Security Issues In Smart Grid Research Articles

Security risk models against attacks in smart grid using big data and artificial intelligence.

The need to update the electrical infrastructure led directly to the idea of smart grids (SG). Modern security technologies are almost perfect for detecting and preventing numerous attacks on the smart grid. They are unable to meet the challenging cyber security standards, nevertheless. We need many methods and techniques to effectively defend against cyber threats. Therefore, a more flexible approach is required to assess data sets and identify hidden risks. This is possible for vast amounts of data due to recent developments in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning. Due to adaptable base behavior models, machine learning can recognize new and unexpected attacks. Security will be significantly improved by combining new and previously released data sets with machine learning and predictive analytics. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and big data are used to learn more about the current situation and potential solutions for cybersecurity issues with smart grids. This article focuses on different types of attacks on the smart grid. Furthermore, it also focuses on the different challenges of AI in the smart grid. It also focuses on using big data in smart grids and other applications like healthcare. Finally, a solution to smart grid security issues using artificial intelligence and big data methods is discussed. In the end, some possible future directions are also discussed in this article. Researchers and graduate students are the audience of our article.

Cyber–physical security for on‐going smart grid initiatives: a survey

The smart grid is an upgraded concept of electricity network with tight coupling among information, control, and bi-directional communication technologies. Along with the silent features of the on-going smart grid, cyber–physical security appears to be a deep concern due to its significant dependence on sensing technologies, complex networks of computers, intelligence, and wide-area communication infrastructures. Moreover, the smart grid is an extensive critical infrastructure and vulnerable to coordinated cyber–physical attacks. As a result, cyber–physical attacks cause significant threats to the confidentiality and integrity of the power data, including power outages, cascading failures, and unnecessary expenditure. In this study, security issues of smart grid, including cyber–physical interdependency, attack varieties, detection methods, requirements, standards, challenges, and future prospects, are taken into consideration for both cyber and physical systems, aiming to provide an extensive understanding of vulnerabilities and solutions for the smart power grid. By revealing the inherent features of cyber–physical security in the smart grid, this survey study is addressed to facilitate future research in these two areas.

Blockchain for Future Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Survey

The concept of smart grid has been introduced as a new vision of the conventional power grid to figure out an efficient way of integrating green and renewable energy technologies. In this way, Internet-connected smart grid, also called energy Internet, is also emerging as an innovative approach to ensure the energy from anywhere at any time. The ultimate goal of these developments is to build a sustainable society. However, integrating and coordinating a large number of growing connections can be a challenging issue for the traditional centralized grid system. Consequently, the smart grid is undergoing a transformation to the decentralized topology from its centralized form. On the other hand, blockchain has some excellent features which make it a promising application for smart grid paradigm. In this paper, we aim to provide a comprehensive survey on application of blockchain in smart grid. As such, we identify the significant security challenges of smart grid scenarios that can be addressed by blockchain. Then, we present a number of blockchain-based recent research works presented in different literatures addressing security issues in the area of smart grid. We also summarize several related practical projects, trials, and products that have been emerged recently. Finally, we discuss essential research challenges and future directions of applying blockchain to smart grid security issues.

A review and vision on authentication and privacy preservation schemes in smart grid network

Security and privacy preservation are important research challenges in Internet of Things (IoT) applications, wherein the information related to customers' habit is seamlessly collected for further analytics. One such IoT application; Smart grid (SG) network uses Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to automate the traditional electricity network between customers and utility companies. In the SG setting, on one side, there is a seamless exchange of energy consumption information, demand change and price change messages between customers and utility grid; on the other side, it offers various cyber security challenges. To avoid some‐one intercepting these messages and modify personal information, it is necessary to communicate these messages using an appropriate security and privacy preservation scheme. The objective of this article is conduct a comprehensive survey on existing security and privacy techniques being developed for the SG network. The survey presented in this article is motivated by the earlier research attempts on cyber security issues in SG, key management techniques, authentication schemes and privacy preservation techniques in SG network. The paper provides a wide review on various authentication techniques till recent developments on lightweight authentication and the privacy preservation techniques including encryption based privacy preservation using homomorphic encryption, elliptic curve cryptography, and lattice cryptography. Furthermore, the article presents our vision on privacy and utility trade‐off issues, privacy enhancement using blockchains, lightweight cryptography, and security challenges in fog node.

An efficient Intrusion Detection System against cyber-physical attacks in the smart grid

Without robust security mechanisms, the smart grid remains vulnerable to many attacks that can cause serious damages. Since state estimation is a critical entity to monitor and control electricity production and distribution, intruders are more attracted by this entity in order to disrupt the smart grid reliability. In this context, we propose an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) architecture to detect lethal attacks with a focus on two smart grid security issues: (i) Firstly, against integrity issue with price manipulation attack, we propose a Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) algorithm that detects this attack even with granular price changes; (ii) Secondly, the availability issue with Denial of Service (DoS) attack against which we develop an efficient method to monitor and detect any misbehaving node. Performance evaluations show the robustness of the proposed IDS system compared to existing mechanisms. The achieved detection rate is above 95% and the false positive rate is below 5%.

Network Architecture, Security Issues, and Hardware Implementation of a Home Area Network for Smart Grid

This paper discusses aims, architecture, and security issues of Smart Grid, taking care of the lesson learned at University of Pisa in research projects on smart energy and grid. A key element of Smart Grid is the energy home area network (HAN), for which an implementation is proposed, dealing with its security aspects and showing some solutions for realizing a wireless network based on ZigBee. Possible hardware-software architectures and implementations using COTS (Commercial Off The Shelf) components are presented for key building blocks of the energy HAN such as smart power meters and plugs and a home smart information box providing energy management policy and supporting user's energy awareness.

Smart-grid security issues

This article has given a broadbrush description of issues related to smart-grid security. Designing solutions in at this stage, before widespread deployment, would be beneficial; in some cases solutions exist, whereas in others research investments will be needed. Several open questions about goals still require discussion, especially around such topics as how (and how much) privacy can be supported.