Security Of Encryption Algorithm Research Articles

Physical layer security enhanced scheme based on joint encryption of DNA and RNA data perturbation in CO-OFDM system

—In the work, we propose a new chaotic encryption algorithm for optical physical layer security enhanced in coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) systems. The proposed algorithm adopts the six-dimensional (6D) hyperchaotic to achieve the generation of key sequences, which can effectively improve the unpredictability and security of the system. The encryption scheme includes two steps, first, the binary sequence is disturbed by DNA and RNA two-stage encoding and RNA mutation, and then the initial encrypted data is injected into the algorithm module with two-dimensional continuous chaotic mapping (2D-SCL) and Brownian motion to scramble successively. Simulations in a 16QAM CO-OFDM system at a symbol rate of 30 Gbaud over 80 km of standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) show that a legitimate user is able to successfully decrypt the received signals, and an illegal eavesdropper obtains a useless signal with a bit error rate (BER) of about 0.5. The scheme can tolerate very small deviations and has a key space of approximately 10294, which can effectively withstand illegal attacks. And the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) can be reduced by about 1.01 dB.

Improvement the International Data Encryption Algorithm(IDEA)based on Chaos Theory

Background: The (IDEA), which represents International Data Encryption Algorithm is a widely used cipher algorithm that has raised concerns due to the discovery of numerous weak keys, as highlighted in previous research. These weak keys, specifically those containing consecutive sequences of single digits, have been found to impede the algorithm's evolution and result in a sluggish avalanche effect. To address these vulnerabilities, this research aims to develop an enhanced and secure encryption algorithm by incorporating Chaos Theory principles into IDEA. Materials and methods: The primary objective is to address the weaknesses associated with IDEA's key generation process by leveraging Chaos Theory to generate strong, highly random keys that replace the algorithm's weak keys t. The study also aims to assess the security and cryptographic strength of the enhanced IDEA algorithm through evaluations and comparisons with the original algorithm. Results: The results showed that the proposed key passed 11 tests out of the 15 total tests, while the Traditional key of IDEA passed only 7. This indicates that the proposed method is superior by 4 tests over the Traditional method of generating keys. Also, cipher text 1 with the proposed key passed 10 tests out of the 15 total tests, while with the Traditional key passed only 8 . Conclusion: This indicates the superiority of the proposed method of IDEA in encryption over the traditional method of IDEA.

Automatic Translation of English Terms for Computer Network Security Based on Deep Learning

Translation computer network security refers to the protection of sensitive information during the transmission of data across networks in different languages. With the increasing globalization of businesses and communications, the need for secure translation services has become paramount. Security measures such as encryption, authentication, and data integrity verification play a crucial role in safeguarding translations from unauthorized access, interception, or tampering. Additionally, the use of secure communication protocols and encryption algorithms ensures that data remains confidential and protected from cyber threats. This paper presents an automatic translation approach for English terms related to computer network security, leveraging deep learning techniques with Cryptographic Hashing Authentication Classification (CHAC). The proposed framework aims to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of translating security terms across different languages, facilitating effective communication and collaboration in cybersecurity contexts. Through simulated experiments and empirical validations, the effectiveness of the CHAC-enhanced deep learning model is evaluated, demonstrating significant improvements in translation accuracy and performance. For instance, the CHAC model achieved an average accuracy rate of 90% in translating security terms, outperforming traditional translation methods by 20%. Additionally, the framework reduced translation time by 30%, streamlining the process of generating multilingual security documentation and communications. These results underscore the potential of deep learning with CHAC in automating the translation of English terms for computer network security, enhancing global cybersecurity efforts and facilitating cross-cultural collaboration.

Secure and Fast Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Modified Logistic Map

In the past few decades, the transmission of data over an unsecure channel has resulted in an increased rate of hacking. The requirement to make multimedia data more secure is increasing day by day. Numerous algorithms have been developed to improve efficiency and robustness in the encryption process. In this article, a novel and secure image encryption algorithm is presented. It is based on a modified chaotic logistic map (CLM) that provides the advantage of taking less computational time to encrypt an input image. The encryption algorithm is based on Shannon’s idea of using a substitution–permutation and one-time pad network to achieve ideal secrecy. The CLM is used for substitution and permutation to improve randomness and increase dependency on the encryption key. Various statistical tests are conducted, such as keyspace analysis, complexity analysis, sensitivity analysis, strict avalanche criteria (SAC), histogram analysis, entropy analysis, mean of absolute deviation (MAD) analysis, correlation analysis, contrast analysis and homogeneity, to give a comparative analysis of the proposed algorithm and verify its security. As a result of various statistical tests, it is evident that the proposed algorithm is more efficient and robust as compared to previous ones.

A Blockchain-based carbon emission security accounting scheme

To solve the problem of climate warming, countries around the world have paid special attention to the construction of carbon governance. Carbon emission accounting is an important policy tool to control the vented CO2. But at present, there are third-party agencies in carbon emission accounting that cannot ensure the fairness and impartiality of accounting, and there may be risks such as illegal use and leakage of sensitive information in the process of carbon emission data transmission. Therefore, We design the blockchain-based carbon emission security accounting scheme (BCESAS) and propose cross-chain verification contract to ensure the efficiency of cross-chain information accounting. In addition, bilinear pairing is used to ensure data integrity, and we encrypt private data using an improved and more secure homomorphic encryption algorithm to ensure that privacy is not leaked during the transfer of carbon emission data, which is more efficient than other homomorphic encryption algorithms. We also use reputation mechanism to regulate the behavior of carbon emission auditors. The theoretical and experimental analysis demonstrates that BCESAS can verify the integrity, correctness and privacy of cross-chain data calculation result effectively, realizing secure and reliable expansion of blockchain.

Innovative chaotic dragon fractal (ChDrFr) shapes for efficient encryption applications: a new highly secure image encryption algorithm

In this paper, the generation of new dragon fractal shapes with chaotic iteration parameters is introduced as the main component of a new efficient approach for different cryptographic applications. This process involves applying a chaotic map, which is considered the initiator pattern, to generate different chaotic dragon fractal (ChDrFr) shapes in lieu of lines (which are classically used to generate dragon fractals). This is the new concept of this paper. The used chaotic maps are sensitive to their initial conditions and are characterized by randomness; hence, the resulting scheme is highly secure. As the resulting ChDrFr shapes have sparse structures, the spaces are packed with random values generated from another 5D hyper chaotic map. For encryption applications based on the substitution approach, one of the five generated ChFrDr shapes can be used to construct a chaotic fractal (ChFr) S-Box, while the other four ChDrFr shapes can be used for diffusion purposes. As an application to these new ChDrFr shapes and the ChFr S-Box, we introduce in this paper a new highly secure image encryption algorithm. A Henon chaotic map is used as the initiator of the ChDrFr shapes. The integer wavelet transform (IWT) is used to generate an approximation and three detail sub-bands for the original image. As the approximation sub-band contains a considerable amount of information about the original image, the above-described ChFr S-Box is used as a replacement for each pixel’s value in this sub-band. Then, the resultant substituted image is diffused with one of the generated ChFrDr shapes. The other three ChDrFr shapes are XORed with the details sub-images. Numerical simulation is applied to ensure the efficacy of encrypted images against different attacks. In particular, the correlation coefficient between the initial and the generated images is shown to be nearly zero. Moreover, tests reveal that the information entropy of the encrypted images and UACI were close to their optimum values. The properties of the newly proposed ChDrFr-based encryption algorithm are compared to the ones obtained by other encryption algorithms, and the results prove the superiority of this newly proposed algorithm to other types of encryption methods.

SIELNet: 3-D Chaotic-Map-Based Secure Image Encryption Using Customized Residual Dense Spatial Network

The continuous development of Industry 5.0 technology has brought great convenience to people’s work and life. However, during digital data transmission and storage, the data may be accessed by unauthorized persons, resulting in privacy disclosure. Therefore, efficient data protection is always a high demand to solve this realistic problem. This work proposes a secure encryption algorithm, SIELNet, for colour images. First, we introduce a new three-dimensional chaotic map to encrypt colour images, obtaining the cipher images with a relationship to the plain images. We provide its excellent chaotic behaviour through standard randomness test. Secondly, we use a customized residual dense spatial network to perform the task of lossy image reconstruction from an encrypted, compressed image, which solves the constrained super-resolution task. Extensive experimental results on four public datasets demonstrate the superior performance of SIELNet against state-of-the-art techniques with excellent reconstruction quality. We believe the secure design of SIELNet can contribute to the favourable data integrity application of Industry 5.0.

Fast image encryption algorithm with random structures

Block encryption algorithms are among the most preferred applications in cryptographic systems. Block ciphers should have accomplished some requirements for a secure communication system. They should be evaluated in terms of cryptanalysis methods for widespread usage. The aim of this paper is to introduce a new secure and fast block encryption algorithm for images. For this purpose, a new block cipher, which offers an innovative encryption structure for key generation systems and can use S-boxes with different methods, is proposed. A Dynamic S-Box is used in the algorithm for both substitution and key generation purposes. Linear and differential cryptanalysis methods were performed successfully. UACI and NPCR tests show that the proposed symmetric block cipher algorithm is compatible with image encryption systems. The 512-bit key length provides the highest security for block encryption. Additionally, information entropy test, correlation coefficients, mean-squared error, and peak signal-to-noise ratio analyses were concluded successfully. The novelty of the paper is building a cryptanalysis attack-resistant block cipher algorithm that presents a lightweight cryptographic solution for image encryption systems.

A visually secure image encryption algorithm based on block compressive sensing and deep neural networks

A visually secure image encryption algorithm based on block compressive sensing and deep neural networks

CLEA-256-based text and image encryption algorithm for security in IOD networks

CLEA-256-based text and image encryption algorithm for security in IOD networks

Two Fish Encryption Based Blockchain Technology for Secured Data Storage

Data security and sharing remains nuisance among many applications like business data, medical data, banking data etc. In this research, block chain technology is built with encryption algorithm for high level data security in cloud storage. Medical data security seems critical aspect due to sensitivity of patient’s information. Unauthorized access of medical data creates major issue to patients. This article proposed block chain with hybrid encryption technique for securing medical data stored in block chain model at cloud storage. New Two fish encryption model is implemented based on RSA Multiple Precision Arithmetic (MPA). MPA works by using library concept. The objective of using this methodology is to enhance security performance with less execution time. Patient data is processed by encryption algorithm and stored at blockchain infrastructure using encrypted key. Access permission allows user to read or write the medical data attached in block chain framework. The performance of traditional cryptographic techniques is very less in providing security infrastructure. Proposed blockchain based Two fish encryption technique provides high security in less encryption and decryption time.

Description of Image encryption Using AES-256 bits

Abstract: Image Encryption using AES Algorithm is a technique to secure the confidentiality of images. One of the most popular and secure encryption algorithms is the AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) algorithm. It is a symmetric encryption algorithm that encrypts data using a 128-bit block cipher. In this process, the image is first converted into a binary format. Then, a random 128-bit key is generated, which is used to create a sequence of subkeys that will be used for each round of encryption. The binary image is then divided into 128-bit blocks, and the encryption algorithm is applied to each block using the subkeys generated earlier. This process ensures that the image is encrypted securely and is only accessible to those who have the key to decrypt it. One of the advantages of using AES is that it provides a high level of security, making it difficult for hackers to decrypt the encrypted data. Additionally, AES is a fast algorithm and can be implemented easily in hardware or software. The use of AES for image encryption ensures that the image is protected against unauthorized access and provides a secure way of transmitting sensitive images over the internet. Thus we can say that Image Encryption using AES Algorithm is a secure and efficient way to protect the confidentiality of images. It uses AES, a widely used encryption algorithm, to encrypt images securely, making it difficult for hackers to decrypt them without the key.

Color Image Encryption Algorithm Based on a Chaotic Model Using the Modular Discrete Derivative and Langton’s Ant

In this work, a color image encryption and decryption algorithm for digital images is presented. It is based on the modular discrete derivative (MDD), a novel technique to encrypt images and efficiently hide visual information. In addition, Langton’s ant, which is a two-dimensional universal Turing machine with a high key space, is used. Moreover, a deterministic noise technique that adds security to the MDD is utilized. The proposed hybrid scheme exploits the advantages of MDD and Langton’s ant, generating a very secure and reliable encryption algorithm. In this proposal, if the key is known, the original image is recovered without loss. The method has demonstrated high performance through various tests, including statistical analysis (histograms and correlation distributions), entropy, texture analysis, encryption quality, key space assessment, key sensitivity analysis, and robustness to differential attack. The proposed method highlights obtaining chi-square values between 233.951 and 281.687, entropy values between 7.9999225223 and 7.9999355791, PSNR values (in the original and encrypted images) between 8.134 and 9.957, the number of pixel change rate (NPCR) values between 99.60851796% and 99.61054611%, unified average changing intensity (UACI) values between 33.44672377% and 33.47430379%, and a vast range of possible keys >5.8459×1072. On the other hand, an analysis of the sensitivity of the key shows that slight changes to the key do not generate any additional information to decrypt the image. In addition, the proposed method shows a competitive performance against recent works found in the literature.

Stochastic Gradient Descent long short-term memory based secure encryption algorithm for cloud data storage and retrieval in cloud computing environment

With the increasing rise of distributed system technologies, one of the most pressing problems facing the digital world is ensuring the security of sensitive and confidential data during transport and storage, which is also regarded as one of the most critical difficulties facing cloud computing. Numerous techniques exist for enhancing data security in the cloud computing storage environment. Encryption is the most important method of data protection. Consequently, several accessible encryption strategies are utilized to provide security, integrity, and authorized access by employing modern cryptographic algorithms. Cloud computing is an innovative paradigm widely accepted as a platform for storing and analysing user data. The cloud is accessible via the internet, exposing the data to external and internal threats. Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) must now implement a secure architecture to detect cloud intrusions and safeguard client data from hackers and attackers. This paper combines Stochastic Gradient Descent long short-term memory (SGD-LSTM) and Blow Fish encryption to detect and prevent unauthorized cloud access. User registration, intrusion detection, and intrusion prevention are the three phases of the planned system. The SGD-LSTM classifier predicts cloud data access and prevents unauthorized cloud access. In the data access phase, cloud data access is managed by authenticating the authorized user with the Blowfish encryption algorithm. Comparing the proposed classifier to existing classifiers demonstrates that it detects abnormal access accurately. The experimental outcomes enhanced data security, which can be utilized to protect cloud computing applications. The experimental results of the suggested SGD-LSTM algorithm indicated a high level of protection, as well as a considerable improvement in security and execution speed when compared to algorithms that are often used in cloud computing.

Creating Password Protector Application for Preventing Unauthorised Hackers Using Java

Password managers utilise the master password or security key to safeguard user passwords. The security of Master Password users gets compromised when they use a weak Master Password. Because users always require a token to log in, the advantages of using security keys are minimal. In this article, we present an entirely novel password administration platform that uses secret sharing and a user's server to offer excellent security and convenience of use. Password protection systems are still vulnerable to various attacks ten years after their inception. SECRYPT is an all-in-one encrypted password manager that takes care of your security and privacy. Protects the user's web service password in the cloud service password file. The fact that the application works as SaaS in the cloud increases the usability and reliability of the application. All passwords stored in our app are encrypted and stored in a cloud database. Your passwords and encrypted keys are stored in multiple databases for added security. To address this issue, we attempted to create a safe password manager that can recover multiple user accounts and passwords locally, relieving users of the stress of remembering many accounts and passwords. The data is encrypted with the AES encryption algorithm for maximum user security and the password manager is integrated into the browser to provide many important functions to the end users

A highly secure image encryption algorithm based on conservative hyperchaotic system and dynamic biogenetic gene algorithms

Aiming at the problem that the current image encryption algorithms generally use dissipative chaos, which leads to the algorithms being vulnerable to reconstruction attack, and the coding rules of image encryption algorithms using biological coding are too simple, this paper proposes an image encryption algorithm based on conservative hyperchaotic and biological gene algorithms. Firstly, a new conservative hyperchaotic system is proposed, which can resist reconstruction attacks, has a larger key space, and can generate pseudorandom sequences with strong randomicity. Secondly, SHA-512 is used to calculate the hash value of plaintext image, and the initial key is generated through the key generation algorithm we devised to improve the sensitivity of the algorithm to the key and plaintext. Finally, new dynamic coding rules are designed to enrich the biological coding rules. In addition, dynamic gene uniform crossover algorithm and dynamic gene mutation algorithm are devised, and pseudorandom sequences dynamically control gene operation, further enriching coding rules and expanding key space, improving the security of the algorithm. According to experimental and analysis results, the image encryption algorithm has high security and efficiency.

Strike: Stream Cipher Based on Stochastic Lightning Strike Behaviour

There is an increasing need for secure and fast encryption algorithms to support applications and communication protocols, and business models. In this paper, we present an alternative stream cipher (Strike) inspired by the stochastic behaviour of lightning strike phenomena. The novelty and originality of Strike stem from the utilisation of lightning strike behaviour as a source for generating random keystreams for encryption and decryption. Strike consists of three main functions: a function for setting up the security attributes, a function for generating lightning strikes and converting them to a keystream, and a function for plaintext encryption. The proposed stream cipher was tested against several cryptanalysis and statistical attacks in addition to other performance tests. The results show that Strike achieves high throughput on both high- and low-speed devices. Additionally, security analysis shows that our cipher is resistant to cryptanalysis and statistical attacks.

A secure, efficient and super-fast chaos-based image encryption algorithm for real-time applications

A secure, efficient and super-fast chaos-based image encryption algorithm for real-time applications

A novel spectrogram visual security encryption algorithm based on block compressed sensing and five-dimensional chaotic system

Based on block compressed sensing theory, combined with a five-dimensional chaotic system, we propose and analyze a novel spectrogram visual security encryption algorithm. This research is devoted to solving the compression, encryption and steganography problems of spectrograms involving large data volumes and high complexity. First, the discrete wavelet transform is applied to the spectrogram to generate the coefficient matrix. Then, block compressed sensing is applied to compress and preencrypt the spectrogram. Second, we design a new five-dimensional chaotic system. Then, several typical evaluation methods, such as the phase diagram, Lyapunov exponent, bifurcation diagram and sample entropy, are applied to deeply analyze the chaotic behavior and dynamic performance of the system. Moreover, the corresponding Simulink model has been built, which proves the realizability of the chaotic system. Importantly, the measurement matrix required for compressed sensing is constructed by the chaotic sequence. Third, dynamic Josephus scrambling and annular diffusion are performed on the secret image to obtain the cipher image. Finally, an improved least significant bit embedding method and alpha channel synchronous embedding are designed to obtain a steganographic image with visual security properties. To make the initial keys of each image completely different from other images, the required keys are produced using the SHA-256 algorithm. The experimental results confirm that the visual security cryptosystem designed in this study has better compression performance, visual security and reconstruction quality. Furthermore, it is able to effectively defend against a variety of conventional attack methods, such as statistical attacks and entropy attacks.

Novel image cryptosystem based on new 2D hyperchaotic map and dynamical chaotic S-box

Chaotic systems are widely used in image encryption due to their sensitivity to initial values, ergodicity, and other properties; many image encryption algorithms based on chaotic systems have been studied in the past few years. To obtain a more secure encryption algorithm, this work firstly proposes a new two-dimensional discrete hyperchaotic map, which has a wider continuous chaotic interval, larger Lyapunov exponents and passed all NIST and part of TestU01 tests. Then, we apply the proposed map to generate S-boxes and combine them in pairs; finally, twelve S-boxes are obtained, and the elements of the plaintext image are grouped, each group of pixels is summed, and modular operations are used to specify specific S-boxes. Next, each set of elements is bitwise XOR with the corresponding S-box. Finally, the cipher image is obtained by scrambling using chaotic signal. Experiments show that compared with some other encryption algorithms, the proposed S-box-based encryption method has higher security, and it resists to common attacks.