Selection Of Information Sources Research Articles

ANALYSIS OF INCENTIVE FUND ALLOCATION IN IMPROVING THE WELFARE OF RELIGIOUS LEADERS

Incentives are improvements given in the form of grants, can be in the form of rewards and so on, which aim to build the efficiency of representatives or the general public from organizations or public authorities. This proposition talks about the procedures for distributing motivator assets at strict figures where these assets are obtained from the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) and examines government assistance at strict figures that are in accordance with Islam. The fundamental issue in this study is the most common way of allocating driving assets for assertive figures in the Wates sub-region, Lampung Region and whether the motivation reserves that are deployed can work on government assistance to assertive pioneers in that sub-region in context of Islamic viewpoint. The examination strategy in this exploration is subjective with an interesting examination approach. Information sources in this examination consist of essential information sources and selected information sources. The information gathering strategy in this exploration is through perception, meetings and documentation. The author directed interviews to local governments, especially the Lampung Regional Individual Government Assistance Segment and the Wates Regional Social Assistance Segment. The examination methods used are information reduction, information display, and achievement determination. The essence of this research is to find out the top-down approach in dividing motivational assets for certain numbers and to see whether the reserves of encouragement channeled to certain numbers can develop further government assistance in accordance with the Islamic point of view. From the assessment that has been carried out, it appears that the most common way of distributing tight number motivator assets is still not in accordance with the Work Strategy Standards (SOP) for delivering tight number motivator assets in Regional Regulations. The circulation of motivational assets for strict figures cannot still be said to be ideal within the framework of this portion. Apart from that, from an Islamic perspective, the presence of propulsion subsidies distributed by the government has expanded government assistance to figures.

Hello English Application to Improve the Students' Speaking Skills

The context of this study is that students' ability to speak English is quite concerning. Students' interest in speaking English is relatively low due to a lack of mastery of vocabulary, and a fear of making mistakes in pronunciation, so they rarely practice it. Students become bored learning English, so their interest in English lessons decreases. Descriptive qualitative research methodologies are used in the research. The research population consisted of MAS PAB 1 Sampali students with a total sample size of 31. The researcher chose 11 students using a purposive sampling technique, in which the sample was determined based on the selection of information sources rather than the number of participants. Methods for gathering data include observation, interviews, and documentation. Data processing involves the reduction of data, the display of data, and the drawing/verification of conclusions. The study's findings are (1) students' perceptions of using the Hello English application revealed that as many as 98% of students believed the application could help improve students' speaking skills, (2) students used Technology progress very well by using it to learn, one of which was using the Hello English application, (3) the Hello English application was very efficient for teachers in helping teach speaking English in class. Based on research findings, the Hello English application is very useful and effective in teaching and learning activities, owing to its easy and practical access on any device, as well as fun features for students that keep them interested in learning English in the future.

How Fact-Checkers Define and Apply “Objective Journalism”. Cases of Study of Italy and Spain

The process of fact-checking has emerged as a specialised practice within the news media industry. This research aims to examine how fact-checkers contribute to the construction of “objectivity” through their verification practices, with a specific focus on the methods and sources that they employ. In addition, it analyses how fact-checkers distinguish themselves from traditional practices of legacy media in how they define themselves. To achieve this, we looked into two cases of study involving two fact-checkers from Italy and two from Spain. We conducted a qualitative analysis of the self-presentation of each media outlet and a content analysis of the news they published over the course of a year. The findings reveal differences between the Spanish and Italian fact-checkers in terms of the topics covered and the sources used for debunking. Despite their perceived image as champions of “journalistic purity” and advocates of “truth”, we criticise this aspect, particularly with regard to their selection of information sources. We question how the fact-checkers’ image and identity directly impact journalism and the broader information ecosystem.

Graph Influence Network.

Due to the extraordinary abilities in extracting complex patterns, graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated strong performances and received increasing attention in recent years. Despite their prominent achievements, recent GNNs do not pay enough attention to discriminate nodes when determining the information sources. Some of them select information sources from all or part of neighbors without distinction, and others merely distinguish nodes according to either graph structures or node features. To solve this problem, we propose the concept of the Influence Set and design a novel general GNN framework called the graph influence network (GINN), which discriminates neighbors by evaluating their influences on targets. In GINN, both topological structures and node features of the graph are utilized to find the most influential nodes. More specifically, given a target node, we first construct its influence set from the corresponding neighbors based on the local graph structure. To this aim, the pairwise influence comparison relations are extracted from the paths and a HodgeRank-based algorithm with analytical expression is devised to estimate the neighbors' structure influences. Then, after determining the influence set, the feature influences of nodes in the set are measured by the attention mechanism, and some task-irrelevant ones are further dislodged. Finally, only neighbor nodes that have high accessibility in structure and strong task relevance in features are chosen as the information sources. Extensive experiments on several datasets demonstrate that our model achieves state-of-the-art performances over several baselines and prove the effectiveness of discriminating neighbors in graph representation learning.

Health Information Repertoires of Implant Patients: Toward a Deeper Understanding of Multiple Source Use and the Role of Health-Related Motives

ABSTRACT Health information-seeking behavior can be understood as an active and purposeful acquisition of information from selected information sources. It supports patients to cope with medical and health-related uncertainties and enables them to engage in informed decision-making. To obtain health information, patients can turn to a variety of sources, such as going to a physician, exchanging information with their family, or using different Internet sources. Research showed that patients typically use multiple sources to meet their health-related information needs. To attain a holistic and differentiated picture of patients’ actual health information behavior, the current study draws on the repertoire approach. We conducted an online survey with 1,105 implant patients and performed a cluster analysis to explore their health information repertoires. To gain a deeper understanding of the practical meaning behind the repertoires, we also considered health-related information motives and socio-structural factors, as well as the implant type (dental, orthopedic, cochlear), to characterize the repertoires. The study revealed seven different health information repertoires of implant patients, varying in their combination of multiple sources used. In addition, group comparisons showed that the repertoires differ significantly regarding socio-structural factors, such as gender, age, and education, as well as implant type. Furthermore, information motives contribute significantly to the differentiation of the repertoires. The results are of high theoretical potential for communication science as well as practical use for strategic health communication.

Strategies for information source selection: A focus group study on young people in Europe

The article presents findings from a study that examined how young people select, consult and evaluate multiple information sources to validate the information they seek. It contributes to the field of information behaviour and helps in designing better information services. Eight focus group interviews were carried out in four different locations across Europe. A total of 37 young people participated through purposive sampling. The study illustrates participants’ complex information pathways through which they consult multiple sources to reach the most trusted information source. The content analysis of the data showed that ascribed cognitive authority and affective factors such as confidentiality, privacy and empathy strongly determine the selection of an information source. The study observes the young participants’ dependency on networked and human sources for ease of access and reluctance to rely on mainstream media and textual information. The study has strong practical implications for designing information services and developing communication materials targeted at young people.

Perception and Appreciation of The Indonesian Plural Society Toward Cultural Diversity

The perception and appreciation of Indonesia's pluralistic society towards cultural diversity is inseparable from intercultural synergies based on enculturation and acculturation within the framework of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The purpose of this writing is to study and understand the importance of perceptions and appreciation of Indonesia's pluralistic society towards cultural diversity. This study uses a descriptive literature review by selection of information sources through books, journals as well as laws and regulations related to the problem. The results show that perceptions and appreciation of Indonesia's plural society can build a spirit of unity in cultural diversity

Benchmarking of Remote Services of University Libraries of Ukraine

The purpose of the study is to compare remote services of book collections that are leaders among the libraries of pedagogical, special, technical and classical institutions of higher education and to determine the institution with the largest list of remote services. The research methodology consisted of the method of analysis, synthesis, comparison, review and analysis, generalization, and benchmarking. The scientific novelty consists in identifying the leading libraries of Ukrainian universities that provide the widest range of remote services during quarantine restrictions and martial law. Conclusions. The article conducts a comparative analysis of library websites that were identified as leaders in providing remote services during quarantine restrictions and martial law. A number of remote library services were identified. As a result, the study showed that, on a parity basis, the leaders in the provision of remote services are the scientific and technical library named after G.I. Denysenko KPI named after Igor Sikorskyi and the library of Sumy State University. The library of Sumy State University carries out online user registration, provides the service of thematic selection of literature for educational and scientific works, online services for the assignment of classification indexes, electronic delivery of documents. Library employees conduct remote consultations and trainings on a wide range of issues. The library provides remote access to Scopus, Web of Science, SciVal, Springer Nature, MedOne Education databases. Users can ask questions or get advice in real time using the online consultant. Scientific and technical library named after G.I. Denysenko KPI named after Igor Sikorsky provides an opportunity to use the service of electronic delivery of documents, online determination of the UDC index, virtual help service, remote access to materials available only on the university's local network. Online events are offered, individual online consultations are actively provided, library specialists perform a selection of information sources by topic. Users can communicate with librarians of the scientific and technical library named after G.I. Denysenko through the online chat on the library's website. Keywords: remote services, service, library, website, benchmarking, martial law, quarantine, library user, remote service, Universities of Ukraine.

Areas and contexts of the use of robotics in libraries: an overview of the applied solutions and a discussion of prospects

PurposeRobotics is a topic that rarely appears in Library and Information Science literature as it is mainly explored in the field of computer science. It is also a very complex topic that covers various forms of technical solutions that have varying degrees of complexity; these are conventionally referred to as robots. The aim of this article is to present an overview of the applied solutions from the field of robotics in libraries and a discussion of the future prospects for their use in various areas of library activity.Design/methodology/approachThe article is based on a literature review. Systematic comparative searches were made in the Scopus and Web of Science databases and the popular Google Scholar search engine. Publications in English related to the use of robots in libraries were sought in the 2010–2021 period. The results were subjected to qualitative analysis in order to define the main directions of reflection.FindingsThe conducted analyses showed that the topic of the use of robots in libraries is relatively rarely mentioned in LIS literature as the main topic of considerations. In practice, however, many interesting examples of the use of robots in libraries can be found, mainly in the area of educational and popularizing activities.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is based on a systematic literature review. However, it is based on selected information sources and covers a specific chronological range, therefore it does not reflect all publications in the field of using robots in libraries. The second limitation concerns the examples of library activities mentioned in the text. For obvious reasons, it is not possible to describe all interesting initiatives, so a selection was made to illustrate the main trends.Practical implicationsRobots have a wide practical application in library activities, as evidenced by the examples described in this paper. Systematized reflection on this topic may promote the popularization of the practical implementation of robots in libraries.Social implicationsRobotics is a topic that, due to a lack of reliable knowledge, is often of great concern and social controversy. Disseminating knowledge about the usability of robots may foster a peaceful social debate on this topic.Originality/valueRobotics-related topics are still rarely discussed in the LIS subject literature. In particular, there are no entry-level review articles that would familiarize a reader with the most important findings on the practical aspects of implementing robots in libraries and provide a starting point for reading more detailed publications on specific technologies or implementations.

Hedonism as a motive for information search: biased information-seeking leads to biased beliefs

Confirmation bias in information-search contributes to the formation of polarized echo-chambers of beliefs. However, the role of valence on information source selection remains poorly understood. In Experiment 1, participants won financial rewards depending on the outcomes of a set of lotteries. They were not shown these outcomes, but instead could choose to view a prediction of each lottery outcome made by one of two sources. Before choosing their favoured source, participants were first shown a series of example predictions made by each. The sources systematically varied in the accuracy and positivity (i.e., how often they predicted a win) of their predictions. Hierarchical Bayesian modeling indicated that both source accuracy and positivity impacted participants’ choices. Importantly, those that viewed more positively-biased information believed that they had won more often and had higher confidence in those beliefs. In Experiment 2, we directly assessed the effect of positivity on the perceived credibility of a source. In each trial, participants watched a single source making a series of predictions of lottery outcomes and rated the strength of their beliefs in each source. Interestingly, positively-biased sources were not seen as more credible. Together, these findings suggest that positively-biased information is sought partly due to the desirable emotional state it induces rather than having enhanced perceived credibility. Information sought on this basis nevertheless produced consequential biased beliefs about the world-state, highlighting a potentially key role for hedonic preferences in information selection and subsequent belief formation.

Viscoelastic or Viscoplastic Glucose Theory (VGT #64): Estimated Risk Probability Percentages of Prostate Cancer and its Moving Trend Over 12+ Years From 1/1/2010 to 4/18/2022 Using Metabolism Index, Obesity, Diet and Exercise as the 4 Influential Factors for Prostate Cancer Risk % based on GH-Method: Math-Physical Medicine (No. 653)

Recently, a friend of the author died from prostate cancer and leukemia. This news caused the author to read a few published medical articles regarding prostate cancer. He then outlines some key information in the Introduction section. The selected information sources have been referenced within this section and will not be listed in the Reference section.

Viscoelastic or Viscoplastic Glucose Theory (VGT #62): A Simplified Mathematical Model to Estimate Liver Cancer Risk Probability Percentages and its Moving Trend Over 12+ Years from 1/1/2010 to 4/14/2022 using type 2 Diabetes HbA1C, Obesity, Blood Lipids, And Metabolism Index as The Liver Cancer Risk’s 4 Influential Factors Based On GH-Method: Math-Physical Medicine (No. 650)

Recently, the author read a few published medical articles regarding liver cancer and outlines some key information in the Introduction section. The selected information sources have been referenced within this section of the article and will not list again in the Reference section.

Preferensi Sumber Informasi dalam Persiapan Olimpiade Sains Nasional Pada Kalangan Siswa SMA di Kota Surabaya

The preference of information sources in preparation for the National Science Olympiad among high school students in the city of Surabaya, has the aim of explaining and knowing how the preferences or selection of information sources among high school students are to prepare themselves to confront OSN. The number of sources of information widespread among high school students will lead to a choice of information sources that can later be used as references by students to meet academic needs and for the needs of the National Science Olympiad (OSN). The ability of students to access and obtain information sources effectively can be a provision that must be mastered by students in selecting information sources. That way, students will get sources of information according to their needs in preparing for OSN. This research uses descriptive quantitative research methods and purposive sampling. The data collection method was taken from questionnaires and secondary data. This study analyzes the selection of printed and non-printed sources of information and the factors behind respondents choosing information sources. The results obtained from this research are that students tend to have multiple preferences, it can be proven by as many as 49% of respondents choosing to use both sources of information (printed and non-printed), this shows different results from previous research and uses as the theory of this research proposed by Jhon Steppen B. Arenas, et al. .al. (2018) The factors behind the choice of information sources available by students are due to the availability of collections in locations where students make choices, and also the convenience provided when selecting information sources, both printed and non-printed sources of information to prepare for the National Science Olympiad ( OSN). The selection of information sources is also inseparable from the important role of the library, as a location to find sources of information that can support OSN preparation.

Surveying citizens on food safety

Surveying citizens on food safety

Modern breast cancer therapy: from tamoxifen to T-cell engineering

The purpose of the study was to conduct a systematic literature review of high-technology methods in breast cancer treatment. Material and methods. To select information sources, a global search was used using the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and RSCI databases. The search included the analysis of metadata by keywords, and relevant publications were used for full-text search. The review used 55 publications from 2001 to 2021. Most of the articles were published over the past 7 years. Results. Modern literature data presented in this review prove that long-term studies based on histological and immunological features of tumor development are very important for improving survival in breast cancer. Clinical treatment protocols that were based primarily on the anatomical characteristics of the disease are now switching to the biological mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis. Drugs targeting estrogen receptors play an important role in systemic therapy and make it possible to correct the mechanisms responsible for endocrine resistance. Targeted therapy targeting the HER2 receptor, especially in an antibody-drug conjugate combination, has associated cytotoxic therapy with anti-HER2 antibodies. Modern methods of biological therapy and cell engineering make it possible to develop methods for treating triple-negative breast cancer based on the regulation of the microenvironment, mechanisms of repair, immunosuppression, and the creation of a target from a larger repertoire of both surface and intracellular antigens. Conclusion. Promising strategies based on the use of signaling and metabolic pathways, cell surface molecules, and cell engineering increase the effectiveness of treatment and improve the progression-free and overall survival in breast cancer patients.

Unfolding social learning parameters behind the selection of information sources against cyclones: A perspective of information seeking behavior research

The impact of social learning on disaster management has been widely studied. However, few studies have investigated the key attributes of social learning that impact the selection of preferred information sources about coastal cyclones. A mixed-methods approach was adopted to collect data by conducting 35 in-person interviews and a survey of 323 participants of Sundarban, a coastal region of West Bengal, India. Descriptive statistics helped to identify preferred information sources, whereas, structural equation modelling revealed four social learning attributes, namely Quality, Scale, Attachment with Place and Learning Process, having an impact on participants' information source preferences during a disaster. In-depth analysis of interview data suggested four indicators, i.e., Credibility, Availability, Accuracy and Frequency, that an individual considered when prioritizing within selected sources. The findings offer guidelines to officials for using the most useful sources and information dissemination approaches to inform vulnerable populations in the event of a disaster.

Fertilizer Use, Value, and Knowledge Capital: A Case of Indian Farming

Using the recently released microdata covering input use in Indian agriculture, this study analyzes the relation between value and fertilizer consumption along with four layers of explanation. These layers include factors of production, knowledge capital, social identity, and human capital for both agricultural seasons. Subsequently, the study also examines the propensity to use diverse channels of information. This study uses both regression and machine learning methods for analysis. The main finding of the study is that fertilizer use is directly associated with the value of production. However, the propensity to use fertilizer is the highest for the lowest quantile. Moreover, fertilizer use is a positive covariant of select information sources. Further, similar to tangible resources, the study observes that information plays a crucial role in fertilizer use. Information channels such as extension services have a pivotal role in promoting sustainable farming, especially among marginal farms.

Information service of users of libraries of technical institutions of higher education of Ukraine under quarantine conditions: comparative analysis

The purposes of the article are to define and compare the services that the libraries of technical universities of Ukraine have begun to provide in connection with the introduction of quarantine measures and martial law. The methodology of thw article consists in the application of general scientific research methods: analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparative analysis. The scientific novelty. The article examines current issues of library and information service for users, and conducts a comparative analysis of remote services, provided by nine libraries of technical institutions of higher education of Ukraine during quarantine and martial law.. Conclusions. The scientific and technical library named after G.I. Denisenko KPI named after Igor Sikorsky, because the library provides the widest list of remote services. It was determined that students and employees of the university are given the opportunity to use the service of electronic delivery of documents from the Springer Nature and ScienceDirect collections. It is possible to order through the online form the definition of the UDC index for an article, bachelor's, master's thesises, dissertation abstract. The library actively provides individual online consultations on a wide range of issues. The library provides students and employees of KPI named after Igor Sikorskyi, remote access to materials available only on the local network of the university. For scientists, online educational activities are offered to master and improve skills in using tools for conducting research activities. The virtual service «Online help» is functioning. Library specialists do a selection of information sources by topic. During the quarantine, users can receive information about news and contact the librarians of the scientific and technical library named after G.I. Denisenko through the online chat on the library's website. In addition, the library maintains its own Telegram channel. Keywords: library, website, remote services, quarantine, martial law.

The identity politics in Indonesian football during the colonial period

This research objective is to examine social stratification in the football sector in Indonesia during the colonial period. Social stratification is the beginning of the occurrence of discriminatory treatment differences. This research applies a qualitative research method with a literature study approach. The data sources in this research are obtained from journal articles, books, and mass media relevant to social stratification in the football sector during the colonial period. The selection of information sources used internal and external criticism to sort out the information collected through document study techniques. The data collected is then processed using interactive data analysis techniques to obtain answers to research problems. The research results show that social stratification took place individually and communally. Local football players are in the lowest position, as are football clubs and football federations formed by local communities. The system established by the colonial government placed European and Chinese football players into a higher layer than local players. This distinction triggered discriminatory treatment against local players to reduce the opportunity for football players and clubs to access the field and competitions organized by the federation formed by the Dutch colonial government. This condition, on the one hand, shows the process of imitating the local community towards sports brought by the colonizers. On the other hand, the imitation also contains resistance to discriminatory treatment as well as colonial practices. Changes in such discriminatory conditions are needed so that similar practices do not occur in other life aspects.

Promoting Social Distancing and COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions to Mothers: Randomized Comparison of Information Sources in Social Media Messages.

BackgroundSocial media disseminated information and spread misinformation during the COVID-19 pandemic that affected prevention measures, including social distancing and vaccine acceptance.ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to test the effect of a series of social media posts promoting COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and vaccine intentions and compare effects among 3 common types of information sources: government agency, near-peer parents, and news media.MethodsA sample of mothers of teen daughters (N=303) recruited from a prior trial were enrolled in a 3 (information source) × 4 (assessment period) randomized factorial trial from January to March 2021 to evaluate the effects of information sources in a social media campaign addressing NPIs (ie, social distancing), COVID-19 vaccinations, media literacy, and mother–daughter communication about COVID-19. Mothers received 1 social media post per day in 3 randomly assigned Facebook private groups, Monday-Friday, covering all 4 topics each week, plus 1 additional post on a positive nonpandemic topic to promote engagement. Posts in the 3 groups had the same messages but differed by links to information from government agencies, near-peer parents, or news media in the post. Mothers reported on social distancing behavior and COVID-19 vaccine intentions for self and daughter, theoretic mediators, and covariates in baseline and 3-, 6-, and 9-week postrandomization assessments. Views, reactions, and comments related to each post were counted to measure engagement with the messages.ResultsNearly all mothers (n=298, 98.3%) remained in the Facebook private groups throughout the 9-week trial period, and follow-up rates were high (n=276, 91.1%, completed the 3-week posttest; n=273, 90.1%, completed the 6-week posttest; n=275, 90.8%, completed the 9-week posttest; and n=244, 80.5%, completed all assessments). In intent-to-treat analyses, social distancing behavior by mothers (b=–0.10, 95% CI –0.12 to –0.08, P<.001) and daughters (b=–0.10, 95% CI –0.18 to –0.03, P<.001) decreased over time but vaccine intentions increased (mothers: b=0.34, 95% CI 0.19-0.49, P<.001; daughters: b=0.17, 95% CI 0.04-0.29, P=.01). Decrease in social distancing by daughters was greater in the near-peer source group (b=–0.04, 95% CI –0.07 to 0.00, P=.03) and lesser in the government agency group (b=0.05, 95% CI 0.02-0.09, P=.003). The higher perceived credibility of the assigned information source increased social distancing (mothers: b=0.29, 95% CI 0.09-0.49, P<.01; daughters: b=0.31, 95% CI 0.11-0.51, P<.01) and vaccine intentions (mothers: b=4.18, 95% CI 1.83-6.53, P<.001; daughters: b=3.36, 95% CI 1.67-5.04, P<.001). Mothers’ intentions to vaccinate self may have increased when they considered the near-peer source to be not credible (b=–0.50, 95% CI –0.99 to –0.01, P=.05).ConclusionsDecreasing case counts, relaxation of government restrictions, and vaccine distribution during the study may explain the decreased social distancing and increased vaccine intentions. When promoting COVID-19 prevention, campaign planners may be more effective when selecting information sources that audiences consider credible, as no source was more credible in general.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02835807; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02835807