Self-adaptive Differential Evolution Research Articles

Self-adaptive differential evolution algorithm with dynamic fitness-ranking mutation and pheromone strategy

Self-adaptive differential evolution algorithm with dynamic fitness-ranking mutation and pheromone strategy

Using cooperative coevolution in large-scale black-box constraint satisfaction problems

Solving constrained large-scale global optimization problems poses a challenging task. In these problems with constraints, when the number of variables is measured in the thousands, when the constraints are presented in the form of a black box, and neither the size nor the configuration of the feasible region is known, it is very difficult to find at least one feasible solution. In general, such a problem of finding a feasible region is known as a constraint satisfaction problem. In this paper, we have extended a well-known benchmark set based on constrained optimization problems up to 1000 variables. We have evaluated the CC-SHADE performance, to tackle constraints in large-scale search space. CC-SHADE merges the power of cooperative coevolution and self-adaptive differential evolution. Our extensive experimental evaluations on a range of benchmark problems demonstrate the strong dependence of the performance of CC-SHADE on the number of individuals and the subcomponent number. The numerical results emphasize the importance of using a cooperative coevolution framework for evolutionary-based approaches compared to conventional methods. All numerical experiments are proven by the Wilcoxon test.

A Self-adaptive Collaborative Differential Evolution Algorithm for Solving Energy Resource Management Problems in Smart Grids

A Self-adaptive Collaborative Differential Evolution Algorithm for Solving Energy Resource Management Problems in Smart Grids

Efficiency analysis of thermoelectric generators

The negative environmental and economic impact, derived from the use of fossil fuels – oil, coal, gas, and other non-renewable sources of energy – has stimulated scientific research on clean and economically viable sources. Photovoltaics and wind power are intermittent sources which stimulates the quest for other energy sources. In this sense, a promising source of energy is made up of Thermoelectric Generators (TEGs), which have the property of converting thermal energy into electrical energy, through the well-known Seebeck Effect. A new methodology for the characterization of these devices is presented in this work. For a robust analysis of the measures, the extraction of parameters is done through the meta-heuristic Self-Adaptive differential evolution method. This is made possible by simultaneous fitting of three equations and five parameters in a consistent autonomous fashion. Besides a robust experimental setup which allows the generation and precise control of the temperature variable as electrical measurements, in a controlled environment, and a thorough statistical analysis is carried for eight TEGs, model SP-184827145 which gives the mean performance of the manufactured devices. The results obtained with low uncertainties indicates that this methodology is a reliable and low-cost option for the characterization of thermoelectric devices.

An evolutionary multi-algorithm based framework for the parametric estimation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell

This paper proposes a multi-strategy, multiple algorithms based hybrid strategy using flower pollination algorithm (FPA), grey wolf optimizer (GWO), INFO, and naked mole rat algorithm (NMRA). The proposed algorithm, named the Flower Grey INFO Naked (FGIN) algorithm, incorporates the most effective equations from the FPA, GWO, INFO, and NMRA. Here FPA’s basic structure following global and local search is used, GWO is meant for providing extensive exploration, whereas INFO and NMRA both contribute towards exploitative search. Dynamic iterative search and population segmentation strategies are incorporated for enhanced performance of FGIN algorithm. For enhanced self-adaptivity, six mutation weight operators are applied to the three parameters of the proposed strategy. FGIN is also subjected to higher dimensional and variable population analysis, and has been found to be highly effective. A deeper analysis using CEC 2005, CEC 2017, CEC 2019 and CEC 2022 benchmark data set is also performed to validate the superiority of the proposed algorithm with respect to success history based differential evolution (SHADE), self-adaptive DE (SaDE), NL-LSHADE-LBC, DE with active archive (JADE), LSHADE-SPACMA, evolutionary algorithms with eigen crossover (EA4eig), extended GWO (GWO-E), NL-LSHADE-RSP-MID, jDE100, and others. The proposed FIGN algorithm is then used for the parametric identification of proton exchange membranes in fuel cells (PEMFC). The optimization challenge of PEMFC is to minimize the sum of squared error (SSE) between the experimental and measured voltage. And also determine, the optimal values of seven unknown parameters for the PEMFC stack’s. To illustrate the potential of the FGIN algorithm is validated by utilizing five well-known commercial PEMFCs, namely NedStack PS6, BCS 500 W, Stack 250 W, Ballard Mark V, and Horizon H-12 Stack. In order to check the effectiveness of the FGIN algorithm, both parametric and non-parametric statistical tests have been conducted, and it has been found that the proposed algorithm performs significantly better.

Structural Determination and Hierarchical Evolution of Transition Metal Clusters Based on an Improved Self-Adaptive Differential Evolution with Neighborhood Search Algorithm.

Determining the optimal structures and clarifying the corresponding hierarchical evolution of transition metal clusters are of fundamental importance for their applications. The global optimization of clusters containing a large number of atoms, however, is a vastly challenging task encountered in many fields of physics and chemistry. In this work, a high-efficiency self-adaptive differential evolution with neighborhood search (SaNSDE) algorithm, which introduced an optimized cross-operation and an improved Basin Hopping module, was employed to search the lowest-energy structures of CoN, PtN, and FeN (N = 3-200) clusters. The performance of the SaNSDE algorithm was first evaluated by comparing our results with the parallel results collected in the Cambridge Cluster Database (CCD). Subsequently, different analytical methods were introduced to investigate the structural and energetic properties of these clusters systematically, and special attention was paid to elucidating the structural evolution with cluster size by exploring their overall shape, atomic arrangement, structural similarity, and growth pattern. By comparison with those results listed in the CCD, 13 lower-energy structures of FeN clusters were discovered. Moreover, our results reveal that the clusters of three metals had different magic numbers with superior stable structures, most of which possessed high symmetry. The structural evolution of Co, Pt, and Fe clusters could be, respectively, considered as predominantly closed-shell icosahedral, Marks decahedral, and disordered icosahedral-ring growth. Further, the formation of shell structures was discovered, and the clusters with hcp-, fcc-, and bcc-like configurations were ascertained. Nevertheless, the growth of the clusters was not simply atom-to-atom piling up on a given cluster despite gradual saturation of the coordination number toward its bulk limit. Our work identifies the general growth trends for such a wide region of cluster sizes, which would be unbearably expensive in first-principles calculations, and advances the development of global optimization algorithms for the structural prediction of clusters.

Parameter estimation of Wiener-Hammerstein system based on multi-population self-adaptive differential evolution algorithm

PurposeThe Wiener-Hammerstein nonlinear system is made up of two dynamic linear subsystems in series with a static nonlinear subsystem, and it is widely used in electrical, mechanical, aerospace and other fields. This paper considers the parameter estimation of the Wiener-Hammerstein output error moving average (OEMA) system.Design/methodology/approachThe idea of multi-population and parameter self-adaptive identification is introduced, and a multi-population self-adaptive differential evolution (MPSADE) algorithm is proposed. In order to confirm the feasibility of the above method, the differential evolution (DE), the self-adaptive differential evolution (SADE), the MPSADE and the gradient iterative (GI) algorithms are derived to identify the Wiener-Hammerstein OEMA system, respectively.FindingsFrom the simulation results, the authors find that the estimation errors under the four algorithms stabilize after 120, 30, 20 and 300 iterations, respectively, and the estimation errors of the four algorithms converge to 5.0%, 3.6%, 2.7% and 7.3%, which show that all four algorithms can identify the Wiener-Hammerstein OEMA system.Originality/valueCompared with DE, SADE and GI algorithm, the MPSADE algorithm not only has higher parameter estimation accuracy but also has a faster convergence speed. Finally, the input–output relationship of laser welding system is described and identified by the MPSADE algorithm. The simulation results show that the MPSADE algorithm can effectively identify parameters of the laser welding system.

An assets maintenance-workforce planning problem under uncertainty: A chance constraints assisted simulation-optimization approach

Preventive and corrective maintenance-workforce planning for assets is a growing area of research, given the presence of uncertainty. We model a Simulation-Optimization framework to solve this challenging large-scale maintenance-workforce planning problem while considering its stochastic nature inside both the simulation and optimization models. A holistic simulation model is proposed through multiple modules to imitate different aspects of the maintenance process, i.e., spare facilities/storage and workforce. The workforce module represents technicians’ types, skills and levels, and employment life-cycle, including recruitment, promotion, and separation/retirement. The present uncertainty in the simulation model demands its corresponding optimization model to cope with the nature of the problem and guarantee a degree of confidence level of the optimal decisions. Therefore, a Chance Constraints Programming (CCP) method is integrated with an evolutionary optimization algorithm to limit the risk level of violating the random constraints while minimizing the total maintenance cost. Discrete Event Simulation (DES) and Self-Adaptive Differential Evolution assisted with Chance Constraints (SA-DE-CC) algorithm are coupled to solve the current problem. The optimization model is proposed to optimize the preventive maintenance frequency and workforce planning problem while implicitly considering corrective maintenance in the simulation model. The Taguchi method performs scenario and risk analysis for multiple CC probability distributions (i.e., Weibull and Normal), confidence levels, and critical parameter combinations. The model’s sensitivity analysis and managerial insights are also discussed.

Hybrid extreme learning machine-based approach for IDS in smart Ad Hoc networks

In recent years, intrusion detection systems (IDSs) have increasingly come to be regarded as a significant method due to their potential to develop into a key component that is necessary for the safety of computer networks. This work focuses on the usage of extreme learning machines, which are also known as ELMs, with the purpose of spotting prospective intrusions and assaults. The proposed method combines the self-adaptive differential evolution method for optimising network input weights and hidden node biases and multi-node probabilistic approach with the extreme learning machine for deriving network output weights. This body of work presents an innovative method of learning that can be put into practice in order to determine whether or not an incursion has taken place in the system that is the focus of the investigation that is being carried out by this body of work. A hybrid extreme learning machine is used in the execution of this strategy. When there is one thousand times more traffic on a network, the ability of regular IDS systems to detect malicious network intrusions is lowered by a factor of one hundred. This is because there are less opportunities to detect the intrusions. This is due to the fact that there are less probabilities to identify potential dangers. This paper lays the groundwork for a novel methodology for identifying malicious network breaches. The findings of the simulation demonstrated that putting into practice the approach that was proposed resulted in an improvement in the accuracy of the scenario's classification while it was being investigated. The implementation of the method seems to have produced the desired results.

Integrated Renewable Energy Storage System with Enhanced Self-Adaptive Differential Evolution Algorithm on Profit Maximization

Integrated Renewable Energy Storage System with Enhanced Self-Adaptive Differential Evolution Algorithm on Profit Maximization

Handling imbalanced class in melanoma: Kemeny–Young rule based optimal rank aggregation and Self-Adaptive Differential Evolution Optimization

Melanoma, despite its relatively low incidence compared to other types of skin cancer, accounts for a significant proportion of skin cancer-related deaths. Early detection of melanoma is crucial for improving patient survival rates. Deep learning algorithms, which heavily rely on data, are widely used in melanoma detection. However, the performance of these algorithms is greatly influenced by the distribution of the dataset, particularly class imbalance. In this manuscript, the authors present a novel method based on the Kemeny–Young rule for optimal rank aggregation to address the class imbalance problem in melanoma detection. The proposed approach aims to reduce class bias and enhance overall classification accuracy. Furthermore, a cost-sensitive learning approach is introduced to improve the classifier’s ability to handle class imbalance effectively. This novel cost-sensitive learning method utilizes Self-Adaptive Differential Evolution Optimization to determine optimal weights for each class. Our approach differs from traditional methods that assign weights based on predefined criteria. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed methods, extensive experiments and ablation studies are conducted on the highly imbalanced ISIC 2020 dataset, which is widely used in melanoma detection research. The Kemeny–Young rule-based majority voting achieves an overall error rate of 2.44%, while the cost-sensitive learning based on the Self-Adaptive Differential Evolution approach achieves an even lower error rate of 1.99%. Moreover, the proposed method achieves a sensitivity of 87.93% and a specificity of 98.19%. These experimental results demonstrate the competitiveness and effectiveness of the proposed methods in addressing the challenges posed by class imbalance and improving the accuracy of melanoma detection. By effectively mitigating class imbalance, these methods improve the accuracy and reliability of melanoma detection, thus offering valuable insights for developing advanced computer-aided diagnosis systems in dermatology. The relevant codes for our proposed approach are publicly available at: https://github.com/ctrl-gaurav/Handling-Imbalanced-Class-in-Melanoma.

Self-Adaptive Differential Evolution with Hybrid Rules of Perturbation for Dynamic Optimization

In this paper an adaptive differential evolution approach for dynamic optimization problems is studied. A new benchmark suite Syringa is also presented. The suite allows to generate test-cases from a multiple number of dynamic optimization classes. Two dynamic benchmarks: Generalized Dynamic Benchmark Generator (GDBG) and Moving Peaks Benchmark (MPB) have been simulated in Syringa and in the presented research they were subject of the experimental research. Two versions of adaptive differential evolution approach, namely the jDE algorithm have been heavily tested: the pure version of jDE and jDE equipped with solutions mutated with a new operator. The operator uses a symmetric α-stable distribution variate for modification of the solution coordinates.

Integration of a parabolic trough solar collector with an energy-intensive multi-effect evaporator: A move towards industrial decarbonization

The current study analyzes the potential of an environmentally benign integration of a parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC) with a heat-intensive multi-effect evaporator (MEE) used in pulp and paper industry. Actual plant data was used to simulate the MEE and estimate the steam economy (SE) and steam consumption (SC), which are used to judge the performance of PTSC-MEE system. Four distinct alternatives for the integration are investigated with Self-adaptive Differential Evolution (SaDE) utilized for optimization. Initially, a normal PTSC with four different model configurations of MEE, basic or with energy reduction schemes (ERSs) are tested and found that SE is slightly increased for each. Next, a geometrically optimized/combinatorial optimized PTSC with basic MEE is examined, a rise of ∼3.4% in SE is noted for both, with current integration outperforming one out of three ERSs. Subsequently, geometrical plus combinatorial optimized PTSC with basic MEE is inspected, increase in SE reached 7.59% and two of the three ERSs outperformed. Economic analysis is conducted to estimate the steam saving with different PTSC-MEE systems and corresponding payback periods. The possibility of decarbonization with the various integration possibilities is also explored by evaluating the fuel savings and related CO2 savings.

Electromagnetic Imaging for Buried Conductors Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

In the past, many conventional algorithms, such as self-adaptive dynamic differential evolution and asynchronous particle swarm optimization, were used to reconstruct buried objects in the frequency domain; these were unfortunately time-consuming during the iterative, repeated computing process of the scattered field. Consequently, we propose an innovative deep convolutional neural network approach to solve the electromagnetic inverse scattering problem for buried conductors in this paper. Different shapes of conductors are buried in one half-space and the electromagnetic wave from the other half-space is incident. The shape of the conductor can be reconstructed promptly by inputting the received scattered fields measured from the upper half-space into the deep convolutional neural network module, which avoids the computational complexity of Green’s function for training. Numerical results show that the root mean square error for differently shaped—circular, elliptical, arrow, peanut, four-petal, and three-petal—reconstructed images are, respectively, 2.95%, 3.11%, 17.81%, 15.10%, 14.14%, and 15.24%. Briefly speaking, not only can circular and elliptical buried conductors be reconstructed; some irregular shapes can be reconstructed well. On the contrary, the reconstruction result by U-Net for buried objects is worse since it is not able to obtain a good preliminary image by processing only the upper scattered field—that is, rather than the full space. In other words, our proposed deep convolutional neural network can efficiently solve the electromagnetic inverse scattering problem of buried conductors and provide a novel method for the microwave imaging of the buried conductors. This is the first successful attempt at using deep convolutional neural networks for buried conductors in the frequency domain, which may be useful for practical applications in various fields such as the medical, military, or industrial fields, including magnetic resonance imaging, mine detection and clearance, non-destructive testing, gas or wire pipeline detection, etc.

Design of Novel Ultrabroadband Printed Antenna and Its Efficient Optimization Using Self-Adaptive Hybrid Differential Evolution Algorithm

A novel compact ultra-broadband-modified fork-shaped printed antenna is optimized efficiently by using a self-adaptive hybrid differential evolution (SHDE) algorithm. Firstly, a novel compact ultra-broadband-modified fork-shaped printed antenna structure is proposed. The antenna with more compact size consists of a modified fork-shaped radiator and a modified ground plane, which can cover a very wide operating frequency band. The antenna is fed by a step-shaped microstrip line, and the modified ground plane consists of some rectangular slots and an L-shaped stub. Then, the SHDE algorithm is used to determine structural dimensions of the proposed antenna, and the antenna’s performance is optimized while maintaining a cost-effective computation time. The optimized antenna with only 11.8 mm × 19.7 mm size covers -10 dB reflection coefficient bandwidth of 147.6% from 3.08 to 20.46 GHz. Finally, the antenna prototype is fabricated, and the measured results basically agree with the simulated ones. The proposed antenna can be viewed as an excellent candidate for realizing ultrabroadband transmission technology.

Self-Adaptive Differential Evolution with Gauss Distribution for Optimal Mechanism Design

Differential evolution (DE) is one of the best evolutionary algorithms (EAs). In recent decades, many techniques have been developed to enhance the performance of this algorithm, such as the Improve Self-Adaptive Differential Evolution (ISADE) algorithm. Based on the analysis of the aspects that may improve the performance of ISADE, we proposed a modified ISADE version with applying the Gauss distribution for mutation procedure. In ISADE, to determine the scaling factor (F), the population is ranked, then, based on the rank number, population size, and current generation, the formula of the Sigmoid function is used. In the proposed algorithm, F is amplified by a factor which is generated based on Gaussian distribution. It has the potential to enhance the variety of population. In comparison with several reference algorithms regarding converging speed and the consistency of optimal solutions, the simulation results reveal the performance of the suggested algorithm is exceptional.

Value aided optimal load shedding accounting voltage stability consideration employing Crow Search Algorithm with modification based on Lampinen’s criterion

This paper describes a novel load-shedding strategy that assures adequate voltage stability margin in post-load-shedding conditions. Minimum numbers of buses are selected for load shedding based on the incremental voltage of the load buses. An objective function has been formed that is to be minimized based on inequality constraints on load bus voltage and line flow. This objective function is the weighted sum of the slope of the PV-curve of the weakest bus, transmission losses, and the total load shed amount, which has been normalized with respect to the pre-load shed condition. A modified Crow Search Algorithm (CSA) has been used to obtain optimal load shed. The developed methodology has been implemented on standard IEEE 14 and 25-bus test systems, and comparisons based on statistical inferences have been carried out with the Sine–Cosine, Jaya, and Self-adaptive differential evolution (SaDE) algorithms.

Efficient Evolving Deep Ensemble Medical Image Captioning Network.

With the advancement in artificial intelligence (AI) based E-healthcare applications, the role of automated diagnosis of various diseases has increased at a rapid rate. However, most of the existing diagnosis models provide results in a binary fashion such as whether the patient is infected with a specific disease or not. But there are many cases where it is required to provide suitable explanatory information such as the patient being infected from a particular disease along with the infection rate. Therefore, in this paper, to provide explanatory information to the doctors and patients, an efficient deep ensemble medical image captioning network (DCNet) is proposed. DCNet ensembles three well-known pre-trained models such as VGG16, ResNet152V2, and DenseNet201. Ensembling of these models achieves better results by preventing an over-fitting problem. However, DCNet is sensitive to its control parameters. Thus, to tune the control parameters, an evolving DCNet (EDC-Net) was proposed. Evolution process is achieved using the self-adaptive parameter control-based differential evolution (SAPCDE). Experimental results show that EDC-Net can efficiently extract the potential features of biomedical images. Comparative analysis shows that on the Open-i dataset, EDC-Net outperforms the existing models in terms of BLUE-1, BLUE-2, BLUE-3, BLUE-4, and kappa statistics (KS) by 1.258%, 1.185%, 1.289%, 1.098%, and 1.548%, respectively.

Memory, evolutionary operator, and local search based improved Grey Wolf Optimizer with linear population size reduction technique

Optimization of multi-modal functions is challenging even for evolutionary and swarm-based algorithms as it requires an efficient exploration for finding the promising region of the search space, and effective exploitation to precisely find the global optimum. Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) is a recently developed metaheuristic algorithm that is inspired by nature with a relatively small number of parameters for tuning. However, GWO and most of its variants may suffer from the lack of population diversity, premature convergence, and the inability to preserve a good balance between exploratory and exploitative behaviors. To address these limitations, this work proposes a new variant of GWO incorporating memory, evolutionary operators, and a stochastic local search technique. It further integrates Linear Population Size Reduction (LPSR) technique. The proposed algorithm is comprehensively tested on 23 numerical benchmark functions, high dimensional benchmark functions, 13 engineering case studies, four data classifications, and three function approximation problems. The benchmark functions are mostly taken from the CEC 2005 and CEC 2010 special sessions, and they include rotated, shifted functions. The engineering case studies are from the CEC 2020 real-world non-convex constrained optimization problems. The performance of the proposed GWO is compared with popular metaheuristics, namely, particle swarm optimization (PSO), gravitational search algorithm (GSA), slap swarm algorithm (SSA), differential evolution (DE), self-adaptive differential evolution (SADE), basic GWO and its three recently improved variants. Statistical analysis and Friedman tests have been conducted to thoroughly compare their performance. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed GWO outperforms the algorithms compared for the benchmark functions and engineering case studies tested.

Dynamic Modeling and Controller Design for a Parabolic Trough Solar Collector

The current study unveils an analytical dynamic model of a parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC) and subsequently presents the process to derive the transfer function of the PTSC system. The presented generalized transfer function derivation can be utilized to relate different operating parameters with the output temperature for any PTSC module. Presented model and derivation are applied on a PTSC module tested by Sandia National Laboratory, USA and a transfer function relating the outlet temperature of heat transfer fluid (HTF) with flowrate is derived. PID controller is designed to maintain the HTF outlet temperature by manipulating the flowrate. Controller tuning is performed <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">via</i> nature-inspired algorithms (NIAs) which is rare in the context of the control systems for PTSCs. Two NIAs namely Self-adaptive Differential Evolution (SaDE) and African Vultures Optimization Algorithm (AVOA) were used for tuning with minimization of integral of time-weighted absolute error (ITAE) as an objective. It is concluded that SaDE-PID tuned controller outperforms AVOA-PID tuned controller with lower ITAE and in terms of other controller characteristics. Also, the designed controller is examined on various grounds as transient response characteristics and performance indexes. This completes the investigation of the integrity of the presented model, process, and controller.