Selection Of Athletes Research Articles

Evaluasi Prestasi Atlet Wushu Koni Kota Medan Tahun 2014

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of Wushu athlete's performance KONI Medan through match-Week Sports Medan and the results of physical tests in 2014. The study was conducted at the Yayasan Kusuma Wushu Indonesia and Faculty of Sport Sciences, State University of Medan. The total population of 13 athletes Wushu, Sampling using purposive sampling technique which has been determined by KONI Medan condition in order to obtain 13 athletes who are the target of Wushu Athletes selection results KONI Medan City Sports Week 2013. This study used a descriptive analysis to analyze research data obtained. The results of this study are: 1) Wushu Athletes KONI Medan has a total test results overall with an average of less well categorized .

Flags, formulas and frustrations: North-South Korean Olympic ‘cooperation’

AbstractFrom the early 1960s onwards the two Koreas have held intermittent discussions about forming joint teams for the Olympic Games, as well as associated regional games such as the Asian Games. But the results were minimal and only in 2000–2006 did joint entry into opening ceremonies – though not joint or combined teams – occur. This troubled history is analysed through two dimensions: the technical issues under discussion, such as flags, anthems, athletic selection and training, and the dynamics of inter-Korean political competition. Through examining these elements, it is argued that political considerations on one side or the other frequently trumped sporting aspirations. Although new leaders have come to power both in North and in South Korea, the September 2014 Incheon Asian Games saw some of these issues re-played. In the light of the current state of North-South political relations, the prospects for the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics are likely to be more of the same.

Obstacles Influencing the Educational-Training Environment of the Junior Weightlifters According to Elite Coaches' Perceptions (Evaluative Study with Strategic Approach)

Evaluating the status quo and identifying the obstacles are considered the first steps of the strategic planning. Consequently, we can propose solutions and develop appropriate plans. Thirty one elite weightlifting coaches were chosen to take their perceptions on the most important obstacles facing the Educational-Training Environment (ETE) of the junior weightlifters. A questionnaire was developed until it reached 10 domains and 51 items. Tri-scale was used to express the participants’ views on the questionnaire items. The questionnaire internal consistency was estimated using Cronbach's Alpha coefficient (α = 0.916) and value of reliability using the Spearman-Brown coefficient (r = 0. 873 significant at the 0.01 level, 2-tailed = 0.000). Thirty five out of 50 questionnaires were returned to the researchers in February 2014. Four invalid were excluded, therefore the study was limited to 31 questionnaires. Data was processed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Percentage and Chi-Square were used to identify the response direction. Priority of obstacles within each domain of the ten domains was arranged according to the relative weight. The ten domains were arranged according to the average of each domain relative weights. Results indicated the strongest obstacles were associated with funding sources and budget (average of RWs = 0.4236). Obstacles associated with community culture, school, social-economic situation, media and security came in the second place (average of RWs = 0.45372). Obstacles related to learning-training programs and activities came third (average of RWs = 0.4659) and those related to the facilities in the fourth one (average of RWs = 0.4713). Starting to make a future strategy of educational-training environment for weightlifting juniors in the light of study results is an urgent requirement. Without a proper planning, perfect selection of athletes and an ideal application the desired goals will not be achieved. Keywords: Obstacles, educational-training environment, weightlifting.

Development and Validation of a Portable Human Body Joint Power Test System

A portable human body joint power test system was developed using inertial sensor technology and wireless Bluetooth acquisition technology. A detailed description of the internal structure of the system and the data processing method involved is provided. The test system uses the cubic spline interpolation method, which is very convenient for obtaining the maximum peak points of muscle isotonic contraction joint power curves under different loads. Moreover, the system is portable and can be deployed in the classroom and the playground for education and testing. The test system is very useful in many respects, such as athlete selection and daily strength training. We established a model of our subject using a balanced proportion scaling method in the inverse dynamics software AnyBody modeling system. The muscle model uses the Hill muscle model. The data import interface program was written in the parameterized model definition language AnyScript to import data. The raw data was smoothed with a Butterworth low-pass filter. Dumbbell curl simulation was conducted in AnyBody. The results of the simulation and those of the real test system were tested using the paired samples t-test method; the value of Sig was determined to be greater than 0.05, indicating no significant difference and that the data of the test system are valid.

Efeito da idade relativa na antropometria, maturação biológica e desempenho em jovens futebolistas

The study examined the presence of the relative age effect (RAE) and association between birth quartile and anthropometry, biological maturation and physical and technical performance of young Brazilian soccer players. The sample included 119 male players, 74 of U-15 category and 45 of U-17 category, which were divided into quartiles according to the birth year. Biological maturation was assessed using the method of skeletal age of Fels. Anthropometric measurements included body weight, stature and subcutaneous adiposity. Physical fitness assessment included strength tests in the lower limbs, speed, aerobic endurance and anaerobic power. Technical skills included ball control, dribbling and kicking accuracy. Overall, 65.5% of soccer players were born on the first half of the year (c2= 8.069, p = 0.04); however, in the analysis by category, there was no significant difference in the distribution of birth dates for quartile when compared with the reference population (U-15: c2=6.322, p=0.10; U-17: c2=2.339, p=0.50). MANCOVA revealed no significant differences between anthropometry, biological maturation and physical and technical performance in both competitive categories. These results suggest that there is a higher proportion of young Brazilian soccer born on the first months of the year, but that RAE does not necessarily constitute an advantage under the anthropometric, physical and technical standpoint. The process of biological maturation of individuals should be considered by coaches in the selection of athletes.

Selection of athletes and orientation of their preparation in the course of long-term perfection as a scientific problem

The article presents the basic provisions, the components of a system of knowledge about long-term training, selection and sports orientation as a whole, based on the need for a long period of preparation for the achievement of high sports results and require special attention to athletes who are within the system of children and youth and reserve sport, elite sport; accounting regularities of sports selection and orientation directions of the training process to improve its effectiveness in the interest of training and physical education in preschool and school education; providing optimal ratio of the number of athletes at different stages of long-term improvement that involves continual selection of promising children; creating organizational conditions for effective individual development identified sporting for gifted children and the effective realization of the possibilities of competitive sports activities designed to achieve the maximum. The technology of multi-stage selection of athletes and their orientation training is versatile, can be used at the stages of long-term training for different groups of sports, which is based on informative criteria, a range of tests to assess the ability of athletes, program selection, including priority indicators for sport, scale, direction, orientation training process taking into account the specific conditions of sports, age characteristics and skills of athletes.

Autonomy and Good Governance in Sports Associations in light of the CAS Case Law

This paper presents the concepts of autonomy and good governance of sports associations as they have been discussed in cases brought before by the Court of Arbitration for Sport. It mostly tackles questions related to elections, to the adoption of new rules and policies, to expulsion/admission of member federations and to the selection of athletes for the Olympic Games.

Construction of a full-length cDNA library and preliminary analysis of expressed sequence tags from lymphocytes of half-pipe snowboarding athletes.

The genes of top athletes are a valuable genetic resource for the human race, and could be exploited to identify novel genes related to sports ability, as well as other functions. We analyzed the expressed sequence tags from top half-pipe snowboarding athletes using the SMART complementary DNA (cDNA) library construction method to elucidate the characteristics of the athlete genome and the differential expression of the genes it contains. Overall, we established a full-length cDNA library from the lymphocytes of half-pipe snowboarding athletes and analyzed the inserted gene fragments. We also classified those genes according to molecular function, biological characteristics, cellular composition, protein types, and signal paths. A total of 201 functional genes were noted, which were distributed in 27 pathways. TXN, MDH1, ARL1, ARPC3, ACTG1, and other genes measured in sequence may be associated with physical ability. This suggests that the SMART cDNA library constructed from the genetic material from top athletes is an effective tool for preserving genetic sports resources and providing genetic markers of physical ability for athlete selection.

The system of world golf ranking among amateur players - WAGR

Purpose: justify the particular rating-WAGR and determine its value. Material: More than 40 references, including analysis of 8 protocols of Ukraine competition in golf. Results: The features and significance of the world rankings in golf among amateur players. Displaying ranking tournaments in accordance with the system of WAGR and justified the use of the conversion of the results to determine the specific places the player in the rankings. In Ukraine, held six WAGR-Tournament, the first tournament was held in 2011. Today in the world ranking of amateur players is one player from the Ukraine. Conclusions: It was found that the top-WAGR determines the level of development of the national golf federations and influence in the international arena. For the selection of athletes for the summer Youth Olympic Games is used world-rated golf amateur players (WAGR) among boys and girls.

Sports Talent Identification and Selection in Korea

The purpose of this study is to review how Korea Institute of Sport Science (KISS) had carried out sports talent identification and selection for enhancing athletic performance over the last three decades. In the 1980s, KISS had to prepare for the 1986 Asian Games and the 1988 Olympic Games. So, KISS developed test items for sports talent identification for various sports and had identified 4,359 sports talents over 30 sport events. Moreover, KISS developed the standards for elite athlete and had selected talented athletes using them. In the 1990s after the two big sports events, KISS established Talented Athlete Selection Center and constructed the foundation of elite athlete recruitment system. In the 2000s, Korea had suffered a lot of difficulties in recruiting new athletes because of government``s birth control policy effect and economic affluence. So, KISS developed an innovative sports talent identification program and had searched about 500 talented children every year. And KISS developed a new talented athlete selection program and had selected 1,682 talented athletes during 2000s. These new sports talent identification and selection programs are flourishing until now and would be the best sources of national team members in the future.

Age at Peak Performance of Successful Track & Field Athletes

Knowledge of age at peak performance in competitive sport could inform decisions about selection and preparation of athletes for specific events. The purpose of the study was to estimate age at peak performance of elite track-and-field athletes. 168,576 performance times and distances by 2017 athletes in 19 men's and 19 women's track-and-field events from 1979 to 2009 were downloaded from tilastopaja.org . Each athlete had finished in the top 16 (track events and combined events) or top 12 (field events) of their event at an Olympic Games or a World Athletics Championships between 2000 and 2009. After adjustment for year of competition, and venue-related factors such as altitude, wind-speed, indoor or outdoor and level of competition, a mixed linear model provided quadratic age-related performance trajectories to estimate each athlete's age at peak performance and age window for negligible contiguous improvement and decline. Age at peak performance for men ranged from 23.9 ± 2.4 y (10000 m; mean ±SD) to 28.5 ± 2.2 y (discus throw) and for women from 24.7 ± 2.5 y (pole vault) to 28.1 ± 3.9 y (discus throw). There were clear differences in mean age at peak performance between male and female throwers (mean;±CL) (28.0;±0.4 vs. 26.7;±0.6 y), between male and female runners (25.1;±0.3 vs. 26.2;±0.4 y), and between throwers and runners or jumpers (27.3;±0.5 vs. 25.6;±0.3 or 25.7;±0.3 y). In conclusion, the current generation of track-and-field athletes should prepare for an age window of ~2.5 y each side of a peaking age of ~23-28 y depending on event. Differences and trends in participation, ethnic representation, professionalization and specialization could account for differences between events and for apparent changes from age at peak performance of previous generations.

Physiotherapy for the sporting dog

Canine Sports medicine is a fast-growing sub speciality of the veterinary profession and there are increased opportunities for veterinary physiotherapists to share their skills. This article considers how principles of athletic selection, preparation and conditioning are applied to dogs, and gives a brief overview of physiotherapy principles in the management of a common soft tissue injury: hamstring strain.

Conventional and genetic talent identification in sports: will recent developments trace talent?

The purpose of talent identification (TI) is the earliest possible selection of auspicious athletes with the goal of systematically maximizing their potential. The literature proposes excellent reviews on various facets of talent research on different scientific issues such as sports sciences or genetics. However, the approaches of conventional and genetic testing have only been discussed separately by and for the respective groups of interest. In this article, we combine the discoveries of these disciplines into a single review to provide a comprehensive overview and elucidate the prevailing limitations. Fundamental problems in TI reside in the difficulties of defining the construct ‘talent’ or groups of different performance levels that represent the target variable of testing. Conventional and genetic testing reveal a number of methodological and technical limitations, and parallels are summarised in terms of the test designs, the point in time of testing, psychological skills or traits and unknown interactions between different variables. In conclusion, many deficiencies in the current talent research have gained attention. Alternative solutions include the talent development approach, while genetic testing is re-emphasised as a tool for risk stratification in sport participation. Future research needs to clearly define the group of interest and comprehensively implement all methodological improvement suggestions.

Assessment of Visual Information Processing Ability in Elite Racket Sport Players

The present study aimed to investigate the abilities of visual information processing in racket sport players, and to compare the differences with their peers. Fifty-four male college-aged athletes were recruited and divided into two racket sport groups, including table tennis (TT, n = 22) and badminton (BT, n = 32) groups. Additionally, 22 healthy college students without regular physical activities were randomly selected and served as control subjects. The covert orienting of visuo-spatial attention tasks was used to evaluate the abilities of visual information processing. The data including the reaction time (RT) and response error rate (RER) were recorded and analyzed. Results showed that the athletes in TT and BT groups performed significantly better than the control subjects in the reaction time. In addition, RT of upper limbs, lower limbs, dominant side and non-dominant side was significantly different between the groups, and RT of upper limbs was quicker than that of lower limbs in both groups. Except control group, the RT of dominant side was quicker than that of non-dominant side. In conclusion, elite racket sport players had quicker RT than their peers, but those players seemed not to perform better in RER. It is recommended to recruit more athletes participating in different sports to acquire further information on sport-specific characteristics of visual information processing. Furthermore, it is undisputable for the selection of efficient talent athletes to establish the database of visual information processing abilities in different kinds of sports.

Efeito da idade relativa no Futebol: o estudo de caso do São Paulo Futebol Clube

The aim of this study was to compare the birth-date distribution of youth athletes of a high-level Brazilian soccer club with the general population of the same age group. In a cross-sectional study, the birth date of 341 youth athletes (under 10-20) was compared with a reference population (live births that occurred in Sao Paulo state in the same age group; n = 5,480,868). The subjects were divided into quarters of birth: 1st = January-March; 2nd = April-June; 3rd = July-September; 4th = October-December. The chi-square test (χ2) was used to compare the expected (reference population) and observed (athletes) distributions. It was detected a significant difference between the expected distribution and observed distribution (χ2= 29.53; p<0.0001), with a higher percentage of athletes born in the 1st quarter (47.5%) and a lower percentage in the 4th quarter (8.8%). The present results confirm the occurrence of the relative age effect (RAE) during the player selection process in a top-level Brazilian soccer club. The occurrence of this phenomenon during the selection and development of young athletes needs to be taken into account and should be analyzed carefully in order to minimize the loss of potential youth soccer talent. Further studies are required to identify the determinants of RAE and to establish preventive strategies that ensure a more efficient selection process of young soccer players.

Genomics DNA profiling in elite professional soccer players: a pilot study.

Functional variants in exonic regions have been associated with development of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer. Athletic performance can be considered a multi-factorial complex phenotype. Genomic DNA was extracted from buccal swabs of seven soccer players from the Fulham football team. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) genotyping was undertaken. To achieve optimal athletic performance, predictive genomics DNA profiling for sports performance can be used to aid in sport selection and elaboration of personalized training and nutrition programs. Predictive DNA profiling may be able to detect athletes with potential or frank injuries, or screening and selection of future athletes, and can help them to maximize utilization of their potential and improve performance in sports. The aim of this study is to provide a wide scenario of specific genomic variants that an athlete carries, to implement which measures should be taken to maximize the athlete's potential.

Study Regarding the Motivation of the Aerobic Gymnastics Team Members of the “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau

The aim of this research is to determine, through a socio-psychological approach, the elements that influence the athlete's motivation, by discovering the best sources acting on the individual engaged in athletic activity. The study was conducted between January and March 2012, on a group of 15 female gymnasts aged 21-23, members of the aerobic gymnastics team of the “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau. The results of the research contributed to identifying the useful characteristics for the female gymnasts in the practice of aerobics, and for the selection of the right athletes for the university's representative team.

Moving elite athletes forward: examining the status of secondary school elite athlete programmes and available post-school options

Purpose: The purpose of this study focused specifically on examining the status of and the promotion of two elite athlete programmes (EAPs), the students/elite athlete selection process and available post-school options. The research was guided by Michel Foucault's work in understanding the relationship between power and knowledge.Participants, setting and research design: Two EAPs, a state school with a sport academy option (School A) and a private correspondence school designed specifically for elite athletes (School B), were purposefully selected for the study. Twenty key informant elite athletes and five teachers/coaches became central to the ongoing qualitative data collection for this study.Data collection: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants and teachers/coaches. During the class visits, field notes were recorded using a digital recorder focusing upon key informants' reactions to the course content, their learning experiences and the social interactions between key informants and teachers/coaches. Documents were also collected to contextualise the two EAPs.Data analysis: First, I analysed the data following the method of constant comparison using NVivo, a software package that assists researchers in the analysis of qualitative data. This involved coding the data to identify key themes. After the data were clustered into key themes, I examined the discourses within the themes that positioned both teachers/coaches and elite athletes in particular power relationships using Foucauldian theory.Findings: The findings revealed that elitism within the ranks of the EAP created tension and jealousy amongst the elite athletes as some were more highly prized than others. Furthermore, the elite athletes and sponsors promoted the EAPs and in turn the EAPs and sponsors promoted the achievements and successes of the elite athletes as their skills and knowledge were highly valued in comparison to other students within the school. The EAPs also offered limited post-school options of obtaining an athletic scholarship to study at a university and/or to become a professional athlete.Conclusions: Foucault's theoretical framework of govermentality helped map how the EAPs were talked about within discourses of power, and assisted in understanding how acceptance and resistance by participants normalised practices of social exclusion. The data highlighted the need for EAPs to provide more information about possible post-school options and to develop a critical orientation to the labour market, recognising the relationships between elite sports, knowledge, skills, credentials and post-school options.

Automatic Schizophrenia Prediction Using Palm-Print Line Features

Palm-print has a wide range of applications in personal identification, disease diagnosis, and athletes selection. This paper focuses on automatic schizophrenia prediction based on the anomalies in the handprints of patients with schizophrenia. The application is an image processing system, which works on the basis of the relationship between palm print pattern and schizophrenia. The images of human palm form input to the system. Then, system applies digital image processing and analysis techniques on input images to identify certain features in the image. Based on the certain features captured, it is possible to identify a high-risk group for schizophrenia. Present scientific techniques have no way of stopping critical illness from occurring and the increase in death rate will continue. Early diagnosis and early treatment are essential on in dealing with those illnesses. If more relationship between palm print pattern and disease can be ascertained, the proposed system can be very useful to human being to get indication of disease in advance.

Automatic Schizophrenia Prediction Using Palm-Print Line Features

Palm-print has a wide range of applications in personal identification, disease diagnosis, and athletes selection. This paper focuses on automatic schizophrenia prediction based on the anomalies in the handprints of patients with schizophrenia. The application is an image processing system, which works on the basis of the relationship between palm print pattern and schizophrenia. The images of human palm form input to the system. Then, system applies digital image processing and analysis techniques on input images to identify certain features in the image. Based on the certain features captured, it is possible to identify a high-risk group for schizophrenia. Present scientific techniques have no way of stopping critical illness from occurring and the increase in death rate will continue. Early diagnosis and early treatment are essential on in dealing with those illnesses. If more relationship between palm print pattern and disease can be ascertained, the proposed system can be very useful to human being to get indication of disease in advance.