Selection Command Research Articles

Comparison of Response Time Database RDBMS with NoSQL on Electronic Medical Records (EMR)

The electronic medical record is a system for storing and managing patient medical data in electronic form. EMR replaces traditional medical record systems that still use paper, allowing doctors and other medical personnel to access patient medical records more quickly and easily from anywhere, as long as they are connected to the same network. In the EMR, patient medical data is stored in electronic format, such as text, images, and test results. EMR allows doctors to create patient medical records, make drug prescriptions, place laboratory orders and radiology orders, and access other patient medical data in one centralized system. EMR can also enable doctors to perform data analysis to gain insight into a patient's health condition and improve the treatment provided. In this study, the ERM database is used, with one database using PostgreSQL and the other using NoSQL. The purpose of this research is to test the speed performance of PostgreSQL and NoSQL with insert, select, and delete commands. Testing Method Using 1,000 records, 5,000 records, and 10,000 records, with each record being tested three times, and then taking the average, The results of this study are that the NoSQL database insert command has a speed of 3,900 times faster than the PostgreSQL database with 1,000 data records, whereas with 5,000 data records the NoSQL database is 471 times faster, while with 10,000 data records the NoSQL database is 355 times faster, and the select command for 1 NoSQL database table is 8 times faster than the PostgreSQL database, while for the above 1 PostgreSQL database table is faster.

CLASSIFICATION COMPLEX QUERY SQL FOR DATA LAKE MANAGEMENT USING MACHINE LEARNING

A query is a request for data or information from a database table or a combination of tables. It allows for a more accurate database search. SQL queries are divided into two types, namely, simple queries and complex queries. Complex SQL is the use of SQL queries that go beyond standard SQL by using the SELECT and WHERE commands. Complex SQL queries often involve the use of complex joins and subqueries, where the queries are nested in a WHERE clause. Complex SQL queries can be grouped into two types of queries, namely, Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) and Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) queries. In the implementation of complex SQL queries in the NoSQL database, a classification process is needed due to the varying data formats, namely, structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data. The classification process aims to make it easier for the query data to be organized by type of query. The classification method used in this research is the Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) which is generally often used in text data, and the Support Vector Machine (SVM), which is known to work very well on data with large dimensions. The two methods will be compared to determine the best classification result. The results showed that SVM was 84.61% accurate in terms of classification, and comparatively, NBC was at 76.92%.

Comparison of NoSQL Database Performance with SQL Server Database on Online Airplane Ticket Booking

<em>Flight ticket booking services have become more advanced, where bookings can be made through the android / iOS application and through a web browser, ticket reservations, no longer have to come to travel agents or come to the airport to book plane tickets. In this study using an online ticket booking database where one database uses the NoSQL database and another database uses SQL Server. The purpose of this research is to test the performance of NoSQL speed with SQL Server with the Insert, Delete and Select commands. The testing method uses 100 records, 500 records, 1000 records, and 5000 records, with each record being tested four times and then taken on average. The results of this study are that the NoSQL database Insert command has a speed 4 times faster than the SQL Server database for under 500 records, whereas above 500 NoSQL database records 5 times slower, the Delete NoSQL database command has a speed 3 times faster than the SQL database Server, and the command Select 1 NoSQL database table 55 times faster than SQL Server databases, while 2 NoSQL database tables are 18 times slower than SQL Server databases, while 3 NoSQL database tables are 10 times slower than SQL Server databases, whereas 4 database tables NoSQL is 16 times slower than SQL Server databases.</em>

CSEFuzz: Fuzz Testing Based on Symbolic Execution

Fuzz testing has been successful in finding defects of various software packages. These defects include file parsing, image processing, Internet browsers, and network protocols. However, the quality of the initial seed test cases greatly influences the coverage and defect detection capability of fuzz testing. To address this issue, we propose CSEFuzz, a fuzz testing approach based on symbolic execution for defect detection. First, CSEFuzz generates candidate test cases by symbolic execution and collects coverage information of the test cases. Then, CSEFuzz extracts the test-case templates of the test cases and selects a set of test-case templates according to specific coverage criteria. Finally, CSEFuzz selects test cases according to the selected test-case templates, and the selected test cases are used as initial seed test cases for fuzz testing. Experiments are conducted on 11 open-source programs. The results show that in comparison with afl-cmin, which is the test-case selection command of Kelinci, CSEFuzz with a path coverage criterion reduces the time costs of the initial seed test selection and verification by 94.26%. In addition, compared with afl-cmin, 32 more paths are covered and 16 more defects are detected by CSEFuzz.

Virtual keyboard based on a brain-computer interface

This paper proposes a novel LabVIEW based algorithm regarding the implementation of an eye-blinks strength controlled virtual keyboard aimed to help people with neuromotor disabilities. The application can be considered a brain-computer interface which is useful for the assistance of patients suffering from Locked-In syndrome or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A precise, repeatable and easily detectable control signal could be the eye-blink strength. The LabVIEW based virtual keyboard provides the following features: detection and counting the voluntary eye-blinks, switch command, select command, highlight action running in parallel with the previously mentioned processes, enabling cancel, delete and space commands. The working principle underlying the implementation of the proposed virtual keyboard is Divide and Conquer paradigm. Thus, it is possible the switching task across the rows, half rows and keys (characters) in order to select a row, half row, respectively key associated to the character that should be introduced in the text box.

A-PANDDE: Advanced Provenance-based ANomaly Detection of Data Exfiltration

Insider threats are a serious problem that could be more damaging than outsiders’ attacks. The reason is that insiders are users who have legitimate access to the data. A database management system (DBMS) access control mechanism is unable to prevent misuse of the data to which the user is authorized to access. Many mechanisms were proposed to detect insiders’ attempts to misuse or steal data at the database level and application level. However, these mechanisms are unable to detect users’ attempts to exfiltrate the data if they store the data into files on their machines. Hence, we need a mechanism that is able to detect suspicious activities resulting from the insiders at the operating system level. As an initial step in this direction, we propose an anomaly detection system that monitors insiders’ actions on data outside the database. To be more precise, our system tracks file system access operations (e.g., read, write, and open to print) on data piped from the database to files. Our approach captures syntactic features of SQL queries that users submit to the DBMS to retrieve data from the database (e.g., select commands). It does that by recording the tables’ object identifiers. Also, the system collects some data features like the tables’ selectivities to profile the amount of data that is being accessed by the user. Furthermore, the system tracks frequencies of users’ actions on files that contain data from the database. The collected information is then used to build profiles of users’ activities. Such profiles are later used to indicate normal and abnormal users’ actions. Experimental results show that our technique is close to accurate, and the detection mechanism incurs low overhead.

Endogenous Sensory Discrimination and Selection by a Fast Brain Switch for a High Transfer Rate Brain-Computer Interface.

In this study, we present a novel multi-class brain-computer interface (BCI) for communication and control. In this system, the information processing is shared by the algorithm (computer) and the user (human). Specifically, an electro-tactile cycle was presented to the user, providing the choice (class) by delivering timely sensory input. The user discriminated these choices by his/her endogenous sensory ability and selected the desired choice with an intuitive motor task. This selection was detected by a fast brain switch based on real-time detection of movement-related cortical potentials from scalp EEG. We demonstrated the feasibility of such a system with a four-class BCI, yielding a true positive rate of ∼80% and ∼70%, and an information transfer rate of ∼7 bits/min and ∼5 bits/min, for the movement and imagination selection command, respectively. Furthermore, when the system was extended to eight classes, the throughput of the system was improved, demonstrating the capability of accommodating a large number of classes. Combining the endogenous sensory discrimination with the fast brain switch, the proposed system could be an effective, multi-class, gaze-independent BCI system for communication and control applications.

A Wearable, Wireless Gaze Tracker with Integrated Selection Command Source for Human‐Computer Interaction

A light-weight, wearable, wireless gaze tracker with integrated selection command source for human-computer interaction is introduced. The prototype system combines head-mounted, video-based gaze tracking with capacitive facial movement detection that enable multimodal interaction by gaze pointing and making selections with facial gestures. The system is targeted mainly to disabled people with limited mobility over their hands. The hardware was made wireless to remove the need to take off the device when moving away from the computer, and to allow future use in more mobile contexts. The algorithms responsible for determining the eye and head orientations to map gaze direction to on-screen coordinates are presented together with the one to detect movements from the measured capacitance signal. Point-and-click experiments were conducted to assess the performance of the multimodal system. The results show decent performance in laboratory and office conditions. The overall point-and-click accuracy in the multimodal experiments is comparable to the errors in previous research on head-mounted, single modality gaze tracking that does not compensate for changes in head orientation.

MDAnalysis: A toolkit for the analysis of molecular dynamics simulations

MDAnalysis is an object-oriented library for structural and temporal analysis of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation trajectories and individual protein structures. It is written in the Python language with some performance-critical code in C. It uses the powerful NumPy package to expose trajectory data as fast and efficient NumPy arrays. It has been tested on systems of millions of particles. Many common file formats of simulation packages including CHARMM, Gromacs, Amber, and NAMD and the Protein Data Bank format can be read and written. Atoms can be selected with a syntax similar to CHARMM's powerful selection commands. MDAnalysis enables both novice and experienced programmers to rapidly write their own analytical tools and access data stored in trajectories in an easily accessible manner that facilitates interactive explorative analysis. MDAnalysis has been tested on and works for most Unix-based platforms such as Linux and Mac OS X. It is freely available under the GNU General Public License from http://mdanalysis.googlecode.com.

Combining Eye Gaze Input With a Brain–Computer Interface for Touchless Human–Computer Interaction

A Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) provides a new communication channel for severely disabled people who have completely or partially lost control over muscular activity. It is questionable whether a BCI is the best choice for controlling a device if partial muscular activity still is available. For example, gaze-based interfaces can be utilized for people who are still able to control their eye movements. Such interfaces suffer from the lack of a natural degree of freedom for the selection command (e.g., a mouse click). One workaround for this problem is based on so-called dwell times, which easily leads to errors if the users do not pay close attention to where they are looking. We developed a multimodal interface combining eye movements and a BCI to a hybrid BCI, resulting in a robust and intuitive device for touchless interaction. This system especially is capable of dealing with different stimulus complexities.

Electrothermal Chemical (ETC) Armament System Integration Into a Combat Vehicle

On August 18, 2004, BAE Systems achieved an industry first when we successfully fired a 120-mm electrothermal chemical (ETC) gun from a hybrid electric drive combat vehicle. This achievement, using a fully integrated 100-kJ pulsed power supply, was accomplished through a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with the U.S. Army's Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC). ARDEC is the U.S. Army's center of excellence for armament systems development. The comprehensive series of tests demonstrated that pulsed power can be safely integrated into a combat vehicle. Both ETC and conventional rounds were fired in the same salvo via a round selection command issued through the vehicle's fire control system. An autoloader was employed to load the rounds and to eject the stub cases from the vehicle. The fully automatic breech power connection was designed so the electrical energy delivered from the pulsed power system reached only the propellant and no part of the cannon or vehicle

Communication via eye blinks and eyebrow raises: video-based human-computer interfaces

Two video-based human-computer interaction tools are introduced that can activate a binary switch and issue a selection command. "BlinkLink," as the first tool is called, automatically detects a user's eye blinks and accurately measures their durations. The system is intended to provide an alternate input modality to allow people with severe disabilities to access a computer. Voluntary long blinks trigger mouse clicks, while involuntary short blinks are ignored. The system enables communication using "blink patterns:" sequences of long and short blinks which are interpreted as semiotic messages. The second tool, "EyebrowClicker," automatically detects when a user raises his or her eyebrows and then triggers a mouse click. Both systems can initialize themselves, track the eyes at frame rate, and recover in the event of errors. No special lighting is required. The systems have been tested with interactive games and a spelling program. Results demonstrate overall detection accuracy of 95.6% for BlinkLink and 89.0% for EyebrowClicker.

Citation analysis using online databases: Feasibilities and shortcomings

Extensive citation analysis with the Science Citation Index (SCI) has become possible through expanded search capabilities introduced by STN International a few years ago. STN enhanced its retrieval language with some important features, originally developed for statistical analysis of patents. Most important are an expanded select command and several functions to list the search results. The publications to be evaluated may be selected either in the SCI, or in a number of other bibliographic databases offered by the host. With the help of these features, the basic methods to appropriately measure the impact of scientific activities are demonstrated. Furthermore, possible shortcomings as well as the risks when interpreting the results of such studies are discussed.

EDI controls design support system using relational database system

The purpose of this paper is to introduce EDIRDB (EDI controls design support system using a relational database system), a prototype audit support system based on a relational database designed to act as a decision aid for EDI auditors. This paper describes how EDIRDB operates; explicates the manner in which a relational database is utilized to support the design of EDI controls; suggests relevant risks resulting from the absence of some controls; and suggests test results. The system recommends effective controls and shows relevant risks in a specific organizational context, suggesting test procedures for that particular company. The EDIRDB database consists of nine tables: (1) four tables from the entities ENVIRONMENTS, CONTROLS, RISKS, and TESTS, and (2) five tables corresponding to the relations between each of the four entities. An E–R (Entity–Relationship) diagram along with a data flow diagram are drawn to show the system's design. Relevant controls, risks, and test procedures along with their results can be stored for each individual company. Managers can suggest required controls, relevant risks, and test procedures from results coming through cross referencing (e.g., JOIN, PROJECTION, and SELECT commands) between the nine base tables. This system improves the efficiency and effectiveness of EDI auditing and may also be applied to general IS auditing.

A graphics program for the analysis and display of molecular dynamics trajectories

The program SCARECROW has been developed to help the molecular modeler to analyze and display the very big and complex data files produced by molecular dynamics programs. The molecular graphics program SCARECROW is written to support the display, animation, and extensive analysis of molecular dynamics trajectories. Using the macro language it is easy to make scripts for video animation and for the automated display and analysis of time series. Extensive coloring and atom selection commands are included to help the user to focus on relevant regions of the molecule. Time series can be produced and viewed on the screen or transferred to other programs.

A comparison of join operations in dBase IV

This paper examines three different ways to implement the relational join operation using dBASE IV, the latest version of the popular dBASE microcomputer database management software. After reviewing E.F. Codd's definition of the join, the SET RELATION/SET SKIP, JOIN and SQL SELECT commands are compared and contrasted for their effectiveness in joining tables. It is concluded that the SQL SELECT command is the preferred way to join tables.

Concurrency control and integrity preservation for the `RIM' DBMS

The Relational Information Management System (RIM, specifically, RIM-5) is a relational DBMS [RIM82] which has a syntax that is similar to SOL/DS [AST76, DAT81], but not as powerful, i.e., nested SELECT commands are not supported. However, it and its microcomputer counterpart, MicroRIM, are still powerful DBMS's. The one area in which the RIM system falls short is in concurrency control. In order to maintain integrity, the current version locks out the entire database during update operations. This paper presents a solution to maintaining integrity in the RIM system at a much more local level.

A microprocessor-compatible high-speed 8-bit DAC

The increasing use of microprocessors in systems which receive or generate analog signals has created a need for data converters which interface to those processors. A D/A converter which includes all registers and logic required for 8-bit microprocessor interface, and can be fabricated with a standard bipolar linear process is described. The system interface timing is specified such that the converter appears as a memory location to the microprocessor. It can be programmed to operate in a wide variety of modes and can interface with the fastest MOS and TTL microprocessors. The converter offers high-speed multiplying operation and an output current mode multiplexer. Status latches are provided to store multiplexer and code select commands. Nonsaturating multilevel logic operating nearly in the linear region provides gate delays of less than 5 ns when fabricated on the same chip with precision linear functions.

Analytical Approach to Railway Signal Block Design

Originally intended for rapid transit systems, it is also applicable to any rail system where high-speed, short-headway characteristics are required to maintain a smooth and efficient flow of passengers or goods. Analytical techniques are used to select system speed commands using a cost-benefit analysis; to determine the speed-location operating profile; to locate signal block boundaries; and to determine signal logic. Four computer programs are used to calculate station dwell times, to simulate train performance, to calculate safe braking distance, and to determine headway. These programs determine the highest feasible speeds, consistent with civil design restrictions, at which trains can travel while at design headways. The algorithm for block layout then ensures that the minimum number of blocks will be used to provide the design headways subject to all system limitations. Program inputs include car characteristics and track profile, user demand statistics, and the design headway.