As a clean renewable energy source, wind energy has been widely used to generate electricity in wind farms. Plenty of turbines work together to form a wind farm to increase electricity output. However, this produces an inevitable wake effect, which affects the efficiency of turbines in capturing wind energy, further leading to a decrease in the power generated by wind farms. To minimize the wake effect, optimizing the turbines layout in wind farms is necessary. Therefore, an adaptive Moth-Flame Optimization algorithm with enhanced Exploration and Exploitation capabilities (MFOEE) is proposed. The refinements of the algorithm include: i) defining a selection probability to utilize diverse information of moths; ii) an enhanced exploitation strategy by pushing moths towards the best flame; iii) developing an enhanced exploration strategy, in which three moths exchange information and two inferior moths fly to the superior moth. To validate the performance of MFOEE, four scenarios are set up using grid-based simulations of actual wind farm conditions. The experimental findings demonstrate that MFOEE can offer the most optimal scheme among the four scenarios, which indicates that MFOEE proves highly effective in addressing wind farm layout optimization challenges.
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