Self-assembled Surface Research Articles

SnS2 QDs@MXene Ohmic Junction-Based Surface Plasmon Coupling ECL Sensor to Detect Saliva Exosome for the Diagnosis of Childhood Asthma.

This study represents a novel surface plasmon coupling electrochemiluminescence (SPC-ECL) method for detecting salivary exosomes and the diagnosis of childhood asthma. First, SnS2 QDs@MXene Ohmic junctions was developed as efficient ECL emitters. The Ohmic junction provided a low resistance to reduce the contact resistance and improve charge injection efficiency, which enhanced the ECL signal by 2.76 times. Furthermore, the self-assembled surface plasmonic Bi@SiO2 array was prepared. When the ECL of SnS2 QDs@MXene resonated with the electronic oscillations in the Bi@SiO2 NPs array, the luminescence intensity was enhanced and regulated into the directionally polarized signal by the SPC-ECL effect. Remarkably, the detection of CD9-exosomes in saliva was achieved successfully based on the above sensing system, which can be used to analysis the acute exacerbation and chronic persistence of childhood asthma.

A Silver Modified Nanosheet Self-Assembled Hollow Microsphere with Enhanced Conductivity and Permeability.

The utilization of sheet structure composites as a viable conductive filler has been implemented in polymer-based electromagnetic shielding materials. However, the development of an innovative sheet structure to enhance electromagnetic shielding performance remains a significant challenge. Herein, we propose a novel design incorporating silver-modified nanosheet self-assembled hollow spheres to optimize their performance. The unique microporous structure of the hollow composite, combined with the self-assembled surface nanosheets, facilitates multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves, thereby enhancing the dissipation of electromagnetic energy. The contribution of absorbing and reflecting electromagnetic waves in hollow nanostructures could be attributed to both the inner and outer surfaces. When multiple reflection attenuation is implemented, the self-assembled stack structure of nanosheets outside the composite material significantly enhances the occurrence of multiple reflections, thereby effectively improving its shielding performance. The structure also facilitates multiple reflections of incoming electromagnetic waves at the internal and external interfaces of the material, thereby enhancing the shielding efficiency. Simultaneously, the incorporation of silver particles can enhance conductivity and further augment the shielding properties. Finally, the optimized Ag/NiSi-Ni nanocomposites can demonstrate superior initial permeability (2.1 × 10-6 H m-1), saturation magnetization (13.2 emu g-1), and conductivity (1.2 × 10-3 Ω•m). This work could offer insights for structural design of conductive fillers with improved electromagnetic shielding performance.

Self-sacrificing MOF-74 to amorphous CoMoS4 hollow tube with nanosheet surface for high stability supercapacitors

Designing high-performance electrodes and elucidating their energy storage mechanisms are crucial for supercapacitors. In this study, an in situ conversion method is firstly employed to transform CoCH (Co(CO3)0.5(OH)·0.11 H2O) into Co-MOF-74 nanorods, which serves as a self-sacrificial template. Subsequently, the amorphous CoMoS4 hollow tube arrays with self-assembled nanosheet surfaces are obtained through MoO42- etching and S2- exchange. Benefiting from the nanosheets-coated hollow tubular structure and amorphous characteristics, CoMoS4 exhibits a high areal capacitance of 7.01 F·cm−2 at 2 mA·cm−2 and 91.81 % retention after 5000 cycles. When further assembled into a hybrid supercapacitor, the CoMoS4//AC device exhibits excellent performance with the energy density of 0.684 mWh·cm−2 at 1.876 mW·cm−2 and 91.39 % retention after 10000 cycles. Furthermore, the mechanism study reveals that Mo- and S-doped amorphous CoOOH is a genuine energy storage material. This work provides valuable insights into the preparation of amorphous materials using the self-sacrificial template transformation method and the understand of their energy storage mechanisms.

Highly Performing Sodium Metal Batteries Reinforced by a Self-Regulated Dual-Layered Solid Electrolyte Interphase via a Metal-Organic Framework.

Sodium-metal batteries, heralded for high energy density and cost-effectiveness, are compromised by an unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and dendrite formation, which hinder practical applications. Herein, a zirconium-based metal-organic framework nanostructure coating (ZMOF-NSC) was constructed in a low-loss, flexible manner. Comprehensive studies show that ZMOF-NSC, with its periodically ordered nanochannels and organized pore structures, enhances ion transport and decreases the Na+ migration energy barrier, thus ensuring uniform ion flux and achieving uniform spherical deposition. Additionally, ZMOF-NSC facilitates partial desolvation, catalyzing the formation of an inorganic-rich, dual-layered SEI that effectively protects the anode and suppresses dendrite formation. Consequently, the ZMOF-NSC@Na symmetric battery exhibits an impressive lifespan of over 2500 h, demonstrating extended operational longevity. The Na3V2(PO4)3∥ZMOF-NSC@Na batteries demonstrate exceptional cycling stability with 81% capacity retention after 2000 cycles at 10 C, maintaining stability over 3000 cycles at 20 C. Moreover, the NVP∥ZMOF-NSC@Na battery achieves an energy density of 370 Wh kg-1 and a power density of 10,484 W kg-1, indicating superior durability and performance. This significant finding highlights the significant potential of structured MOFs to induce a dual-layered SEI, advancing the commercialization of durable, dendrite-free sodium metal batteries. The precise design of self-assembled pore structures and surface active sites in MOFs demonstrates significant potential in advancing the commercialization of durable, dendrite-free electrodes of metal-based rechargeable batteries.

The new strategy for enhancing tribological properties of polyimide/Fe3O4 nanocomposites: Magnetic forces induced internal surface self-assembly

The Fe3O4 nanoparticles (nanospheres, nanowires and nanosheets) are self-assembled onto the internal surfaces of the PI matrices under the magnetic forces, which is confirmed by the XRD and SEM of the samples. The internal surface self-assembled PI/Fe3O4 nanocomposites exhibit the best tribological properties, the wear rates are reduced by up to 77.47 % and 36.31 % comparing with unfilled PI and simply blended PI/Fe3O4 nanocomposites, respectively. There are a lot of plastic deformations and wrinkles on the worn surfaces of unfilled PI, while almost no plastic deformations and wrinkles on the worn surfaces of internal surface self-assembled PI/Fe3O4 nanocomposites, which means that frictional shear force and friction heat are absorbed and released by the Fe3O4 nanoparticle layers, resulting the better tribological properties.

Self-assembly metal phenolic network coating improves the controlled release and bacteriostatic properties of Litsea cubeba essential oil-loaded ε-polylysine-pectin nanoparticles

Pectin and ε-polylysine (ε-PL) nanoparticles loaded with Litsea cubeba essential oil (LEO) (PP-LNPs) were prepared through the electrostatic interaction. Metal phenol network (MPN) coatings, designated as MPN@PP-LNPs, were fabricated on the surface of the nanoparticles via self-assembly process of tannic acid (TA) and FeIII to develop food preservative materials with pH-responsive controlled release. The morphology, encapsulation efficiency, and pH-responsive release characteristics of MPN@PP-LNPs were investigated. The results showed that the particle size of MPN@PP-LNPs was 432.5 ± 58.6 nm. Furthermore, the encapsulation efficiencies of ε-PL and LEO were 83.26 ± 2.21% and 30.78 ± 3.92%, respectively. TA was rapidly released at low pH, while LEO exhibited controlled release over a wide pH range (pH 1.2–9.0). In addition, the MPN coating has been demonstrated to enhance antioxidant activity and inhibit the growth of E. coli and S. aureus under acidic conditions. Furthermore, preliminary evidence suggests that MPN@PP-LNPs are not cytotoxic. In conclusion, MPN@PP-LNPs, prepared through the self-assembled surface modification of TA and FeIII, was an effective material for food preservation.

Harnessing ion beam erosion engineering for controlled self-assembly and tunable magnetic anisotropy in epitaxial films

The engineering of the surface morphology and the structure of the thin film is one of the essential technological assets for regulating the physical properties and functionalities of thin film-based devices. This study presents an easy and handy approach to tailor the surface structure of epitaxial thin films utilizing low-energy ion beam. Here, we investigate the evolution of the surface structure and magnetic anisotropy (MA) in epitaxial Fe/MgO (001) model systems subjected to multiple cycles of ion beam erosion (IBE) after thin film growth. The growth of Fe film occurs in the form of three–dimensional islands and exhibits intrinsic biaxial MA. Following a few cycles of IBE, an induced uniaxial magnetic anisotropy leads to a split in the hysteresis loop, and the film displays almost uniaxial magnetic switching behavior. More distinctly, we present a clear and conclusive evidence of (2 × 2) reconstruction of the Fe surface due to the atomic rearrangement by IBE. Furthermore, 57Fe isotope sensitive nuclear resonance scattering measurement provides insight into the depth-resolved magnetic information due to the modified surface topography. We also demonstrate that thermal annealing can reversibly tune the surface reconstruction and induced UMA. The feasibility of the IBE technique by adequately selecting IBE parameters for surface structure modification has been highlighted apart from conventional tailoring of the morphology for the tuning of UMA and introduces a new dimension to our understanding of self-assembled surface morphology evolution by IBE.

A self-assembled surfactant for efficient flotation of cassiterite: Experimental study and DFT calculation

Surfactants of different kinds are important in the flotation of metal oxide ores. In this paper, a combined organic surfactant was formed through self-assembly of salicylhydroxamic acid (SHA) and isopropanolamine dodecylbenzenesulfonate (DBIA). The effects of SHA and DBIA on the flotation behavior of cassiterite were investigated. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to clarify the microscopic adsorption mechanism of SHA and DBIA on the cassiterite surface. The flotation performance of the combined surfactant was investigated to determine the optimum ratio. Subsequently, the self-assembly behavior of the surfactants in aqueous solutions was examined using surface tension tests and molecular dynamics simulations. Flotation experiments and zeta potential, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscope (AFM), contact angle, and adsorption capacity analyses were used to explore the flotation behavior and adsorption mechanism at the solid–liquid–gas boundary. The maximum flotation recovery of cassiterite were 45.73 % and 71.25 % when SHA and DBIA were used alone. By contrast, with the developed combined surfactant, the flotation recovery at the same reagent concentration was 84.92 %. The SHA/DBIA surfactant co-adsorbed at the aqueous solution interface, which decreased the surface tension of the solution to 4.943 × 10−4 mol/L and resulted in formation of a stable foam layer. These effects altered the surface properties of cassiterite and enhanced its surface hydrophobicity. Overall, this study provides valuable mechanistic insights into the enhanced chelation complexation of self-assembled surface collectors with metal oxides.

Preparation of composite food packaging paper through surface self-assembly of regenerated cellulose/chitosan

Regenerated cellulose and chitosan were deposited by self-assembly onto the surface of cellulose base paper to prepare an oil-resistant food packaging paper (ORFPP). The ORFPP exhibited favorable barrier properties to oil and water, and also had good mechanical properties and thermal stability. The cellulose base paper was coated with a 3 wt% solution of regenerated cellulose and then impregnated with a solution of chitosan. Optimum conditions were found to be a 3 min impregnation time, with two impregnations, in a 1 wt% impregnation solution (paper termed ORFPP (3−2-1)). The coated weight of the ORFPP (3−2−1) was 11.76 g/m2 and the oil resistance grade (Kit rating) was 11.6. The tensile index of the ORFPP (3−2−1) increased by 135.14 % and its performance as a barrier to water vapor increased by 78.54 %, compared with the base paper. This study paves the way for the preparation of new environmentally friendly food packaging materials.

Regulation effects on naphthalimide self-assembly system by terminal pyridine isomers and the coordination of metal ions

Three novel naphthalimide-based gelators (NAPP, NAMP and NAOP) linked three different amines: 4-(aminomethyl)pyridine, 3-(aminomethyl)pyridine, or 2-(aminomethyl)pyridine were designed and synthesized. NAPP, NAMP and NAOP could self-assemble into fluorescent gels in some solvents and formed a variety of morphologies. The self-assembly behaviors of three gelators in DMSO/H2O (10/1, v/v) were characterized by UV–vis absorption, fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffractions (XRD) and water contact angle experiment, and the effect of different N sites in pyridine in this self-assembly system was investigated. On the base of coordination ability of pyridine groups to metal ions, the self-assembly process could be regulated by the addition of metal ions. NAPP, NAMP and NAOP solutions had highly selective and ultrafast fluorescence detection capabilities for Fe3+ with a low limit of detection. The self-assembly structure and surface wettability of the gel self-assembly system could be adjusted by adding metal ions. The hydrophobic surface of xerogels NAPP and NAMP is transformed into a hydrophilic surface at the present of Fe3+. And the hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces of NAPP and NAMP could realize the transformation of hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces by the coordination of metal ions. This study provided a way for regulating the self-assembly process by the distance between the N site on pyridine and the amide segment and metal coordination.

Interfacial Self-Assembly of Oriented Semiconductor Monolayer for Chemiresistive Sensing.

Semiconductor nanofilm fabrication with advanced technology is of great importance for next-generation electronics/optoelectronics. Fabrication of high-quality and perfectly oriented semiconductor thin films and integration into high-performance electronic devices with low cost and high efficiency are huge challenges. Here we exquisitely utilized the Marangoni effect to perfectly guide tin disulfide (SnS2) nanocoins into an ordered assembly in milliseconds, resulting in an uniaxial-oriented monolayer semiconductor film. Further exploration revealed that the formed "crumple zone" at the interface caused by the Marangoni force endows the nanofilm with a rapid healable capability, which can be easily transferred to arbitrary substrates. As a proof of concept, the nanocoin-monolayer was transferred onto a micro-interdigitated electrode substrate to form a high-performance chemiresistive sensor that can effectively monitor the trace amounts of toxic gases. In addition, the assembled monolayer nanofilms can be conformally printed on freeform surfaces: both flat and nonflat substrates. This efficient and low-cost Marangoni force-assisted surface self-assembly (MFA-SSA) strategy is promising for advanced microelectronics and real industrial applications.

Fabrication strategies for chiral self-assembly surface.

Chiral self-assembly is the spontaneous organization of individual building blocks from chiral (bio)molecules to macroscopic objects into ordered superstructures. Chiral self-assembly is ubiquitous in nature, such as DNA and proteins, which formed the foundation of biological structures. In addition to chiral (bio) molecules, chiral ordered superstructures constructed by self-assembly have also attracted much attention. Chiral self-assembly usually refers to the process of forming chiral aggregates in an ordered arrangement under various non-covalent bonding such as H-bond, π-π interactions, van der Waals forces (dipole-dipole, electrostatic effects, etc.), and hydrophobic interactions. Chiral assembly involves the spontaneous process, which followed the minimum energy rule. It is essentially an intermolecular interaction force. Self-assembled chiral materials based on chiral recognition in electrochemistry, chiral catalysis, optical sensing, chiral separation, etc. have a broad application potential with the research development of chiral materials in recent years.

Bio-study: Modeling of natural nanomolecules as a nanocarrier surface for antioxidant and glucose biosensor

The nature of nano molecules as a self-assembled nanocomposite surface depends on the nanoparticles of sodium butyrate, cellulose, and pycnogenol; the synthesis is achieved via precipitation and grinding methods. The excellent functionalized surface of nanocomposite (NCP) enables the loading of the selected drugs, where the efficiency of the NCP surface arrived at 92.2 %. The electrochemical behavior emphasized the success of a functionalized NCP surface for incorporation with drugs for the drug delivery system, the results of cytotoxicity detect the effect of NCP on the mouse normal liver (BNL) cells, where the high and low concentrations on the BNL cells have a safe dose. Cell viability with BNL cells was reported at 101.8 % with10 μL and 100.12 % with 100 μL, the interaction between the NCP and the human serum albumin (HSA) at room temperature. The low interaction rate with the glutamate and increased binding with the oxidized glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and reduced glutathione (SGH) reflect the antioxidant activity of NCP. The strong binding of NCP with biomolecules such as glucose is referred to as the biosensor property. The results recommend that NCP is an excellent nanocarrier for drug delivery and glucose biosensors for diabetes.

Peptide-Driven Proton Sponge Nano-Assembly for Imaging and Triggering Lysosome-Regulated Immunogenic Cancer Cell Death.

Triggering lysosome-regulated immunogenic cell death (ICD, e.g., pyroptosis and necroptosis) with nanomedicines is an emerging approach for turning an "immune-cold" tumor "hot"-a key challenge faced by cancer immunotherapies. Proton sponge such as high-molecular-weight branched polyethylenimine (PEI) is excellent at rupturing lysosomes, but its therapeutic application is hindered by uncontrollable toxicity due to fixed charge density and poor understanding of resulted cell death mechanism. Here, a series of proton sponge nano-assemblies (PSNAs) with self-assembly controllable surface charge density and cell cytotoxicity are created. Such PSNAs are constructed via low-molecular-weight branched PEI covalently bound to self-assembling peptides carrying tetraphenylethene pyridinium (PyTPE, an aggregation-induced emission-based luminogen). Assembly of PEI assisted by the self-assembling peptide-PyTPE leads to enhanced surface positive charges and cell cytotoxicity of PSNA. The self-assembly tendency of PSNAs is further optimized by tuning hydrophilic and hydrophobic components within the peptide, thus resulting in the PSNA with the highest fluorescence, positive surface charge density, cell uptake, and cancer cell cytotoxicity. Systematic cell death mechanistic studies reveal that the lysosome rupturing-regulated pyroptosis and necroptosis are at least two causes of cell death. Tumor cells undergoing PSNA-triggered ICD activate immune cells, suggesting the great potential of PSNAs to trigger anticancer immunity.

Shapelet-based orientation and defect identification method for nanostructured surface imaging

Structure-property relations are of fundamental importance for continued progress in materials research. Determining these relationships for nanomaterials introduces additional challenges, especially when nanostructure is present, either through self-assembly or nano-lithographic processes. Recent advances have been made for quantification of nanostructured surfaces, for which many robust experimental imaging methods exist. One promising approach is based on the use of shapelet functions for image analysis, which may be used as a reduced basis for surface pattern structure resulting from a broad range of phenomena (e.g. self-assembly). These shapelet-based methods enable automated quantification of nanostructured images, guided by the user/researcher, providing pixel-level information of local order without requiring detailed knowledge of order symmetries. In this work, enhancements to the existing shapelet-based response distance method are developed which enable further analysis of local order, including quantification of local orientation and identification of topological defects. The presented shapelet-based methods are applied to a representative set of images of self-assembled surfaces from experimental characterization techniques including scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. These methods are shown to be complementary in implementation and, importantly, provide researchers with a robust and generalized computational approach to comprehensively quantify nanostructure order, including local orientation and boundaries within well-aligned grains.

Polymer Brushes and Surface Nanostructures: Molecular Design, Precise Synthesis, and Self-Assembly.

For over two decades, polymer brushes have found wide applications in industry and scientific research. Now, polymer brush research has been a significant research focus in the community of polymer science. In this review paper, we give an introduction to the synthesis, self-assembly, and applications of one-dimensional (1D) polymer brushes on polymer backbones, two-dimensional (2D) polymer brushes on flat surfaces, and three-dimensional (3D) polymer brushes on spherical particles. Examples of the synthesis of polymer brushes on different substrates are provided. Studies on the formation of the surface nanostructures on solid surfaces are also reviewed in this article. Multicomponent polymer brushes on solid surfaces are able to self-assemble into surface micelles (s-micelles). If the s-micelles are linked to the substrates through cleavable linkages, the s-micelles can be cleaved from the substrates, and the cleaved s-micelles are able to self-assemble into hierarchical structures. The formation of the surface nanostructures by coassembly of polymer brushes and "free" polymer chains (coassembly approach) or polymerization-induced surface self-assembly approach, is discussed. The applications of the polymer brushes in colloid and biomedical science are summarized. Finally, perspectives on the development of polymer brushes are offered in this article.

Construction of a layer-by-layer self-assembled rosemarinic acid delivery system on the surface of CFRPEEK implants for enhanced anti-inflammatory and osseointegration activities.

Carbon fiber-reinforced polyether ether ketone (CFRPEEK) implants have attracted widespread attention in the field of clinical bone defect repair. However, the surface bioinertness confines the application of CFRPEEK implants. Inspired by the study of rosmarinic acid (RA)-promoted osteogenic differentiation, a self-assembly surface modification method based on electrostatic interactions, involving deposition of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose/chitosan and rosmarinic acid layer by layer on the surface of poly-L-lysine modified hydroxy CFRPEEK (SCPP/CC5@RA), is proposed to introduce RA on the surface of CFRPEEK for bioactivation. After layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL), the surface of SCPP/CC5@RA exhibits weak electrophoresis (11.43 eV), suitable hydrophilicity, and bioactivity. The results of in vitro studies indicate that the RA release behavior of SCPP/CC5@RA effectively regulates the immune-inflammatory response and promotes the differentiation of osteoblasts. The rapid release of RA (0.17 μg mL-1) in the initial stage can downregulate the secretion of inflammation-related cytokines and significantly reduce oxidative stress levels; the sustained release of RA (0.06 μg mL-1) in the late stage can upregulate the expression of osteogenesis-related genes and induce mineralization of osteoblasts. Moreover, the rabbit tibia defect model demonstrates that the LBL technique can enhance the osseointegration of CFRPEEK implants. Compared with the control group, the bone trabecular thickness of the SCPP/CC5@RA group increases by 1.36 times, and the maximum pushing force increases by 2.67 times. In summary, this study provides a promising LBL based RA delivery system for the development of a dual-functional CFRPEEK implant in the field of bone implant biomaterials.

Regulation of fluorescence, morphology, surface wettability and function of naphthalimide-based self-assembly system by metal coordination

Three naphthalimide-based supramolecular gelators (N1, N2 and N3) that contained one, two, or three naphthalimide groups, respectively, were designed and synthesized, and the self-assembly processes of the three gelators were studied using different technique. Their self-assembly behavior could be regulated through the number of terminal branches. More importantly, their self-assembled structure, fluorescence behavior and surface wettability and function could be regulated through metal coordination, and helical nanofibers could be formed by gel N2 with Cd2+, Co2+, Eu3+, Tb3+, Mn2+, Ni2+ and Hg2+. The fluorescence emission intensities of these gels could change with different degrees under the addition of different metal ions, and a super-hydrophilic surface could be obtained from xerogel N3 in the presence of Co2+, Eu3+, Mn2+ and Tb3+. Specifically, gelator N3 could selectively and sensitively respond to Fe2+ in the solution and gel state with a response time of 0.5 s and a low limit of detection of 1.84 nM. This work provided a new regulation method for the supramolecular self-assembly process.

Significant enhancement of high-temperature capacitive energy storage in dielectric films through surface self-assembly of BNNS coatings

Polymer dielectrics, serving as integral components in electrostatic capacitors, must meet the escalating demands for electrical energy storage and conversion in harsh environments. However, the current enhancement of breakdown strength in polymer composite materials often relies on intricate nanostructure designs or inorganic deposition methods, which result in high production costs, slow processing, and hinder industrial scalability. Here, we present an economically efficient and easily implementable surface modification approach. This method induces the self-assembly of high-insulation-performance boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) on the film surface through electrostatic interactions, thereby enhancing the high-temperature electrical insulation and energy storage performance of polymer dielectrics. At room temperature, the breakdown strength of the BNNS-coated polyetherimide (PEI) significantly increased to 544 MV/m, representing a 100 MV/m improvement compared to pure PEI. At elevated temperatures (200 °C), the organic insulator achieved a high breakdown strength of 439 MV/m and a high energy density of 2.59 J/cm3. The tangential orientation of the nanosheets effectively impedes charge injection from electrodes while promoting charge dissipation and heat transfer. This work provides a novel avenue for the design of high-performance polymer dielectrics for high-temperature energy storage through surface engineering.

Dynamic layer-by-layer surface self-assembly on aluminum fuel for improving the comprehensive performance of propellants

Aluminum-based fuels generally suffer from poor compatibility with the polymer matrix, low combustion heat and severe agglomeration after combustion, which seriously restrict the overall effectiveness of solid propellants. Herein, due to the synergy of borate ester bonding and unsaturated boron-nitrogen coordination, the highly incompatible fluoride and glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) were orderly aligned on Al to construct novel dynamically layer-by-layer coated aluminum fuel (Al@PFND-B-GAP). The thermal reaction performance of Al@PFND-B-GAP with oxygen was significantly improved, and its heat release was 2.42 times that of Al. In the ignition tests, Al@PFND-B-GAP released multiple bright flames to induce microexplosion with the mushroom cloud morphology, which greatly improved the detonation performance of aluminum powder. When Al@PFND-B-GAP was used for building up the hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)-based propellants, the agglomeration of the aluminum powder was significantly inhibited after combustion. Even with a solid loading of up to 86%, the dynamic interface via layer-by-layer assembly on Al could simultaneously improve the mechanical properties, combustion performance, and anti-agglomeration of the solid propellant. Our proposed Al@PFND-B-GAP could improve the comprehensive performance of solid propellants. And it was an inspiration for the future construction of multistage dynamic coatings and micro/nano ordered interfaces.