Segment Of Labial Palp Research Articles

Taxonomic notes on the genus Baetiella Uéno, 1931 (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae), with description of three new species from Thailand.

Based on material recently collected in northern Thailand, the present study provides an updated of the genus Baetiella, including Gratia. It comprises six species in Thailand, three of them being new species: Baetiella (Gratia) narumonae, Baetiella (Gratia) sororculaenadinae, Baetiella (Baetiella) bispinosa, Baetiella (Baetiella) baeisp. nov., Baetiella (Baetiella) lannaensissp. nov. and Baetiella (Baetiella) bibranchiasp. nov.Baetiella (Baetiella) baeisp. nov. can be distinguished from other species by the reduction of the posteromedian protuberances on abdominal tergites I-III, the asymmetrical coniform terminal segment of labial palp, the distal margin of abdominal sternites VII-X each with a row of long, spatulate setae, the dorsal margin of femur with two long, robust setae distally. Baetiella (Baetiella) lannaensissp. nov. is diagnosed by the posteromedian protuberances present on tergites I-VIII, dorsal margin of femur with a regular row of long, rounded, ciliated setae and body surface covered with numerous, dense, rounded scale-like setae. Baetiella (Baetiella) bibranchiasp. nov. can be separated from other species by coxal gills present at the base of forelegs and midlegs. The molecular study based on the mitochondrial gene COI and a larval key to species of Thai Baetiella are also provided.

Sensory structures on mouthpart palps in Trichoptera: ground plan and basal evolution trends

Comparative study of sensory structures on maxillary and labial palps in 71 species from 14 families by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy revealed significant diversity of sensory structures. Seven principal types of sensory structures were found: pointed trichoid, blunt chaetoid, campaniform, thin basiconic, thick basiconic, petaloid, and pseudoplacoid sensilla. Pointed trichoid and blunt chaetoid sensilla occur on every palp segment. First and, especially, second segments of maxillary palps have bunches of very large blunt chaetoid sensilla on medial surfaces. Campaniform sensilla were found only on basal segments. Pseudoplacoid sensilla are common on the terminal segments of both labial and maxillary palps except for Ptilocolepidae and Hydroptilidae. The petaloid sensilla forming the sensory fields are found in groups surrounded by the soft cuticle, generally in depressions, on the apical segments either on maxillary and labial palps in Hydrobiosidae and Rhyacophilidae, only on labial palps in other studied Integripalpia, or on apical labial palp segment and third and fourth maxillary palp segments in Annulipalpia. The pointed tips of both maxillary and labial palps in lower families have apical sensory complexes looking like small conical outgrowths without microtrichia, each with one large thick basiconic sensilla on its tip and several shorter thick basiconic sensilla on lateral surfaces. We consider these seven types of sensilla along with the apical sensory complex and the assemblage of the petaloid sensilla as a part of Trichoptera ground plan. This primitive diversity changes in evolution so the apical sensory complex, the fields of petaloid sensilla, the groups of very long blunt trichoid sensilla of basal segments, and the pseudoplacoid sensilla disappear in some advanced instances, more often on the maxillary palps. Interspecific variations of sensilla might be important for species discrimination, while the distribution of certain sensory structures is important for higher taxonomy.

Baetis venkataramani sp. nov., a new species of the genus Baetis Leach, 1815 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Tamil Nadu, India

As part of the ongoing research in the southern Western Ghats, a new species of Baetis Leach is described based on the nymphs collected in the Tamil Nadu, Southern India. Baetis venkataramani sp. nov. does not belong to any of the Baetis species groups proposed so far. The most closely related species to B. venkataramani sp. nov. is B. collinus Müller-Liebenau & Hubbard. However, the new species is distinguished from B. collinus by the presence of tergalius I, posterio-tergal spines absent on the tergites I–VIII and present on the tergum IX and by the size of the labial palp segment III. The main differences between B. venkataramani sp. nov. and other oriental species of Baetis are also discussed.

First record of the nominotypical subgenus Acentrella Bengtsson, 1912 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from India with description of a new species

A new species Acentrella (A.) isacki sp. n. is described based on the larvae collected from the Neeru stream of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is the first record of the nominotypical subgenus Acentrella Bengtsson, 1912 from India. The new species does not belong to any Palearctic subgenus group proposed by Kluge and Novikova (2011). It is distinguished from closely related Acentrella (A.) lata (Müller-Liebenau, 1985) by the apico-internal projection on the labial palp segment II, sub-marginal arc of setae in labrum, and by the presence of spines on the inner margin of paraproct. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:992D271C-3327-4706-8625-7662CA4E2EF4

A new species of Megaglena Peters amp; Edmunds, 1970 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Tamil Nadu, India.

Megaglena sivarubani sp. nov. is described based on the nymphs from the Puliyuthu falls of Tamil Nadu, Southern India. The number of species of Megaglena Peters Edmunds is now expanded to three and it is the first record of the genus from the Tamil Nadu part of Southern Western Ghats. Megaglena sivarubani sp. nov. can be distinguished from Indian species M. agasthiya Vasanth, Subramanian Selvakumar by the body size of the nymphs, shape of the labial palp segment III, and by the setation of foretibia. The morphological variations between all the known species of Megaglena are discussed and summarized.

Redescription of Apobaetis lakota McCafferty, 2000 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) and description of two new species from Brazil.

The genus Apobaetis Day is known by its small size and larval shifting-sand habitat preference (psammophilous). Three species of this genus are recorded in North America, from these, only Apobaetis lakota McCafferty needs to be redescribed because its original description is incomplete, turning difficult to distinguish it from species with similar morphology. Therefore, one of the objectives of this study is to redescribe A. lakota. Based on this redescription, two new species from Brazil, with similar morphology could be identified and are described (Apobaetis biancae sp. nov. and Apobaetis jacobusi sp. nov.). Apobaetis lakota can be differentiated by the labrum rectangular, distal margin without medial emargination, medial area of distal margin with three sockets of setae on dorsal surface; maxillary palp long, more than 2.0× the length of galea-lacinia, segment I with the same length as galea-lacinia; lingua subcircular with one medial lobe; glossa distally rounded; inner projection of labial palp segment II rounded and distally directed, segment III triangular; tarsal claws 1.3× the length of tarsus, without row of denticles. Apobaetis jacobusi sp. nov. can be differentiated from other species by fore tarsal claw I with the same length of tarsus, labrum medially with two protuberances and glossa with pointed apex. Apobaetis biancae sp. nov. can be differentiated by the absence of a ventral row of long thin setae near distolateral margin of labrum, four marginal spines on the paraproct, a subrectangular hypopharynx, and by the absence of robust setae on inner margin of the glossa.

First description of imago and redescription of nymph for Cloeodes irvingi Waltz & McCafferty, 1987 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae).

The male imago of Cloeodes irvingi Waltz & McCafferty, 1987 is described for the first time based on reared nymphs collected from the state of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. It is differentiated from Neotropical congeners, among other characteristics, by the marginal intercalary veins being paired, except between veins ICu1-ICu2 and ICu2-CuP where they are single and between Sc-R1 and CuP-A where they are absent; segment II of forceps with a medial constriction; and the posterior margin of the subgenital plate being rounded. The nymph of this species is redescribed based on new and original specimens. It is differentiated from Neotropical congeners, among others characteristics, by having a labrum with a dorsal arc composed of 2 + 0 + 2 long, spine-like setae, a labial palp segment III that is subquadrangular, and the fore femur with an apex that is not projected, with 2 blunt setae.

A new species of Miroculis Edmunds, 1963 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Northeastern Brazil

Miroculis stenopterus, sp. nov., is described based on material from State of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. The imago of the new species can be distinguished, among other characteristics, by an uncommon forewing shape, long and narrow, similar to species of genus Microphlebia. The tentatively associated nymph can be distinguished from other species of the genus mainly by the abdominal color pattern and the ratio of labial palp segment 2 to segment 1 (1.01-1.04 x).

A new species of Labiobaetis Novikova & Kluge, 1987 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Washington, USA.

Labiobaetis sonajuventus n.sp. is described from nymphs collected in a tributary of the Okanogan River in north-central Washington, USA. The new species is distinguished from North American congeners by the well-developed keel between the bases of the antennae, the concave lateral margin of labial palp segment 2, the apically expanded submarginal setae on the labrum, and its western Nearctic distribution.

Imagos of Camelobaetidius cayumba (Traver & Edmunds, 1968) (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae)

The genus Camelobaetidius Demoulin (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) is represented in South America by 28 species: 19 of them are described based on nymphs, three based solely on adults, and only six based on nymphs and adults (Salles & Serrão, 2005; Dominguez et al., 2006; Boldrini & Salles, 2009; Salles & Nascimento, 2009; Boldrini et al., 2010). Camelobaetidius cayumba (Traver & Edmunds, 1968) was described from nymphs and can be distinguished, among other characteristics, by the inner margin of the second segment of labial palp pointed, thoracic gill absent at base of forelegs, claws with 15–18 denticles, and terminal filament about as long as cerci. It has been reported from Peru (Traver & Edmunds, 1968), French Guiana (Thomas et al., 2003), and Brazil (Salles & Serrão, 2005). The aim of the present paper is to describe the adults of C. cayumba from reared nymphs. The specimens were collected on rocky substrate of streams, and the adults were obtained by rearing these nymphs in the laboratory. Terms used in descriptions of thorax are in accordance to Kluge (1994). The material examined is housed in the Zoological Collection Norte Capixaba, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus, ES (CZNC), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM (INPA), and Entomological Collection of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE (UFPE).

Los estadios larvarios de los Crisópidos ibéricos (Insecta, Neuroptera, Chrysopidae), nuevos elementos sobre la morfología larvaria aplicables a la sistemática de la familia

Tras una breve introducción sobre la evolución en el conocimiento de las fases juveniles de la familia Chrysopidae, sobre su biología, comportamiento y características morfológicas más interesantes, se realiza una revisión de los estadios preimaginales de las especies ibéricas (38 de las 49 especies, pertenecientes a los 13 géneros ibéricos), tanto en base a la información existente en la bibliografía, como en las descripciones realizadas por los autores tras la recolección de hembras grávidas, obtención de las puestas y cultivo de sus larvas. Se ofrece nueva información sobre la biología, comportamiento, aspecto, pigmentación y quetotaxia detallada de la larva neonata y de la larva madura de estas 38 especies, y se describen por primera vez los estadios preimaginales de Chrysopa dorsalis, Nineta guadarramensis, Suarius iberiensis e Italochrysa stigmatica. Se proponen una serie de caracteres morfológicos especialmente válidos para la diferenciación de las larvas ibéricas a nivel de subfamilia, tribu, género y especie. A nivel de subfamilia: morfología de la antena y número de sensilas del último segmento del palpo labial. A nivel de género: quetotaxia cefálica, presencia o ausencia de una hilera transversal de setas en el mesonoto, número de tubérculos dorsales y laterodorsales en el abdomen, morfología y desarrollo de los tubérculos laterales del tórax y morfología de las setas. Y a nivel de especie: pigmentación cefálica, morfología de la uña, forma del espiráculo mesotorácico, del esclerito laterodorsal protorácico, número y longitud de las setas de los tubérculos laterales y laterodorsales del abdomen, número de setas de la hilera posteroventral del segmento abdominal X y coloración tegumentaria. En base a estos caracteres, se ofrece una clave de subfamilias, géneros y especies ibéricas que posibilitan su identificación. Comprobamos que el empleo de caracteres morfológicos larvarios apoya, de forma general, la actual clasificación basada en los imagos, aunque el estudio de la morfología larvaria de todas estas especies, nos ha permitido detectar una serie de anomalías que cuestionan la validez o la identidad taxonómica de lo que hasta ahora entendíamos sobre algunas especies ibéricas (Pseudomallada prasinus, Chrysopa nigricostata, Chrysopa phyllochroma y Chrysopa viridana). A nivel global, el desconocimiento general sobre la morfología larvaria de muchos géneros de esta familia limita, por ahora, la utilización de caracteres morfológicos larvarios en estudios taxonómicos y sistemáticos generales, haciéndose necesaria la realización de descripciones más detalladas y completas en un mayor número de especies de un mayor número de géneros/tribus/subfamilias a nivel mundial. Como complemento a este estudio, y tras más de treinta años de toma de nuevos datos, se recopila y actualiza la información existente sobre la biología, preferencia de sustrato vegetal, distribución geográfica, altitudinal y fenológica de las especies de crisopas ibéricas.

The presence of Chane Nieto and Guajirolus Flowers (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) in Brazil with the description of a new species

The related genera Chane and Guajirolus are reported for the first time from Brazil. Guajirolus rondoni, sp. n. is described based on nymphs from Rondonia State and can be differentiated from the other species of the genus by the following combination of characteristics: 1) mandibles with minute spicules on outer margin; 2) maxillary palp three-segmented; 3) hypopharynx lingua with three rounded processes; 4) projection of second segment of labial palp with apex narrower than base; 5) abdominal color pattern; and 6) paraprocts with 13 to 15 organized spines. An updated key to the species of both genera is presented.

Revision of Heterocloeon McDunnough (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae)

The North American genus Heterocloeon McDunnough is redefined and shown to be distinct from other two-tailed Baetis complex genera, including Acentrella Bengtsson and Plauditus Lugo-Ortiz and McCafferty, which are also represented in North America. Heterocloeon is divided into three distinct subgenera, including Heterocloeon s.s., Iswaeon McCafferty and Webb, new subgenus, and Jubilatum McCafferty and Jacobus, new subgenus. Cladistic analysis supports the recognition of these subgenera within a genus defined by the presence of an apomorphic secondary ridge or denticle row on the larval claw; Heterocloeon s.s. and Jubilatum being sister groups, with their stem and Iswaeon branching basally within the Heterocloeon clade. The subgenus Heterocloeon, which possesses larval prothoracic osmobranchiae, retains the traditional species makeup of the genus. Iswaeon, which possesses a basally narrowed labial palp segment 2 and tibiae, and primary claw denticles of subequal length, includes a revalidated H. anoka (Daggy); H. davidi Waltz and McCafferty, new species; and H. rubrolaterale (McDunnough), new combination. Jubilatum, which posssesses an adenticulate secondary ridge on the claws and specialized tibial setation, includes H. amplum (Traver), new combination, and H. grande (Wiersema and Long), new combination. Previous confusion of H. anoka and Plaudituspunctiventris (McDunnough) is also resolved, with adult color patterns in Iswaeon and Plauditus shown to be of diagnostic importance.

Cryptonympha dasilvai sp. nov. (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) do Brasil

Cryptonympha dasilvai sp. n. (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) é descrita baseada em ninfas coletadas nos estados do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo, Região Sudeste do Brasil. A nova espécie pode ser diferenciada de C. copiosa Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, única outra espécie do gênero, por apresentar: labro não estreitado anteriormente; prosteca esquerda sem cerda longa, robusta e pilosa na margem mediana; projeção distomediana do segundo artículo do palpo labial curta; vestígios de tecas alares posteriores; garras com duas fileiras de dentículos; padrão de coloração abdominal; e maior número de espinhos no paraprocto. O gênero é pela primeira vez registrado para o estado do Rio de Janeiro.

The presence of Varipes Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) in Brazil, with the description of a new species

Varipes helenae, new species, (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) is described based on nymphs collected from the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The new species is distinguished by setation of labrum, number of denticles in both mandibles, prostheca of right mandible bifid, not reduced, medial hump of maxilla with a spiniform seta, distomedial process of labial palp segment 2 rounded, relatively few setae on femora, and number of spines on the paraproct. This is the first report of the genus Varipes from Brazil.

A distinctive new species of Apobaetis (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Mato Grosso and Minas Gerais, Brazi

Apobaetis fiuzai (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae), new species, is described based on larvae collected from Mato Grosso and Minas Gerais, Brazil. The new species is distinguished by the lack of robust setae on the anteromedial margin of the labrum; long, three-segmented maxillary palps; basally broad distomedial process of labial palp segment 2; narrow and truncate labial palp segment 3; abundant long, fine, simple setae on outer margin of labial palps segments 2 and 3; and complex abdominal color pattern. The report of A. fiuzai extends the range of Apobaetis within Brazil.

Crassabwa: a new genus of small minnow mayflies (Ephemeroptera : Baetidae) from Africa

Crassabwa Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty (Ephemeroptera : Baetidae), n. gen., is erected for a small monophyletic group of distinctive Afrotropical species previously assigned to Afroptilum Gillies and Centroptilum Eaton, including C. badia (Kopelke), n. comb., C. flava (Crass), n. comb. (type species), C. loweae (Kimmins), n. comb., and C. vitrea (Navas), n. comb. Larvae of Crassabwa are distinguished by possessing a thumb-like distomedial process on labial palp segment 2, a proximal arc of setae on the tibiae, two enlarged subapical denticles in the tarsal claws, and seven gill pairs with posteriorly oriented tracheae and anterodistal marginal serration. Adults are distinguished by possessing hindwings with two longitudinal veins and an elongate, acute costal process, and a robust segment 3 of the male genital forceps. The larval stage of C. flava is redescribed, and new figures are provided to illustrate previously overlooked characters.

Revision of Leioproctus (Filiglossa) Rayment (Hymenoptera: Colletidae)

ABSTRACT Leioproctus (Filiglossa) is revised and females are described for the first time. Three species, Leioproctus(Filiglossa) davisi, L. (F.) hamatus and L. (F.) prolatus are described as new. Four species of Leioproctus (Filiglossa) are recognised. These species are found in southeastern Australia and are unusual in having very long hairs originating from the apex of the maxillary galeae, a very elongate third labial palp segment, and a hair‐like fourth labial palp segment.

MISKAWAYH'S THEORY OF SELF-PURIFICATION AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHILOSOPHY AND SUFISM

The North American genus Heterocloeon McDunnough is redefined and shown to be distinct from other two-tailed Baetis complex genera, including Acentrella Bengtsson and Plauditus Lugo-Ortiz and McCafferty, which are also represented in North America. Heterocloeon is divided into three distinct subgenera, including Heterocloeon s.s., Iswaeon McCafferty and Webb, new subgenus, and Jubilatum McCafferty and Jacobus, new subgenus. Cladistic analysis supports the recognition of these subgenera within a genus defined by the presence of an apomorphic secondary ridge or denticle row on the larval claw; Heterocloeon s.s. and Jubilatum being sister groups, with their stem and Iswaeon branching basally within the Heterocloeon clade. The subgenus Heterocloeon, which possesses larval prothoracic osmobranchiae, retains the traditional species makeup of the genus. Iswaeon, which possesses a basally narrowed labial palp segment 2 and tibiae, and primary claw denticles of subequal length, includes a revalidated H. anoka (Daggy); H. davidi Waltz and McCafferty, new species; and H. rubrolaterale (McDunnough), new combination. Jubilatum, which posssesses an adenticulate secondary ridge on the claws and specialized tibial setation, includes H. amplum (Traver), new combination, and H. grande (Wiersema and Long), new combination. Previous confusion of H. anoka and Plaudituspunctiventris (McDunnough) is also resolved, with adult color patterns in Iswaeon and Plauditus shown to be of diagnostic importance.

Distal Lobe of the Pilifer: An Ultrasonic Receptor in Choerocampine Hawkmoths

Evidence is presented for a novel mechanism mediating the auditory sense in the Choerocampinae (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Vibrations in the scale-free medial wall of the enlarged labial palp segment are transmitted by contact to the distal lobe of the pilifer, a derivative of the labrum, and are there transduced into afferent impulses in the labral nerve.