation as an important element of professional training of future teachers of the humanities in the process of studying the author’s specialized course referred to as “Fundamentals of Psychovaleology”. Materials and Methods: The research involved third-year students of pedagogical institutions of higher education aged 20 to 23 years in the number of 126 people (80 girls and 46 boys). The methods used included observation, questionnaires, psychodiagnostic methods for determining the level of anxiety, self-assessment of well-being, quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results in terms of self-regulation culture formation according to theoretical, practical and professional criteria. Results: Experimental verification of the effectiveness of the developed methodology shows qualitative positive changes in the students’ emotional well-being, in significant reduction of their anxiety, as well as in increasing motivation for active exercise Conclusions: The developed methodology of self-regulation culture formation in future teachers can become a significant basis for the further formation of individual health preservation competence of students i. e. future teachers, their orientation to active physical education as well as fitness and health recreation activities, and can also be included in the system of implementation of professional standards for the training of students in pedagogical specialties, especially in terms of the development of their health preservation competence

Attributative style as a determinant of тhe modality of emotional manifestations of personality

The article examines the features of the attributive style as a stable way of explaining the causes of events and its connection with the dominant emotional states and emotional response of the individual. Existing research on the relationship between cognitive functions and emotions is summarized, it is emphasized that causal attributions are an important part of understanding emotions and determine both specific attitudes and emotional reactions of the subject. According to the results of the empirical study, differences in the modality of emotional manifestations were found in subjects with different attributive styles. All interviewees showed a high level of well-being assessment, at the same time, subjects with an optimistic and more optimistic attribution style have slightly higher well-being indicators compared to subjects with pessimistic and more pessimistic styles. Interviewees with an optimistic attributional style are also characterized by a significantly higher level of activity: they are active, have many hobbies, are active, mobile, in contrast to high school students with a pessimistic attributional style, who have a low level of activity. Differences were also found in the indicators of self-esteem studied by their mood: they are significantly higher in high school students with an optimistic attribution style. The interviewed high school students with a pessimistic attributive style are characterized by a low level of assessment of their mood, they often feel dissatisfaction, disappointment, sadness, shame, sadness, guilt. The obtained results, in particular, significantly higher indicators of self-assessment of well-being, activity, mood and general psycho-emotional state in subjects with an optimistic attribution style, confirm the assumption of causal attribution as a determinant of the modality of emotional manifestations of personality.

Digital health literacy and well-being of university students in Austria during the pandemic

Abstract Background Previous findings suggest that depressive and anxiety-related symptoms have doubled among students since the beginning of the pandemic. Digital health literacy can act as a protective resource to strengthen well-being. Objectives This paper analyzes the relationship between digital health literacy, socioeconomic status and well-being and future-anxiety among students in Austria. Methods 480 students from Austrian higher education institutions were surveyed via online questionnaire during the second wave of the Corona pandemic. Sociodemographic data, students’ self-assessments of well-being, fears regarding future development and perspectives, and digital health literacy were collected. Variance and regression analyses were used for the evaluation. Results About 50% of the students reported low scores in well-being and distinct fears about the future. A higher socioeconomic status correlated with higher well-being as well as lower fears about the future.Regarding digital health literacy, the ability to assess the relevance of information showed the highest correlation with well-being. Conclusions Individual factors such as gender or the study-program are relevant for the interaction between well-being and digital health literacy. The assessment of the relevance of information and its connection with one's own life reality seems to be important factors in promoting well-being.

Development and real-life use assessment of a self-management smartphone application for patients with inflammatory arthritis. A user-centred step-by-step approach.

Mobile health applications (apps) are increasing in interest to enhance patient self-management. Few apps are actually used by patients and have been developed for patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA) treated with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs which use entails risk of adverse effects such as infections. To develop Hiboot, a self-management mobile app for patients with IA, by using a user-centred step-by-step approach and assess its real-life use. The app development included first a qualitative study with semi-guided audiotaped interviews of 21 patients to identify the impact of IA on daily life and patient treatments practices and an online cross-sectional survey of 344 patients to assess their health apps use in general and potential user needs. A multidisciplinary team developed the first version of the app via five face-to-face meetings. After app launch, a second qualitative study of 21 patients and a users' test of 13 patients and 3 rheumatologists led to the app's current version. The number of app installations, current users and comments were collected from the Google Play store and the Apple store. The qualitative study revealed needs for counselling, patient-health professional partnership, and skills to cope with risk situations; 86.8% participants would be ready to use an app primarily on their rheumatologist's recommendation. Six functionalities were implemented: a safety checklist before treatment administration, aids in daily life situations based on the French academic recommendations, treatment reminders, global well-being self-assessment, periodic counselling messages, and a diary. The Hiboot app was installed 20,500 times from September 2017 to October 2020, with 4300 regular current users. Scores were 4.4/5 stars at Android and iOS stores. Hiboot is a free self-management app for patients with IA developed by a step-by-step process including patients and health professionals. Further evaluation of the Hiboot benefit is needed.

Assessing Well-Being in Milestones 2.0: A Case for Flourishing-Focused Advising.

Assessing Well-Being in Milestones 2.0: A Case for Flourishing-Focused Advising.

The nurse wellbeing self-assessment supports the model of leadership influence for health professional wellbeing

BackgroundDespite emerging evidence of effective strategies for reducing burnout among health professionals, health professional burnout continues increasing. PurposeA systematic Model of Leadership Influence for Health Professional Wellbeing is presented suggesting steps to measurably improve wellbeing by managing or mitigating stressors that generate burnout. MethodThis paper examines (a) the psychometric properties of the Nurse Wellbeing Self-Assessment's (NWSAT)© four 10-item scales and (b) whether and how the Model of Leadership Influence can apply NWSAT results to reduce burnout. Using nurse survey data (N = 1,394) from one large eastern US healthcare system, the four NWSAT scales are psychometrically evaluated. FindingsPredictive tests demonstrate the fit of the Model of Leadership Influence by documenting associations between NWSAT and burnout. All four NWSAT scales are strongly and inversely associated with burnout. DiscussionLeaders can use NWSAT to systematically implement and evaluate a variety of strategies to improve staff wellbeing in one or more domains of NWSAT to manage or mitigate specific stressors that may otherwise contribute toward burnout.

THE PRESCHOOL TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS ON THE CHILDREN’S WELL-BEING IN THE PANDEMIC CONTEX

Well-being, a concept so often discussed, has increasingly come to the attention of specialists and practitioners, especially during the pandemic period whose magnitude has significantly influenced the well-being of all of us. The purpose of the comparative-correlational study was to investigate the perceptions and practices of teachers in Romanian preschool education regarding their role in ensuring the well-being of preschoolers in kindergarten, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, starting from the theoretical framework that delimits the factors that influence the well-being at this age (Aulia et al., 2020; Kwi-Ok et al., 2020; Sönmez &amp; Ceylan, 2016), we used The Scale of Self-assessment of Wellbeing - IASB (Rodawell, 2019), developed by the University of Bucharest within the Rodawell project, and The Scale of Happiness Strategies for Children Used by Preschool Teachers - HSCPT (Sapsağlam et al., 2019). The online questionnaire was answered by 149 teachers for preschool education, especially from Timiş county. The results of the study (analyzed by The Independent-Samples T-Test, ANOVA One-Way, Spearman Correlation) highlight the existence of a positive association between perceptions and practices of educators in ensuring wellbeing, but also the existence of statistically significant differences between teachers’ practices in urban vs. rural environment, in the sense that, although they perceive children’s well-being similarly, rural teachers tend to use happiness strategies more often. At the same time, teachers’ perceptions differ depending on how the teaching activity is carried out in a pandemic context: the self-perceived role and the practices dedicated to ensuring well-being are more intense in hybrid and online format than the traditional one.

Increasing physical activity levels following treatment for cervical cancer: an intervention mapping approach

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to utilise the intervention mapping (IM) protocol as a framework with which to develop an intervention underpinned by relevant behaviour change theory to promote physical activity (PA) following treatment for cervical cancer.MethodsThe six steps of the IM protocol were followed. A qualitative semi-structured interview study and a rapid review of the literature were conducted along with the development of a logic model of the problem and a logic model of change to inform intervention development.ResultsAn intervention was developed which aims to increase PA levels following treatment for cervical cancer, tailored to address key findings from the IM needs assessment. These include embedding behavioural and social strategies that help participants to overcome perceived barriers to PA participation; goal setting strategies to gradually increase PA levels with a view of reaching relevant PA guidelines for cancer survivors and feedback to encourage self-assessment of well-being and PA capability.ConclusionThis study maps the development of a novel PA intervention for those who have been treated for cervical cancer. The use of a systematic development framework was necessary as little insight exists regarding PA preferences after treatment for cervical cancer.Implications for Cancer SurvivorsPA behaviour is associated with positive physical and psychological health outcomes for cancer survivors. Optimising targeted promotion of PA behaviour following treatment for cervical cancer may result in an enhanced survivorship experience through increased PA behaviour and improved quality of life (QOL).

Mental health and wellbeing implications of the COVID-19 quarantine for disabled and disadvantaged children and young people: evidence from a cross-cultural study in Zambia and Sierra Leone

BackgroundThe mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantining on children and young people (CYP) living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) has yet to be fully comprehended. CYP in LMICs are at utmost risk, given the COVID-19-related restrictions and social distancing measures, resulting in reduced access to school-based services for nutritional and mental health needs. This study examined mental health of CYP during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Zambia and Sierra Leone.MethodA total of 468 disabled and disadvantaged CYP aged 12 to 25 completed a planning tool that comprised the short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS), as well as open-ended questions covering social connectedness, physical distancing and educational challenges during the lockdown. The community coaches screened individuals and families who could be eligible to receive emergency aid, and based on a convenience sample following distribution of aid, recipients were invited to complete the planning tool.ResultsThe data showed that participants in the global south have increasing anxieties and fears centred on accessing offline educational resources and income loss in the family effecting food security and their ability to return to education. Mean (SD) SWEMWBS scores for all participants in Zambia and Sierra Leone, were 19.61 (3.45) and 21.65 (2.84), respectively. Mental well-being scores were lower in females, children aged 12–14 and participants with two or more disabilities. Factors significantly associated with poor mental wellbeing in the sample were: type of disability, nationality, peer relationships, connection to others during the pandemic, knowledge about COVID-19, worry about the long-term impact of COVID-19, and the types of self-isolating.ConclusionThe study shows that participants who self-reported low levels of COVID-19 health literacy also scored low on the mental wellbeing self-assessment. Yet, despite undoubted limited resources, these CYP are doing well in identifying their needs and maintaining hope in the face of the problems associated with COVID-19 in countries where stigma persists around mental ill-health.

Evaluating the Burnout-Thriving Index in a Multidisciplinary Cohort at a Large Academic Medical Center.

There has been significant discussion about the quality of burnout research, especially with regard to abbreviated measurements of burnout and/or well-being. The purpose of this study was to compare a single-item, investigator-developed question measuring perceived well-being with validated multi-item measures of burnout and well-being. Between 2016 and 2017, healthcare professionals and medical students at a large academic hospital system were sent an online survey measuring the risk of burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory), well-being (Physician or Nurse Well-Being Self-Assessment Tool), and perception of personal well-being (Burnout-Thriving Index [BTI], an investigator-developed, single-item measure). Analyses included linear and multiple regression and Pearson correlations. The study sample included 1365 medical students, frontline nurses, resident physicians, supervising physicians or fellows, and advanced care practitioners. There were significant differences in all Maslach Burnout Inventory and Physician or Nurse Well-Being Self-Assessment Tool subscale scores based on BTI score (all P < 0.001). Adjusted R2 ranged from 0.066 (religiospiritual wellness) to 0.343 (emotional exhaustion). BTI had a stronger relation with personal accomplishment in medical students compared with nurses (P = 0.049) and a stronger relation with psychoemotional wellness in physicians and physicians-in-training compared with nurses (P < 0.05). A low BTI score demonstrated >80% sensitivity for high emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment. The BTI may be used to screen for individuals who could benefit from completing a full burnout assessment and may be used to collect a quick "big picture" impression of burnout and well-being at a healthcare institution. Further research is needed to compare BTI score with known consequences of burnout and to explore differences in the relation between BTI score and psychoemotional wellness in different professional groups.

Relationships between Muscular Performance and Markers of Well-Being in Elite Rugby Union Players

Relationships between Muscular Performance and Markers of Well-Being in Elite Rugby Union Players Regular testing can be used to track athletes' changes in performance over time. However, testing should not be limited to physiological characteristics alone, but also encompass perceived psychological status and well-being. Foster (1998) suggests monitoring of subjective well-being may serve to prevent deterioration in the practice of physical tasks. The relationship between psychological and physiological measures in professional team sport is not fully investigated. St Clair Gibson et al. (2003) proposed that fatigue may be the mental representation of physiological changes characterizing emotions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine relationship between psychological self-assessment of well-being and physiological parameters related to muscular performance in a professional rugby union team. 15 male professional rugby union players (26.5 ± 5.8 years; 102.6 ± 13.4 kg; 186.1 ± 9.5 cm) participated. On a weekly basis over a competitive season players completed a perceived well-being questionnaire related to manifestations of fatigue, and 3 jump squats. Vertical displacement, velocity, power, force and force impulse were calculated for each jump. Time series analysis indicates no relationship between measures of well-being and muscular performance on an individual basis. However, analysis of mean team data does show the existence of a relationship in some cases.