Selective Waste Collection Research Articles

Selective waste collection on construction sites: evaluation of the current state, legal requirements and market challenges

Selective waste collection on construction sites: evaluation of the current state, legal requirements and market challenges

A környezettudatos gondolkodás és magatartás vizsgálata a Pécsi járásban = The Examination of the Environmentally Conscious Thinking and Behavior in the District of Pécs

Environmentally conscious thinking and the knowledge and attitude of society towards sustainability have a big impact on the practicability of the sustainability of socio-economic processes. The overarching goal of the present research is to analyze the environmental awareness of the Pécs District. The foundation of the primer research was a questionnaire survey. The present study, moreover, is founded on the databases of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office. According to the survey, in the dimension of transport, the car is the most popular vehicle to use; in terms of shopping, people have an environmentally conscious attitude; and on average, the subjects reported they were likely to take part in selective waste collection. The results of the present survey contribute to the exploration of the environmentally conscious behavior of the population of a micro-region, therefore are useful for all those who are interested in or support developing environmental consciousness.

The Impact of Variable Ambient Temperatures on the Energy Efficiency and Performance of Electric Vehicles during Waste Collection

The market for electric cars (EVs) is growing quickly, which has led to a diversity of models and significant technological advancements, particularly in the areas of energy management, charging, range, and batteries. A thorough analysis of the scientific literature was conducted to determine the operational and technical parameters of EVs’ performance and energy efficiency, as well as the factors that influence them. This article addresses the knowledge gap on the analysis of ambient temperature-related parameters’ effects on electric garbage trucks operating in particular urban traffic conditions for selective waste collection. To optimize vehicle routes, a computational model based on the Vehicle Routing Problem was used, including the Ant Colony Optimization algorithm, considering not only the load capacity of garbage trucks but also their driving range, depending on the ambient temperature. The results show that the median value of collected bulky waste for electric waste collection vans, depending on the ambient temperature, per route is 7.1 kg/km and 220 kg/h. At a temperature of −10 °C, the number of points served by EVs is 40–64% of the number of points served by conventional vehicles. Waste collection using EVs can be carried out over short distances of up to 150 km, which constitutes 95% of the optimized routes in the analyzed case study. The research contributed to the optimal and energy-efficient use of EVs in variable temperature conditions.

Практика управления отходами в контексте устойчивого развития и циркулярной экономики

Human activities inevitably lead to waste generation, therefore the concern for the environment remains relevant. For a long time, waste management was limited to collection, transportation and disposal, and with time only the focus shifted for selective waste collection and then recycling. The main cause for the problem was the linear economic system operated for many years, entailing resource depletion, significant stress on the environment, and climate change. As a result, the circular economy (closed-loop economy), which treats waste products not as garbage but as production resource, has recently become high on the political agenda. In this regard, it is worthwhile to study and analyze international practices in waste management, since it can be useful for developing strategies to improve the waste management system aimed at achieving the goals of sustainable development and the circular economy.

Automated and interactive selective collection system in the educational context of the early years of elementary education

Striving for a more sustainable future, selective waste collection is essential to minimize environmental impacts and promote societal awareness. This project aims to raise awareness among children in the early years of elementary school. It teaches them interactively about the importance of selective waste collection through the reinforcement and practice of sustainable actions in a playful manner. The automated trash bin, constructed using electronic components, is controlled through the Arduino platform with the assistance of sensors and actuators. Thus, when a child approaches the automated trash bin, a sound is emitted to indicate the type of material the bin receives. This solution aims to teach non-literate children how to perform selective waste collection in an interactive and playful manner, instructing them on the separation and disposal of waste using the trash bin. The final prototype underwent preliminary evaluation by 64 individuals through an online questionnaire comprising nine closed-ended questions. The results were positive regarding the effectiveness of this tool's proposal.

ANALYSIS OF THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS OF SELECTIVE WASTE COLLECTION

Considering the increase in the generationof solid waste worldwide, selective wastecollection is one of the initiatives thatpromote the reverse logistics of thesematerials, in a way to reduce environmentalimpacts. However, mobilizing thepopulation to promote the return of thesewastes has been a difficult task amongpublic managers. Only strategicallyimplemented communication, not treated ina unique way to reach all audiences, cancontribute to the success of selectivecollection programs. Therefore, this studyaims to identify significant variables, fromthe individuals' opinion, that impedeunderstanding the message contentprovided in selective collection programs.For this, a case study was carried out in a citylocated in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.Multiple logistic regression was used as astatistical analysis tool, in which theresponse variable (the individual's capacityto understand the content of the messages)is considered as a function of 33 explanatoryvariables. From the data analysis, it wasobtained the most adequate logistic modelwith a predictive capacity of almost 92%,such that six explanatory variables (Genre; Ifthe citizen performs separation of materials;If the citizen knows how selective collectionhelps the environment; If the citizen knowsthe municipal cooperative; If the citizenknows that the separation contributes to theeconomy of the city; and, Citizen preferencefor other media for feedback) weresignificant to the response variable. Theresults showed there is an interference ofvariables in the individual's capacity tounderstand the content of the messages,indicating that in a communicationalprocess it is necessary to take into accountthe peculiarities and heterogeneity of thepopulation to achieve the intended purpose.

Selective collection: economic and socio-environmental impacts in municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

This study estimates the economic, social and environmental contributions of the selective collection of solid waste, highlighting the increase in the production of this waste in Brazil, despite the existence of robust environmental legislation. Addressing Law nº. 12,305/2010 – National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) and the Municipal Solid Waste Management Plan (PMGRS), the work proposes the implementation of selective collection in municipalities. Based on case studies and bibliographical research, questionnaires are applied to managers of organizations that perform the service. Selective collection contributes to a cleaner environment, favoring correct environmental practices. Furthermore, it promotes social inclusion through cooperative organizations, as provided for in the PNRS, generating income for participants. The study highlights the selected collection as an agent of environmental awareness and socioeconomic inclusion, verifying the specific difficulties of the analyzed municipalities and defending the strengthening of the organizations involved.

Brazil’s Formal E-Waste Recycling System: From Disposal to Reverse Manufacturing

This study investigates the post-regulation scenario of waste electrical and electronic equipment (e-waste) reverse logistics in Florianópolis, an island in southern Brazil, following Decree N° 10240/2020. Employing a case study approach, involving observation and semi-structured interviews, the research explores key stakeholders’ roles. The results indicate collaborative efforts among the municipal cleaning service provider, recycler, and manager entity, supporting effective e-waste take-back systems. This cooperation not only strengthens the formal recycling market but also yields socio-environmental benefits. The study reveals that optimal outcomes arise from the collaboration between the public cleaning service provider and the business sector, fostering a mutually beneficial relationship. Concerning e-waste value recovery, there is a notable inclination to extend the life cycle of small equipment, emphasizing reuse and remanufacture cycles, while larger electrical and electronic items follow to recycling and recovery cycles. In summary, this research contributes to aligning stakeholders in e-waste reverse logistics, emphasizing compliance with legislation and fostering a deeper understanding of roles, functions, and alliances. The study provides a strategic and structured perspective on e-waste management in a city renowned for selective waste collection and considered a national benchmark for reverse logistics, reinforcing its commitment to sustainability.

Selective Collection Of Solid Waste Using An Application – Carcará Software Proposal

The article contributes to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) based on information Technology (IT) and the proper use of industrial property rights for their protection. The prototype in the form of an application helps to identify selective collection points and monitors the process of disposal of Recyclable Urban Solid Waste produced in the municipality of Santarém - PA. From a research with a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive approach based on the collection of data from the platform of the Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (INPI), using the following keywords: selective collection, solid and recyclable waste, added to the concept of information Technology and urban solid waste. In summary, we sought to identify software records related to SDG target 12.5 of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This research served as a sample for the creation of a technological solution, generated in the conceptual presentation of the “Carcará” application, as a software that contributes to the selective collection of urban solid waste.

The research on effectiveness of the electronic and electrical waste selective collection system in Lublin city, Poland

The research on effectiveness of the electronic and electrical waste selective collection system in Lublin city, Poland

STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES OF SOLID MUNICIPAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN SEVASTOPOL

One of the trends in municipal solid waste (MSW) management is the phased implementation of the Zero Waste concept based on the separate waste collection and its subsequent processing into useful products and expanding its reuse. This concept can be implemented within the municipal waste flow management, where it is relevant to search for low-cost ways to reduce the volume of deposited waste in conditions of limited funding. The paper examines the problems of managing municipal waste flows using the example of Sevastopol. Elements of the promising structural and technological scheme for the selective waste collection were developed, and strategic goals for managing municipal solid waste in a federal city were determined. Economic and infrastructural barriers that prevent the expansion of the range of materials and raw materials isolated from MSW were revealed. It is recommended to increase the volume of processed organic waste to produce compost: implementation of technologies for anaerobic biofermentation of organic components of MSW that are capable of biological decomposition, technologies for aerobic biofermentation of garden waste (green waste) mixed with municipal sewage sludge; thermal processing of alternative fuels from waste with heat recovery and full use of the waste energy resource using environmentally friendly and waste-free technologies.

Digestate Quality Originating from Kitchen Waste

This paper examines the influence of biomass directed to anaerobic digestion on the quality of digestate, specifically focusing on the presence of undesirable substances, such as plastics, including biodegradable ones. It analyses the susceptibility of selected bioplastics to degradation and addresses the problem of reliable identification of microplastics in both feedstock—directed to anaerobic digestion—and produced digestate. The review indicates the advantages of using kitchen waste as a feedstock for anaerobic digestion. The constant availability of kitchen waste as a raw material, its homogeneous composition, and the fact that it is not subjected to seasonal fluctuations, facilitates its management in the anaerobic digestion process. However, to ensure the desired quality of a digestate, it is important to carry the selective collection of waste at the source. The review refers to the issues of quality, materials, and regulations, and it may be useful for readers entering the subject of a material loop, as well as those already involved in the subject, including local government units. Anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste is an important part of a renewable economy, providing year-round constantly available substrate for energy production that is not seasonally dependent.

Theoretical analysis of the selective collection process in the city of Manaus

This article presents a theoretical analysis of the selective waste collection process in the city of Manaus. The methodology adopted follows a qualitative approach, employing investigative resources derived from bibliographical and documentary research. The overall objective of this study is to comprehend, verify, and describe the operational aspects of the selective waste collection process in Manaus. By examining existing literature and relevant documents, the study aims to gain insights into the functioning and effectiveness of the city's waste collection system. The analysis will contribute to the understanding of key factors that influence the success of selective collection initiatives, providing valuable information for future urban waste management strategies. The findings may pave the way for sustainable waste management practices in Manaus and serve as a reference for other cities facing similar challenges.

Sustainability indicators applied to a local strategy context: Proposals to improve selective waste collection systems involving waste picker organizations

Sustainability indicators applied to a local strategy context: Proposals to improve selective waste collection systems involving waste picker organizations

Assessment and development of the selective waste collection at the University of Miskolc

The importance of a selective waste collection system cannot be underestimated in today's economy. It can be seen as a principle of individual and social responsibility to reduce some of the pollution caused by over-consumption. Selective waste collection is an important pillar of circular economy, but there are still many sceptics and unwillingness to do so in Hungary. There are many ways to reduce this phenomenon, but without physical selective collection points, the system will unfortunately not work. The aim of this publication is to assess the location of these collection points in the University of Miskolc and to propose ways to improve their distribution.

WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE CITY OF ORADEA – AN APPROACH IN THE LIGHT OF TRANSITION FROM A LINEAR TO A CIRCULAR ECONOMY

Transition from the linear to the circular economy is not only a desideratum of all developed economies; it ultimately represents the chance for the world we all live in will to continue to exist. If in the first part of our paper we analysed the main characteristics of both the linear economy and the circular economy, in the light of an extensive literature, while focusing on the mechanisms that would allow a transition as smoothly as possible; in the second part of the paper, we aimed to analyse the state of play in the city of Oradea in terms of intelligent, selective waste management. Our analysis focused on two main strands: the selective collection of waste and the implementation of a recycling program for biodegradable waste. If in the first part of the analysis we came to the conclusion that it is necessary to involve all stakeholders, including public authorities, the private sector and civil society, in the second part we needed a statistical data analysis in order to be able to deeply understand the economic mechanisms behind the population’ and businesses’ behaviour. In that regard, we ran a statistical analysis of the amount of waste collected in the city of Oradea using the dedicated software SPSS 24 (Armonk); all outcomes were considered significant at a significance level of 0.05, while the connection between the variables was linear and of medium intensity. The conclusion we reach is that a positive evolution can be observed in the waste management following the implementation of the management system.

Sustainable Municipal Waste Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Case Study of Poland

With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the waste management sector had to face new challenges, e.g., changes in the size and composition of the waste stream, or the presence of potentially infectious waste. This article is based on a case study in Poland. The data analysis showed that the increase in municipal waste mass during the pandemic did not differ from statistics observed in previous years and ranged from 0.3 to 0.5 million tons per year. Lifestyle changes caused a decrease in the amount of waste generated outside households. Social migrations contributed to rapid changes in the mass of waste generated in selected agglomerations by up to 80 kg/capita. In the waste stream, significant amounts of specific groups of waste related to the pandemic (“corona waste”) as well as packaging and food waste were noted. Despite the pandemic, in 2020, Poland recorded an increase in selective waste collection by 6.7 percentage points (pp.) Data on municipal waste management showed an increase in the mass of waste sent for recycling by 0.7 million tons, while the mass of landfilled waste decreased by 0.3 million tons. The observed positive changes in waste management allow the implementation of sustainable development assumptions to a greater extent.

The Warranty-Return System for Packaging – A New Challenge in Achieving Environmental Protection in Romania

The management of packaging and packaging waste, a component of the environmental protection strategy, determined the development of rules at the European Union level since 1975. The diversification of packaging types and the increase in the amount of waste required finding new ways to improve waste management. For this, however, it is necessary to ensure an effective selective collection of packaging waste, and not only that. This article presents the new challenges of the guarantee-return system in Romania from the perspective of the obligations imposed on economic operators in the collection, transport and recycling of packaging subject to this system.

Environmentally friendly behavior in dentistry.

Sustainability is the sensitive and responsible way of using the natural resources, its goal being to prevent their depletion and preserving the ecological balance. An essential requirement to achieve this is to practice environmentally conscious behavior. The main objective of the present study was to carry out a survey among dentists about the importance of sustainability, feasibility of an environmentally friendly dental practice and the steps in favor of it. An online survey with 6 question groups, including a total of 50 questions, was performed. The survey was available online for dentists on different platforms. In total 98 responses were recorded during September - November 2020. Out of the responding dentists, 74.49% liked the idea of an environmentally friendly dental practice and 98.97% would take some steps toward environmental awareness in their practice. A statistically significant (p<0.05) difference between those who prefer an environmentally conscious practice and those who had not yet thought about it was only in the questions related to environmentally conscious lifestyle in their household, the use of environmentally friendly cleaning products, the creation of a 'green wall' and selective waste collection in their practice. Most of the respondents were open to the idea of forming an environmentally conscious dental practice and they would act to achieve it. In order to reach this, it is necessary to provide dentists with feasible solutions for better practice. Some of the guidance issues, which would be easy to implement, are listed at the end of the present study. We intend to provide a guidance regarding sustainable dental practice.

Dynamic Multi-Compartment Vehicle Routing Problem for Smart Waste Collection

The rapid increase in urbanization results in an increase in the volume of municipal solid waste produced every day, causing overflow of the garbage cans and thus distorting the city’s appearance; for this and environmental reasons, smart cities involve the use of modern technologies for intelligent and efficient waste management. Smart bins in urban environments contain sensors that measure the status of containers in real-time and trigger wireless alarms if the container reaches a predetermined threshold, and then communicate the information to the operations center, which then sends vehicles to collect the waste from the selected stations in order to collect a significant waste amount and reduce transportation costs. In this article, we will address the issue of the Dynamic Multi-Compartmental Vehicle Routing Problem (DM-CVRP) for selective and intelligent waste collection. This problem is summarized as a linear mathematical programming model to define optimal dynamic routes to minimize the total cost, which are the transportation costs and the penalty costs caused by exceeding the bin capacity. The hybridized genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to solve this problem, and the effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified by extensive numerical experiments on instances given by Valorsul, with some modifications to adapt these data to our problem. Then we were able to ensure the effectiveness of our approach based on the results in the static and dynamic cases, which are very encouraging.